FR3078530A1 - CONTAINER FOR SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTION OF GOODS IN URBAN AREAS - Google Patents

Abstract

Container (3), in particular for a system (1) for the distribution of goods in an urban environment, this system comprising: - at least one micro-tunnel (2) forming at least one transport loop, a greater internal dimension of the micro- tunnel, in cross section, in particular its inside diameter, preferably being between 1.5 m and 4 m, - shuttles (17) flowing in the micro-tunnel, - a plurality of exchange stations (4) with the surface, allowing the goods to rise, the container (3) being pluggable, and having a base (200) of internal dimensions adapted to receive one or at most two pallets (P).

Description

The present invention relates to the distribution of goods in an urban environment.

The movement of goods to the heart of cities is now mainly carried out using vehicles such as trucks, which poses multiple problems.

First of all, the vast majority of these vehicles being with thermal engine, their circulation contributes to the atmospheric pollution of cities. Then, the goods distribution time is lengthened due to the congestion of the traffic axes.

There is therefore a need to facilitate and accelerate the distribution of goods in urban areas, especially in dense urban areas.

An automated conveyor system for goods has been proposed in application CN 105046474, comprising a loop pipeline with a certain number of branches. The pipeline is fitted with rails which are used to power the vehicles traveling in it.

Patent application US 2002/0062759 discloses an automated point-to-point type transport system comprising multiple autonomous containers moving on rails in galleries arranged for example under dwellings at a shallow depth or on the surface. Each container can be driven by an electric motor. Such a system is not intended to transport a high volume of goods and is not suitable for serving an entire agglomeration, with a daily tonnage of goods typically of several hundreds, even thousands, of tonnes. In addition, the installation of container traffic lanes must be done in concert with the layout of the dwellings crossed, because the lanes are arranged at least for some at the same depth as the basements of these dwellings. The containers are of various sizes, and the rails are adapted to the circulation of these different sizes of containers, which multiplies the number of rails and makes the system relatively complex and expensive to install. In addition, the recovery of goods inside the containers can be complicated, because the containers are not intended to leave their rails.

Application ER 2 847 873 proposes an integrated system for the transport of goods in the city by metro. The containers are transported by vehicles which are loaded on wagons. Such a system presupposes the existence of a metro, the tunnels of which are of sufficient dimensions to accommodate the wagons loaded with the vehicles on which the containers rest, and would prove to be very difficult to implement in most cities.

The invention aims to further improve the goods distribution systems, in order to respond to the problem of the distribution of goods in the heart of cities.

Goods distribution system

The invention therefore relates, according to a first of its aspects, to a system for the distribution of goods in an urban environment, comprising:

- at least one micro-tunnel forming at least one transport loop,

- shuttles circulating, in particular unidirectionally, in the microtunnel,

- a set of containers whose external dimensions are adapted to their transport by shuttles, and having an interior volume adapted to receive goods packaged on standard format pallets,

- a plurality of exchange stations with the surface, allowing the containers to move up.

The invention responds to the problem of the logistics of the first half kilometer in dense urban areas by allowing the burial at a relatively great depth of the transport loop. Such a depth avoids, or even minimizes, interference with existing buildings. The invention also makes it possible to reduce urban pollution.

The choice of a micro-tunnel to carry out the transport loop makes it possible to use proven techniques, and to produce the buried system at a cost compatible with the economic interests involved.

Advantageously, the containers are pluggable. The use of plug-in containers facilitates their handling, and their dimensions make it possible to avoid repackaging of goods already packaged on pallets.

In addition, the format of the containers offers multiple possibilities for developing their interior volume and distributing the associated goods. The size of the containers can be easily standardized, which reduces their cost price, and facilitates the construction and automation of the systems intended to handle them.

The shuttles run advantageously unidirectionally along the loop. Each section between two exchange stations of the loop is thus traversed by goods which circulate in the same direction within the meaning of this section. Thus, the shuttles do not cross within the micro-tunnel, which makes it possible to closely adapt the cross-section of the micro-tunnel to the cross-section of a loaded shuttle and to reduce the cross-section of the micro-tunnel which is not useful for transporting merchandise. However, the invention does not exclude that the goods are conveyed in the loop using at least one line where the goods embarked on shuttles circulate in a bidirectional manner. This line can be two lanes within a tunnel or two parallel tunnels, as explained below.

Scheduling stations

Preferably, the transport system comprises at least one station for scheduling the goods to be injected into the loop and to be distributed through the exchange stations located on the loop. The scheduling station makes it possible to prepare the rounds of goods so that the goods grouped together in the same container correspond to a delivery arriving at the same exchange station, where the container will be taken out of the loop formed by the microphone. -tunnel and brought to the surface, to be taken care of by a fleet of electric vehicles for example, which will transport these goods to their final destination. The scheduling station can concentrate the logistical means for packaging goods and loading shuttles. This station can provide most, if not all, of the loading of the shuttles, the exchange stations within the loop preferably having mainly a role of distributing the goods rather than a role of loading the latter.

The transport system may include at least one supply line for the goods loop, known as the "penetrating". This line can be unidirectional or not.

The presence of one or more scheduling stations, at the periphery of the system and the city served by the loop, makes it possible to manage a high flow of goods and to inject a large quantity of goods into the loop, more easily than exchange stations located on the loop itself, which communicate with wells likely to be relatively narrow, could do so.

In addition, the line may have a slope and the scheduling station may be buried, as regards its underground installations, to a depth less than the burial depth of the sections of micro-tunnel forming the loop.

Exchange stations

The exchange stations can be configured to transport a plurality of containers to the surface or to the micro-tunnel simultaneously.

An exchange station can be connected to only one upstream loop section and a downstream loop section, outside the station. A turn can take place inside the station, without having to reverse the direction of progress of the goods, from the upstream section to the downstream section.

At least one exchange station can be arranged to store containers, in particular awaiting removal of the surface of the transported goods, storage taking place for example in the corresponding well or alternatively on the surface or in a basement. The storage of at least part of the containers, in the wells of the exchange stations or in buried spaces supplied by the exchange stations, makes it possible to minimize the surface area of the system. The containers are preferably made so that they can be stacked vertically. Alternatively, they are stored by being arranged on racks.

Preferably, the well of at least one of the exchange stations is of sufficient dimensions to serve as a working well during the digging of the micro-tunnel by a micro-tunneling technique. This allows you to take advantage of the excavation work carried out during the digging of the micro-tunnel for the subsequent realization of one or more exchange stations and to use these to store goods or equipment.

The system may include, at the exchange stations, an automated system for unloading and / or loading shuttles. In particular, the system may include surface transport vehicles suitable for transporting the containers, or the goods carried by them. In particular, the delivery of goods in the last kilometer can be ensured by a fleet of electric vehicles. Transport vehicles can present a platform for receiving containers.

Each exchange station may include a device, for example with rollers, for gradually decelerating the shuttles upon their arrival at the exchange station and a launching device to allow them to hang on the moving cable without too much Suddenly.

The exchange station may include a mechanism for recovering the goods transported by a shuttle, in particular by removing the container or containers transported by the shuttle, while allowing the shuttle to then continue its path in the transport loop.

Unloading a shuttle can be done by changing the shuttle's lane or extracting its contents without changing the lane.

The exchange station comprises for example a mechanism for transporting a portion of track carrying a shuttle, between a first position for receiving a new shuttle coming from the transport loop, in which the track portion is located in the continuity of the track extending in the micro-tunnel, and a second position, of passage on a loading / unloading track, which allows one or more containers transported by the shuttle to be unloaded towards an elevator such as freight elevator or shuttle to receive one or more new containers to transport.

As a variant, only the shuttle is moved from the arrival lane to the loading / unloading lane, without its movement being accompanied by that of the rails on which its wheels are engaged.

In another variant, the containers are unloaded from the shuttle without transporting it on a specific loading / unloading lane.

The shuttles can be driven by any means when they are not coupled to the motor cables, for example by rollers or by any other auxiliary drive mechanism.

The containers can be transported by conveyor rollers and / or by a ferry or pallet truck.

The loop may include bends which are located at the exchange stations. This can keep straight sections within the loop, which makes it easier to build the micro-tunnel and drive the shuttles. To make the shuttles take turns, they can be kept on rails and provide a rotating platform comprising a movable railway track which makes it possible to orient them towards the starting track. It is also possible not to keep them on rails, by driving them with the aid of an auxiliary drive system where they are carried for example by rollers or by a roller conveyor or conveyed by any other conveyor system allowing to make the shuttles take tight turns.

In an exemplary embodiment, while the exchange station connects two sections of the micro-tunnel forming the loop which are oriented in different directions making a non-zero angle between them, the exchange station comprises a rotating platform carrying a portion mobile track on which at least one shuttle can be positioned.

