FR3093739A1 - Machine for grinding the profile of the rails of a railway track - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine for grinding the profile of the head of a rail of a railroad track, comprising a frame movable on the rail (3) to be grinded and capable of pivoting around the rail to allow grinding of the rail. running face of the rail and first of all on one side thereof and, after turning the machine over by an angle of 180 °, on the other side, the frame being provided with a grinding disc (12 ), a motor (14) for driving the disk in rotation and a device (16) for actuating the pivoting by an operator. The machine is characterized in that the machine (1) comprises a stand device (22), movable by the operator between a retracted position and a working position in which he is resting on the rail (3), and in that, in its working position, the device lifts the machine above the rail to allow the machine to turn 180 °. The invention can be used for grinding the rail mushrooms of a railway track. FIGURE 26

Description

Railway track profile grinding machine

The invention relates to a machine for grinding the profile of the rails of a railway track, comprising a frame movable on the rail to be ground and capable of pivoting around the rail to allow the grinding of the running face of the rail and of first of a flank of the latter and after reversal of the other flank, the carriage being provided with a grinding disc, a motor for driving the disc in rotation and an actuating device by an operator including the pivoting of the carriage.

Grinding machines of this type are known. Due to their heavy weight, and standards that limit the weight an operator is allowed to carry, several people are required to turn the machine over and lift it off the rail for this purpose.

The object of the invention is to overcome this end.

The object of the invention is to overcome this drawback.

To achieve this object, the machine comprises a stand device that can be moved between a working position in which it is resting on the rail and a retracted position and in that, in its working position, it raises the machine to a height allowing the 180° reversal of the machine.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the crutch device comprises a leg, one end of which is articulated by a horizontal axis and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail when the machine is in its vertical position, under the chassis, and which carries on its other end a foot part configured to be able to bear on the rail and which is mounted, rotatable around the longitudinal axis of the leg, and a lever for controlling the pivoting of the leg around its axis of articulation to the frame, from its retracted position to its support position on the rail.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the foot is made in the form of a U-shaped part adapted to engage on the head of the rail.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the crutch device is capable of being brought out of its support position by a sudden force of movement of the machine in the direction of movement thereof, applied by the 'operator.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the crutch device comprises a return spring in its retracted position.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the engine is a four-stroke gasoline engine.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the engine is an engine designed to operate in a position in which its output axis is oriented horizontally and in which the distribution of gasoline is by gravity, and in that the engine is mounted on the frame in a position in which the output shaft is oriented vertically when the machine is in its vertical position, and in that modifications are made so that the motor can operate in this new position in positions of inclination of the machine from its vertical position of the machine, up to an angle advantageously of 105°.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the fuel tank is repositioned to be arranged above the engine in all the working positions of the machine.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, a partition is arranged between the original installation face of the rocker cover on the engine and the rocker cover, which has the function of preventing in particular the flow of oil in the carburetor.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the carburettor is repositioned in an inclined position of 90° in the plane of the pivoting of the engine in its position with a vertical output axis, and of 45° in the plane of pivoting of the machine around of the rail.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the machine comprises a tilt device (126) for detecting a tilt position of the machine in its grinding position, beyond the limit tilt angle.

The invention will be better understood, and other aims, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the explanatory description which will follow made with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings given solely by way of example illustrating a mode of embodiment of the invention and in which:

Figure 1 is a side view of the grinding machine according to the invention;

FIGS. 2 and 3 are front views of the grinding machine according to the invention, showing the machine in its vertical and maximum inclination positions;

FIG. 4 is a view of the heat engine of the grinding machine according to the invention, showing the latter in its original orientation, with a horizontal output axis;

FIG. 5 is a view of the motor of FIG. 4, but oriented in its position which it occupies in the grinding machine according to the invention;

Figures 6 to 9 are different views, from above, side and in perspective of the partition added to the rocker cover;

Figure 10 is a view of the cylinder head after removal of the engine rocker cover;

Figures 11 to 13 are explanatory diagrams of the function of the rocker cover partition;

FIGS. 14 to 17 are explanatory diagrams of the repositioning of the carburettor of the engine according to the invention;

Figures 18 to 21 are different views of the carburetor pipe according to the invention;

Figures 22 and 23 illustrate the positioning of the carburettor pipe on the engine;

Figures 24 and 25 are perspective views of the crutch device according to the invention and,

Figures 26 to 28 correspond to Figure 1, but show the machine in three different positions when turning over the machine;

FIG. 29 illustrates the tilt device according to the invention.

