FR3084024A1 - TRANSMISSION DEVICE FOR HYBRID VEHICLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for transmitting torque, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising: - a torque input element (2), - a first torque output element (3) and a second output element torque (5), - a rotary electric machine (M), - a rotor support (7), - a first clutch (E1) movable between a engaged position and a disengaged position via a first member d actuation (A1), - a second clutch (E2) movable between a engaged position and a disengaged position by means of a second actuating member (A2), - a third clutch (E3) movable between a engaged position and a disengaged position via a third actuating member (A3), the actuating members (A1, A2, A3) are stacked radially and in that the clutches (E1, E2, E3) are stacked radially.

Description

Transmission device for hybrid vehicle

The present invention relates to the field of transmissions for motor vehicles. It relates in particular to a transmission device intended to be disposed, in the transmission chain, between a heat engine and a gearbox.

The invention relates in particular to transmission devices for a hybrid type motor vehicle in which a rotating electrical machine is also arranged between the heat engine and the gearbox.

In the state of the art, transmission assemblies are known, arranged between the gearbox and the heat engine and comprising a rotary electric machine and a clutch on the engine side making it possible to couple the crankshaft of the heat engine to the rotor in rotation. of the rotating electric machine. Thus, it is possible to shut down the heat engine at each stop of the vehicle and to restart it thanks to the rotating electric machine. The rotating electric machine can also constitute an electric brake or provide excess energy to the heat engine to assist it or prevent it from stalling. The rotating electric machine can also drive the vehicle. When the engine is running, the rotating electric machine acts as an alternator. Such a transmission assembly can also link the rotary electrical machine to the gearbox by two separate torque paths each comprising an output clutch and a gearbox input shaft.

There are devices comprising three separate actuating members for actuating the three clutches, a first clutch or input clutch, between the heat engine and the rotary electrical machine and two output clutches or clutches between the rotary electrical machine and the two input shafts of a gearbox.

In these devices, the rotary electrical machine comprises a stator and a rotor driven in rotation about an axis of rotation.

Patent application DE102016207104 A1 illustrates this type of architecture. The architecture of this document is problematic in the sense that the axial compactness is not optimized, which generates a complex, bulky and heavy torque transmission device contrary to the requirements of the automotive industry.

The present invention aims to allow to benefit from a torque transmission device having an optimized axial size and a simplified architecture.

The invention achieves this, according to one of its aspects, using a torque transmission device, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising:

- a torque input element, capable of being coupled in rotation to a crankshaft of a heat engine,

a first torque output element and a second torque output element, capable of being coupled in rotation respectively to a first input shaft and a second input shaft of a gearbox,

- a rotary electrical machine comprising a stator and a rotor arranged in the direction of the torque transmission, between the torque input element and the first and second torque output elements,

- a rotor support radially supporting the rotor of the rotary electric machine,

a first clutch movable between a engaged position and a disengaged position by means of a first actuating member, said first clutch is disposed in the direction of the torque transmission, between the torque input element and the rotor support,

a second clutch movable between a engaged position and a disengaged position by means of a second actuating member, said second clutch is arranged in the direction of torque transmission, between the rotor support and the first element of torque output,

- A third clutch movable between a engaged position and a disengaged position via a third actuating member, said third clutch is disposed in the direction of torque transmission, between the rotor support and the second output element torque, the actuators are stacked radially and in that the clutches are stacked radially.

Thanks to this architecture, the torque transmission device has a reduced overall size and an optimized axial compactness.

According to the invention, the clutches are stacked and aligned radially. Similarly, the actuators are stacked and aligned radially.

According to one aspect of the invention, the clutches are of the multidisc type. The clutches can be of wet types, that is, they work and / or are cooled by an oil bath.

According to an additional aspect of the invention, the actuating members are concentric.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the actuating members each consist of a piston moving in an actuation chamber and of a rotary stop.

According to another aspect of the invention, the torque transmission device comprises a casing arranged to at least partially envelop the torque input element, the first element and the second torque output element, the rotary electric machine, the rotor support, the actuators and the clutches.

According to the invention, the casing may be the gearbox casing.

According to the invention, the actuating members are integrated in the casing.

According to an alternative embodiment, the actuating members form a sub-assembly which is attached to the casing.

