FR3090737A1 - Exhaust line and associated control method - Google Patents
Exhaust line and associated control method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR3090737A1 FR3090737A1 FR1873794A FR1873794A FR3090737A1 FR 3090737 A1 FR3090737 A1 FR 3090737A1 FR 1873794 A FR1873794 A FR 1873794A FR 1873794 A FR1873794 A FR 1873794A FR 3090737 A1 FR3090737 A1 FR 3090737A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- oxidation device
- burnt gases
- exhaust line
- particulate filter
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
- F02D41/405—Multiple injections with post injections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/025—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus by changing the composition of the exhaust gas, e.g. for exothermic reaction on exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1404—Exhaust gas temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1439—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
- F02D41/1441—Plural sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
- F02D41/1447—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures with determination means using an estimation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
Lâinvention concerne une ligne dâĂ©chappement (30) dâun moteur (1) comportant : - un dispositif dâoxydation (33), et, en aval de celui-ci, un filtre Ă particules (36), - une unitĂ© de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©ratures dĂ©terminant la tempĂ©rature en entrĂ©e du filtre, et - une unitĂ© de commande (40) estimant une premiĂšre quantitĂ© de carburant Ă injecter dans le moteur pour rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©rer le filtre, en fonction de l'Ă©cart entre une tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e du filtre et la tempĂ©rature en entrĂ©e dudit filtre. LâunitĂ© de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©ratures dĂ©termine la tempĂ©rature en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation, et lâunitĂ© de commande dĂ©termine un facteur de limitation en fonction de ladite tempĂ©rature en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation, pour pondĂ©rer ladite premiĂšre quantitĂ© de carburant et obtenir la quantitĂ© exacte de carburant Ă injecter dans le moteur. Lâinvention concerne aussi un procĂ©dĂ© de pilotage dâun moteur Ă combustion interne comportant une telle ligne dâĂ©chappement. Figure 1The invention relates to an exhaust line (30) of an engine (1) comprising: - an oxidation device (33), and, downstream of this, a particle filter (36), - a temperature determination unit determining the temperature at the input of the filter, and - a control unit (40) estimating a first quantity of fuel to be injected into the engine to regenerate the filter, as a function of the difference between a predetermined regeneration temperature of the filter and the temperature at the input of said filter. The temperature determination unit determines the temperature at the outlet from the oxidation device, and the control unit determines a limiting factor as a function of said temperature at the outlet from the oxidation device, for weighting said first quantity of fuel and get the exact amount of fuel to inject into the engine. The invention also relates to a method for controlling an internal combustion engine comprising such an exhaust line. Figure 1
Description
DescriptionDescription
Titre de l'invention : Ligne dâĂ©chappement et procĂ©dĂ© de pilotage associĂ©Title of the invention: Exhaust line and associated control method
Domaine technique de lâinventionTechnical field of the invention
[0001] La prĂ©sente invention concerne de maniĂšre gĂ©nĂ©rale la rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration des filtres Ă particules disposĂ©s dans les lignes dâĂ©chappement des moteurs Ă combustion.The present invention relates generally to the regeneration of particulate filters arranged in the exhaust lines of combustion engines.
[0002] Elle concerne plus particuliĂšrement une ligne dâĂ©chappement dâun moteur Ă combustion interne comportant :It more particularly relates to an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine comprising:
- un dispositif dâoxydation adaptĂ© Ă oxyder les hydrocarbures imbrĂ»lĂ©s,- an oxidation device suitable for oxidizing unburnt hydrocarbons,
- un filtre Ă particules disposĂ© en aval dudit dispositif dâoxydation dans le sens dâĂ©coulement des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s, adaptĂ© Ă stocker des particules de suies en suspension dans les gaz brĂ»lĂ©s et au sein duquel lesdites particules de suies peuvent ĂȘtre brĂ»lĂ©es lors dâune phase de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du filtre Ă particules,a particle filter placed downstream of said oxidation device in the direction of flow of the burnt gases, adapted to store soot particles in suspension in the burnt gases and within which said soot particles can be burnt during a regeneration phase of the particulate filter,
- une unité de détermination de températures adaptée à déterminer la température des gaz brûlés en entrée du filtre à particules, eta temperature determination unit adapted to determine the temperature of the burnt gases entering the particle filter, and
- une unité de commande adaptée à estimer une premiÚre quantité de carburant à injecter dans le moteur à combustion interne pour initier la phase de régénération du filtre à particules, ladite premiÚre quantité de carburant étant estimée en fonction de l'écart entre une température de régénération prédéterminée du filtre à particules et la température des gaz brûlés en entrée dudit filtre à particules.a control unit adapted to estimate a first quantity of fuel to be injected into the internal combustion engine to initiate the regeneration phase of the particle filter, said first quantity of fuel being estimated as a function of the difference between a regeneration temperature predetermined particle filter and the temperature of the burnt gases entering said particle filter.
[0003] Elle concerne aussi un procĂ©dĂ© de pilotage dâun moteur Ă combustion interne comportant une telle ligne dâĂ©chappement.It also relates to a method for controlling an internal combustion engine comprising such an exhaust line.
[0004] Lâinvention trouve une application particuliĂšrement avantageuse dans un moteur Ă combustion interne de type Diesel.The invention finds a particularly advantageous application in an internal combustion engine of the Diesel type.
Etat de la techniqueState of the art
[0005] Les moteurs Ă combustion interne, et plus particuliĂšrement les moteurs de type Diesel, rejettent dans l'atmosphĂšre des particules polluantes, des oxydes dâazote, du monoxyde de carbone et des hydrocarbures imbrĂ»lĂ©s dont on cherche Ă diminuer la quantitĂ©.Internal combustion engines, and more particularly diesel type engines, release into the atmosphere polluting particles, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons, the quantity of which is sought to be reduced.
[0006] Pour ce faire, et notamment pour diminuer les quantitĂ©s dâoxydes et dâhydrocarbures imbrĂ»lĂ©s, il est gĂ©nĂ©ralement prĂ©vu dans la ligne dâĂ©chappement du moteur un dispositif dâoxydation permettant dâoxyder lesdits oxydes et hydrocarbures imbrĂ»lĂ©s, de maniĂšre Ă diminuer leurs Ă©missions polluantes.To do this, and in particular to reduce the quantities of oxides and unburnt hydrocarbons, there is generally provided in the engine exhaust line an oxidation device making it possible to oxidize said oxides and unburned hydrocarbons, so as to reduce their polluting emissions.
[0007] Les particules, constituĂ©es des suies produites lors d'une combustion imparfaite dans la chambre de combustion du moteur, peuvent quant Ă elles ĂȘtre piĂ©gĂ©es dans un filtre Ă particules situĂ© dans la ligne d'Ă©chappement en aval dudit dispositif dâoxydation. Un tel filtre Ă particules est conçu de façon Ă pouvoir retenir les particules se trouvant dans les gaz brĂ»lĂ©s lorsque ceux-ci traversent le filtre Ă particules. Au fur et Ă mesure de l'utilisation du moteur, les particules s'accumulent dans le filtre Ă particules et finissent par entraĂźner une contre-pression importante Ă l'Ă©chappement du moteur, ce qui diminue considĂ©rablement les performances dudit moteur.Particles, made up of soot produced during imperfect combustion in the combustion chamber of the engine, can be trapped in a particulate filter located in the exhaust line downstream of said oxidation device. Such a particulate filter is designed so as to be able to retain the particles present in the burnt gases when these pass through the particulate filter. As the engine is used, the particles accumulate in the particle filter and eventually cause a significant back pressure on the engine exhaust, which considerably reduces the performance of said engine.
[0008] Afin de rétablir les performances du moteur, on sait pratiquer une régénération du filtre à particules par combustion des particules qui s'y sont accumulées. Cette opération de combustion est rendue possible par une élévation de la température interne du filtre à particules.In order to restore engine performance, it is known to practice regeneration of the particulate filter by combustion of the particles which have accumulated there. This combustion operation is made possible by raising the internal temperature of the particle filter.
