FR3076845A1 - PREDALLE WITH FRAME BLOCKS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a slab comprising a concrete body (2) and reinforcement blocks (20) each comprising an anchoring portion in the concrete body and a recovery portion extending out of the concrete body and for to be anchored in a compression slab cast on the pre-slab, the various blocks being arranged on the pre-slab to delimit between them a grid in which ducts can be circulated between the reinforcement blocks on the pre-slab, each block preventing, however, sheaths to pass locally to its level thus forming a reservation for the concrete slab compression.

Description

BACK TO TECHNOLOGY OF THE INVENTION

The construction of a building naturally requires the creation of one or more floors. To facilitate the assembly of floors, workers generally use slabs.

The workers: thus place the pre-slabs on a network of spreading beams to form a · base: on which they place various metal reinforcements intended to structurally strengthen the floor. Then the workers pour the compression slab on the whole to complete the assembly of the floor.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to provide a pre-slab allowing the • formation of a floor having reinforced mechanical properties.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

With a view to achieving this goal, a pre-slab is proposed comprising a concrete body and reinforcement blocks, each comprising an anchoring portion in the concrete body and a recovery portion extending outside the concrete body. and intended to be anchored in a compression slab cast on the pre-slab, the different blocks being arranged on the pre-slab to delimit between them a grid allowing in service ducts to circulate between the reinforcement blocks on the pre-slab, each · block however preventing the sheaths from passing locally to its level thus forming a reservation for the concrete of the compression slab.

Thus, once the compression slab is poured onto the pre-slab to form a floor, said. · Floor will comprise between the compression slab and the pre-slab; from: columns formed of reinforcement blocks and concrete poured at their level, columns which will therefore participate in strengthening the floor. In particular, said columns allow a recovery of concrete between the pre-slab and the compression slab.

There is therefore locally in the floor “concrete beams” of which the bars are formed by the columns and the uprights: are formed respectively by a portion of the compression slab and a portion opposite the pre-slab.

Advantageously ··, the aforementioned reinforcement blocks make it possible to create a grid ordering the passage of the various sheaths on the slab. On the one hand this makes it possible to voluntarily create zones where the sheaths cannot circulate, facilitating the creation of the aforementioned columns · and on the other hand this also facilitates the task of operators of the various trades when they work on site.

We also note that the fact that the -blocks of reinforcements are integral with the pre-slab, it is very simple to create the grid over the entire floor.

In particular, at least one block of reinforcements has a substantially parallelepiped shape.

In particular, the frame block has two pillars connected in between _: them by 'at least one frame' encircle them.

In particular, the reinforcement blocks are arranged so as to delimit between them a regular grid over the entire surface of the slab.

In particular, the reinforcement blocks are arranged so as to delimit between them a grid having from gutters receiving ducts, gutters; extending in a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction of the pre-slab.

In particular, at least one block of reinforcements is. associated with a concrete seat of the pre-slab.

In particular, the concrete seats and the reinforcement blocks jointly form bases, said bases being aligned on · the pre-slab so as to form at least one rib on said pre-slab.

In particular, the rib extends parallel to a longitudinal axis of the pre-slab.

In particular, at least one of the concrete seats is shaped substantially in a rectangular parallelepiped.

In particular, the pre-slab comprises reinforcements: internal to the concrete body of the pre-slab which are arranged so as to cross the reinforcement blocks.

Other characteristics: and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the following description of particular nonlimiting embodiments of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will be · better understood in the light of the description which follows with reference to the figures: appended cl20 attached among which:

Figure 1 is: a perspective view · of a pre-slab according to a first embodiment of the invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view of two pre-slabs identical to that of Figure 1, sheaths 25 being arranged on said slabs, Figure: 3 is a view: from above of the slabs illustrated in Figure 2, additional reinforcements being arranged on said slabs, Figure 4 illustrates · schematically the different stages of construction of a floor from a pre-slab according to a second embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In reference .h. the figure 1, the pre-slab 1 according to a first fashion of realization of 1'invention includes: a 35 bodies: concrete 2 extending according to one· direction

longitudinal X and reinforcement blocks 20 (only part of which is referenced here), each reinforcement block 20 comprising an anchoring portion in the concrete body 2 and a recovery portion extending outside the body: concrete 2 and intended to be anchored: in a compression slab cast on the pre-slab · 1 to form a floor like us: we will see later :.