According to another characteristic of the invention, at least one bearing is positioned between the casing and the rotor support.

According to another aspect of the invention, at least one bearing is positioned between the rotor support and the torque input element.

According to an additional aspect of the invention, the clutches are located radially inside the rotary electrical machine.

The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely by way of illustration and without limitation. , with reference to the appended figures.

- Figure 1 is an axial sectional view of the device according to the invention and according to a first embodiment,

FIG. 2 is a view in axial section of the device according to the invention and according to a second embodiment,

In the following description and claims, the terms "front" or "rear" depending on the direction considered with respect to an axial orientation determined by the X axis will be used, without limitation, and in order to facilitate understanding thereof. of rotation and the terms “interior / interior” or “exterior / external” with respect to the distance with the axis X in a radial orientation, orthogonal to said axial orientation.

In relation to FIG. 1, a torque transmission device 1 is observed comprising:

- a torque input element 2, capable of being coupled in rotation to a crankshaft of a heat engine,

- a first torque output element 3, capable of being coupled in rotation to a first input shaft of a gearbox (not shown),

- a second torque output element 5, capable of being coupled in rotation to a second gearbox input shaft (not shown).

The first and second output elements 3, 5 respectively comprise a first and a second web (not shown) connected by a link, for example grooved, respectively to the first and to the second input shaft of the gearbox. The second input shaft of the gearbox is preferably hollow and surrounds the first input shaft.

A torsion damping device (not shown) can be positioned between the crankshaft of the heat engine and the torque input element 2.

In the examples considered, the second torque output element 5 is arranged in parallel with the first torque output element 3, in the direction of the torque transmission. Each of these elements rotate around an axis of rotation X of the device.

The device also comprises a rotary electric machine M comprising a rotor R and a stator S. The stator S is fixed and fixed on a casing 4 of the gearbox. The stator S is arranged around the rotor R. The rotor R is arranged in the direction of the torque transmission, between the torque input element 2 on the one hand and the first torque output element 3 and the second element torque output 5 on the other hand.

In the example considered, the rotary electric machine M is a synchronous permanent magnet machine.

The rotor R of the rotary electric machine M is selectively connected:

- to the input element 2 by a first clutch E1, also called the input clutch,

- the first torque output element 3 by a second clutch E2, also called the first output clutch,

- The second output element 8 by a third clutch E3, also called the second output clutch.

The clutches E1, E2, E3 are of the multidisk type and are each movable between a engaged position and a disengaged position by means of an associated actuating member A1, A2, A3.

The device 1 also includes a support 7 capable of radially supporting the rotor R of the rotary electric machine M. The rotor support 7 keeps the rotary electric machine M in rotation about the axis of rotation X. The rotary electric machine M is then called "inline", that is to say that the axis of rotation of the rotary electric machine M is coincident with the axis of rotation X of the torque transmission device 1.

The first clutch E1 comprises an input disc carrier 11 driven in rotation by a first element. The first element can be input element 2.

The input disc holder 11 extends axially between a first end and a second end, the first end is rotated by the first element which can be the input element 2.

The first clutch E1 comprises an output disc holder 12 integral in rotation with a second element. The second element can be the rotor support 7.

The output disc holder 12 extends axially between a first end and a second end, the first end is integral in rotation with the second element which can be the rotor support 7.

The first clutch E1 includes a multi-disc assembly. The multi-disc assembly includes at least one friction disc integral in rotation with one of the input and output disc holders. The at least one friction disc is for example integral in rotation with the input disc holder 11. The multidisc assembly comprises at least two plates respectively disposed on either side of each friction disc. The plates can be rotatably attached to the other of the input and output disc carriers. The plates are for example integral in rotation with the output disc holder 12. The multi-disc assembly includes friction linings arranged between the plates and a friction disc.

The first clutch E1 can describe a disengaged position and a engaged position in which the plates and the friction disc pinch the friction linings so as to transmit a torque between the input disc carrier 11 and the output disc carrier 12.

The actuator A1 is axially movable between a rest position and an active position in which said actuator A1 exerts an axial force on the multidisk assembly to bring the first clutch E1 into the engaged position.

The actuator A1 extends radially between a first end and a second end adapted to exert the axial force on the multidisk assembly.