This rotating platform can take a position where the movable track comes in alignment with a path for bringing the shuttles, and a position where said movable track comes in alignment with the track of the next section of micro-tunnel to be traversed .

The invention also relates to an exchange station comprising a buried part, connecting two sections of micro-tunnel, comprising means for unloading shuttles circulating in the micro-tunnel.

The exchange station comprises for example a first track movable between a position for receiving a shuttle from one of the sections, and a position for routing the shuttle on a loading / unloading track, where the shuttle passes in front of a container conveying system to and from a lift to the surface, and a second mobile track between a receiving position for the shuttle traveling on the loading / unloading track and a routing position towards the other section .

The exchange station can be arranged to turn the goods circulating in the loop.

The exchange station may in one example include a mobile track mounted on a rotating platform, when the two sections of micro-tunnel arranged upstream and downstream of the station form an angle between them. As a variant, the exchange station includes means for conveying shuttles without rails, for example on casters or rollers, making it possible to make the desired turn. The use of means of conveying shuttles without rails or of movable tracks facilitates the movement of the shuttles and avoids the use of switches. This allows the use of non-self-propelled shuttles. This also makes it possible to gain in compactness, thus limiting the volume of soil to be excavated to build the exchange station. The use of a rotating platform makes it very easy to connect sections of micro-tunnel having a large angle between them, and to orient the sections so as to optimize their length. This also makes it possible to use straight sections, compatible with the use of a cable system to tow the shuttles, and allowing a high speed of circulation of the shuttles.

Shuttle Buses

The container transport shuttles can be self-propelled shuttles but are preferably shuttles towed by cables. The use of cables reduces the cost of shuttles while providing a fast and reliable transport system.

Each traction cable can run between two ends of a section of the loop formed by the micro-tunnel, these ends preferably being located at exchange stations with the surface. The shuttles can thus, during their journey within the loop formed by the micro-tunnel, pass from a first loop section where they are moved by a first cable to a second loop section where they are moved by a second cable different from the first, the transfer from the first section to the second taking place within an exchange station.

The micro-tunnel can be fitted with rails on which the shuttles move.

The cable placed in a section can be more than 1 km long, for example at least 4 km, better 6 km, for example 8 km or more, which then allows the realization of a section of 4 km or more since the cable runs in one direction while pulling the shuttles and in the other empty. The cable can be mounted on pulleys and tension rollers, similar to systems used in drag lifts or chair lifts.

The cable can run between the rails, parallel to these, which makes it possible to gain compactness, and if necessary to mount the cable guide structure on a support common with the rails.

The shuttles can each include a reception platform for at least one container. This platform can be dimensioned to receive four containers arranged in two rows of two containers, each container being adapted to receive a standard pallet. As a variant, the cradle can be adapted to receive two double containers, each double container being adapted to receive two standard pallets arranged side by side within the double container.

Each shuttle can include front and rear partitions between which the container or containers to be transported are arranged.

As a variant, the shuttles are without front and rear partitions.

Where appropriate, the buried system for distributing goods according to the invention is equipped with a system for regulating the transport of containers without general flow management intelligence, each transport shuttle being provided with one or more sensors making it possible to locate a previous shuttle as well as the exchange stations, allowing the shuttles to regulate their speed according to the traffic, to stop at the exchange stations and possibly to push a broken down shuttle to bring it outside the loop of the micro-tunnel. In such a regulation system, each container can carry an electronic device which exchanges data with the shuttle and allows it, for example, to know the destination of the goods present in the container.

The invention also relates to a shuttle for transporting at least one container according to the invention, comprising a coupling mechanism to a drive cable, wheels, and a space for receiving the container or containers, preferably four containers arranged in two rows of two. The shuttle can be open on the sides, and may or may not have front and rear partitions.

The invention also relates to an assembly consisting of a container and a container transport shuttle within a micro-tunnel, the shuttle comprising a platform for receiving the container on which the latter is removably hooked .

Micro-tunnel

Preferably, the micro-tunnel has a generally circular cross section.

The micro-tunnel can be produced in various ways and for example comprise sections assembled one after the other, in particular of length between 2.5 and 3.5 m, and of wall thickness between 150 and 500 mm , these sections being preferably arranged to withstand a driving thrust of at least 500 tonnes.

Alternatively, the micro-tunnel includes assembled segments.

Preferably, the sections or segments are at least partially made of reinforced concrete, in particular with a double layer of reinforcements.

The micro-tunnel may include a liner, in particular made of metal.

In an exemplary embodiment, a larger internal dimension of the micro-tunnel, in cross section, in particular its internal diameter, is between

1.5 m and 4 m, in particular between 1.5 and 2.5 m or between 2.5 m and 4 m, for example being 1.5 and 2.2 m or between 3 and 4 m.

The micro-tunnel is advantageously buried at a depth greater than or equal to 5 m. The use of a micro-tunnel in the invention makes it possible to provide a greater burial depth, for example greater than 20 m or 30 m, or even greater than or equal to 35 m, 40 m or 50 m or more, so as to pass widely under existing foundations and infrastructure and not interfere with them. The penetrant can be buried at a depth which varies and which is not that of the loop.

The micro-tunnel can be under reduced oxygen pressure. This will limit the risk of fire. In particular, the oxygen level can be 15% lower, better 20% or 50%, or even more, than the nominal level in the open air.

The loop formed by the micro-tunnel may comprise a succession of sections the length of which is for example greater than 1 km, connected by exchange stations which provide the link between the sections of different orientation. The sections can be straight if desired, as mentioned above, which can facilitate the digging and construction of the micro-tunnel.

containers

According to one aspect of the invention, the containers used in the distribution system according to the invention are pluggable.

By "plug-in container", it should be understood that the container has passages at its base allowing it to engage the forks of a pallet truck, so as to lift it and move it with the pallet truck. These passages can be made between studs and if necessary be reinforced with metal tubes or profiles. Preferably, the container can be plugged in from front to back and laterally.

The container, when simple, is arranged to receive a standard pallet.

A standard pallet is a pallet whose dimensions are defined by standard ISO 6780 or a EUROPE pallet, in particular EUR, EUR 1, EUR 2, EUR 3 or EUR 6.

The pallet can be of dimensions 1016 * 1219 mm, 1000 * 1200 mm, 1165 * 1165 mm, 1067 * 1067 mm, 1100 * 1100 mm or 800 * 1200 mm. Preferably, the pallet is a EUROPE pallet with sides 800 by 1200 mm.

The inner section of the simple container (in cm ² ) can be of dimensions (X + dx). (Y + dy), where X and Y are the dimensions of the sides of the pallet intended to be received in the container, and where dx is between 1 and 20 cm, better between 5 and 20 cm, better 5 and 15 cm, even better 7.5 and 12.5 cm, and / or dy is between 1 and 20 cm, preferably 5 and 20 cm , better 5 and 15 cm, even better 7.5 and 12.5 cm.

The container, when double, is arranged to receive two standard pallets arranged side by side, preferably with their large adjacent sides.

The inner section of the double container (in cm ² ) can be (2X + dx). (Y + dy), or (X + dx). (2Y + dy) where dx is between 1 and 20 cm, preferably between 5 and 20 cm, better 5 and 15 cm, even better 7.5 and 12.5 cm, and / or dy is between 1 and 20 cm, preferably between 5 and 20 cm, better 5 and 15 cm, again better 7.5 and 12.5 cm.

The interior volume of the container, single or double, is preferably between 100 and 220 cm.

The outer dimensions of the container allow it to travel on the shuttles and easily reach the surface by the means provided for this purpose in exchange stations, such as elevators.

Preferably, the external dimensions W and D of the container verify W <150 cm, better W <140 cm, with preferably 125cm <W <130cm, better W = 130 cm, where W denotes the width of the container, and D <100 cm for a container intended to receive a single EUROPE pallet, better 85 cm <D <95 cm, better D = 90 cm, where D designates the depth of the container.

The opening of the container, that is to say the front of the container, can be to engage the pallet by its long side.

When the container is intended to receive two EUROPE pallets side by side, there is preferably 175 cm <D <185 cm, better D = 180 cm, the width W being preferably the same as for the container intended to receive a single palette.

The height H of the container, single or double, is preferably less than 240 cm, better than 230 cm, even better than 220cm, being preferably equal to 210cm. The height can be between 100 and 220 cm in particular.

It is advantageous that the size of the container is as small as possible beyond a nominal interior volume, in order to reduce the section of the tunnel and the cost of its production.