[0009] Pour atteindre cette température dans le filtre à particules, on procÚde généralement à une injection retardée de carburant dans la chambre de combustion du moteur. On peut en particulier injecter du carburant juste aprÚs le point mort haut lors de la phase de détente et/ou nettement aprÚs le point mort haut.To reach this temperature in the particle filter, there is generally a delayed injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine. In particular, fuel can be injected just after top dead center during the expansion phase and / or clearly after top dead center.
[0010] Le carburant ainsi injectĂ© Ă retardement ne brĂ»le pas dans la chambre de combustion du moteur, mais est oxydĂ© dans le dispositif dâoxydation, ce qui a pour effet d'augmenter la tempĂ©rature des gaz traversant ensuite le filtre Ă particules. Cette augmentation de tempĂ©rature permet dâinitier la rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du filtre Ă particules.The fuel thus injected with delay does not burn in the combustion chamber of the engine, but is oxidized in the oxidizing device, which has the effect of increasing the temperature of the gases then passing through the particle filter. This temperature increase initiates regeneration of the particulate filter.
[0011] La rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du filtre Ă particules peut ĂȘtre faite pĂ©riodiquement au cours de phases de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration, dĂšs que la quantitĂ© de particules dans le filtre devient trop importante. Les phases de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration s'effectuent lorsque le moteur fonctionne, sans que le conducteur du vĂ©hicule en ait conscience.The regeneration of the particle filter can be done periodically during regeneration phases, as soon as the amount of particles in the filter becomes too large. The regeneration phases are carried out when the engine is running, without the driver of the vehicle being aware of it.
[0012] II est nécessaire de réguler avec précision les modalités d'injection de carburant initiant les phases de régénération, afin d'éviter que la combustion des particules ne s'emballe et entraßne une augmentation excessive de la température des gaz d'échappement, pouvant aboutir à une détérioration du filtre à particules.It is necessary to regulate precisely the fuel injection modalities initiating the regeneration phases, in order to prevent the combustion of the particles from racing and causing an excessive increase in the temperature of the exhaust gases, which could lead to deterioration of the particle filter.
[0013] Il est Ă©galement important de maĂźtriser lâinjection de carburant Ă retardement pour Ă©viter que lâoxydation des hydrocarbures imbrĂ»lĂ©s ne sâemballe dans le dispositif dâoxydation en entraĂźnant une augmentation de tempĂ©rature du dispositif dâoxydation telle quâelle dĂ©tĂ©riore ledit dispositif dâoxydation.It is also important to control the injection of delayed fuel to prevent the oxidation of unburnt hydrocarbons from getting carried away in the oxidation device by causing an increase in temperature of the oxidation device such that it deteriorates said oxidation device.
[0014] On connaĂźt pour cela du document LR2876733 une ligne dâĂ©chappement telle que dĂ©finie en introduction, dans laquelle lâunitĂ© de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©rature estime en outre la tempĂ©rature Ă lâintĂ©rieur du dispositif dâoxydation et dans laquelle lâunitĂ© de commande compare cette tempĂ©rature Ă une tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation du dispositif dâoxydation. Lorsque la tempĂ©rature interne du dispositif dâoxydation dĂ©passe la tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation, lâunitĂ© de commande agit pour modifier la quantitĂ© de carburant Ă injecter Ă retardement, ou pour retarder davantage lâinjection.Known for this from document LR2876733 an exhaust line as defined in the introduction, in which the temperature determination unit further estimates the temperature inside the oxidation device and in which the unit control unit compares this temperature to a degradation temperature of the oxidation device. When the internal temperature of the oxidation device exceeds the degradation temperature, the control unit acts to modify the amount of fuel to be injected late, or to further delay the injection.
[0015] Cependant, la ligne dâĂ©chappement de ce document LR2876733 nâempĂȘche pas que la tempĂ©rature interne du dispositif dâoxydation dĂ©passe la tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation.However, the exhaust line of this document LR2876733 does not prevent the internal temperature of the oxidation device from exceeding the degradation temperature.
Au contraire, ce document ne prĂ©voit dâagir sur lâinjection de carburant que lorsque cette tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©passĂ©e. Il nâest donc prĂ©vu de rĂ©guler lâinjection de carburant que lorsque la tempĂ©rature du dispositif dâoxydation a atteint, voire dĂ©passĂ©, la tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation, de sorte que la rĂ©gulation de lâinjection intervient trop tard, et Ă©ventuellement aprĂšs que le dispositif dâoxydation a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©gradĂ© par des tempĂ©ratures trop Ă©levĂ©es.On the contrary, this document only plans to act on the fuel injection when this degradation temperature has been exceeded. It is therefore planned to regulate the injection of fuel only when the temperature of the oxidation device has reached or even exceeded the degradation temperature, so that the regulation of the injection takes place too late, and possibly after that the oxidation device has been degraded by excessively high temperatures.
PrĂ©sentation de lâinventionPresentation of the invention
[0016] Afin de remĂ©dier Ă lâinconvĂ©nient prĂ©citĂ© de lâĂ©tat de la technique, la prĂ©sente invention propose une ligne dâĂ©chappement qui protĂšge le dispositif dâoxydation dâune surchauffe, tout en maintenant une rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration optimale du filtre Ă particules.To overcome the aforementioned drawback of the prior art, the present invention provides an exhaust line which protects the oxidation device from overheating, while maintaining optimal regeneration of the particulate filter .
[0017] Plus particuliĂšrement, on propose selon lâinvention une ligne dâĂ©chappement telle que dĂ©crite en introduction, dans laquelle lâunitĂ© de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©ratures est en outre adaptĂ©e Ă dĂ©terminer la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation, et lâunitĂ© de commande est adaptĂ©e Ă dĂ©terminer un facteur de limitation, fonction de ladite tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif de dâoxydation, et Ă pondĂ©rer ladite premiĂšre quantitĂ© de carburant avec ledit facteur de limitation pour obtenir la quantitĂ© exacte de carburant Ă injecter dans le moteur Ă combustion interne.More particularly, there is provided according to the invention an exhaust line as described in the introduction, in which the temperature determination unit is further adapted to determine the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device , and the control unit is adapted to determine a limiting factor, a function of said temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device, and to weight said first quantity of fuel with said limiting factor to obtain the exact quantity of fuel to be injected into the internal combustion engine.
[0018] Ainsi, la ligne dâĂ©chappement selon lâinvention rĂ©gule la quantitĂ© de carburant Ă injecter dans le moteur pour rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©rer le filtre Ă particules en fonction de la tempĂ©rature en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation et Ă©vite que la tempĂ©rature du dispositif dâoxydation ne dĂ©passe un seuil limite susceptible de le dĂ©tĂ©riorer.Thus, the exhaust line according to the invention regulates the amount of fuel to be injected into the engine to regenerate the particle filter as a function of the temperature at the outlet of the oxidation device and prevents the temperature of the device d oxidation does not exceed a limit threshold liable to deteriorate it.
