FR3076315A1 - SEPARATING ELEMENT OF A LOCAL COMPRISING MEANS FOR SOLIDARIZATION BY SCREWING. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a partition element of a room (1) comprising a first facing (16) and a second facing (17) integral on either side of a frame (15) and delimiting an interior space (18) said inner space (18) housing at least two plates (19) of functional material (s) superimposed on one another. According to the invention, such a separating element comprises fastening means (21) between said plates (19) by screwing.

Description

Element for separating a room comprising means for securing by screwing.

1. Field of the invention

The field of the invention is that of the design and manufacture of room separation elements, more commonly called joinery.

A device for separating a room is conventionally implemented to ensure the obturation, reversible or not, of an opening formed in a wall of a building, this wall being able to be external and to separate the building from the outside or internal well-being and separating several rooms located in a building.

Room separation systems include in particular windows, skylights, doors, entry doors, patio doors, garage doors, etc.

The invention finds particular application in the field of entry doors and more generally devices separating the building from the outside.

2. Prior art and its drawbacks

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, an entry door 1 conventionally comprises a frame 10, intended to be permanently fixed in an opening provided for this purpose in a wall of a building, and an opening 11 mounted movable relative to the frame 10 between a closed position, in which it closes the opening, and at least one open position, in which it at least partially releases the opening. For this, it is secured to the frame 10 by suitable attachment means such as, for example, hinges 12.

The opening 11 comprises a frame 15 on either side of which an inner facing 16 and an outer facing 17 are secured at their periphery.

The chassis 15 generally comprises two lateral uprights 151 as well as an upper cross member 152 and a lower cross member 153. The chassis 15 defines with the facings 16, 17 an interior space 18 which can be filled with one or more plates 19 of materials having acoustic and / or thermal insulation properties and / or fireproof properties. Each plate 19 in contact with a facing 16, 17 is linked thereto for example by gluing, by means of a mechanical connection system or by any other suitable means.

The door 1 comprises actuating means for passing the opening 11 from one to the other of its positions. These actuating means conventionally comprise a handle 13. It also comprises means for locking the opening 11 in its closed position. These locking means conventionally comprise a lock 14. The door further comprises elements ensuring the sealing of the opening with the frame.

The interior facing is intended to be turned towards the inside of the room while the outside facing is intended to be turned towards the outside of the room.

More generally, the interior and exterior designate the interior and exterior of a building or of a room located inside a building.

In the case of a separation element separating a building from the outside, as is for example the case of an entrance door, the interior facing is intended to be turned towards the interior of the building. It is therefore not subject to strong variations in temperature during the year even if it can be subjected to variations in humidity, the humidity can vary inside the building.

The exterior facing being intended to face the exterior of the building, is exposed to strong variations in temperature and / or humidity during the year. For example, the temperature of the exterior facing can vary from -20 ° C to 70 ° C during a year under the effect of the outside temperatures to which it may be exposed and / or its exposure to the sun.

Due to these large variations in temperature and / or humidity, the exterior facing can expand and shrink significantly. Insofar as it is integral at its periphery with the chassis, the external facing 17 tends under the effect of its expansion to “swell” towards the outside (this phenomenon is visible by comparison with FIG. 2 on which the external facing does not is not deformed, and of Figure 3 on which it is deformed). This phenomenon is commonly called bimetal effect. The opening, the chassis of which is integral with the periphery of the outer facing, is then subjected to deformation and / or warping phenomena.

This can cause technical problems:

malfunction of the locking system causing difficulty in opening or closing the door;

disturbance of the seal between the frame and the opening.

This can also cause aesthetic problems, the deformation of the opening may be unsightly.

Technical solutions have been developed in order to overcome these drawbacks.

It is in particular known to bond the facings together at their center (“central connection”), and to mount them “floating” relative to one another at the periphery.

To achieve "central securing", it is known to link between the inner 16 and outer 17 facing by means of a slide 20 placed essentially along their median axis. This slide authorizes relative displacements of the facings in the plane of the facings.

To carry out the “floating” peripheral mounting, it is notably known to connect together, at their periphery, the interior and exterior facings of a partition element of a room such as a door, by means of a frame comprising two parts movable relative to each other and having two degrees of freedom in a plane parallel to the facings. One of the parts forms a rail in which the other part slides with play, forming a slide.