The actuating member A1 consists of a piston P1 associated with a rotary stop B1. The piston P1 is able to move in an actuation chamber C1 in order to pass from the rest position to an active position. A seal is associated with the piston P1, on its part opposite the actuation chamber C1.

A transfer element T1 is interposed between the rotary stop B1 and the first clutch E1 in order to transmit the actuation force when the piston P1 is in the active position. The rotary stop B1 comprises a first ring in contact with the piston P1 and a second ring in contact with the transfer element T1.

Alternatively or in addition, the second clutch E2 comprises an input disc carrier 21 driven in rotation by a first element. The first element may be the rotor support 7.

The input disc holder 21 extends axially between a first end and a second end. The first end is rotated by the first element. The first element may be the rotor support 7.

The second clutch E2 comprises an outlet disc holder 22 integral in rotation with a second element. The second element can be the first torque output element 3 connected to the first input shaft of the gearbox.

The output disc holder 22 extends axially between a first end and a second end, the first end is integral in rotation with the second element.

The second clutch E2 includes a multi-disc assembly. The multidisk assembly has the same technical characteristics as the multidisk assembly of the first E1 clutch.

The second clutch E2 can describe a disengaged position and a engaged position in which the plates and the friction disc pinch the friction linings so as to transmit a torque between the input disc holder 21 and the output disc holder 22 .

The actuator A2 is axially movable between a rest position and an active position in which said actuator A2 exerts an axial force on the multidisk assembly to bring the second clutch E2 into the engaged position.

The actuator A2 extends radially between a first end and a second end adapted to exert the axial force on the multidisk assembly.

The actuating member A2 consists of a piston P2 associated with a rotary stop B2. The piston P2 is able to move in an actuation chamber C2 in order to pass from the rest position to an active position. A seal is associated with the piston P2, on its part facing the actuation chamber C2.

A transfer element T2 is interposed between the rotary stop B2 and the first clutch E2 in order to transmit the actuation force when the piston P2 is in the active position. The rotary stop B2 comprises a first ring in contact with the piston P2 and a second ring in contact with the transfer element T2.

Alternatively or in addition, the third clutch E3 comprises an input disc holder 31 driven in rotation by a first element. The first element may be the rotor support 7.

The input disc holder 31 extends axially between a first end and a second end. The first end is rotated by the first element.

The third clutch E3 comprises an output disc holder 32 integral in rotation with a second element. The second element may be the second torque output element 5 connected to the second input shaft of the gearbox.

The output disc holder 32 extends axially between a first end and a second end, the first end is integral in rotation with the second element.

The third E3 clutch includes a multi-disc assembly. The multidisk assembly has the same technical characteristics as the multidisk assembly of the first clutch E1 and / or that the multidisk assembly of the second clutch E2.

The third clutch E3 can describe a disengaged position and a engaged position in which the plates and the friction disc pinch the friction linings so as to transmit a torque between the input disc holder 32 and the output disc holder 32 .

The actuator A3 is axially movable between a rest position and an active position in which said actuator A3 exerts an axial force on the multidisk assembly to bring the third clutch E3 into the engaged position.

The actuator A3 extends radially between a first end and a second end adapted to exert the axial force on the multidisk assembly.

The actuator A3 consists of a piston P3 associated with a rotary stop B3. The piston P3 is able to move in an actuation chamber C3 in order to pass from the rest position to an active position. A seal is associated with the piston P3, on its part facing the actuation chamber C3.

A transfer element T3 is interposed between the rotary stop B3 and the first clutch E3 in order to transmit the actuation force when the piston P3 is in the active position. The rotary stop B3 comprises a first ring in contact with the piston P3 and a second ring in contact with the transfer element T3.

The first gearbox input shaft is coupled in rotation to the crankshaft and is driven by it in rotation when the first clutch E1 and the second clutch E2 are configured in a so-called engaged position. In this configuration, the rotor R can also supply excess energy to the gearbox.

The first input shaft of the gearbox is coupled in rotation to the rotor R and is driven by it in rotation when the first clutch E1 is configured in a so-called disengaged position and the second clutch E2 is configured in the engaged position. The first shaft of the box is then only driven by the rotor 13. In this configuration, the rotating electric machine M can also act as a brake and be in an energy recovery mode.