[0019] Dâautres caractĂ©ristiques non limitatives et avantageuses de la ligne dâĂ©chappement conforme Ă lâinvention, prises individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles, sont les suivantes :Other non-limiting and advantageous characteristics of the exhaust line according to the invention, taken individually or in any technically possible combination, are the following:
- le dispositif de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©ratures comporte un premier capteur de tempĂ©rature disposĂ© sur la ligne dâĂ©chappement, Ă la sortie du dispositif dâoxydation et/ou un deuxiĂšme capteur de tempĂ©rature disposĂ© sur la ligne dâĂ©chappement, Ă lâentrĂ©e du filtre Ă particules ;- the temperature determination device comprises a first temperature sensor disposed on the exhaust line, at the outlet of the oxidation device and / or a second temperature sensor arranged on the exhaust line, at the inlet of the particle filter ;
- lâunitĂ© de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©ratures comporte une unitĂ© de calcul adaptĂ©e Ă estimer la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation en fonction dâau moins une tempĂ©rature mesurĂ©e en amont ;the temperature determination unit includes a calculation unit adapted to estimate the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device as a function of at least one temperature measured upstream;
- lâunitĂ© de commande est adaptĂ©e Ă dĂ©terminer le facteur de limitation de sorte quâil soit compris entre 0 et 1, en fonction dâun rĂ©sultat de comparaison entre la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation et au moins une tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e ;the control unit is adapted to determine the limiting factor so that it is between 0 and 1, as a function of a comparison result between the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device and at least a predetermined limit temperature;
- selon une premiĂšre possibilitĂ©, le facteur de limitation v aut 1 lorsque la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation est strictement infĂ©rieure Ă une tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e associĂ©e au dispositif dâoxydation, et vaut 0 lorsque la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation est supĂ©rieure ou Ă©gale Ă la tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e associĂ©e au dispositif dâoxydation ;- according to a first possibility, the limitation factor v aut 1 when the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device is strictly lower than a predetermined limit temperature associated with the oxidization device, and is equal to 0 when the temperature of the burnt gases at the outlet of the oxidation device is greater than or equal to the predetermined limit temperature associated with the oxidation device;
- selon une deuxiĂšme possibilitĂ©, le facteur de limitation vaut 1 lorsque la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation est infĂ©rieure ou Ă©gale Ă une premiĂšre tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e associĂ©e au dispositif dâoxydation, vaut 0 lorsque la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation est supĂ©rieure ou Ă©gale Ă une deuxiĂšme tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e associĂ©e au dispositif dâoxydation, est dĂ©terminĂ© par une fonction continue et dĂ©croissante lorsque la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation est comprise entre lesdites premiĂšre et deuxiĂšme tempĂ©ratures limites prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©es associĂ©es au dispositif dâoxydation ; - il est en outre prĂ©vu un dispositif de rĂ©duction sĂ©lective adaptĂ© Ă rĂ©duire les oxydes dâazote prĂ©sents dans les gaz brĂ»lĂ©s, disposĂ© en aval du dispositif dâoxydation ;- According to a second possibility, the limiting factor is 1 when the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device is less than or equal to a first predetermined limit temperature associated with the oxidizing device, is 0 when the temperature of the burnt gases at the outlet of the oxidizing device is greater than or equal to a second predetermined limit temperature associated with the oxidizing device, is determined by a continuous and decreasing function when the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidizing device is between said first and second predetermined limit temperatures associated with the oxidation device; - There is also provided a selective reduction device adapted to reduce the nitrogen oxides present in the burnt gases, arranged downstream of the oxidation device;
[0020] - le dispositif de réduction sélective est disposé au choix : en aval du filtre à particules, en amont du filtre à particules, ou encore au niveau du filtre à particules de maniÚre combiné à ce dernier.- the selective reduction device is arranged as desired: downstream of the particulate filter, upstream of the particulate filter, or even at the level of the particulate filter in a manner combined with the latter.
[0021] Lâinvention propose Ă©galement un procĂ©dĂ© de pilotage dâun moteur Ă combustion interne qui comporte une ligne dâĂ©chappement de gaz brĂ»lĂ©s Ă©quipĂ©e, dans le sens dâĂ©coulement des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s, dâun dispositif dâoxydation et dâun filtre Ă particules, selon, lequel il est prĂ©vu, lors dâune phase de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration dudit filtre Ă particules, de :The invention also provides a method of controlling an internal combustion engine which comprises a burnt gas exhaust line equipped, in the direction of flow of the burnt gases, with an oxidation device and d '' a particulate filter, according to which, during a regeneration phase of said particulate filter, provision is made for:
- déterminer la température des gaz brûlés en entrée du filtre à particules,- determine the temperature of the burnt gases entering the particulate filter,
- comparer la température des gaz brûlés en entrée du filtre à particules à une température de régénération prédéterminée du filtre à particules,- compare the temperature of the burnt gases entering the particulate filter with a predetermined regeneration temperature of the particulate filter,
- estimer une premiÚre quantité de carburant à injecter dans le moteur à combustion interne en fonction du résultat de ladite comparaison de températures, dans lequel il est en outre prévu de- estimate a first quantity of fuel to be injected into the internal combustion engine as a function of the result of said temperature comparison, in which provision is also made for
- dĂ©terminer la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation,- determine the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device,
- dĂ©terminer un facteur de limitation en fonction de la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif de dâoxydation, et- determine a limiting factor as a function of the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device, and
- multiplier ledit facteur de limitation Ă ladite premiĂšre quantitĂ© de carburant pour obtenir la quantitĂ© exacte de carburant Ă injecter dans le moteur Ă combustion interne. Description dĂ©taillĂ©e de lâinvention- multiply said limiting factor to said first quantity of fuel to obtain the exact quantity of fuel to be injected into the internal combustion engine. Detailed description of the invention
[0022] La description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexĂ©s, donnĂ©s Ă titre dâexemples non limitatifs, fera bien comprendre en quoi consiste lâinvention et comment elle peut ĂȘtre rĂ©alisĂ©e.The description which follows with reference to the accompanying drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be carried out.
[0023] Sur les dessins annexés :In the accompanying drawings:
[0024] [fig.l] reprĂ©sente schĂ©matiquement un bloc-moteur et une ligne dâĂ©chappement selon lâinvention ;[Fig.l] schematically shows an engine block and an exhaust line according to the invention;
[0025] [fig.2] reprĂ©sente schĂ©matiquement un premier mode de mise en Ćuvre dâun procĂ©dĂ© de pilotage du bloc-moteur de la figure 1 ;[Fig.2] schematically shows a first mode of implementation of a control method of the engine block of Figure 1;
[0026] [fig.3] reprĂ©sente schĂ©matiquement un deuxiĂšme mode de mise en Ćuvre dâun procĂ©dĂ© de de pilotage du bloc-moteur de la figure 1.[FIG. 3] schematically represents a second mode of implementation of a method for controlling the engine block of FIG. 1.
[0027] Dans la description, les termes « amont » et « aval » seront utilisĂ©s suivant le sens de lâĂ©coulement des gaz, depuis le point de prĂ©lĂšvement des gaz frais dans lâatmosphĂšre jusquâĂ la sortie des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s hors du moteur.In the description, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" will be used according to the direction of flow of the gases, from the point of withdrawal of the fresh gases in the atmosphere until the outlet of the burnt gases out of the engine.
[0028] Lâinvention sâapplique Ă tout type de moteurs Ă combustion interne rejetant des particules polluantes Ă filtrer, et plus prĂ©cisĂ©ment Ă tout type de moteurs Ă combustion interne Ă allumage par compression (Diesel).The invention applies to any type of internal combustion engine rejecting polluting particles to be filtered, and more precisely to any type of internal combustion engine with compression ignition (Diesel).
[0029] Comme le montrent les figures 1 et 2, un tel moteur Ă combustion interne 1 comprend classiquement un bloc-moteur 10 pourvu de plusieurs cylindres 11, par exemple de quatre cylindres.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, such an internal combustion engine 1 conventionally comprises an engine block 10 provided with several cylinders 11, for example four cylinders.
[0030] En amont des cylindres 11, le moteur Ă combustion interne 1 comporte une ligne dâadmission 20 qui prĂ©lĂšve l'air frais dans lâatmosphĂšre et qui amĂšne et rĂ©partit cet air frais dans chacun des cylindres 11 du bloc-moteur 10.Upstream of the cylinders 11, the internal combustion engine 1 has an intake line 20 which takes fresh air from the atmosphere and which brings and distributes this fresh air in each of the cylinders 11 of the engine block 10 .