The invention thus also relates, independently or in combination with the above, to a container, in particular for a system for distributing goods in an urban environment as defined above, this system comprising:

at least one micro-tunnel forming at least one transport loop, a larger internal dimension of the micro-tunnel, in cross section, in particular its internal diameter, preferably being between 1.5 m and 4 m,

- shuttles circulating in the micro-tunnel,

- a plurality of exchange stations with the surface, allowing goods to be brought up, the container being plug-in, preferably without refrigeration unit, and having a base of internal dimensions preferably adapted to receive a single or at most two pallets. This or these pallets are received placed flat on the base of the container.

By "refrigeration unit" is meant a group generating cold from an electrical supply, comprising a compressor and a motor driving this compressor.

The container is preferably made in such a way that its internal volume can be completely closed, at least during the transport of the goods. Alternatively, the container is not closed at the front.

As mentioned above, the container can be of internal section adapted to receive a single pallet, in particular of internal section X + dx by Y + dy, where X and Y denote the dimensions of the sides of the pallet received in the container, with dx between 1 and 20 cm and d between 1 and 20 cm, the pallet being preferably chosen from pallets of EUROPE standard, preferably of the EUR, EUR 1, EUR 2, EUR 3 or ISO type as defined in the ISO standard 6780, even better EUROPE 80cm by 120 cm.

The container can be of internal section adapted to receive only two pallets arranged side by side, preferably being of internal section 2X + dx by Y + dy, or X + dx by 2Y + dy, where X and Y denote the dimensions on the sides of the pallets received in the container, with dx between 1 and 20 cm and dy between 1 and 20 cm, the pallets being preferably chosen from pallets of EUROPE standard, preferably of the type

EUR, EUR 1, EUR 2, EUR 3 or ISO as defined in standard ISO 6780, even better EUROPE 80cm by 120 cm.

The container may include a base, side walls, a rear wall, an upper wall, and a front door. The container can be metallic.

The front door and preferably with a double leaf, each leaf comprising several hinged flaps. This makes it possible to minimize the size of the door when it is open and thus to be able to position the open containers close together, which minimizes the space requirement on the ground. The door can be produced otherwise, for example comprising a shutter, two single leaves or a single leaf, or alternatively replaced by one or more removable bars, or a chain. Thus, the container can have an opening without door, through which can be mounted at least one bar or chain

It may be advantageous for at least one of the containers to have independent compartments which can be opened and closed independently of one another.

This can in particular be advantageous from a logistical point of view by allowing access to only part of the container to recover the corresponding goods, while the goods present in the other compartments remain inaccessible. This can be useful when the recipients of the goods are varied and when they are picked in a time-shifted manner by different parties.

The invention also relates to a container according to the invention and a standard pallet arranged inside. This palette can be unique, the container being simple.

The invention also relates to a container according to the invention and two standard pallets arranged one behind the other inside. These two pallets can be the only ones, the container being double.

Container hooking mechanism on shuttles or surface vehicles

Preferably, the shuttles and containers are arranged so that the containers can be locked in place by a suitable locking mechanism.

This mechanism is compatible with the automation of loading and unloading shuttles and / or vehicles.

The subject of the invention is also, independently or in combination with the above, a container comprising at least one first attachment means intended to cooperate with at least one second attachment means present on a platform intended to receive the container, in particular a platform of a shuttle or a surface vehicle, to allow its immobilization on said platform.

The first attachment means and the second attachment means can be configured to engage automatically when the container is placed on the platform.

The first attachment means may include at least one hook carried by the container, arranged to hang on the second attachment means.

The first attachment means may include at least one relief on which a hook of the second attachment means can be hooked, in particular a relief formed by or in a passage intended to receive a fork of a pallet truck.

The second attachment means may include a mechanism transforming a thrust exerted on a support member during the positioning of the container on the platform in a movement, in particular of rotation, of a hook coming to engage on the first attachment means, the latter preferably comprising a bar on which said hook engages at the end of its movement.

The first attachment means may include two lateral wings and the second attachment means of the rollers under which the lateral wings engage when the container is placed on the platform.

The second attachment means can comprise a vertically movable lock and the first attachment means comprise a housing for receiving this lock.

The platform may include rollers allowing the container to roll over.

In an exemplary implementation, the shuttles are fitted with latches which engage with the passages provided on the base of the containers for the forks of the pallet trucks. Thus, the containers can be locked at no additional cost at the container level since the structure of the container base does not have to be modified.

In variants, the containers are made to receive locks which engage on specific reliefs made elsewhere than at the passages for the forks of pallet trucks.

In other examples of implementation, the containers are equipped with locks arranged to hang on corresponding reliefs provided on the shuttles.

The locks can be unlocked, for example using electromagnetic actuators.

For example, there are four locks provided per container.

The container locking mechanism on the shuttles is preferably the same as that used to lock the containers on surface vehicles.

Container storage areas can also be made on the surface comprising receptacles for receiving containers fitted with the same locking means.

The subject of the invention is also, independently or in combination with the above, a set comprising:

- at least one container comprising said first attachment means,

- a shuttle or a surface vehicle, comprising said second attachment means.

Means for centering pallets in containers

Preferably, each container intended to receive a pallet comprises a means for centering this pallet inside the container.

Such a centering means is advantageous in the context of automated loading and unloading of containers, because it improves the precision of the positioning of the pallets in the containers and facilitates this automation.

This centering means preferably comprises one or more guides positioned at the periphery of the bottom of the container.

The centering means may include a ramp extending around the entire periphery of the bottom with the exception of two openings at the front of the container for the passage of the forks of the pallet truck.

The height of the ramp is for example between 1 and 20 cm. The dimensions of the ramp are chosen to leave just the place for the pallet on the bottom of the container. Thus, the pallet is guided by the ramp when it is placed in the container. The width of the ramp can be between 1 and 4 cm for example.

The ramp can be formed from one or more elements added to the bottom of the container, made of metal or thermoplastic material for example. The ramp can also have come from manufacturing with the bottom of the container, for example by stamping or by molding.

If necessary, the ramp can accommodate an electronic device and / or a sensor.

The subject of the invention is therefore, independently or in combination with the above, a container comprising a base and a means for centering a pallet, this centering means having openings for the passage of the forks of a pallet truck.

Container compartmentalization

The invention also relates, independently or in combination with the above, to a container comprising:

- a base,

- side walls,

- retractable supports or supports fixed to the side walls, making it possible to have at least one pallet in height in the container or to have inserts making it possible to compartmentalize the container.

Several compartments can be created within the container by placing at least one additional bottom at a certain height from the base.

One can for example have on the side walls of the profiles on which a plate is placed at the desired height. These profiles are for example riveted on the side walls when these are metallic.

The container can thus have several profiles waiting at different heights.

The side walls of the container can also be fitted with retractable supports, which can take a folded position against the wall, and a deployed position serving to support a pallet or a bottom plate placed on it.

These retractable supports include, for example, legs articulated on a support fixed to the wall, which can take two stable positions, namely a position where the tab is stored against the wall and the other where the tab does not extend upwards, for example obliquely to serve as support. The side wall of the container can be ribbed, and in the deployed position the tab can bear against a side of a rib, which ensures its blocking.

The containers can be without specific thermal insulation, and without a cold group. The containers can also be adapted to transport refrigerated goods.

Container for refrigerated goods

The subject of the invention is also, independently or in combination with the foregoing, a container comprising at least one box, preferably removable, made of thermal insulating material placed inside the container, in particular of dimensions adapted to be inserted without play or with a slight lateral play inside the container, this box preferably being pluggable.

By "weak clearance" is meant a clearance sufficient to allow the insertion of the box, but insufficient for the box to be able to move beyond measure then. The play is for example 1 cm or less between the wall of the box and the wall facing the container, better less than 0.5 cm, or even 0.2 cm.

The container can thus receive one or more boxes made of a thermal insulating material, for example expanded polystyrene.

These boxes can be of dimensions adapted to the interior volume of the container, and can be pluggable or not. These boxes can include a removable front cover, which allows their contents to be unloaded without removing the box from the container.

The use of boxes adapted to the interior dimensions of a container makes it possible to easily and inexpensively manufacture an insulated container suitable for transporting food goods. The case can easily be replaced, if necessary, if it is damaged.

Container with integrated bag

The invention also relates, independently or in combination with the above, to a container comprising:

- a bag arranged in the container so as to assume a folded state during the transport of goods in the container and a deployed state allowing the transport of empty packaging, the bag preferably being suspended from slides arranged inside the container , this bag preferably having a front panel which can be opened and closed using a closure.

The goods transported in the containers can include cardboard boxes and other packaging which the recipients of the goods wish to get rid of.

The return of these packages can be done using containers.

The bag can be unfolded to receive the packaging.