The reinforcement blocks · 20 are. · Here anchored very low · in the concrete body 2. The 'most · lower part of each reinforcement block 20 thus extends to a height r (height taken at starting from a lower face of the concrete body 2 _r the height being considered in a third direction Z which is orthogonally to the longitudinal direction: X of the slab 1 and to the lateral direction Y of the · slab, itself orthogonal to the direction: longitudinal X) between 0.1 to 0.2 times · the height a of the concrete body 2 and preferably between 0.16 and 0.18 the height e of the concrete body 2.

According to the first embodiment: of embodiment, each block of reinforcements 20 is associated with a concrete seat 11 ('only a part of which is referenced here) jointly forming a base: 30.

Each reinforcement block 20 is thus anchored both in the body: in concrete 2 and in the associated concrete seat 11 so as to protrude from the associated concrete seat 11 in height. The reinforcement blocks 20 thus form the upper part of the pre-plate 1.

The reinforcement blocks 20 are here all identical to each other. These reinforcement blocks 20 are typically formed of metal bars.

In particular, each 'block of reinforcements 20 here includes a first pillar 21 and a second ^ pillar 22 (only two of which are referenced' in FIG. 1) linked together by one or more reinforcements encircling the two pillars 21, 22 (not visible here). The two pillars

21, 22 thus extend parallel to the third direction 2 and the reinforcements which surround them give the reinforcement block 20 concerned a generally parallelepiped shape. Each reinforcement block 20 thus forms a reservation for the concrete poured subsequently.

In particular, for each concrete seat 11, the first pillar 21 is arranged at one of the two lateral ends of the concrete seat 11 (end extending in the lateral direction 'Y) and the second pillar 22; is arranged at the other of; lateral ends of the same concrete seat 11 so that the two pillars 21, 22 protrude in height from the corresponding concrete seat 11, the reinforcements surrounding the · two pillars 21, 22 being embedded in the concrete seat 11.

Furthermore, the concrete seats 11 are all identical here.

Each concrete seat 11 has substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.

Thus each concrete seat 11 here has a width L (width taken in the transverse direction Y) of between 1.5 and 2.5 times the height h of the concrete seats 11 (height taken in the third direction Z). Typically said width L is 2 times greater than said; height h.

Furthermore, the concrete seats 11 are shaped so that the height h of the concrete seats 11 is less than the height e of the concrete body 2 (it being understood that the height e of the concrete body 2 is considered at a concrete body area · 2 free of base).

The concrete seats 11 here have a height h between 0.8 and 0.9 times the height e of the concrete body 2. Typically, the concrete seats 11 have a height 0.8 6 times smaller; that: that of the concrete body 2 (..

In addition, each concrete seat 11 here has a length 1 (length taken along, the longitudinal direction

X) greater than the length d of a distance (length taken in the longitudinal direction X) separating two juxtaposed bases 30; in the longitudinal direction X.

The concrete seats 11 have * here a length 1 of between 2 to 3 times the length d. Typically, the concrete seats 11 have a length! _ 2.3 greater than the length d,

The length 1 of the concrete seats 11 is here 5 to 6 times greater than the width L · of the concrete seats 11.

Typically said length 1 is 5.5 to 6 times greater than the width L of the concrete seats 11. Furthermore, the concrete seats 11 have here a length 1 11 to 12 * times the height h of the concrete seats 11. Typically said length 1 is 11.5 to 12 times greater than the height h of the concrete seats 11.

The different bases · 30, formed by the reinforcement blocks 20 and 'The concrete seats 11, are moreover' arranged * on the slab 1 to delimit between them a grid allowing in service ducts to circulate between the * bases 30 on the pre-slab 1, each base 30 however preventing the sheaths from passing locally at its level thus forming a reservation for the concrete of the compression slab. Thus the different bases 30 form an intermediate layer of the floor.

The different bases 30 are here arranged so as to form a regular grid on the slab 1.