Figures 1 to 3 show the machine in its vertical position for grinding the running surface of the rail and its position of maximum inclination for grinding one of the two sides of the rail. The references 1, 3, 4 and 5 designate respectively the machine, the rail, the rolling surface and the side thereof.

As seen in the figures, the machine 1 comprises a frame 8 which is provided at each of its two ends with a roller 10 for rolling on the rail 3. This frame carries a grinding disc 12, a motor 14 of drive in rotation of the disc 12 by means of a transmission device enclosed in the chassis as well as an actuation device 16 of the chassis, in particular to allow the pivoting of the chassis around the longitudinal axis of the rail in positions of inclination for grinding the sides of the head of the rails, up to in its position of maximum inclination of for example 105° according to FIG. 3. The frame further comprises two wheels 18, each close to a roller 10 which each, on either side of a hub part, a larger diameter disc 19, 20 including that located on the side of the rail, which is opposite to the side of the head to be ground, namely the disc 19 to a larger diameter to be able to serve as a support on the mushroom d u rail during the pivoting of the machine as will be explained later in detail concerning the disc its height relative to the head of the rail is adjustable using an adjustment mechanism comprising a hand flap 24, by the through a threaded rod mechanism.

According to an essential characteristic of the invention, the machine is equipped with a device 22 for turning the machine over so that it can, after grinding one side of the head, grind the other side.

The actuating device 16 has the configuration of a rectangular frame formed by tubes or rods and is composed of an upper horizontal tube 26, a lower horizontal tube 27 and two side vertical tubes 28. At each lower corner 30 is fixed an inclined or curved rod 32 which is articulated by its other end to the frame and maintains the frame at a certain lateral distance from the frame as clearly shown in FIG. 2. The frame further comprises a guide rod in the form of an arc of circle 34 whose center of curvature is the pivot axis of the rods 32 and therefore of the frame. The other end 35 of the rod is free so that the latter can slide in a passage 37. It can be locked in this passage by a locking device 39 of any suitable known type.

The drive motor 14 of the grinding disc 12 can be of any suitable type and is in the case of the machine shown, by way of non-limiting example, advantageously a heat engine, preferably a four-stroke gasoline engine. To be sufficiently powerful, the motor used is a motor whose output shaft 42 extends horizontally in accordance with FIG. 4. However, in its application to the grinding machine according to the invention, the output shaft 42 must extend vertically, on the one hand, and the motor must still be able to operate correctly while being inclined steeply, for example by 105°, with respect to its position with a vertical output axis, that is to say it must allow the inclination of the machine from its vertical position of figure 2 to its position of figure 3.

But since the engine is not designed for the application in which it is used in the case of the invention, multiple modifications must be made to the engine.

Indeed, in order to be able to place the engine on the frame, it had to be tilted at 90° from its initial operating position, which involves many changes. Figures 4 and 5 show the motor respectively in its initial position with horizontal output axis 42 and in its position mounted on the frame of the grinding machine according to the invention, in which the axis 42 is oriented vertically. Due to this change in orientation of the engine, the original tank of the engine is found at 90° from its normal position and since the engine does not have a fuel pump and the distribution of fuel must therefore be done by gravity, another tank noted 44 was placed at the top of the engine, in a horizontal position with respect to the ground in order to be able to again use gravity to distribute gasoline to the carburettor. In fact the original tank (in the shape of a parallelepiped) is dismantled and replaced by a cylindrical tank and moved. The position and shape of the tank to supply the engine with fuel throughout the range of inclination.

Changing engine position also causes problems with the carburetor and rocker arm. The invention proposes solutions to these problems by making modifications to the engine which are described below.

Given that the engine is no longer in its initial position in which it was designed to operate, after its 90° turnaround, the oil contained in the engine is no longer at the level of the crankcase, but at the level of the motor shaft. In addition, since the grinding machine is used in a high inclination range, the oil contained in the engine regularly changes its place in the engine. In the limit inclination position of the machine, the oil would rise in the breather indicated at 46 in FIG. 2 and towards the air filter, the cover of which is designated by the reference 48 and which would gorge itself with oil. This would imply that the engine swallows oil in the combustion chamber from which would result a strong blue smoke very polluting since the engine burns oil. Added to this is that if the valve cover denoted 50 would also find itself supplied with oil, the lubrication will be affected and the phenomenon of degassing of the crankcase which makes it possible to maintain a pressure in the engine close to atmospheric pressure, could not occur. do it well that it is important for the proper functioning of the engine.