The container can be arranged to allow the bag to be suspended, while allowing its deployment from a configuration for transporting the goods where the bag rests against one of the walls of the container to an active configuration where the bag is deployed in the interior volume from the container.

The bag can be arranged to open at the front, for example thanks to a zipper, which allows it to be emptied without detaching it from the container.

Container with grab

The container can be used to transport a bucket containing, for example, waste such as rubble or bulky items, or waste to be recycled.

This bucket can be of dimensions adapted to the interior volume of the container, be plug-in and include lifting and emptying means automated by tilting. The bucket can optionally have wheels.

The bucket can if necessary have a front opening for the introduction of waste; thus, the container can be left open with the bucket inside, while it is filled by its front opening, then the container is closed and transported outside the city by the micro-tunnel.

Connected container

The container may include an electronic system allowing data to be recorded and / or transmitted to a receiver.

The container can be equipped with sensors providing information on the temperature and / or humidity conditions in its interior volume.

The container may also include one or more sensors providing information on the opening of the door, its movement and / or its position.

The data received can be recorded by the container and / or transmitted remotely by a suitable transmission protocol, for example of the Internet of Things type, such as SIGEOX, LORA or other.

The container can receive a connected pallet, that is to say provided with one or more sensors and / or transponders, and receive information from the pallet, better exchange data with it. For example, the container can store an identifier for the pallet.

The container can exchange information with the shuttle or the surface vehicle that transports it, and for example automatically transmit to this shuttle or this vehicle a delivery destination for the goods contained inside.

Container used as deposit

The container can be transported by the micro-tunnel, reassembled by an exchange station and brought to a location where it is left awaiting recovery of the goods by their recipient.

The container can be fitted with a door fitted with a connected lock, the opening of which can be controlled remotely. As a variant, the container receives a deposit module capable of one or more connected doors, the opening of which is remotely controllable.

The invention also relates, independently or in combination with the above, to a container comprising:

- side, rear and upper walls,

- a plug-in deposit module located inside the container, this deposit module comprising at least one locker provided with a door that can be unlocked remotely, the module preferably comprising a plurality of lockers each equipped with a door including unlocking can be controlled remotely.

Set of containers

The invention also relates to a set of containers for a merchandise distribution system as defined above. This set of containers preferably comprises a reduced number of container sizes, for example a single batch of simple containers of a size adapted to the reception of a single standard pallet, preferably EUROPE 800 by 1200 mm, with if necessary several variations. in height of these containers, and a set of accessories allowing the occupation of these containers to be adjusted according to the different applications and the nature of the goods, such as inserts for example in the form of plates making it possible to compartmentalize them, boxes isotherms, skips and / or deposit modules.

This batch of containers and accessories can possibly be completed by double containers intended to receive two pallets, preferably EUROPE.

The subject of the invention is also an assembly comprising a container according to the invention and a plug-in container, preferably comprising a pivoting cover, possibly a front opening provided with a folding flap, and a lifting means making it possible to tilt it for the empty.

Surface vehicles

Once reassembled by an exchange station, a container can be loaded on a clean vehicle which provides its transport over a short distance to its destination.

Preferably, this vehicle is lowered, so that loaded with the container its height remains less than or equal to 2.80 m.

This makes it possible to use parking lots or basements as container storage and vehicle loading spaces.

Vehicles can have a receiving platform for one or more containers, loaded from the rear of the vehicle.

The vehicle is preferably compatible with automated loading, and may include a retractable drop side at the rear, which is raised after loading the vehicle. The vehicle platform can be fitted with rollers allowing the container to roll to its final position on the platform. This can avoid the use of lifting means and further facilitate the conveying of containers.

Goods distribution process

Another subject of the invention, according to another of its aspects, is a method of distributing goods in an urban environment using a system according to the invention as defined above, comprising the steps consisting in:

a) bring goods by surface transport to an exchange or scheduling station,

b) place them in preferably plug-in containers,

c) lower these containers to the micro-tunnel,

d) circulate the containers in the micro-tunnel to another exchange station with the surface,

e) bring the containers up to the surface.

The process can also include the following additional steps:

f) collect the containers, or all or part of the goods they contain,

g) deliver to their recipients the containers, complete or in pre-established sub-elements during the packaging of the containers.

Preferably, the majority of the goods transported within the loop come from at least one scheduling station arranged to ensure significant logistic flows, and connected to the loop by a dedicated line, namely the penetrating line mentioned above.

The process may involve the transport of more than 1,000 t / d, or even more than 10,000 t / d of goods.

The process may include the step of transporting the containers on shuttles towed by cables. The cable can run at a speed greater than or equal to 5 m / s, better still greater than or equal to 7 m / s, for example of the order of 8 m / s or more. Each shuttle can be accelerated when it leaves an exchange station to reach cable speed and progressively braked on arrival at the next exchange station. Each shuttle may include a disengageable clamp which engages the cable.

The weight of each loaded container is preferably between 100 and 500 kg or even more, for example 1000kg or more.

In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the method comprises the following steps, for a container equipped with a deposit module or comprising several independent compartments, which can be opened selectively:

- load goods in the deposit module or in the compartments,

- transport the container to the micro-tunnel and within the micro-tunnel to an exchange station,

- reassemble the container on the surface,

- take it to a collection point or place it on a surface vehicle,

- notify the recipient of the arrival of the container at the collection point or the arrival of the vehicle at destination,

- allow the automated opening of the deposit or compartment containing the goods to be recovered,

- bring the container back into the micro-tunnel and transport it to a station where the container is loaded again with goods.

The method can also include the steps of:

- Load at least one container on a lowered vehicle whose total height, when the vehicle is loaded with the container, is less than 2.80m.

In an example of implementation of the method, the container can be brought, in particular by surface transport vehicles, to a point for recovering the goods, the container comprising at least one locker equipped with a door whose unlocking can be remotely controlled, or housing a deposit module comprising at least one locker fitted with a door, the unlocking of which can be controlled remotely, in particular using a mobile telephone.

The process can include the steps of:

- Place the container on a platform of a shuttle, in particular in an automated way, preferably by using the passages of the container provided to receive the forks of a pallet truck or by rolling the container on rollers,

- lock the container in position using the aforementioned first and second attachment means,

- transport the container via the transport loop to an exchange station with the surface,

- act on at least one of the first and second hooking means and unlock the container,

- remove the container from the transport shuttle, in particular in an automated manner, preferably using the passages of the container provided to receive the forks of a pallet truck, or by rolling it on rollers,

- bring the container to a surface vehicle, in particular by using an elevator and one or more conveyors, in particular with rollers and / or autonomous pallet trucks,

- place the container on a platform of the surface vehicle, in particular in an automated manner, preferably by using the passages of the container provided to receive the forks of a pallet truck, or by rolling it on rollers,

- Lock the container in position using the first and second attachment means.

The process can include the steps of:

a) Transport the container in an urban environment on a surface vehicle,

b) collect goods contained in the container without removing it from the surface vehicle or unlocking the container from the platform,

c) repeat steps a) and b) or return the empty container to a surface station.

When the container is to be delivered to a certain destination, the container can be automatically unlocked from the platform when the vehicle arrives at its destination.

An electronic circuit can be loaded on the container and exchange information with the surface vehicle, in particular transmitting a destination of the goods to it and / or allowing the vehicle to automatically identify the container, then by accessing a database, to know the destination of the goods.

When the container contains:

- a bag arranged in the container so as to assume a folded state during the transport of goods in the container and a deployed state allowing the transport of empty packaging, the bag preferably being suspended from slides arranged inside the container , this bag preferably having a front panel that can be opened and closed using a closure, the method may include the step of removing the goods present in the container, and once the container is empty of its goods, deploy the bag, load the bag with empty packaging, in particular the packaging of goods previously transported with the container or with an identical container, then bring the container loaded with the packaging to an exchange station and transport the container to using the transport loop to a station where it is collected, emptied of the packaging present in the bag and r used, the bag preferably being folded back into the container.

detailed description

The invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description which follows, of non-limiting examples of implementation thereof, and on examining the appended drawing, in which:

FIG. 1 very schematically represents a top view of the path followed by the transport loop in an exemplary implementation of the invention,

FIG. 2 is a vertical section of the system according to the invention, in the heart of the city,

- Figure 3 shows schematically in perspective an example of an exchange station connecting two sections of the transport loop,

- Figure 4 shows a variant of exchange station,

FIG. 5 schematically represents a variant of the transport loop,

- Figure 6 shows an example of a container according to the invention, closed,

FIG. 7 represents the container of FIG. 7, open,

FIGS. 8 represents several open containers arranged side by side,

FIG. 9 represents the large side of the base of the container in isolation,

FIG. 10 represents the small side of the base of the container in isolation,

FIG. 11 represents the bottom of the container,

- Figure 12 illustrates the insertion of the forks of a pallet truck into the container,