Similarly, the second input shaft of the gearbox is coupled in rotation to the crankshaft and is driven by it in rotation when the first clutch E1 and the third clutch E3 are configured in a so-called engaged position.

The second input shaft of the gearbox is coupled in rotation to the rotor R and is driven by it in rotation when the first clutch E1 is configured in a so-called disengaged position and the third clutch E3 is configured in the engaged position. The second shaft of the gearbox is then only driven by the rotor R.

When the second and third clutches E2, E3 are in the disengaged configuration and the first clutch E1 is in the clutched configuration, the rotor R can be driven by the heat engine. The rotating electric machine M is then in an energy recovery mode.

The second clutch E2 is, for example, arranged to engage the odd ratios of the gearbox and the third clutch E3 is, for example, arranged to engage the even ratios and the reverse gear of the gearbox. Alternatively, the ratios supported by the second clutch E2 and third clutch E3 can be respectively reversed.

The clutches are arranged to alternately transmit a so-called input power - a torque and a rotation speed - from the heat engine, to one of the two gearbox input shafts, depending on the respective configuration of each clutch. . The device is then in so-called "direct" mode. The first clutch E1 can also transmit a torque to the heat engine, the device is then in so-called "retro" mode.

The second and third clutches E2, E3 are arranged so as not to be simultaneously in the same clutch configuration. However, they can simultaneously be configured in their disengaged position.

The rotor support 7 comprises a first substantially axial extension 7a, this first extension 7a is in contact with the rotor R of the rotary electric machine M. The rotor R is secured to the first extension 7a of the rotor support 7 by an operation of hooping. The width of the first extension 7a is substantially equal to the width of the rotor R of the rotary electric machine M.

The rotor support 7 comprises a second substantially radial extension 7b. This second extension 7b is located between the actuating members A1, A2, A3 and the clutches E1, E2, E3. The second extension 7b is provided with openings (not shown) so that the transfer elements T1, T2, T3 can pass through on either side of this second extension 7b. Indeed, the transfer elements T1, T2, T3 have a speed of rotation identical to the speed of rotation of the motor support, which allows the transfer elements T1, T2, T3 to pass through the second extension 7b in order to transmit the forces from the actuating members A1, A2, A3 to the clutches E1, E2, E3.

The rotor support 7 includes a third substantially axial extension 7c. This third extension 7c is substantially parallel to the first extension 7a.

The rotor support 7, the input disc holder 31 of the third clutch E3, the input disc holder 21 of the second clutch E2 and the output disc holder 12 of the first clutch E1 form a single piece. In other words, these aforementioned elements form a one-piece assembly made from the same material and are obtained for example by a stamping or stamping process.

Similarly, the torque input element 2 and the input disc port 11 of the first clutch E1 form a single piece. In other words, these elements form a one-piece assembly made from the same material and are obtained for example by a stamping or stamping process.

At least one bearing 6, 6 'is positioned between the housing 4 and the rotor support 7. In the present embodiment, two bearings 6, 6' are positioned between the housing 4 and the rotor support 7 and are axially offset , for example from a distance between 30 mm and 60 mm. The bearings 6, 6 ’guide the rotor support 7.

At least one bearing 8, 8 'is positioned between the rotor support 7 and the torque input element 2. In the present embodiment, two bearings 8, 8' are positioned between the rotor support 7 and l 'torque input element 2 and are offset axially, for example by a distance between 30 mm and 60 mm. The bearings 8, 8 ’allow the torque input element 2 to be guided.

As shown in Figure 1, the clutches E1, E2, E3 are stacked and aligned radially, that is to say that a fictitious axis orthogonal to the axis of rotation X passes through the three clutches E1, E2, E3.

The clutches E1, E2, E3 are concentric. The first clutch E1 has the smallest diameter, the third clutch E3 has the largest diameter and the second clutch E2 has an intermediate diameter.

More precisely, the first clutch E1 is the clutch which is located radially the innermost, that is to say that it is the clutch located closest to the axis of rotation X. The third clutch E3 is the clutch which is located radially outermost, that is to say that it is the clutch located furthest from the axis of rotation X. The second clutch E2 is located radially between the first clutch E1 and the third clutch E3.

In a first variant shown in FIG. 1, the clutches E1, E2, E3 are radially located inside the rotary electric machine M.