To overcome this problem, the invention provides for the installation of a partition 52 which is inserted between the original rocker arm cover 50 and the valve rocker arms. This partition has multiple functions. On the one hand, it makes it possible to delay the arrival of oil in the breather hose 46, but also the quantity which is introduced there. On the other hand, by limiting access to this hose, the oil being blocked, it continues to perform its lubrication function in a more durable manner and with a more stable quantity of oil in the engine.

The partition is shown in Figures 6 to 9 and Figure 10 shows the cylinder head of the engine with the two rocker arms 54 after removal of the rocker arm cover 50. The partition will be placed on the face 56 of the cylinder head which is normally used for installation by the cover -rocker arm with the interposition of a gasket or a gasket lug, and then the rocker arm cover 50 is put in place on the partition with the interposition of a gasket between the peripheral surfaces of the partition 52 and of the rocker arm cover.

Referring to Figures 6 to 9, we see that the partition 52 has two holes of different diameters, which are designated by the references 58, 60. The first hole has a diameter of 2.5 mm and is provided to allow crankcase degassing. His position is important. It is defined by the most critical angle of inclination of the engine, i.e. the angle where the engine will bring oil up to the breather. This hole is therefore placed on the axis of the radius at the bottom right of the part, 11.5 mm from the edge. The second hole 60 is smaller and has a diameter of 1.5 mm. Its role is to push back the oil if it has passed through the first hole, when the engine is in normal position, without inclination. The second hole is also positioned 11.5 mm from the edge of the part and 20 mm from the central axis. Center hole 62 is positioned to be concentric with the rocker cover. It should be noted that the shape of the partition 52 is not of capital importance, apart from the position of the holes. However, the dimensions are only given by way of example and can be chosen otherwise, provided that they maintain their indicated functions.

Regarding the rocker cover, modifications are also made there. On the rocker arm cover, the original breather is plugged in order to slow the progression of the oil, using sealant or a sealing tablet. The second hole that can be seen and which is blocked is the classic overflow of the breather, if however it were to be overfilled with oil. Another hole is bored by discharge, in order to guarantee the degassing of the crankcase. Its position is made according to the same criteria as on the partition for hole 58 of 2 mm. It is advantageous that it also has a diameter of 2 mm.

Figures 11 to 13 illustrate the problem of oil flow following the change of the position of the engine and the solution brought to the problem. Figure 11 schematically shows the engine block and the cylinder head. The references 70, 72, 74, 76, 78 and 80 designate respectively the crankcase, the crankshaft, the connecting rod, the push rod, the piston and the valve controlled by the rod. The rocker cover covers in the figures the head of the push rod, the rocker arm and the valve controlled by the rocker arm 82 under the effect of the push rod. The rocker cover breather hole 50 is indicated by the reference 84.

Figure 11 shows this arrangement in its position in the engine before its change of position, that is to say with a horizontal output axis. The crankshaft is bathed in the oil indicated by the reference 46. The combustion chamber located below the piston 78 is sealed. However, the push rod tunnel 76 is not. Normally the engine is not supposed to be reversed. The breather hole 84 therefore makes it possible to evacuate the pressure when it becomes too high. However, in the case of the invention, the motor is used with orientations that can go up to 105° and the aforementioned lubrication problem arises.

Indeed, when the engine is mounted on the frame with its output axis oriented vertically, the assembly of Figure 11 has also undergone a change of position of 90° and is no longer in the substantially vertical plane of Figure 11. but in a substantially horizontal plane, in accordance with FIG. 12. In this position, the problem described above occurs. Oil passes along the push rod into the cylinder head as shown in Figure 12.

The baffle 52 is intended to eliminate this problem in the manner illustrated in Figure 13. It is positioned so that oil cannot enter the space 88 between the baffle 52 and the rocker arm cover 50. Both holes 58 and 60 in the partition, by performing their function stated above, ensure the correct operation of the engine even in the changed position of the engine according to figure 5.

In this upturned position of the engine, the carburettor also poses a problem. Figures 14 to 17 schematically illustrate the problem and the solution to eliminate it.

Figure 14 schematically shows the carburettor in the position it occupies when the engine is in the position for which it is designed, that is to say in the position where the output engine axis is horizontal, in accordance with Figure 4. The float noted 90, depending on the level of gasoline 92 in the tank 94 causes via the regulating mechanism indicated by the reference 96, the arrival of gasoline if the level of the gasoline drops. In order to be able to accomplish this function of regulating the level of the gasoline in the tank 94, the float must therefore be immersed in the gasoline or at least be in contact with the gasoline.