[0031] En aval des cylindres 11, le moteur Ă combustion interne 1 comporte une ligne d'Ă©chappement 30 de gaz brĂ»lĂ©s qui collecte les gaz brĂ»lĂ©s qui sortent de chacun des cylindres 11 et qui les Ă©vacue dans lâatmosphĂšre aprĂšs les avoir traitĂ©s et filtrĂ©s. Cette ligne d'Ă©chappement 30 est Ă cet effet Ă©quipĂ©e d'un dispositif dâoxydation 33 disposĂ© en aval des chambres de combustion des cylindres 11, et d'un filtre Ă particules 36 disposĂ© lui-mĂȘme en aval du dispositif dâoxydation 33. Comme le montre la figure 1, la ligne dâĂ©chappement 30 comporte en outre, ici, un collecteur dâĂ©chappement 31 situĂ© directement en aval des chambres de combustion des cylindres 11, et une turbine 32 dâun turbocompresseur 32, lequel compresseur 32 permet de comprimer lâair frais avant quâil ne dĂ©bouche dans les cylindres 11.Downstream of the cylinders 11, the internal combustion engine 1 comprises an exhaust line 30 of burnt gases which collects the burnt gases which exit from each of the cylinders 11 and which discharges them into the atmosphere after having treated them and filtered. This exhaust line 30 is for this purpose equipped with an oxidation device 33 disposed downstream of the combustion chambers of the cylinders 11, and a particle filter 36 itself disposed downstream of the oxidation device 33 As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust line 30 further includes, here, an exhaust manifold 31 located directly downstream of the combustion chambers of the cylinders 11, and a turbine 32 of a turbocharger 32, which compressor 32 makes it possible to compress the fresh air before it opens into the cylinders 11.
[0032] Le moteur Ă combustion interne 1 comporte Ă©galement des injecteurs de carburant qui dĂ©bouchent dans les cylindres 11 du bloc-moteur 10 ou, en variante, en amont des cylindres 11, dans la ligne dâadmission 20.The internal combustion engine 1 also includes fuel injectors which open into the cylinders 11 of the engine block 10 or, as a variant, upstream of the cylinders 11, in the intake line 20.
[0033] Le moteur à combustion interne comporte en outre une unité de commande 40 adaptée à piloter les différents organes du moteur, en particulier ici les injecteurs de carburant.The internal combustion engine further comprises a control unit 40 adapted to drive the various components of the engine, in particular here the fuel injectors.
[0034] Le dispositif dâoxydation 33 qui Ă©quipe la ligne d'Ă©chappement 30 est ici un catalyseur dâoxydation adaptĂ© Ă oxyder en continu les hydrocarbures imbrĂ»lĂ©s HC et le monoxyde de carbone CO contenus dans les gaz qui le traversent.The oxidation device 33 which equips the exhaust line 30 is here an oxidation catalyst adapted to continuously oxidize the unburnt hydrocarbons HC and the carbon monoxide CO contained in the gases which pass through it.
[0035] En variante, le dispositif dâoxydation qui Ă©quipe la ligne d'Ă©chappement pourrait ĂȘtre un piĂšge Ă oxydes dâazote adaptĂ© Ă stocker et rĂ©duire les oxydes dâazote NOx qui le traversent en dioxyde dâazote NO2 et eau H2O. Un tel piĂšge Ă oxydes dâazote est Ă©galement adaptĂ© Ă oxyder les monoxydes dâazote NO qui le traversent en dioxyde dâazote NO2 et les hydrocarbures imbrĂ»lĂ©s HC en dioxyde de carbone CO2 et eau H2O.Alternatively, the oxidation device which equips the exhaust line could be a nitrogen oxide trap suitable for storing and reducing the nitrogen oxides NOx which pass through it into nitrogen dioxide NO 2 and water H 2 O. Such a nitrogen oxide trap is also suitable for oxidizing the NO nitrogen monoxides which pass through it to nitrogen dioxide NO 2 and the unburnt hydrocarbons HC to carbon dioxide CO 2 and water H 2 O.
[0036] Le filtre à particules 36 comporte ici une architecture classique, avec un faisceau de tubes parallÚles poreux, alternativement fermés en entrée et en sortie du filtre. Cette architecture permet de forcer le passage des gaz brûlés au travers des parois poreuses des tubes afin de retenir les particules polluantes contenus dans les gaz brûlés.The particle filter 36 here comprises a conventional architecture, with a bundle of porous parallel tubes, alternately closed at the inlet and at the outlet of the filter. This architecture makes it possible to force the passage of the burnt gases through the porous walls of the tubes in order to retain the polluting particles contained in the burnt gases.
[0037] Le filtre Ă particules 36 fonctionne de maniĂšre sĂ©quentielle : pendant le fonctionnement classique du moteur Ă combustion interne 1, il stocke les particules de suie sans les traiter, et pendant une phase de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration initiĂ©e par une augmentation de sa tempĂ©rature au-delĂ dâune tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e, les particules de suies qui y sont accumulĂ©es sont brĂ»lĂ©es.The particulate filter 36 operates sequentially: during the conventional operation of the internal combustion engine 1, it stores the soot particles without treating them, and during a regeneration phase initiated by an increase in its temperature beyond at a predetermined regeneration temperature, the soot particles which accumulate there are burned.
[0038] Dans la ligne dâĂ©chappement 30 selon lâinvention, câest le dispositif dâoxydation 33 qui permet de gĂ©nĂ©rer la chaleur nĂ©cessaire Ă lâinitiation de la phase de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du filtre Ă particules 36.In the exhaust line 30 according to the invention, it is the oxidation device 33 which generates the heat necessary for initiating the regeneration phase of the particulate filter 36.
[0039] Plus prĂ©cisĂ©ment, le dispositif dâoxydation 33 gĂ©nĂšre une augmentation de tempĂ©rature lors de lâoxydation des hydrocarbures imbrĂ»lĂ©s HC. La chaleur gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©e se propage jusquâau filtre Ă particules 36, le long de la conduite 35 reliant ledit dispositif dâoxydation 33 audit filtre Ă particules 36.More specifically, the oxidation device 33 generates an increase in temperature during the oxidation of unburnt HC hydrocarbons. The heat generated propagates to the particle filter 36, along the pipe 35 connecting said oxidation device 33 to said particle filter 36.
[0040] En pratique, pour gĂ©nĂ©rer la chaleur nĂ©cessaire pour que le filtre Ă particules 36 atteigne sa tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e et initie la phase de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration, il convient dâinjecter dans les cylindres 11 du moteur une quantitĂ© exacte QF de carburant, de maniĂšre retardĂ©e, câest-Ă -dire juste aprĂšs le point mort haut lors de la phase de dĂ©tente et/ou nettement aprĂšs le point mort haut. Ce carburant injectĂ© Ă retardement dans les cylindres 11 du moteur nâest pas brĂ»lĂ© dans les cylindres et les hydrocarbures imbrĂ»lĂ©s HC quâil contient passent alors dans le dispositif dâoxydation 33 oĂč ils sont oxydĂ©s en gĂ©nĂ©rant un fort dĂ©gagement de chaleur.In practice, to generate the heat necessary for the particle filter 36 to reach its predetermined regeneration temperature and initiate the regeneration phase, it is necessary to inject into the cylinders 11 of the engine an exact quantity Q F of fuel, in a delayed manner, that is to say just after the top dead center during the expansion phase and / or clearly after the top dead center. This fuel injected late in the cylinders 11 of the engine is not burnt in the cylinders and the unburnt hydrocarbons HC which it contains then pass through the oxidation device 33 where they are oxidized, generating a strong release of heat.