As shown in FIG. 4, the "floating" peripheral assembly, associated with the "central connection", allows slight displacements of the external facing relative to the chassis, which allows it to expand or retract freely by relation to the chassis (see arrows), avoiding "swelling" towards the outside when the temperature to which it is exposed increases.

Thus, the deformation of the chassis and more generally of the opening is limited under the effect of the temperature variations to which the exterior facing may be subjected. Indeed, without play, the exterior facing is unable to expand or retract freely and can deform and transmit deformation forces to the interior facing via the chassis. The opening is deformed accordingly.

Such a solution makes it possible to effectively reduce the deformation of the opening. However, it can still be improved.

In particular, the "central connection" by means of a slide has some drawbacks.

The installation of the slide is first quite delicate which complicates the manufacture of the opening. It must indeed be carefully installed by an operator to ensure its function.

This slide is secured to the insulating panels secured to the facings. However, depending on the nature of these panels, for example when they are made from wood fibers, the slide is difficult to be joined to it effectively. It is then necessary to cut the panels locally to put in place blocks of suitable materials, for example expanded type polystyrene, which considerably complicates the manufacture and induces additional costs.

In addition, the presence of the slide makes it difficult to fit through accessories such as (glazing, a mailbox ...

The "central connection" can therefore be further improved.

3. Objectives of the invention

The invention particularly aims to provide an effective solution to at least some of these different problems.

In particular, according to at least one embodiment, an objective of the invention is to provide a technique making it possible to optimize the management of the bimetallic strip effect within a room separation element.

In particular, the invention aims, according to at least one embodiment, to provide a technique which makes it possible to improve the "central connection" between the facings or more generally the connection other than the peripheral connection of the facing.

The object of the invention is, according to at least one embodiment, to provide such a technique which makes it possible to link the facings in a simple and effective manner essentially along their median axis.

Another objective of the invention is, according to at least one embodiment, to provide such a technique which allows the joining of materials of different natures and / or densities inside an opening.

Another object of the invention is, according to at least one embodiment, to provide such a technique which contributes to simplifying the manufacture of a room separation element.

Another objective of the invention is, according to at least one embodiment, to provide such a technique which contributes to facilitating the installation of accessory (s) passing through (s) on an opening element for separating a room .

4. Presentation of the invention

For this, the invention provides an element for separating a room comprising a first facing and a second facing integral on either side of a frame, at least one of said facing being secured to said frame in a floating manner with at least two degrees of freedom in a plane essentially parallel to the plane of said facing, said facing delimiting an interior space accommodating at least two plates of functional material (s) superimposed on each other.

According to the invention, such a separation element comprises means for securing together said plates by screwing.

The term “functional material” is understood to mean a material ensuring at least one of the following functions:

thermal insulation ;

soundproofing ;

firewall ;

burglar proof ;

structural (stiffening of the facings and / or securing of accessory (s)).

Thus, the invention consists in ensuring the "central connection", or at least other than peripheral, by means of screws.

This solution is much simpler to implement than that of using a slide. It not only facilitates the manufacture of the separating element but also reduces its cost. The mounting by screwing makes it possible to fight effectively against the bimetallic strip effect by leaving to the facing subjected to variations in temperature and / or hygrometry the possibility of expanding / retracting in its plane without however "swelling" towards the outside.

According to a possible variant, said means of fastening by screwing and said plates have different rigidities conferring flexibility on the assembly of said plates with one another in the plane of the facings to release the peripheral movement of said facing secured in floating manner while blocking the displacement of said plates in a direction essentially normal to said facings.

Indeed, the difference in rigidity between the plates and the screws makes it possible to provide an assembly having a certain flexibility making it possible to fight effectively against the bimetallic strip effect by releasing the peripheral displacement of the facing.

In addition, or alternatively, mounting by screwing induces the existence of clearances to a small extent which make it possible to fight effectively against the bimetallic strip effect, leaving the facing subject to variations in temperature and / or hygrometry the possibility to expand / retract in its plane without however "swelling" outwards.

According to a possible variant, said means for securing by screwing are arranged essentially in the median axis (Δ) of said plates.