Figure 15 shows the carburettor, schematically in its position when the engine is mounted on the frame, with its axis now oriented vertically. In this position of the carburettor, also turned by 90°, there is the effect shown in figure 14. The gasoline escapes from the tank and the float can no longer perform its function indicated above. To solve the problem thus produced and allow the carburettor to perform its function correctly again, the invention proposes to reposition the carburettor in a position in which it has returned by 90° to the position it had before the change of position. of the engine, then 45° in the plane of the pivoting of the grinding machine, but in the direction opposite to this pivoting of the machine, so that, when the latter is in its vertical position, the carburettor is inclined 45° in accordance with figure 16. It emerges from this figure that in this position, the float 90 is still bathed in gasoline 92.

Figure 17 shows the carburettor in the position it has when the machine is in its position of maximum inclination of figure 3, that is to say inclined by 90° with respect to its position of figure 14 Thus, between the positions of Figures 14 and 17, the carburettor has undergone a pivoting through an angle of 45 + 60°, that is to say 105°, which is the maximum angle of inclination of the machine.

This repositioning is carried out using the repositioning part 98 called the carburettor pipe and illustrated in FIGS. 18 to 21, which make it possible to understand the configuration of this part. Figures 22 and 23 illustrate the assembly of the carburetor pipe on the engine to ensure the repositioning of the carburetor. FIG. 22 shows the flange 100 for installing the carburettor on the engine, in its initial state. In Figure 23, we see the carburetor pipe mounted on this flange 100, after removal of the carburetor. This will be fixed on the free flange 106 of the pipe. This is formed by a hollow body 104 comprising at each end a flange, one of which, namely the flange 106, is intended for fixing the carburettor while the other flange 102 serves as a fixing flange on the flange. 100 of the engine. The references 108 and 109 designate the opening orifices respectively of the flanges 102 and 106 of the pipe 98 which are therefore in communication through the flange body 104.

Figures 18 to 21 show that the two flanges 102 and 106 of the pipe are angularly offset by a 90° pivot to return it to the position it had before it was put in place in its vertical axis position, then to a pivoting of 45° so that the carburettor is in its position of figure 16 in which it is centered around the axis of inclination of the machine.

The device 22 for turning the machine 180° around a vertical axis will be described below, making it possible, after grinding one side of the head of the rail, to grind the other side, without removing the machine from the rail, i.e. the machine remains supported on the rail during the reversal.

To this end, the crutch device 22 comprises a leg 110 which is mounted under the frame, so as to be able to pivot, when the machine is in its vertical position, around a horizontal axis between a retracted position and a position of support on the rail, and a lever 112 for controlling the pivoting of the stand between its retracted position and its support position. The lever, in its retracted position, extends upwards so as to be operable by the foot of the operator as shown in Figure 24. The lever 112 is fixed at 114 to the leg 110.

As shown in the figures, the leg 110 is composed of three parts, namely a stirrup part 116 in the shape of a U adapted to rest on the head of the rail by engaging on the latter, a part 118 also U-shaped, which is mounted on the stirrup 116, rotatable about an axis 120 oriented in the longitudinal direction of the leg, and a piece 122, also U-shaped, which is intended to be fixed under the frame of the machine and which is articulated at the ends of the branches 114 of the intermediate piece 118 so as to be able to pivot around an axis perpendicular to the leg and to the rail, formed by pins 124. It is note that the branches of the stirrup 118 and of the intermediate piece 116 are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the leg and the axis of rotation 120 which connects them is located in the bases 126 and 127 respectively of the stirrup and of the intermediate piece.

Regarding the operation of the stand 22, when the machine is grinding one side of the rail, that is to say a side of the head, it is in its retracted position according to Figure 1 and Figure 24, it that is, the leg extends substantially horizontally and the lever 112 points upward. After grinding the flank of the mushroom, and after having tilted the stand 22 into its vertical position, the operator can turn the machine 180° to grind the other flank. To this end, he pivots the lever 112, by actuating it with his foot, downwards and thus causes the pivoting of the leg 110 around the axis of articulation 124 to the chassis from its retracted position into its position of support, perpendicular to the rail. In this position, the stirrup 118 bears against the mushroom. This pivoting causes the machine to be raised to a height above the rail as shown in Figure 26, allowing the operator to turn it 180°. Figure 27 illustrates the machine after the rollover. It should be noted that during the pivoting the machine is resting on the rail and therefore supported by the latter and the operator can simply carry out the reversal without having to carry the machine. The reversal axis then extends vertically.