[0041] Pour estimer convenablement la quantitĂ© exacte QF de carburant Ă injecter Ă retardement dans les cylindres 11, la ligne dâĂ©chappement 30 comprend une unitĂ© de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©ratures adaptĂ©e Ă dĂ©terminer la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en entrĂ©e du filtre Ă particules 36, et une unitĂ© de commande 40 adaptĂ©e Ă estimer une premiĂšre quantitĂ© de carburant Qo Ă injecter en fonction de l'Ă©cart entre la tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e du filtre Ă particules 36 et la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en entrĂ©e dudit filtre Ă particules 36.To properly estimate the exact quantity Q F of fuel to be delayed injection into the cylinders 11, the exhaust line 30 includes a temperature determination unit adapted to determine the temperature of the burnt gases entering the particulate filter 36 , and a control unit 40 adapted to estimate a first quantity of fuel Q o to be injected as a function of the difference between the predetermined regeneration temperature of the particle filter 36 and the temperature of the burnt gases at the input of said particle filter 36.
[0042] En pratique, comme le montre la figure 1, lâunitĂ© de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©ratures comporte ici un capteur de tempĂ©rature 37 disposĂ© sur la ligne dâĂ©chappement 30 en amont du filtre Ă particules 36, sur la conduite 35 au niveau de lâentrĂ©e dudit filtre Ă particules 36. Ce capteur de tempĂ©rature 37 permet de mesurer avec une bonne fiabilitĂ© la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en entrĂ©e du filtre Ă particules.In practice, as shown in Figure 1, the temperature determination unit here comprises a temperature sensor 37 disposed on the exhaust line 30 upstream of the particulate filter 36, on the pipe 35 at the inlet of said particulate filter 36. This temperature sensor 37 makes it possible to measure with good reliability the temperature of the burnt gases entering the particulate filter.
[0043] En variante, il est aussi possible dâestimer avec une prĂ©cision voisine ladite tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en entrĂ©e du filtre Ă particules par un modĂšle, par exemple Ă partir dâune mesure de la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33 et dâun calcul des pertes thermiques par conduction linĂ©aire et par convection le long de la conduite 35 entre la sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33 et lâentrĂ©e du filtre Ă particules 36.As a variant, it is also possible to estimate with a similar precision said temperature of the burnt gases entering the particle filter by a model, for example from a measurement of the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the device. of oxidation 33 and a calculation of the heat losses by linear conduction and by convection along the pipe 35 between the outlet of the oxidation device 33 and the inlet of the particle filter 36.
[0044] De maniĂšre remarquable, dans la ligne dâĂ©chappement 30 selon lâinvention, il est en outre prĂ©vu que lâunitĂ© de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©ratures soit adaptĂ©e Ă dĂ©terminer la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33, et que lâunitĂ© de commande 40 soit adaptĂ©e Ă dĂ©terminer un facteur de limitation « f » en fonction de la tempĂ©rature de des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33, et Ă pondĂ©rer ladite premiĂšre quantitĂ© de carburant Qo avec ledit facteur de limitation « f » pour obtenir la quantitĂ© exacte QF de carburant Ă injecter dans les cylindres 11 du moteur.Remarkably, in the exhaust line 30 according to the invention, it is further provided that the temperature determination unit is adapted to determine the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device 33, and that the control unit 40 is adapted to determine a limiting factor "f" as a function of the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device 33, and to weight said first quantity of fuel Q o with said factor limitation "f" to obtain the exact quantity Q F of fuel to be injected into the cylinders 11 of the engine.
[0045] Ici, pour dĂ©terminer la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33, lâunitĂ© de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©ratures comporte un capteur de tempĂ©rature 38 disposĂ© sur la conduite 35, au niveau de la sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33. Ce capteur de tempĂ©rature 38 permet de mesurer avec une bonne fiabilitĂ© la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33.Here, to determine the temperature of the burnt gases at the outlet of the oxidation device 33, the temperature determination unit comprises a temperature sensor 38 disposed on the pipe 35, at the outlet of the oxidation device 33. This temperature sensor 38 makes it possible to measure with good reliability the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device 33.
[0046] En variante, il est envisageable que lâunitĂ© de dĂ©termination de tempĂ©ratures comprenne une unitĂ© de calcul adaptĂ©e Ă estimer la tempĂ©rature en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation en fonction de divers paramĂštres de la ligne dâĂ©chappement, notamment dâau moins une autre tempĂ©rature mesurĂ©e par capteur en amont de ladite sortie du dispositif dâoxydation.As a variant, it is conceivable that the temperature determination unit includes a calculation unit adapted to estimate the temperature at the outlet of the oxidation device as a function of various parameters of the exhaust line, in particular of minus another temperature measured by sensor upstream of said outlet of the oxidation device.
[0047] Comme le montre la figure 1, lâunitĂ© de commande 40 est adaptĂ©e Ă communiquer avec le capteur de tempĂ©rature 37 pour rĂ©cupĂ©rer la tempĂ©rature en entrĂ©e du filtre Ă particules 36.As shown in Figure 1, the control unit 40 is adapted to communicate with the temperature sensor 37 to recover the temperature at the input of the particulate filter 36.
[0048] LâunitĂ© de commande 40 a en outre en mĂ©moire la tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e du filtre Ă particules. Il sâagit par exemple dâune valeur de tempĂ©rature prĂ©enregistrĂ©e dans lâunitĂ© de commande 40, Ă laquelle la rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du filtre Ă particules se fait avec un bon rendement et sans risque de dĂ©tĂ©rioration des composants du moteur Ă combustion interne. Cette valeur de tempĂ©rature peut ĂȘtre constante ou au contraire dĂ©pendre de la quantitĂ© de particules de suie Ă brĂ»ler et de la quantitĂ© dâoxygĂšne prĂ©sente dans le filtre Ă particules 36. Dans ce second cas, le filtre Ă particules peut ĂȘtre Ă©quipĂ© dâun capteur dâoxygĂšne et de moyens de dĂ©termination de lâencrassement du filtre Ă particules, par exemple dâun capteur de pression. La valeur de tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration peut alors ĂȘtre enregistrĂ©e dans un tableau dont les entrĂ©es sont la quantitĂ© dâoxygĂšne et lâencrassement du filtre, et la sortie la tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du filtre Ă particules.The control unit 40 also has in memory the predetermined regeneration temperature of the particle filter. This is for example a temperature value prerecorded in the control unit 40, at which the regeneration of the particulate filter is done with good efficiency and without risk of deterioration of the components of the internal combustion engine. This temperature value can be constant or on the contrary depend on the quantity of soot particles to be burned and on the quantity of oxygen present in the particle filter 36. In this second case, the particle filter can be equipped with a oxygen sensor and means for determining the fouling of the particulate filter, for example a pressure sensor. The regeneration temperature value can then be recorded in a table whose inputs are the quantity of oxygen and the fouling of the filter, and the output the regeneration temperature of the particulate filter.
[0049] A lâaide dâun outil de calcul de type « sommateur », lâunitĂ© de commande 40 est adaptĂ©e Ă comparer la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en entrĂ©e du filtre Ă particules 36 Ă la tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e du filtre Ă particules 36 de maniĂšre Ă dĂ©terminer un Ă©cart el entre lesdites tempĂ©ratures. En fonction de cet Ă©cart ΔÎ, Ă lâaide dâun rĂ©gulateur de type proportionnel intĂ©gral dĂ©rivĂ© (PID), lâunitĂ© de commande 40 est adaptĂ©e Ă estimer la premiĂšre quantitĂ© Qo de carburant Ă injecter dans le moteur.Using a âsummingâ type calculation tool, the control unit 40 is adapted to compare the temperature of the burnt gases at the inlet of the particulate filter 36 with the predetermined regeneration temperature of the filter particles 36 so as to determine a difference el between said temperatures. As a function of this difference ΔÎ, using a derivative integral proportional type regulator (PID), the control unit 40 is adapted to estimate the first quantity Q o of fuel to be injected into the engine.