This ensures effective joining of the plates while effectively combating the bimetallic strip effect.

According to a possible variant, a room separation element according to the invention comprises at least one intermediate plate of functional material interposed between said at least two plates of functional material (s).

This makes it possible to improve and / or diversify the properties of the separating element.

According to a possible variant, said securing means comprise at least one screw, each screw comprising a body from which threads extend.

In this case, each screw preferably comprises a head placed at one end of said body.

This head may for example come to bear against the outer surface of the facing, be housed in a hole in the facing so that its outer surface is flush with the outer surface or the inner surface of the facing, or even have a lateral projection coming in apply against the interior surface of the siding to avoid loosening the screw.

According to a possible variant, the diameter of said head and / or that of said body of each screw is greater than or equal to the diameter of the housing accommodating the screw in the corresponding plate or plates.

The screws are thus screwed in force in the plates.

According to a possible variant, said nets having:

an internal diameter between 2 and 20 millimeters;

an outside diameter between 10 and 60 millimeters.

According to a possible variant, the diameter of said head is greater than the outside diameter of said threads.

According to a possible variant, the ratio of the diameter of said head to the outside diameter of said threads is between 1 and 3.

According to a possible variant, said heads have a diameter of between 11 and 60 millimeters.

According to a possible variant, the pitch of said screws is between 2 and 10.

All these dimensional characteristics, taken individually or in combination, allow an efficient assembly of the plates while effectively fighting against the bimetallic strip effect.

According to a possible variant, the peripheral edge of said heads oriented on the side of said body has a fillet or a chamfer.

This facilitates if necessary the penetration of the heads in the plates.

According to a possible variant, said screws are made of a material having a rigidity greater than that of said plates and a mechanical strength sufficient to withstand the forces induced by the deformation of the facing secured in a floating manner.

According to a possible variant, said screws are made of a material having a rigidity less than that of said plates and a mechanical strength sufficient to withstand the forces induced by the deformation of the facing secured in a floating manner.

These two variants make it possible to give flexibility to the assembly in order to combat the bimetallic strip effect.

According to a possible variant, a separation element according to the invention comprises between 1 and 6 screws in the height direction of said separation element.

Such a proportion of screws ensures efficient assembly of the plates together while effectively combating the bimetallic strip effect.

According to a possible variant, the body of said screws constitutes accessory fixing dowels.

The screws thus make it possible not only to assemble the plates together but also to serve as anchoring points for accessories (for example marshal's stick, handle ...)

According to a possible variant, which said screws carry means for identifying their position behind the facing which conceals them.

When the screws serve as anchoring points and are hidden behind a facing, it is thus possible for an operator to easily identify them, in particular without a template, to pierce the facing in line with the screws and allow them to be used as dowels. It could, for example, be identification means of the magnetic, electric, electronic or other type.

According to a possible variant, a separation element according to the invention comprises several groups of plates of functional material, each group comprising several plates of functional materials joined together by means of said screws, the last plate of a first group in which is located the tip of said screws of said first group constituting the first plate of the next group against which the heads of the screws of said next group come to bear.

It is thus possible to assemble groups of plates together to form sandwich type panels integrated between the facings.

According to a possible variant, a separation element according to the invention comprises means for braking the unscrewing of said means for securing by screwing.

This makes it possible to prevent the screws from loosening over time and thus to maintain the integrity and the efficiency of the separating element.

According to a possible variant, the pitch of the screws may be variable along the body.

When the screws are used to assemble the plates having different rigidities, the pitch of the screws will be locally chosen to be adapted to the rigidity of the plate in which the portion of threads is located. This improves the assembly of the plates.

The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a room separation element comprising at least:

a step of securing a first facing to a frame at its periphery;

a step of placing at least two plates of functional material (s) superimposed one on the other in the interior space delimited by said frame and said first facing;

a step of securing by screwing said plates together;

a step of securing a second facing to said frame at its periphery.

According to a possible variant, said step of joining together said plates being carried out prior to said step of placing at least two plates of functional material (s) superimposed one on the other in space interior delimited by said frame and said first facing.

In this case, the plates are joined together before being inserted into the interior space.