The grid delimited by the bases 30 thus defines three; ribs 3, 4, 5 f ormées each 1'aligneinent by several bases 30, typically each rib 3, 4, 5 is formed by ^p: ar 1'alignement * of between three and seven bases *

30.

The different ribs · 3, 4, 5 are identical here.

The ribs '3, 4, 5' extend straight and here in the longitudinal direction * X (each base 30 * 35 itself extending in the longitudinal direction X).

In addition, the ribs 3, 4, 5 are arranged on the pre-slab 1 at regular intervals in the transverse direction Y of the pre-slab.

In particular, the ribs 3, 4, 5 do not extend at the longitudinal edges of the concrete body 2 but inside the concrete body 2. Furthermore, the: ribs 3, 4, 5 s' here extend at only one of the two side edges of the concrete body 2.

In this way, the ribs 3, 4, 5 define between them four distinct gutters 6, 7, 8, 9: in the transverse direction Y there is thus encountered a first gutter 6, a first rib 3 :, a second · gutter 7, a second: rib 4, a third gutter 8, a third rib 5 and a fourth gutter 9. The gutters 6, 7, 8, 9 are therefore: delimited by the ribs 3, 4, 5 and the upper face of the slab 1 . The:

gutters 6, 7, 8, 9 therefore have a flat bottom here.

The gutters therefore have here a corresponding section in right Ü (section of normal to the longitudinal direction X) for the 'gutters 7, 8 bordered by two ribs or in L for the gutters 6, 9 bordered by a single rib.

The ribs 3, 4, 5 are shaped: so that the gutters · 7, 8: 'bordered · by two ribs have a width M (width taken in the transverse direction Y): greater than the width L of the seats of' concrete 11. The gutters 7, 8 bordered by two ribs here have a width M of between 1.5 to 2 times the width: L of the concrete seats 11. Typically, the gutters 7, 8 bordered by two ribs have a width 1.75 times larger than the width L of: concrete seats 11.

The width M of the gutters: 7, B bordered by two ribs is typically between: 3 and 4 times the height o: of the gutters (height taken in the third direction Z). • Typically said width M is 3.5 times

big

height

The gutters 6, 9 bordered by a single rib have a greater width here than the gutters: 7, 8 bordered by two ribs.

In the present case, the gutters 6, 7, 8, 9 all have a height g identical to the height h of the concrete seats 11.

Pat elsewhere, the ribs 3, 4 ,. 5 are all discontinuous owing to the fact that the bases 30 are not contiguous. Thus, in the longitudinal direction X, at regular intervals /, each rib 3, 4, 5 stops along the given length d.

Because all the ribs 3, 4, 5 are identical here, the different interruptions 10 of ribs 3, 4, 5 are therefore all aligned in the transverse direction Y. This therefore makes it possible to advantageously create new secondary gutters 12, 13, 14, 15, 16

(more visible at the figure 3) defined through- the same) ribs 3, 4, 5 'but extending this time according to the transverse direction Y. The ^: gutters secondary 12, 13 , 14, 15 16 thus present a width d (width jack: according to the

longitudinal direction X for these secondary gutters) one to two times greater than the width M of the main gutters 7, 8 bordered by two ribs (prized width along the transverse direction Y).

The gutters 6, 7, 8, 9 and the secondary gutters · 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 thus form the grid defined by the bases 30, and therefore the reinforcement blocks 20, on which the different sheaths can circulate. .

It is thus noted that the pre-slab 1 according to the first embodiment allows a circulation of the sheaths in at least two directions which are here parallel · to · the longitudinal direction · X and to the transverse direction Y. The sheaths are thus authorized to cross the pre-slab 1 in its length as in-its width.

extending frames

recti lines:

longitudinal

behaves firstly second

armatures

first

sort: here

straight, reinforcement

transversal

rest on

above

armatures

p ara11element

straight reinforcements without resting on them. In particular, each third rectilinear reinforcement: extends exactly above a second rectilinear reinforcement.

The first ·, second and third rectilinear reinforcements: extend in the concrete body 2 so as to cross the reinforcement blocks: 20 (and are not visible here).

Advantageously, the reinforcement blocks 20 participate in one. better structural strength of the floor due to their crossings with the internal reinforcements 17, 18, 19 in the body of the pre-slab.