[0050] Cette premiĂšre Ă©tape vise Ă ce que la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s au sein du filtre Ă particules 36 atteigne la tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration. Elle ne tient en revanche pas compte dâun temps de latence entre lâinjection de carburant dans les cylindres et lâaugmentation effective de tempĂ©rature dans le filtre Ă particules. Le risque est alors dâinjecter trop de carburant et de dĂ©passer la tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration, ce qui pourrait sâavĂ©rer destructeur pour les composants de la ligne dâĂ©chappement 30.This first step aims to ensure that the temperature of the burnt gases within the particle filter 36 reaches the regeneration temperature. However, it does not take into account a lag time between the injection of fuel into the cylinders and the actual temperature increase in the particulate filter. The risk is then to inject too much fuel and exceed the regeneration temperature, which could prove destructive for the components of the exhaust line 30.
[0051] Pour Ă©viter cela, lâunitĂ© de commande 40 est ensuite adaptĂ©e Ă modifier la premiĂšre quantitĂ© Qo de carburant quâelle a estimĂ©e, pour obtenir la quantitĂ© exacte QF de carburant quâil convient finalement dâinjecter dans les cylindres 11 du moteur pour initier la phase de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du filtre Ă particules 36. Plus prĂ©cisĂ©ment, pour ce faire, cette premiĂšre quantitĂ© Qo de carburant est pondĂ©rĂ©e par le facteur de limitation « f », la multiplication dudit facteur de limitation « f » et de la premiĂšre quantitĂ© Qo conduisant Ă lâobtention de la quantitĂ© exacte QF de carburant Ă injecter dans le moteur.To avoid this, the control unit 40 is then adapted to modify the first quantity Q o of fuel which it has estimated, in order to obtain the exact quantity Q F of fuel which it is ultimately advisable to inject into the cylinders 11 of the engine to initiate the regeneration phase of the particulate filter 36. More precisely, to do this, this first quantity Q o of fuel is weighted by the limiting factor "f", the multiplication of said limiting factor "f" and of the first quantity Q o leading to obtaining the exact quantity Q F of fuel to be injected into the engine.
[0052] LâunitĂ© de commande 40 est adaptĂ©e Ă dĂ©terminer le facteur de limitation « f » de sorte quâil soit compris entre 0 et 1. Plus prĂ©cisĂ©ment, elle est adaptĂ©e Ă communiquer avec le capteur de tempĂ©rature 38 pour rĂ©cupĂ©rer la tempĂ©rature en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33 (vor figure 1), puis Ă dĂ©terminer le facteur de limitation « f » en fonction du rĂ©sultat de la comparaison entre cette tempĂ©rature et au moins une tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e quâelle a en mĂ©moire.The control unit 40 is adapted to determine the limiting factor "f" so that it is between 0 and 1. More specifically, it is adapted to communicate with the temperature sensor 38 to recover the temperature at the output of the oxidation device 33 (see FIG. 1), then in determining the limiting factor "f" as a function of the result of the comparison between this temperature and at least one predetermined limit temperature which it has in memory.
[0053] Cette tempĂ©rature limite est choisie en fonction de la tempĂ©rature au-delĂ de laquelle le dispositif dâoxydation 33 risque de se dĂ©grader.This limit temperature is chosen as a function of the temperature above which the oxidation device 33 risks degrading.
[0054] En pratique, lâunitĂ© de commande 40 a en mĂ©moire au moins un tableau ou un graphique donnant le facteur de limitation « f » directement en fonction de la tempĂ©rature (mesurĂ©e ou estimĂ©e) en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33.In practice, the control unit 40 has in memory at least one table or graph giving the limiting factor "f" directly as a function of the temperature (measured or estimated) at the output of the oxidation device 33.
[0055] Selon une premiĂšre possibilitĂ©, lâunitĂ© de commande 40 dĂ©termine que le facteur de limitation « f » :According to a first possibility, the control unit 40 determines that the limiting factor "f":
- vaut 1 lorsque la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33 est strictement infĂ©rieure Ă une tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e associĂ©e au dispositif dâoxydation, et- is 1 when the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device 33 is strictly lower than a predetermined limit temperature associated with the oxidation device, and
- vaut 0 lorsque la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation est supĂ©rieure ou Ă©gale Ă la tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e associĂ©e au dispositif dâoxydation.- is 0 when the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidizing device is greater than or equal to the predetermined limit temperature associated with the oxidizing device.
[0056] Dans ce cas, la tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e associĂ©e au dispositif dâoxydation 33 que lâunitĂ© de commande 40 a en mĂ©moire est strictement infĂ©rieure Ă la tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation du dispositif dâoxydation. Elle est par exemple choisie Ă©gale Ă une valeur qui est comprise entre 700°C ou 780°C, selon la dynamique du systĂšme et la prĂ©cision de la valeur de la tempĂ©rature des gaz en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation, lorsque la tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation du dispositif dâoxydation 33 est de 800°C.In this case, the predetermined limit temperature associated with the oxidation device 33 that the control unit 40 has in memory is strictly lower than the degradation temperature of the oxidation device. It is for example chosen to be equal to a value which is between 700 ° C. or 780 ° C., depending on the dynamics of the system and the precision of the value of the temperature of the gases leaving the oxidation device, when the degradation temperature of the oxidation device 33 is 800 ° C.
[0057] Selon une deuxiĂšme possibilitĂ©, plus prĂ©cise que la premiĂšre, lâunitĂ© de commande 40 dĂ©termine que le facteur de limitation « f »According to a second possibility, more precise than the first, the control unit 40 determines that the limiting factor "f"
- vaut 1 lorsque la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation est infĂ©rieure ou Ă©gale Ă une premiĂšre tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e associĂ©e au dispositif dâoxydation,- is 1 when the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidizing device is less than or equal to a first predetermined limit temperature associated with the oxidizing device,
- vaut 0 lorsque la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation est supĂ©rieure ou Ă©gale Ă une deuxiĂšme tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e associĂ©e au dispositif dâoxydation,- is 0 when the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidizing device is greater than or equal to a second predetermined limit temperature associated with the oxidizing device,
- est dĂ©terminĂ© par une fonction continue et dĂ©croissante, par exemple linĂ©aire, lorsque la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation est comprise entre lesdites premiĂšre et deuxiĂšme tempĂ©ratures limites prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©es.- is determined by a continuous and decreasing function, for example linear, when the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device is between said first and second predetermined limit temperatures.
[0058] Dans ce cas, la premiĂšre tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e associĂ©e au dispositif dâoxydation 33 que lâunitĂ© de commande 40 a en mĂ©moire est strictement infĂ©rieure Ă la tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation du dispositif dâoxydation, la deuxiĂšme tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e du dispositif dâoxydation 33 mĂ©morisĂ©e Ă©tant supĂ©rieure strictement Ă la premiĂšre tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e et infĂ©rieure strictement Ă la tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation du dispositif dâoxydation. La premiĂšre tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e est par exemple choisie Ă©gale Ă 680°C et la deuxiĂšme tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e Ă 780°C, lorsque la tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation du dispositif dâoxydation est de 800°C.In this case, the first predetermined limit temperature associated with the oxidation device 33 that the control unit 40 has in memory is strictly lower than the degradation temperature of the oxidation device, the second predetermined limit temperature of the device stored oxidation temperature 33 being strictly greater than the first predetermined limit temperature and strictly less than the degradation temperature of the oxidation device. The first predetermined limit temperature is for example chosen to be 680 ° C and the second predetermined limit temperature at 780 ° C, when the degradation temperature of the oxidation device is 800 ° C.