- Figure 13 illustrates the centering of a pallet on the bottom of the container,

FIG. 14 represents a variant of a container offering several storage stages,

FIG. 15 is a view similar to FIG. 14 with a different arrangement of the interior volume of the container,

FIG. 16 represents the detail XVI of FIG. 15,

FIG. 17 represents a variant of container,

- Figures 18 and 19 illustrate the use of the container of Figure 17 with loads on several floors,

FIG. 20 represents the detail XX of FIG. 19,

- Figures 21 to 26, 28 and 29 show different examples of packaging of refrigerated goods in a container,

FIG. 27 represents a variant of container,

FIGS. 30 to 32 illustrate variants of container formats,

FIGS. 33 to 35 show a variant of a container with an integrated bag,

FIG. 36 represents a container containing a plug-in waste collection bin,

FIG. 37 is a similar view with a variant of a bucket on wheels,

FIG. 37A shows a detail of the bucket,

FIG. 38 represents a variant of connected container,

FIGS. 39 and 40 show variants of container with deposit,

FIGS. 41 to 57 represent variants of the deposit container,

- Figure 58 illustrates the use of a deposit container,

FIG. 59 partially and schematically represents a set of containers and a shuttle,

FIGS. 60 and 61 illustrate an example of locking the container on the shuttle,

FIGS. 62 to 64 are views similar to FIGS. 60 and 61 of variants for locking the container on the shuttle,

FIGS. 65A to 65C illustrate the loading of containers on a surface vehicle,

FIG. 66 represents the surface vehicle,

FIG. 67 represents a cart for handling a container according to the invention,

FIGS. 68 to 72 illustrate a variant of the container locking mechanism, and

- Figures 73 to 76 are views similar to Figures 68 to 72 of another variant of the locking mechanism, Figure 74 being a view along QXXIV of Figure 75.

The merchandise distribution system 1 according to the invention, represented in FIG. 1, comprises a micro-tunnel 2 which forms at least one transport loop 7 extending at least partially under a dense urban environment M constituting the heart of a city and comprising, as can be seen in Figure 2, surface buildings B as well as buried infrastructure I, under which extends the micro-tunnel 2. The latter is arranged to allow the automated transport of goods present in containers.

The system 1 includes exchange stations 4 allowing the descent and ascent of goods from the surface, these exchange stations 4 being arranged along the transport loop 7 so as to allow goods to be transported to different areas Z of the city for local distribution.

The system 1 also includes stations 6 for scheduling goods, which are provided outside of the urban environment M, on the outskirts of the city, so as to facilitate the routing and departure of the goods by surface means of transport. 8, such as trucks.

Each exchange station 4 has a well within which extends a container transport system, between the surface or a buried warehouse, and the microtunnel 2.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, it can be seen that the containers 3 are carried by transport shuttles 17 which run unidirectionally in the microtunnel 2.

The containers 3 loaded with goods are brought by surface transport means 8 to at least one of the scheduling stations 6 located on the outskirts or outside the city. The containers are then lowered to the microtunnel 2. Each container 3 is then transported to the exchange station 4 where at least part of the goods transported must be delivered, then brought back to the surface. After removal of these goods, the container 3 is lowered to the microtunnel 2 to continue its journey.

One or more elevators can be provided which carry up or down the containers.

The storage of the containers is preferably carried out in one or more surface warehouses or buried at shallow depth.

The exchange station 4 connects in the example of FIG. 3 a first section 107a of the transport loop 7 to a second section 107b, which is aligned with the first in this example.

Cable drive mechanisms 42 are provided for moving the shuttles 17 along the different sections 107 of the transport loop.

The shuttles 17 comprise a disengageable clamp device which engages on the transport cable, in a similar manner to the mechanisms present on disengageable drag lifts and chairlifts.

Devices 70 and 80 are provided respectively to ensure progressive braking on arrival at station 4 and progressive acceleration when leaving the station, thanks to an auxiliary drive system.

In the example of FIG. 3, the braking device 70 comprises for example rollers which operate increasing friction on the shuttles 17 on their arrival near the station 4 so as to slow them down to the area where the cable drive stops. Each shuttle is then taken over by conveying, for example by rollers which drive it past a system 50 for loading / unloading containers 3.

This system 50 may include a conveyor 51 with rollers for transporting the containers 3 in front of the entrance to an elevator 60 which allows them to be drawn to the surface. The elevator can be a hoist with two compartments, one being for example used to recover the containers 3 unloaded by the shuttles 17 and the other to receive the containers 3 sent from the surface and load them on the shuttles 17, as illustrated.

Then, the shuttles 17 leave the station 4 being progressively accelerated by the device 80 which allows the shuttles 17 to reach the speed of the drive cable so as to be driven by it.

In the variant of FIG. 4, the microtunel sections 107a and 107b form an angle between them and the exchange station 4 comprises a loading / unloading system. The shuttles which reach the exchange station 4 are successively positioned on a section of track 90, movable laterally between a first position where it comes in the extension of the rails 40 of the upstream section 7a, to receive the shuttle 17, and second a position as illustrated in FIG. 4, for unloading the shuttle 17, in which this section of movable track 90 comes into alignment with a track 91 for loading / unloading. This track 91 passes in front of a transhipment opening of the containers 3 towards an elevator 60 for the ascent / descent of these.

Once the containers 3 have been loaded or unloaded from the shuttles 17 which pass in front of the elevator 60 using any suitable transshipment mechanism, the shuttles are positioned on a second section of movable track 92, which can be moved laterally between a position allowing loading the shuttles 17 which run on track 91 and a position where this movable section is aligned with a third section of track 95 located on a rotating platform 96. This rotating platform 96 makes it possible to recover the shuttle 17 previously positioned on the second section of movable track 92, and its rails can be placed in alignment with track 40 of the second downstream section 107b with a view to the departure of shuttle 17 in the latter.

Such a shuttle loading / unloading system 17 allows rapid and automated handling of containers 3, compatible with cable training 42, and the presence of the mobile platform 96 facilitates the construction of the loop by allowing the use of sections of loop 107 rectilinear or substantially rectilinear.

In variants not illustrated, the shuttles 17 are pivoted without a rotating platform by rolling them on rollers or rollers and no longer on rails between the sections 107a and 107b, and using guide means making it possible, where appropriate, to make a relatively tight turn.

It is also possible, in variants not illustrated, to bring the shuttles to an unloading / loading track without transporting them simultaneously with the rails on which they are engaged, by moving them using a conveyor.

In another variant, it is also possible to unload or load the shuttles while they are on a track located in the continuity of the tracks extending in the sections 107 of the micro-tunnel.

Preferably, the microtunel as well as the exchange stations are placed under a reduced oxygen atmosphere or under an inert atmosphere in order to reduce the risk of fire. This makes it possible to limit the cost of the infrastructure by not making certain necessary safety devices that would otherwise be required by standards.

FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the transport loop 7, comprising sections 107 of rectilinear or substantially rectilinear micro-tunnels, connected by the exchange stations 4, which are for example as illustrated in the figures 3 and 4.

The main flow of goods injected into the loop 7 can circulate by a line 110 called penetrating, connected to a peripheral scheduling station 6 which constitutes a rear base, where the goods to be transported are conditioned and scheduled according to their destination. Thus, the goods intended to pass through the same exchange station 4 of the loop 7 to reach their final destination are packaged in the same container 3, and this packaging can advantageously take place at the scheduling station. The loading order of the shuttles at the scheduling station 6 can also be carried out according to the destination of the goods loaded on each of these shuttles. The station 6 can thus ensure the management of a large part of the flow of goods which is injected into the loop, and can make it possible to limit the flow of goods loaded on the shuttles from the exchange stations 4 located on the loop.

Line 110 can be bidirectional, and made in the form of a two-way tunnel or two parallel or non-parallel micro-tunnels.

On the surface, the exchange stations may include a container storage area 3, pending their dispatch to a loading or unloading dock where they can be installed on electric vehicles for example.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show an example of a container 3 according to the invention according to one of its aspects.

This container 3 comprises a plug-in base 200 and side walls 201, rear 202 and upper 203. It is provided at the front with a closure means which can be of any type and preferably in the form of a door 204 with double leaf, each leaf comprising two flaps 205 which can be folded over one another. The flaps 205 are hinged together and hinged to the side walls of the container 3.

Thus, the door 204 when opened completely frees access to the interior volume of the container. When the flaps 205 are folded against each other, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the space requirement of the doors is reduced and the containers can be placed close to each other, to minimize the occupancy of the ground.

The plug-in base 200 has passages 210 passing from front to back and others 211 from left to right for engaging the pins F of a pallet truck.