As a variant, not shown, at least one of the clutches E1, E2, E3 can be located radially at the same level as the rotary electric machine M. This configuration has the advantage of having at least one of clutches E1, E2, E3 with a larger diameter, which allows a greater torque to be passed.

The gearbox casing 4 is arranged to at least partially envelop the torque input element 2, the first element 3 and the second torque output element 5, the rotary electric machine M, the rotor support 7 , the actuators A1, A2, A3 and the clutches E1, E2, E3. The gearbox casing 4 serves as a support for the actuating members A1, A2, A3.

The actuators A1, A2, A3 are stacked and aligned radially, that is to say that a fictitious axis orthogonal to the axis of rotation X passes through the actuators A1, A2, A3.

The actuators A1, A2, A3 are concentric. The first actuator A1 has the smallest diameter, the third actuator A3 has the largest diameter and the second actuator A2 has an intermediate diameter.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the actuating members A1, A2, A3 are integrated in the casing 4. That is to say that the actuating chambers C1, C2, C3 are formed directly in the casing 4. This architecture has the advantage of supplying the actuating chambers C1, C2, C3 directly by integrated or attached pipes in the casing 4, which makes it possible to optimize the dimensions and in particular the axial compactness of the device.

In Figure 2 is visible an alternative embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the actuating members A1, A2,

A3 form a sub-assembly A which is attached to the casing 4. This architecture has the advantage of simplifying the production and manufacture of the casing 4 and also makes it possible to guarantee obtaining geometric shapes, in particular the concentricity between the casing 4 and the under 5 set A.

Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is in no way limited thereto and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these are within the scope of the invention.

In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses cannot be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.

Claims (10)

1. Torque transmission device (1), in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising: - a torque input element (2), capable of being coupled in rotation to a crankshaft of a heat engine, - a first torque output element (3) and a second torque output element (5), able to be respectively coupled in rotation to a first input shaft and a second input shaft of a gearbox , - a rotary electric machine (M) comprising a stator (S) and a rotor (R) arranged in the direction of the torque transmission, between the torque input element (2) and the first and second output elements couple (3, 5), - a rotor support (7) radially supporting the rotor (R) of the rotary electric machine (M), - A first clutch (E1) movable between a engaged position and a disengaged position via a first actuating member (A1), said first clutch (E1) is disposed in the direction of the torque transmission, between the 'torque input element (2) and the rotor support (7), - a second clutch (E2) movable between a engaged position and a disengaged position via a second actuating member (A2), said second clutch (E2) is disposed in the direction of the torque transmission, between the rotor support (7) and the first torque output element (3), - a third clutch (E3) movable between a engaged position and a disengaged position via a third actuating member (A3), said third clutch (E3) is arranged in the direction of the torque transmission, between the rotor support (7) and the second torque output element (5), characterized in that the actuating members (A1, A2, A3) are stacked radially and in that the clutches (E1, E2, E3) are stacked radially. 2. Device (1) for transmitting torque according to claim 1, characterized in that the clutches (E1, E2, E3) are of the multi-disc type. 3. Device (1) for transmitting torque according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating members (A1, A2, A3) are concentric. 4. Device (1) for transmitting torque according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating members (A1, A2, A3) each consist of a piston (P1, P2, P3) moving in an actuation chamber (C1, C2, C3) and a rotary stop (B1, B2, B3). 5. Device (1) for transmitting torque according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a casing (4) arranged to at least partially envelop the torque input element (2), the first element (3) and the second torque output element (5), the rotary electrical machine (M), the rotor support (7), the actuating members (A1, A2, A3) and the clutches (E1, E2, E3). 6. Device (1) for transmitting torque according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the actuating members (A1, A2, A3) are integrated in the casing (4). 7. Device (1) for transmitting torque according to claim 5, characterized in that the actuating members (A1, A2, A3) form a sub-assembly (A) which is attached to the casing (4). 8. Device (1) for transmitting torque according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that at least one bearing (6, 6 ') is positioned between the casing (4) and the rotor support (7 ). 9. Device (1) for transmitting torque according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one bearing (8, 8 ') is positioned between the rotor support (7) and the input element of torque (2). 10. Device (1) for transmitting torque according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clutches (E1, E2, E3) are radially located inside the rotary electric machine (M).