[0059] Selon un deuxiĂšme mode de rĂ©alisation, lâunitĂ© de commande 40 a en mĂ©moire au moins un tableau ou un graphique donnant le facteur de limitation « f » en fonction de lâĂ©cart de tempĂ©rature Δ2 entre une tempĂ©rature de consigne prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e du dispositif dâoxydation 33 et la tempĂ©rature (mesurĂ©e ou estimĂ©e) en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33. La tempĂ©rature de consigne prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e est ici choisie Ă©gale Ă la tempĂ©rature de dĂ©gradation du dispositif dâoxydation 33, par exemple Ă©gale Ă 800°C.According to a second embodiment, the control unit 40 has in memory at least one table or a graph giving the limiting factor "f" as a function of the temperature difference Δ2 between a predetermined set temperature of the oxidation device 33 and the temperature (measured or estimated) at the outlet of the oxidation device 33. The predetermined set temperature is here chosen equal to the degradation temperature of the oxidation device 33, for example equal to 800 ° C. .
[0060] Dans ce second mode de rĂ©alisation, selon une troisiĂšme possibilitĂ©, lâunitĂ© de commande 40 dĂ©termine que le facteur de limitation « f » :In this second embodiment, according to a third possibility, the control unit 40 determines that the limiting factor "f":
- vaut 0 lorsque lâĂ©cart de tempĂ©rature Δ2 est infĂ©rieur Ă la tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e, et- is 0 when the temperature difference Δ2 is less than the predetermined limit temperature, and
- vaut 1 lorsque lâĂ©cart de tempĂ©rature Δ2 est supĂ©rieur Ă la tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e.- is 1 when the temperature difference Δ2 is greater than the predetermined limit temperature.
[0061] Dans ce cas, la tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e que lâunitĂ© de commande 40 a en mĂ©moire vaut par exemple 100°C. Elle peut aussi ĂȘtre choisie plus faible, par exemple Ă©gale Ă 50°C voire Ă 20°C.In this case, the predetermined limit temperature that the control unit 40 has in memory is for example 100 ° C. It can also be chosen lower, for example equal to 50 ° C or even 20 ° C.
[0062] Dans ce second mode de rĂ©alisation, selon une quatriĂšme possibilitĂ©, plus prĂ©cise que la troisiĂšme, lâunitĂ© de commande 40 dĂ©termine que le facteur de limitation « f » :In this second embodiment, according to a fourth possibility, more precise than the third, the control unit 40 determines that the limiting factor "f":
- vaut 0 lorsque lâĂ©cart de tempĂ©rature Δ2 est infĂ©rieur ou Ă©gal Ă une premiĂšre tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e,- is 0 when the temperature difference Δ2 is less than or equal to a first predetermined limit temperature,
- vaut 1 lorsque lâĂ©cart de tempĂ©rature Δ2 est supĂ©rieur Ă une deuxiĂšme tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e, et- is 1 when the temperature difference Δ2 is greater than a second predetermined limit temperature, and
- est dĂ©terminĂ© par une fonction croissante et continue, par exemple linĂ©aire, lorsque lâĂ©cart de tempĂ©rature Δ2 est compris entre lesdites premiĂšre et deuxiĂšme tempĂ©ratures limites prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©es.- is determined by an increasing and continuous function, for example linear, when the temperature difference Δ2 is between said first and second predetermined limit temperatures.
[0063] Dans ce cas, la premiĂšre tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e que lâunitĂ© de commande a en mĂ©moire est strictement infĂ©rieure Ă la deuxiĂšme tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e. Par exemple, la premiĂšre tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e est choisie Ă©gale Ă 20°C et la deuxiĂšme tempĂ©rature limite prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e Ă 100°C.In this case, the first predetermined limit temperature that the control unit has in memory is strictly lower than the second predetermined limit temperature. For example, the first predetermined limit temperature is chosen to be 20 ° C and the second predetermined limit temperature to 100 ° C.
[0064] Selon une variante non reprĂ©sentĂ©e, la ligne dâĂ©chappement peut en outre comprendre un dispositif de rĂ©duction sĂ©lective adaptĂ© Ă rĂ©duire les oxydes dâazote NOx prĂ©sents dans les gaz brĂ»lĂ©s suite aux rĂ©actions de combustion dans les cylindres du moteur. Un tel dispositif de rĂ©duction sĂ©lective est disposĂ© en aval du dispositif dâoxydation.According to a variant not shown, the exhaust line may further comprise a selective reduction device adapted to reduce the nitrogen oxides NOx present in the burnt gases following the combustion reactions in the engine cylinders. Such a selective reduction device is arranged downstream of the oxidation device.
[0065] Le dispositif de rĂ©duction sĂ©lective peut notamment ĂȘtre disposĂ© au choix : en aval du filtre Ă particules, en amont du filtre Ă particules, ou encore au niveau du filtre Ă particules de maniĂšre combinĂ© Ă ce dernier.The selective reduction device can in particular be arranged as desired: downstream of the particle filter, upstream of the particle filter, or even at the level of the particle filter in a manner combined with the latter.
[0066] En pratique, le dispositif de rĂ©duction sĂ©lective peut par exemple ĂȘtre placĂ© entre le dispositif dâoxydation et le filtre Ă particules, Ă proximitĂ© des cylindres du moteur, ou bien en aval du filtre Ă particules, Ă distance de ce dernier, ou encore ĂȘtre intĂ©grĂ© au filtre Ă particules.In practice, the selective reduction device can for example be placed between the oxidation device and the particle filter, near the engine cylinders, or even downstream of the particle filter, at a distance from the latter, or be integrated into the particle filter.
[0067] Sur les figures 2 et 3, on a reprĂ©sentĂ© schĂ©matiquement un procĂ©dĂ© de pilotage du moteur Ă combustion interne qui comporte la ligne dâĂ©chappement 30 prĂ©cĂ©demment dĂ©crite, lors de la phase de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du filtre Ă particules 36.In Figures 2 and 3, there is shown schematically a method of controlling the internal combustion engine which comprises the exhaust line 30 previously described, during the regeneration phase of the particulate filter 36.
[0068] Selon ce procédé, il est prévu de :According to this method, it is planned to:
- déterminer la température des gaz brûlés en entrée du filtre à particules 36 (bloc 42),- determine the temperature of the burnt gases entering the particulate filter 36 (block 42),
- comparer la température des gaz brûlés en entrée du filtre à particules 36 à une température de régénération prédéterminée du filtre à particules 36 (bloc 43),- compare the temperature of the burnt gases entering the particulate filter 36 with a predetermined regeneration temperature of the particulate filter 36 (block 43),
- estimer la premiÚre quantité Qo de carburant à injecter dans le moteur à combustion interne en fonction de ladite comparaison de températures (bloc 44),- estimate the first quantity Q o of fuel to be injected into the internal combustion engine as a function of said temperature comparison (block 44),
- dĂ©terminer la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33 (bloc 51),- determine the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device 33 (block 51),
- dĂ©terminer un facteur de limitation « f » en fonction de la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s en sortie du dispositif de dâoxydation 33 (bloc 53), et- determine a limiting factor "f" as a function of the temperature of the burnt gases leaving the oxidation device 33 (block 53), and
- multiplier ledit facteur de limitation « f » à ladite premiÚre quantité Qo pour obtenir la quantité exacte QF de carburant à injecter dans le moteur à combustion interne (bloc 45).- multiply said limiting factor "f" to said first quantity Q o to obtain the exact quantity Q F of fuel to be injected into the internal combustion engine (block 45).
[0069] Les figures 2 et 3 illustrent schĂ©matiquement deux modes de mise en Ćuvre du procĂ©dĂ© selon lâinvention, permettant de dĂ©terminer la quantitĂ© exacte QF de carburant Ă injecter Ă retardement dans les cylindres 11 du moteur pour rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©rer le filtre Ă particules 36, sans dĂ©grader thermiquement le dispositif dâoxydation 33.Figures 2 and 3 schematically illustrate two modes of implementation of the method according to the invention, for determining the exact amount Q F of fuel to be injected late into the cylinders 11 of the engine to regenerate the particulate filter 36 , without thermally degrading the oxidation device 33.