In service, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the various predales 1 are arranged to delimit a base of the floor. In particular, the slabs 1 are here arranged so that the longitudinal ends of the slabs extend parallel to the non-load-bearing edges of the floor. In an original way, therefore, is the shortest side of: slabs which run along the shores bearing the floor:,. The different ribs 3, 4, 5 and the: main gutters 6, 7, 8, 9 therefore extend perpendicular to the bearing edges of the floor. Alternatively, the slabs: are arranged differently for example so that: it is the longest side of the: slabs which runs along the carrying edges of the floor.

Once the different slabs 1 are arranged, the different main gutters ë, Ί, 8, 9 and secondary: 12, 1.3, 14, 15, 16 are: aligned with a

Pre-slab 1 to another which allows defining a global grid on the floor.

The various trades can then intervene on the hase - to arrange the sheaths comprising 5 cables and conduits' necessary for electricity, plumbing, coramunication. The different gutters _6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 are used to facilitate this step · including allowing different trades to arrange the sheaths in different gutters 10 6, 7 , 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16. The discontinuity of the ribs advantageously allows the sheaths to be able to come out of the gutters 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 to move from one pre-slab 1 to another or even to change orientation within the same pre-slab 1 according to the construction needs.

This accelerates the manufacturing of the floor.

With reference to FIG. 3, the workers can then complete the assembly of the reinforcement network.

For this purpose, the workers come to arrange on the 20 slabs 1 a trellis formed of rectilinear reinforcements.

This trellis here comprises a first level comprising rectilinear reinforcements extending parallel to the longitudinal direction X and rectilinear reinforcements extending parallel to the transverse direction Y and resting here on the rectilinear reinforcements extending parallel to the longitudinal direction X of the first level. This trellis also comprises a second level comprising rectilinear reinforcements extending parallel · to the transverse direction · Y and rectilinear reinforcements) extending parallel to the longitudinal direction X and resting here on the rectilinear reinforcements extending parallel to the transverse direction Y of the second level. The frames of the two levels are not in contact, however.

he

Due to the presence of the ribs 3, 4, 5, the trellis rests at the level of the concrete seats 11 or reinforcement blocks 20 which advantageously makes it possible to leave the gutters free of reinforcement. In addition, the 5 reinforcement blocks 20 participate in better structural strength of the floor due to their contacts and intersections with the trellis.

The workers then only have to pour the compression slab to complete the assembly of the floor.

Once - the compression slab - poured, the floor therefore has a tfi-coüche construction at each base ùûê first layer comprising the pre-slab 1, a- second layer comprising the concrete seat

11, and a third layer comprising the compression slab overhanging the base and the pre-slab 1.

So locally in the floor there are concrete “ladder beams” whose bars are formed by 20 concrete columns (of which the concrete seats 11 are part) and the uprights are respectively formed by a portion of the compression slab and a portion opposite the pre-slab.

Advantageously, the reinforcing blocks 20 participate in this I-structure of the floor at each base 30 by being present at each layer of the floor.

With reference to FIG. 4, a second embodiment will now be described.

While in the first embodiment, the reinforcement blocks 20 form bases 30 with concrete seats 11, the pre-slab 101 can be delivered to the site only with the reinforcement blocks 120. The concrete seats will form thus naturally on site when the compression slab is poured. It is therefore the reinforcement blocks 120 alone which here form the bases 130.

Thus, in service, the various predales 101 are arranged to delimit a base of the floor.

Θη then comes to arrange: the: various sheaths comprising: cables and conduits necessary for electricity, plumbing, communication on this basis.

According to the second embodiment of the invention, the various reinforcement blocks 120 locally prevent the sheaths from passing to the level :: r thus forming a reserve on one of: pre-slabs · '101.

As for the first embodiment, the reinforcement blocks 120 make it possible to define a: regular grid 15 facilitating the distribution of the sheaths: on the base of the floor. And in the same way as for the first embodiment, it is thus ensured that the sheaths can come out of the gutters to move from one pre-slab to another or even to change orientation within a same pre-slab according to · Construction needs.

Then we complete the assembly of the network: d: 'armatures.

Then pour the compression slab 14: 9 to complete the assembly of the floor.