After the reversal, the operator will return the stand to its retracted position by exerting a sudden force on the machine in the longitudinal direction of the rail, advantageously under the effect of a return spring. The machine then returns to its normal position of support on the rail by its rollers 10, in accordance with figure 28.

For complete grinding of the flank, the operator then pivots the machine around the rail between its vertical position in figure 2 and the position of maximum inclination of 105° in the example given according to figure 3. During this grinding of the flank, the machine rests on the rail thanks to the wheels 18 and their circular discs 19.

To prevent the machine from tilting beyond the tolerated limit angle, that is to say 15° beyond this limit, the machine is equipped with a tilt device 126. Figure 29 illustrates this device, which comprises a tube 128 in which is placed a ball 130 which can move axially in the tube according to the angle of inclination of the tube. At one end of the latter is arranged an electrical contact 135 which is connected to ground. When the motor tilts too much, the ball moves in the tube and comes into contact with the electrical contact, which causes the motor to cut out.

The tilt device can be placed on the engine at any suitable location and is advantageously suspended between four springs 134, as shown in Figure 26. The position of the tilt is adjustable in position thanks to a pin 136 of the device, which is engaged in an oblong hole in the device support structure.

Of course, multiple modifications can be made to the machine, without departing from the protective framework. It should be noted that any other motor can be used in place of motor 14, provided appropriate modifications are then made to allow it to function properly within the range of machine tilt angles required for profile grinding. of the head of the rail.

Claims (12)

Machine for grinding the profile of the head of a rail of a railroad track, comprising a frame movable on the rail (3) to be ground and capable of pivoting around the rail to allow grinding of the running face of the rail and first from one side thereof and, after turning the machine over by an angle of 180 °, from the other side, the frame being provided with a grinding disc (12), a motor (14) for driving the disk in rotation and a device (16) for actuating the pivoting by an operator, characterized in that the machine (1) comprises a stand device (22), movable by the operator between a retracted position and a working position in which he is resting on the rail (3), and in that, in its working position, the device lifts the machine above the rail to allow the overturning of 180 ° of the machine. Grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the stand device (22) comprises a leg (110), one end of which is articulated by a horizontal axis (124) and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail when the machine is in its vertical position, under the frame (3), and which carries at its other end a foot part (116) configured to be able to bear on the rail and which is mounted, rotating about the longitudinal axis of the leg, and a lever (112) for controlling the pivoting of the leg (110) around its axis of articulation (124) to the frame, from its retracted position to its position of support on the rail. Grinding machine according to Claim 2, characterized in that the foot (116) is produced in the form of a U-shaped part adapted to engage on the head of the rail. Grinding machine according to one of Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the stand device (22) is capable of being brought out of its bearing position by a sudden force for moving the machine in the direction displacement thereof, applied by the operator. Grinding machine according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the stand device (22) comprises a return spring in its retracted position. Grinding machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the motor (12) is a four-stroke gasoline engine. Grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the motor (14) is a motor designed to operate in a position in which its output axis (42) is oriented horizontally and in which the fuel is dispensed by gravity, and in that the motor is mounted on the frame (3) in a position in which the output shaft (42) is oriented vertically when the machine is in its vertical position, and in that modifications are made to that the motor can operate in this new position in positions of inclination of the machine from its vertical position of the machine, up to an angle advantageously of 105 °. Grinding machine according to Claim 7, characterized in that the fuel tank (44) is repositioned so as to be placed above the motor (14) in all the working positions of the machine. Grinding machine according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that a partition (52) is arranged between the original face of the rocker arm cover (50) on the engine and the rocker arm cover (52 ), which has the function of preventing in particular the flow of oil into the carburetor. Grinding machine according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the carburetor is repositioned in an inclined position of 90 ° in the plane of the pivoting of the motor in its position with a vertical outlet axis, and of 45 ° in the machine pivot plane around the rail. Grinding machine according to Claim 10, characterized in that the carburetor is repositioned by means of an intermediate piece (98), which is mounted on the original mounting face of the carburetor, by a fixing flange (106 ) and on the other mounting flange (102) of which the carburetor is mounted. Grinding machine according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it comprises a tilt device (126) for detecting a position of inclination of the machine in its grinding position, beyond l angle of inclination limit.