According to a possible variant, said step of joining said second facing is carried out prior to said step of joining by screwing said plates together.

In this case, the plates are inserted into the interior space on the first facing, then the second facing is attached to the plates, the latter then being assembled by screwing by passing the fastening means by screwing through the second facing. .

5. List of figures

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of particular embodiments, given by way of simple illustrative and nonlimiting example, and of the appended drawings among which:

Figure 1 illustrates a front door according to the prior art;

Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the phenomenon of "inflation" of the outer facing of the door of Figure 1 which is avoided by the implementation of a central slide according to the principle illustrated in Figure 4;

FIG. 5 illustrates a door according to the invention;

Figures 6a to 8 illustrate a screw according to the invention;

Figures 9 to 13 illustrate the joining by screwing of a plate of functional material (s) housed in a door according to the invention;

Figures 14 to 17 illustrate the attachment to a door of an accessory by means of screws according to the invention;

Figures 18, 19 and 20 illustrate a variant of a screw according to the invention containing a fixing insert;

Figures 21, 22, 23 and 24 illustrate variants according to which the panels and / or the facings have pre-holes or pilot holes to allow the passage of the screws;

FIG. 25 illustrates an example of a method of manufacturing a door according to the invention;

Figures 26 to 31 illustrate examples of implantation of the screws. ;

Figures 32a to 35c illustrate four variants of the screw head and their cooperation with a facing.

6. Description of particular embodiments

Various variants of an entry door according to the invention are shown in relation to FIGS.

The present invention however applies to other types of elements for separating a room, such as for example a window, a French window, a garage door or the like. More generally, it applies to any type of element for separating a room comprising a facing capable of being subjected to variations in temperature and / or hygrometry.

An entry door 1 conventionally comprises a frame 10, intended to be permanently fixed in an opening provided for this purpose in a wall of a building, and an opening 11 mounted movable relative to the frame 10 between a closed position, in which it closes the opening, and at least one open position, in which it at least partially releases the opening. For this, it is secured to the frame 10 by suitable attachment means such as, for example, hinges 12.

In the present embodiment, it is an entry door 1 to a striking leaf. It could also be a door with several knocking and / or translation opening elements.

The opening 11 comprises a frame or frame 15 on either side of which an inner facing 16 and an outer facing 17 are preferably secured at their periphery.

The chassis 15 generally comprises lateral uprights 151 as well as an upper cross member 152 and a lower cross member 153. The chassis 15 defines with the facings 16, 17 an interior space 18 which can be filled with one or more plates 19i, 19 ₂ , 19 ₃ ... 19 _n of functional material (s) each having at least one of the following properties: acoustic, thermal insulation, fire-resistant, burglar-proof, structural (stiffening of the facing or securing of accessory (s).

Each plate 19 _n in contact with a facing 16,17 is linked thereto for example by gluing, by mechanical or other means of connection. In a variant, there is no connection.

In the example of FIG. 10, the interior space 18 houses two plates 19. In that of FIG. 9, the interior space houses three plates 19, the intermediate plate 19 ₂ being interposed between the two others.

The door 1 comprises actuating means for passing the opening 11 from one to the other of its positions. These actuating means conventionally comprise a handle 13. It also comprises means for locking the opening 11 in its closed position. These locking means conventionally comprise a lock 14. The door further comprises elements ensuring the sealing of the opening with the frame.

As will appear more clearly below, at least one of the facings, preferably the outer facing 17 subjected to strong variations in temperature and / or humidity, is substantially floating and has at least one degree of freedom relative to the chassis in a plane essentially parallel to the plans of the facings. In other words, this facing is decoupled from the chassis.

Within the meaning of the invention, the concept of floating facing does not mean that the facing can be moved manually relative to the chassis. This means more that it can move relative to the chassis when it expands or contracts. The displacement of the floating facing relative to the chassis results essentially from its expansion or withdrawal. In these two cases, its surface increases or decreases, which implies a relative displacement of the floating facing relative to the chassis.

The floating mounting of the exterior facing is known per se to those skilled in the art and is not described here in more detail. An example of peripheral floating mounting is described in particular in European patent EP-B1-1 918 501.