Due to the reserves voluntarily formed by the reinforcement blocks 120, during the pouring of the compression slab, concrete will also flow into said reserves thus forming concrete columns in the final floor.

Once the compression slab has been poured, the floor 30 therefore also has a three-layer construction at each base:

a first layer comprising the pre-slab 101, a second layer comprising the concrete column formed around: reinforcement blocks 120, and a third layer comprising the compression slab 101.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and variants can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

In particular, the number of bases may be different from what has been indicated. The bases may border the pre-slab or, on the contrary, extend outside the edges of the pre-slab. The bases may extend into other direct ions than rectilinear. The bases may not: be straight.

In addition, the number of aligned bases may be different from what has been indicated.

Although here the alignment of several bases form ribs, the bases may: not be aligned and form no ribs.

It will thus be possible to have a grid delimited by the reinforcement blocks which is not regular.

Pat elsewhere, although the gutters are here delimited by the bases on the one hand and the flat surface of the concrete body on the other hand, the gutters: may in addition be defined by grooves formed in the concrete body between the : bases: so that the gutters have a hollow bottom and not a flat bottom like what was indicated above.

There are many ways to make the slabs. For example, we can pour the body-in-concrete: in one step (by anchoring the internal reinforcements and the reinforcement blocks at once) or in two stages (by first anchoring the reinforcement blocks in a thin layer of concrete before anchoring the 'different internal reinforcements ^ in the rest of the concrete body).

The concrete seats can be in the same concrete as the body of the pre-slab or in different concrete. For example, the concrete seats can be poured simultaneously with the concrete body or be poured once the concrete body has already been poured but not yet set. Alternatively, provision could also be made to make a body 5 of concrete thicker than the average and then to draw the concrete seats by digging said concrete body. The production of the pre-slab will therefore be negative (that is to say by digging the concrete body) instead of being positive (that is to say, by raising the concrete body).

The reinforcement blocks may be different from what has been indicated. For example, each block could be formed from a cage of substantially parallelepiped shape.

If the reinforcement blocks include reinforcements surrounding the pillars of said blocks, said reinforcements may be unfolded on site or else arranged on site to limit the size of the pre-slab.

Claims (7)

1. Pre-slab comprising a concrete body (2) and reinforcement blocks (20) each comprising a portion 5 for anchoring in the concrete body and a recovery portion extending outside the concrete body and intended to be anchored: in a compression slab cast on the pre-slab, the different blocks being arranged on the pre-slab to delimit between them a grid allowing in service to 10 of the sheaths to circulate between the reinforcement blocks on the pre-slab, each block however preventing the sheaths from passing locally at its level thus forming a reservation for the concrete of the compression slab. 2. A pre-plate according to claim 1, in which at least one block of reinforcements (20) has a shape substantially parailélépipédi que. 3. Pr edalle according to claim 1 or l a claim 2, wherein the frame block (20) comprises two pillars (21, 22) interconnected by the 20 minus a frame encircling them. 4. Pre-slab according to one of the preceding claims ·, in which the reinforcement blocks (20) are arranged so as to delimit between them a regular grid over the entire surface of the pre-slab. 5. Pre-floor according to one of the preceding claims, in which the reinforcement blocks (20) are arranged: so as to delimit between them a grid having gutters for receiving sheaths, gutters extending in a longitudinal direction ( X) 30 and a transverse direction (Y) of the pre-slab. 6. Pre-slab according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one block of reinforcements (20) is associated with a concrete seat (11) of the pre-slab. 7. Pre-slab according to claim 6, in which the concrete seats (11) and the reinforcement blocks (20) jointly form bases (30), the edited bases (30) being aligned on the pre-slab so as to forming at least one rib on said pre-slab. 8. 'Pre-plate according to claim 7, in which 5 the rib extends parallel to a longitudinal axis (X) of the pre-slab. 9. Pre-plate according to one of claims 6 to 8, in which · at least one of the seats _; concrete (11) is sensiblemënt shaped into a rectangular parallelepiped. 10. Pre-slab according to one of the preceding claims, comprising reinforcements internal to the concrete body (2) of the pre-slab which are arranged so as to cross the reinforcement blocks (20).