The width ai of the passages 210 is preferably between 29 and 50 cm and that a2 of the passages 211 between 20 and 25 cm. The width bi of the studs outside the passages

210 is preferably between 10 and 20 cm and that t> 2 of the central stud present between the passages 210 is preferably between 10 and 18 cm. The passages 211 preferably extend at a distance ci from the edge of the container of between 8 and 15 cm and the interval C2 between the passages 211 is preferably between 10 and 18 cm.

The passages 211 may or may not be open downwards. The same is true of the passages 210. In FIGS. 9 and 10, the passages 210 are closed downwards by a wall 214 while the passages 211 are open downwards.

The base 200 can be made of metal or of a synthetic material, in particular thermoplastic, optionally composite or reinforced with fibers. The base 200 may include a metal frame overmolded with a thermoplastic material.

The side, rear and upper walls of the container may be made of metal or of synthetic material, in particular composite. The container may include a metal frame on which a thermoplastic material is overmolded to form said walls.

Preferably, the container has lateral, rear and upper walls which are metallic, in particular in ribbed sheet metal for more rigidity. These walls can be assembled to a metallic frame, preferably strong enough to allow the stacking of containers.

Preferably, as illustrated in FIGS. 11 to 13, the container 3 comprises means for centering 220 of a pallet resting inside the container on the base 200.

In the example considered, these centering means comprise a ramp which extends around the periphery of the base 200 inside the container, and has two openings 222 at the front for the passage of the pins L of the pallet truck, as illustrated in figure 12.

FIGS. 11 to 13 show schematically a pallet P placed on the base 200. It can be seen that the clearance j between the base of the ramp and the edge of the pallet is reduced, for example between 0.5 and 2 cm

The height k of the ramp is for example between 1 and 20 cm. This height can be lower than that of the P pallet.

The container 3 can be produced so as to be able to compartmentalize it, as illustrated in FIGS. 14 to 16.

In this example, the container 3 is made with ribbed side walls 201, on which profiles 230 are fixed at different heights within the container, for example 1/3, ^1/2 and 2/3 of the height.

Each profile 230 preferably has a projection 231 which follows the concavity of a rib and two wings 232 which bear on the back of the adjacent ribs. The wings 232 can be fixed by rivets 234 to the side wall 201 of the container 3.

Each profile 230 has a support surface 235 for a plate 238 making it possible to compartmentalize the container 3, as illustrated.

In the variant illustrated in FIGS. 17 to 20, the container 3 includes retractable supports 240 which can take a first configuration, illustrated in FIG. 17, in which they are folded against the adjacent wall 201, and a second deployed configuration, illustrated in the figures. 18 to 20, in which they support a load.

Each support 240 may comprise, as illustrated in FIG. 20, a tab 241 which is articulated on a support 242 fixed on the adjacent wall 201, for example by riveting.

The tab 241 may have a shape adapted to bear on a side of a rib of the sheet, as illustrated in FIG. 20, which distributes the forces over a larger area.

The articulation of the tab 241 on the support 242 can be done so as to require lifting the tab 241 before being able to tilt it. This guarantees a stable hold in the retracted configuration.

The supports 240, when deployed, can be used to hold a pallet P, as illustrated in FIG. 18, or to maintain plates 238 each defining the floor of a compartment, as illustrated in FIG. 19.

The possibility of placing pallets at different heights provides additional flexibility, making it possible to use the same simple container with several pallets, which is advantageous when the goods packaged on a pallet are of low height.

When the supports 240 are retracted, they do not interfere with the goods M carried by the pallet P, as illustrated in FIG. 17.

We will now describe with reference to Figures 21 to 28 different examples of containers 3 suitable for the transport of fresh or refrigerated goods.

In the example of FIGS. 21 and 22, the container 3 receives a plug-in box 250 made of thermal insulating material. A front panel 251 made of the same material can be attached to the box 250, as illustrated in FIG. 22.

Figures 23 and 24 show a variant which differs from the example of Figures 21 and 22 in that the container 3 has two superimposed compartments, each receiving a plug-in box 250. Each of these boxes 250 can be closed before closing the container 3 by a corresponding individual closure panel 251.

In the variant of FIGS. 25 and 26, the container 3 receives an insulated box 252 closed at the front by a front panel 253 put in place before the container 3 is closed.

The 252 housing is not plug-in but can be replaced when damaged.

The variant of FIGS. 27 and 28 differs from that of FIGS. 25 and 26 by the fact that the box 252 is with multiple compartments 254, each provided with an individual closure panel 255.

Preferably, the container 3 has a width W of between 125 cm and 135 cm, a depth D of between 85 cm and 130 cm, and a height H of between 180 cm and 240 cm. Such a container is said to be simple, because it is intended to receive a standard pallet, for example with sides 80 cm by 120 cm.

In a variant, the container is of lesser height, and has a height H of between 85 and 95 cm for example, as illustrated in FIG. 30.

The container 3 can also be double, as illustrated in FIGS. 31 and 32, and have the same width W but a depth D of between 170 and 250 cm, so as to receive two pallets P arranged side by side, for example two EUROPE standard pallets.

FIG. 33 shows a container 3 which incorporates a bag 280 allowing the return of bulk packaging.

This bag 280 is for example open in the upper part and suspended from slides 281 present under the upper wall of the container 3.

The bag 280 can be folded against the rear wall of the container 3 when the latter receives goods on a pallet.

Once these goods have been removed, the bag 280 can be deployed by sliding its fasteners forward, as shown in Figure 34.

Preferably, as illustrated, the bag 280 can be loaded from the front, thanks to a front panel 282 provided with a zipper 283 for example.

Once the packages E have been removed from the bag 280, the front panel 282 can be closed and the bag 280 folded against the rear wall of the container 3.

Thus, the containers 3 can easily ensure the transport of goods and the return of empty packaging.

There is shown in Figure 36 a container 3 in which is received a bucket 300 suitable for collecting bulk waste.

The external dimensions of the bucket 300 are adapted to the internal volume of the container 3, and there is for example an interval of less than 15 cm with the side walls of the container 3, better less than 10 cm, even better less than 7 cm.

The bucket 300 can be plug-in thanks to a base 301 having passages 302 for this purpose.

The bucket 300 may have a front loading opening, possibly fitted with a shutter 303.

Container 3 can be left in place in a collection area with the bucket 300 inside. When the latter is full, the container can be picked up and lowered by an exchange station 4 to the micro-tunnel, then returned to a scheduling station 6, where it is unloaded.

FIG. 37 shows an alternative embodiment of the bucket 300 which differs from that illustrated in FIG. 36 by the fact that the bucket 300 is provided with wheels 309 which make it possible to move it more easily when it leaves the container 3.

The bucket 300 can be removed from the container 3. It can comprise, as illustrated in FIG. 37A, a pivoting cover 317, so as to be emptied into a dump truck by means of lifting bars 308 which allow it to be turned over the area of the truck provided for this purpose.

The container 3 according to the invention is preferably connected, that is to say that it can communicate with an external computer system.

The container 3 may include an electronic circuit 320 arranged to transmit information to a server responsible for monitoring the circulation of the containers 3.

This electronic circuit 320 can be placed in the base 200.

The container 3 may include one or more sensors 321 which inform the electronic circuit 320 for example on the temperature inside the container 3, the humidity, the opening of the container 3, its position, its movements.

This data can be saved locally and transmitted to the server responsible for monitoring periodically or when passing near a reading terminal.

The container 3 can also be arranged if necessary to read an electronic label 400 carried by the pallet P disposed inside the container 3.

This label 400 can transmit to the container 3 an identifier of the pallet P.

The container 3 can communicate with the tracking server and receive from the latter information concerning the destination of the pallet for example.

Container 3, once arrived at destination, can warn the server of the arrival of the P pallet.

Data transmission from container 3 can be done in various ways, for example by an IoT transmission network such as SIGEOX or LORA.