[0070] Sur le bloc 41 est amenĂ©e la tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e du filtre Ă particules. Cette tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e du filtre Ă particules est amenĂ©e Ă lâentrĂ©e positive dâun sommateur 43.On block 41 is brought the predetermined regeneration temperature of the particle filter. This predetermined regeneration temperature of the particulate filter is brought to the positive input of an adder 43.
[0071] La tempĂ©rature des gaz dans la ligne dâĂ©chappement 30 en entrĂ©e du filtre Ă particules 36, mesurĂ©e par le capteur de tempĂ©rature 37, est amenĂ©e sur le bloc 42 dont la sortie est reliĂ©e Ă lâentrĂ©e nĂ©gative du sommateur 43.The temperature of the gases in the exhaust line 30 at the input of the particulate filter 36, measured by the temperature sensor 37, is brought to the block 42, the output of which is connected to the negative input of the adder 43.
[0072] Le sommateur 43 gĂ©nĂšre lâĂ©cart el entre la tempĂ©rature de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du filtre Ă particules et la tempĂ©rature mesurĂ©e en amont du filtre Ă particules. Cet Ă©cart ΔΠest amenĂ© Ă lâentrĂ©e dâun rĂ©gulateur 44 du type proportionnel intĂ©gral dĂ©rivĂ©e (PID) qui dĂ©livre en signal de sortie lâestimation de la premiĂšre quantitĂ© Qo de carburant Ă injecter dans le moteur.The summator 43 generates the difference el between the regeneration temperature of the particulate filter and the temperature measured upstream of the particulate filter. This difference ΔΠis brought to the input of a regulator 44 of the integral proportional derivative type (PID) which delivers as an output signal the estimate of the first quantity Q o of fuel to be injected into the engine.
[0073] Le signal Qo issu du rĂ©gulateur est modifiĂ© dans un multiplicateur 45 pour obtenir la quantitĂ© exacte QF de carburant quâil convient finalement dâinjecter dans les cylindres 11 du moteur. Plus prĂ©cisĂ©ment, cette premiĂšre quantitĂ© Qo de carburant est amenĂ©e Ă lâentrĂ©e du multiplicateur 45, dans lequel elle est multipliĂ©e au facteur de limitation « f ».The signal Q o from the regulator is modified in a multiplier 45 to obtain the exact quantity Q F of fuel which should finally be injected into the cylinders 11 of the engine. More precisely, this first quantity Q o of fuel is brought to the input of the multiplier 45, in which it is multiplied by the limiting factor "f".
[0074] Comme le montrent les figures 2 et 3, pour obtenir le facteur de limitation « f », la tempĂ©rature des gaz brĂ»lĂ©s dans la ligne dâĂ©chappement 30 en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33, mesurĂ©e par le capteur de tempĂ©rature 38 (ou estimĂ©e par lâunitĂ© de calcul), est amenĂ©e sur le bloc 51 qui est reliĂ© Ă lâentrĂ©e dâun autre rĂ©gulateur 53 capable dâĂ©mettre en sortie le facteur de limitation « f ».As shown in Figures 2 and 3, to obtain the limiting factor "f", the temperature of the gas burned in the exhaust line 30 at the outlet of the oxidation device 33, measured by the temperature sensor 38 (or estimated by the calculation unit), is brought to block 51 which is connected to the input of another regulator 53 capable of outputting the limiting factor "f".
[0075] Selon le premier mode de mise en Ćuvre du procĂ©dĂ©, illustrĂ© sur la figure 2, lâautre rĂ©gulateur 53 comporte au moins un tableau ou un graphique donnant le facteur de limitation « f » directement en fonction de la tempĂ©rature de sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33.According to the first mode of implementation of the method, illustrated in FIG. 2, the other regulator 53 comprises at least one table or a graph giving the limiting factor "f" directly as a function of the outlet temperature of the oxidation device 33.
[0076] Selon le deuxiĂšme mode de mise en Ćuvre du procĂ©dĂ©, illustrĂ© sur la figure 3, lâautre rĂ©gulateur 53 comporte au moins un tableau ou un graphique donnant le facteur de limitation « f » en fonction de lâĂ©cart de tempĂ©rature Δ2 entre la tempĂ©rature de consigne prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e du dispositif dâoxydation 33 et la tempĂ©rature (mesurĂ©e ou estimĂ©e) en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33. Pour ce faire, le bloc 51 auquel est amenĂ©e la tempĂ©rature (mesurĂ©e ou estimĂ©e) en sortie du dispositif dâoxydation 33, est reliĂ© Ă lâentrĂ©e nĂ©gative dâun sommateur 54. La tempĂ©rature de consigne prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©e du dispositif dâoxydation 33 est amenĂ©e sur le bloc 52 qui est lui reliĂ© Ă lâentrĂ©e positive du sommateur 54. Le sommateur 54 donne en sortie lâĂ©cart de tempĂ©rature Δ2 entre les tempĂ©ratures des blocs 51 et 52. Cet Ă©cart de tempĂ©rature Δ2 est amenĂ© en entrĂ©e de lâautre rĂ©gulateur 53 qui gĂ©nĂšre en sortie le facteur de limitation « f ».According to the second mode of implementation of the method, illustrated in FIG. 3, the other regulator 53 comprises at least one table or a graph giving the limiting factor "f" as a function of the temperature difference Δ2 between the predetermined set temperature of the oxidation device 33 and the temperature (measured or estimated) at the outlet of the oxidation device 33. To do this, the block 51 to which the temperature (measured or estimated) is brought out of the device oxidation 33, is connected to the negative input of an adder 54. The predetermined set temperature of the oxidation device 33 is brought to the block 52 which is itself connected to the positive input of the adder 54. The adder 54 gives at output the temperature difference Δ2 between the temperatures of blocks 51 and 52. This temperature difference Δ2 is brought to the input of the other regulator 53 which generates at output the limiting factor "f".
[0077] Ainsi, la ligne dâĂ©chappement 30 et le procĂ©dĂ© de pilotage du moteur Ă combustion interne comportant cette ligne dâĂ©chappement permettent de protĂ©ger de maniĂšre simple et efficace le dispositif dâoxydation 33, tout en garantissant une efficacitĂ© maximale de la rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du filtre Ă particules. GrĂące Ă lâinvention, la tempĂ©rature limite maximale de dĂ©gradation du dispositif dâoxydation nâest jamais dĂ©passĂ©e : elle est au pire approchĂ©e par le bas.Thus, the exhaust line 30 and the method of controlling the internal combustion engine comprising this exhaust line allow simple and effective protection of the oxidation device 33, while guaranteeing maximum efficiency of the regeneration of the particulate filter. Thanks to the invention, the maximum temperature limit for degradation of the oxidation device is never exceeded: it is at worst approached from below.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1873794A FR3090737A1 (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Exhaust line and associated control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1873794A FR3090737A1 (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Exhaust line and associated control method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2876733A1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2006-04-21 | Renault Sas | Particle filter`s regeneration phase control system, has electronic control unit determining internal temperature of catalyst device and modifying fuel injection control in engine based on difference between preset and internal temperatures |
| EP1722088A2 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-15 | HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. | Exhaust gas treatment system for internal combustion engine |
| WO2013047270A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-04-04 | æ ȘćŒäŒç€ŸăŻăăż | Diesel engine |
| US20180112579A1 (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-04-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method and apparatus to control regeneration of a particulate filter of an exhaust gas feedstream |
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2018
- 2018-12-21 FR FR1873794A patent/FR3090737A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2876733A1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2006-04-21 | Renault Sas | Particle filter`s regeneration phase control system, has electronic control unit determining internal temperature of catalyst device and modifying fuel injection control in engine based on difference between preset and internal temperatures |
| EP1722088A2 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-15 | HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. | Exhaust gas treatment system for internal combustion engine |
| WO2013047270A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-04-04 | æ ȘćŒäŒç€ŸăŻăăż | Diesel engine |
| US20180112579A1 (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-04-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method and apparatus to control regeneration of a particulate filter of an exhaust gas feedstream |
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