The electronic device fitted to the container can be programmed to perform various functions, in particular all or part of the following functions:

- monitor the position of the container, by receiving location information from a geolocation chip fitted to the container, of GPS type for example, and / or by receiving information from a terminal near which the container passes , for example when arriving at an exchange station,

- record the container journey and / or upload this journey to a server responsible for monitoring the containers,

- record data from at least one temperature, humidity, acceleration, liquid and / or pressure sensor and / or upload data to a server responsible for monitoring containers,

- indicate if necessary when the data measured by a sensor deviates from a predefined range, for example excessive temperature or excessive acceleration linked for example to a fall of the container during its handling,

- detect an opening of the container and / or report this opening to a server responsible for monitoring the containers, so as to guarantee the traceability of the goods loaded in the container,

- detect the loading of the container, for example using an optical sensor or a strain gauge, which can provide information on the weight of the goods and trigger an alarm in the event of overload, or allow verification from the weight measurement the consistency of the measurement with the expected weight, which can help to verify that given goods are loaded in the container which is to receive them,

- control the opening of the container when the door is fitted with a remotely controllable lock,

- control the opening of one or more lockers in the container, when these lockers are fitted with remotely controllable doors,

- allow communication with a mobile phone or other suitable terminal, to control the opening of one or more doors, this communication being for example of WIFI, BLUETOOTH, NFC, WAN or LAN type,

- read at least one RFID chip carried by a pallet or goods present on the pallet, or carried by an element fixed in the container, such as for example a deposit module, one or more insulated boxes or a bucket,

- exchange data with RFID chips carried by goods on the pallet to inventory them, and check for example that only the goods to be taken at an exchange station or a collection point are indeed ,

- record information on the origin of the load and / or its destination,

- transmit this information to a shuttle or a surface vehicle on which the container is placed and / or to a robotic system responsible for loading and / or unloading shuttles, or to an operator responsible for picking up the goods,

- ensure the charging of a battery fitted to the container,

- control the locking means on a shuttle or surface vehicle, in particular ensuring the unlocking of a container when it arrives at its destination.

We will now describe with reference to FIGS. 39 to 58 examples of the use of a container 3 as a deposit.

In these examples, the container 3 comprises at least one closed compartment, the opening of which can be triggered by a person authorized to recover the contents of this compartment.

Container 3 can be stored in an area reserved for this purpose. People are warned of the arrival of the container with their package inside, and trigger the opening of the corresponding compartment, for example using a code entered with their mobile phone.

The compartment containing the package can be equipped with a light signaling device warning the person of his location, as illustrated in Figure 58.

Preferably, the distribution system according to the invention comprises containers 3 having a common main part, of the same interior volume for all the containers, having the same base, side walls, upper and rear. From this main part common to the container park, it is possible to make variations depending on the type of goods to be transported or the intended application.

It is thus advantageous to have in the common main part a deposit module 500 comprising several independent lockers closed by as many doors 501, each to be unlocked electronically by entering a specific code using a mobile phone for example .

This module 500 can be fixed to the side walls 201 of the container 3, as illustrated in FIG. 39, or to the base 200 of the container 3, as illustrated in FIG. 40.

The lockers of module 500 can be of different sizes, so as to accommodate a wide variety of goods.

In FIGS. 41 to 53, various arrangements of the container 3 are shown when the latter is produced with several compartments each provided with a specific opening.

If necessary, several containers 3 can be superimposed, as illustrated in FIGS. 54 to 57.

In Figure 59, there is shown very schematically a shuttle 17 arranged to circulate in the micro-tunnel, and containers 3 in place thereon.

The base 200 of the containers 3 is adapted to be locked in position on this shuttle 17.

To ensure this locking, the shuttle or the vehicle can be provided with at least one lock 550 which engages on the base to block it, as illustrated in FIG. 60.

This lock 550 may include a hook which hooks onto a relief of the base 200, for example a relief 552 disposed in a receiving passage of a pallet fork.

To unlock the container 3, the lock is moved, for example by means of an electromagnetic or pneumatic actuator, as illustrated in FIG. 61.

The container can also be fitted with a lock 560, adapted to automatically catch on a corresponding relief 561 of the shuttle 17 or of the surface vehicle.

To unlock the container 3, this lock is moved, for example by an actuator present on the shuttle 17 or the surface vehicle, or forming part of the base 200 of the container 3.

In the variant of FIGS. 68 to 72, the platform 1000 intended to receive the container, on the shuttle 17 in particular, comprises a locking mechanism 900 actuated automatically by the positioning of the base of the container 3.

The base of the container 200 can be provided, as illustrated, with a hanging bar 910.

The mechanism 900 comprises a support element 911, movable relative to the platform 1000, which is pushed by the base 200 during the positioning of the container, as illustrated in FIGS. 68 to 70.

This element 911 may include a hook 912 which engages on a corresponding relief 913 produced on the base 200, for example on a section 913 intended to receive a pallet fork, this relief being in the form of a hole 914 in this section . The engagement of the hook 912 in the hole 914 as well as the abutment of the profile 913 against the support element 911 participate in maintaining the container 3 on the platform.

The support element 911 is connected by a linkage 916 to a pivoting hook 920. A rack can be provided on the linkage 916, cooperating with teeth present on the hook 920, to transform the recoil of the element 911 during the establishment of the base 200 in a rotation of the hook 920. At the end of its rotation, the hook 920 engages on the bar 910, as illustrated in FIG. 71, which also contributes to maintaining the container 3 on the platform 1000.

One can provide, as illustrated in FIG. 72, a locking pin 930 movable vertically relative to the platform, and a corresponding housing 931 on the base 200 of the container 3, to secure the blocking of the latter.

The pin 930 is for example actuated by a pivoting arm 932, which can be moved by any suitable actuator.

A return spring 933 is provided for returning the hook 920 to the open position when the container 3 is unloaded. To do this, the pin 930 is retracted into the platform 1000, and the container 3 is moved back relative to the support element 911. During this retraction, the spring 933 brings the support element 911 to follow container 3 and hook 920 to release bar 910.

A slight clearance can be provided, if necessary, to allow the container 3 to be slightly raised with the forks of a pallet truck while the hook 920 covers the bar 910, so as to move it back. As a variant, the platform 1000 is provided with rollers on which the base 200 rests, so that the retraction of the pin 930 causes an automatic retraction of the container 3 under the return effect of the spring 933, the container 3 rolling during this recoil on the rollers.

In the alternative embodiment of FIGS. 73 to 76, the platform 1000 comprises rollers 1010 on which the container 3 can roll.

The base 200 of the container is made with lateral wings 290 and the platform 1000 is provided with rollers 1030 under which the wings 290 of the base 290 engage. The platform 1000 can comprise four rollers 1030, so that the container 3 is thus retained vertically on the platform 1000, and locked in the direction perpendicular to its insertion by stops 1040, on which the rollers 1030 can be mounted.

A locking pin mechanism 930 as described above ensures the complete immobilization of the base 200.

To remove the container 3 from the platform 1000, the pin is retracted and the base 200 is moved in reverse relative to the platform 1000.

We will now describe, with reference to FIGS. 65A to 65C, an example of loading at least one container 13 on a surface vehicle 600.

Containers 3 are for example loaded in groups of four on the same vehicle.

Containers 3 can be transported from the lift of the exchange station to a vehicle loading dock by any type of conveyor, and for example by roller conveyors.

These can be located at the same height as the vehicle loading platform, as illustrated.

The latter can be an autonomous vehicle, lowered, so that its total height T, as illustrated in FIG. 66, is less than 2.80m, so as to allow it to circulate in underground car parks. The platform 1000 intended to receive the containers can be located at a height M from the ground less than or equal to 40 cm.

The vehicle can be fitted at the rear with a retractable drop side 606, lowered during the loading of the containers 3 and raised during their transport.

The unloading of containers 3 at destination is preferably carried out with an unloading platform at the height of the vehicle platform. The container 3 can also be provided with lifting lugs, in which lifting hooks can engage.

When the container 3 is produced in the form of a deposit, the container 3 can remain on the vehicle; in this case, the recipient of the package is notified of the arrival of his package by a message on his phone, for example, and can pick it up at a vehicle parking point.

The container 3 according to the invention being pluggable, it can be moved using a pallet truck.

In the absence of a pallet truck, the container 3 can be placed on a carriage 700 as illustrated in FIG. 67, comprising wheels 701 and a plate 702 adapted to the dimensions of the base 200, with a flange 703 at the periphery to maintain container 3 centered on tray 702.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples illustrated.

We can combine together different construction features described separately.

The container can be provided with closing means other than those which have just been described. For example, the container 3 does not have any door at the front, or comprises, as a closure, one or more removable bars 1200 as illustrated in FIG. 29, or even a simple chain as illustrated in dotted lines in FIG. 29.

Claims (37)

1. Container (3), in particular for a system (1) for the distribution of goods in an urban environment, this system comprising: at least one micro-tunnel (2) forming at least one transport loop, a larger internal dimension of the micro-tunnel, in cross section, in particular its internal diameter, preferably being between 1.5 m and 4 m, - shuttles (17) circulating in the micro-tunnel, - A plurality of exchange stations (4) with the surface, allowing the goods to be brought up, the container (3) being plug-in, and having a base (200) of internal dimensions adapted to receive a single or at most two pallets ( P). 2. Container (3) according to claim 1, comprising: - At least a first attachment means intended to cooperate with at least a second attachment means present on a platform intended to receive the container, in particular a platform of a shuttle (17) or of a surface vehicle (600 ), to allow its immobilization on said platform. 3. Container according to claim 2, the first attachment means and the second attachment means being configured to engage automatically when the container is placed on the platform. 4. Container according to claim 3, the first attachment means comprising at least one hook carried by the container, arranged to hang on the second attachment means. 5. Container according to claim 2 or 3, the first attachment means comprising at least one relief on which can hook a hook of the second attachment means, in particular a relief formed by or in a passage intended to receive a fork a pallet truck. 6. Container according to any one of claims 3 to 5, the second attachment means comprising a mechanism transforming a thrust exerted on a support member (911) during the positioning of the container on the platform in a movement , in particular of rotation, of a hook (920) coming to engage on the first hooking means (910), the latter preferably comprising a bar on which said hook engages at the end of its movement. 7. Container according to any one of claims 3 to 6, the first attachment means comprising two lateral wings (290) and the second attachment means of the rollers (1030) under which the lateral wings engage during the placement of the container on the platform. 8. Container according to any one of claims 3 to 7, the second attachment means comprising a lock (930) movable vertically and the first attachment means comprising a housing (931) for receiving this lock. 9. Container according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a base (200) and a centering means (220) of a pallet (P), this centering means having openings (222) for the passage of the forks. 'a pallet truck. 10. Container (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: - a base (200), - side walls (201), - supports (230) or retractable supports (240) fixed to the side walls, making it possible to have at least one pallet (P) in height in the container or to have inserts (238) making it possible to compartmentalize the container. 11. Container (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: - a bag (280) arranged in the container so as to assume a folded state during the transport of goods in the container (3) and a deployed state allowing the transport of empty packages, the bag preferably being suspended from slides arranged inside the container, this bag preferably having a front panel (282) which can be opened and closed using a closure (283). 12. Container (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: - side walls (201), rear (202) and upper (203), - a pluggable deposit module (500) disposed inside the container (3), this deposit module comprising at least one locker provided with a door which can be unlocked remotely, the module (500) preferably comprising a plurality of lockers each equipped with a door, the unlocking of which can be controlled remotely. 13. Container according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a door (204) with two leaves, each formed by at least two flaps (206) articulated, foldable one on the other. 14. Container according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising an opening without door, through which can be mounted at least one bar (1200) or a chain. 15. Container (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one box (250), preferably removable, made of thermal insulating material placed inside the container (3), in particular of dimensions adapted to s' insert without play or with a slight lateral play inside the container, this box preferably being pluggable. 16. Container according to any one of the preceding claims, being of internal section adapted to receive a single pallet (P). 17. Container according to claim 16, being of internal section X + dx by Y + dy, where X and Y denote the dimensions of the sides of the pallet received in the container, with dx between 1 and 20 cm and / or dy including between 1 and 20 cm, the pallet being preferably chosen from the EUROPE standard pallets, preferably of the EUR, EUR 1, EUR 2, EUR 3 or ISO type as defined in the ISO 6780 standard, even better EUROPE with sides 80 cm by 120 cm. 18. Container (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, being of internal section adapted to receive only two pallets arranged side by side, preferably being of internal section 2X + dx by Y + dy, or X + dx by 2 Y + dy, where X and Y denote the dimensions of the sides of the pallets received in the container, with dx between 1 and 20 cm and / or dy between 1 and 20 cm, the pallets being preferably chosen from the EUROPE standard pallets, preferably of the EUR, EUR 1, EUR 2, EUR 3 or ISO type as defined in ISO 6780, even better EUROPE with sides 80cm by 120 cm. 19. Container according to any one of the preceding claims, the height (H) of the container being between 100 and 240 cm. 20. Container according to any one of the preceding claims, being devoid of refrigeration unit. 21. Assembly comprising a container (3) as defined in any one of the preceding claims and goods on a pallet (P) placed inside the container (3), in particular on a single pallet inside the container . 22. Assembly comprising a container as defined in any one of claims 1 to 20 and a plug-in bucket (300), preferably comprising a pivoting cover, preferably a front opening (303) provided with a foldable flap, and lifting means (308) for tilting it to empty it. 23. Set comprising: - At least one container according to any one of claims 1 to 20, including one of claims 2 to 8, comprising said first attachment means, - a shuttle (17) or a surface vehicle (600), comprising said second attachment means. 24. Set comprising: - a plurality of containers (3) each according to any one of claims 1 to 20, in particular of size suitable for the reception of a single pallet, and - a set of accessories allowing the occupation of these containers to be adjusted according to the different applications and the nature of the goods, chosen from inserts (238) making it possible to compartmentalize them, insulated boxes (250), skips (300 ) and / or setpoint modules (500). 25. Urban goods distribution system, comprising: - at least one micro-tunnel forming at least one transport loop, - shuttles (17) running unidirectionally in the transport loop, - a set of containers (3) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 20, - a plurality of exchange stations (4) with the surface, allowing the containers (3) to rise. 26. The system of claim 25, the micro-tunnel (2) comprising sections assembled one after the other, of length between 2.5 and 3.5 m, and wall thickness between 150 and 500 mm. 27. System according to one of claims 25 and 26, the micro-tunnel being buried at a depth greater than or equal to 20m, better at 30m, even better at 40m. 28. System according to any one of claims 25 to 27, the shuttles (17) being towed by at least one cable (42) within the micro-tunnel. 29. System according to any one of claims 25 to 28, comprising at least one station (6) for scheduling the goods to be injected into the loop and to be distributed via the exchange stations (4) located on the buckle (7). 30. A method of distributing goods in an urban environment using a system (1) as defined in any one of claims 25 to 29, comprising the steps consisting in: a) bringing goods by surface transport (8) to a scheduling station (6), b) descend from the containers (3) containing the goods to the microtunnel (2), c) circulate the containers in a unidirectional manner in the transport loop to an exchange station (4) with the surface, d) raise the containers (3) to the surface. 31. The method according to claim 30, further comprising the step of: - Load at least one container (3) on a lowered vehicle (600) whose total height (T), when the vehicle is loaded with the container, is less than 2.80m. 32. The method of claim 30 or 31, the container (3) being brought, in particular by a surface transport vehicle, to a point of recovery of goods, the container (3) comprising at least one locker equipped with a door. the unlocking of which can be controlled remotely, or housing a deposit module (500) comprising at least one locker equipped with a door, the unlocking of which can be controlled remotely, in particular using a mobile telephone. 33. Method according to any one of claims 30 to 32, attached to any one of claims 2 to 8, comprising the steps consisting in: - Place the container on a platform (1000) of a shuttle (17), in particular in an automated way, preferably by using the passages of the container intended to receive the forks of a pallet truck or by circulating the container on rollers, - lock the container in position using the first and second attachment means, - transport the container via the transport loop to an exchange station with the surface, - act on at least one of the first and second attachment means, and unlock the container, - remove the container from the transport shuttle, in particular automatically by using the container passages intended to accommodate the forks of a pallet truck or by circulating the container on rollers, - bring the container to a surface vehicle (600), in particular by using an elevator and one or more conveyors, in particular with rollers and / or autonomous pallet trucks, - place the container on a platform (1000) of the surface vehicle, in particular in an automated manner, preferably by using the passages of the container provided to receive the forks of a pallet truck or by circulating the container on rollers, - Lock the container in position using the first and second attachment means. 34. Method according to the preceding claim, comprising the steps consisting in: a) Transport the container (3) in an urban environment on the surface vehicle (600), b) collect goods contained in the container without removing it from the surface vehicle or unlocking the container from the platform, c) repeat steps a) and b) or return the empty container to a surface station. 35. The method of claim 33, wherein the container is to be delivered to a certain destination, and wherein the container is automatically unlocked from the platform (1000) upon arrival of the vehicle at destination. 36. Method according to one of claims 30 to 35, in which an electronic circuit on board the container exchanges information with the surface vehicle, in particular transmits a destination of the goods to it and / or allows the vehicle to identify the container automatically. . 37. Method according to any one of claims 30 to 36, the container (3) comprising: - a bag (280) arranged in the container so as to assume a folded state during the transport of goods in the container (3) and a deployed state allowing the transport of empty packages, the bag preferably being suspended from slides arranged inside the container, this bag preferably having a front panel (282) which can be opened and closed using a closure (283), the method comprising the step of removing the goods present in the container , and once the container (3) is empty of its goods, to deploy the bag (280), to load the empty packaging bag, in particular the packaging of goods previously transported with the container or with an identical container, then to bring back the container loaded with the packaging at an exchange station and transporting the container using the transport loop to a station where it is collected and emptied of the packaging and reused, the bag preferably being folded back into the container.