The central connection, or more generally other than peripheral, is ensured by the use of screwing means which allow the plates 19 of functional material (s) to be joined together preferably preferably essentially along their median axis Δ.

The fastening means by screwing comprise screws 21. Each screw 21 comprises a head 210 and a body 211 from which the threads 212 of the screw 21 extend laterally. The threads 212 have:

an internal diameter (equivalent to the diameter of the body 211) of between 2 and 20 millimeters, for example 8.5 mm;

an outside diameter between 10 and 60 millimeters, for example 27 mm.

The diameter of the head 210 is greater than the outside diameter of the threads 212.

The ratio of the diameter of the head 210 to the outside diameter of the threads 212 is between 1 and 3, for example 1.2.

The head 210 of the screws 21 has a diameter of between 11 and 60 millimeters, for example 32 mm.

The pitch of the screws 21 is between 2 and 10 millimeters, for example 8.4 mm. The pitch value and the length of the body of the screw will preferably be chosen as a function of the thickness of the plates so as to guarantee that at least two threads are taken in each plate. The pitch can also be determined according to the material in which the screw is screwed.

The pitch of the screw may be variable along the body.

The device may include means for braking the unscrewing of the screws 21. These means may for example include irregularities on the surface of the threads of the screws or holes made through the surfaces of the threads.

The peripheral edge of the heads 210 oriented towards the side of the body 211 has a fillet or a chamfer 213.

The 21 screws are made of a material having a mechanical strength greater than that of the materials from which the plates 19 are made. This material is also resistant to stresses due to deformation of the facing (s). These screws 21 will for example be made of a plastic material, for example polyamide. Plastic gives them good properties in terms of thermal insulation. The plastic material may be cellular to increase the flexibility of the screws. They can be made of metal, aluminum alloy or other.

The body 211 may be more flexible than the threads 212. It may for example be made of elastomer or of a cellular or other material.

In a variant, the screw head may have a shape complementary to that of a tool, such as for example a hexagonal imprint 217 or the like, in order to be driven in rotation to ensure its screwing.

The screws 21 may preferably resist a temperature between -20 ° C and 80 ° C.

The end of the body 211 of the screws 21 opposite their head 210 preferably has a self-drilling point 214. The self-drilling point may for example include four inclined faces.

In the example shown in Figure 5, on which the screws 21 are symbolized by crosses, three screws are distributed along the median axis Δ. This number may however be different. Thus, preferably between 1 and 6 screws 21 in the direction of the height are distributed essentially along its median axis. However, to allow the fitting of accessory (s), for example glazing, a handle or the like, certain screws may be offset laterally from the median axis, at least in certain areas.

Figures 25 to 30 illustrate different possibilities of implantation of the screws 21. These possibilities of implantation are purely illustrative and in no way limitative.

As illustrated in FIG. 26, a single screw 21 can be implemented substantially in the center of the opening 11.

As illustrated in FIG. 27, showing an opening 11 with a triangular glazing 183, two screws 21 can be distributed along a substantially vertical line extending essentially in the axis of the opening, another screw 21 can be implemented laterally.

As illustrated in FIG. 28, showing an opening 11 with a rectangular glazing 184 extending in the vertical axis of the opening, two screws 21 can be distributed along two substantially horizontal lines extending from one side and other of the glazing.

As illustrated in FIG. 29, showing an opening 11 with a two rectangular glazings 185 distant from each other and extending in the vertical axis of the opening, three screws 21 can be distributed along a substantially horizontal line between the panes.

As illustrated in FIG. 30, showing an opening 11 with a rectangular glazing 186 extending in the vertical axis of the opening, three screws 21 can be distributed along two substantially vertical lines extending from one side and other of the glazing.

As illustrated in FIG. 31, showing an opening 11 with a rectangular glazing 187 extending in a laterally offset manner relative to the vertical axis of the opening, three screws 21 can be distributed along a line substantially vertical extending from one side of the glazing.

A hole 215, preferably not opening, is formed along the longitudinal axis of the screws 21 from the head in the direction of the tip. This hole allows the screws 21 to constitute a dowel which may if necessary be used to secure the attachment of accessories. The walls of the hole 215 may have longitudinal grooves 216 to improve the performance of the pins. Alternatively, each 21 screw can accommodate a threaded insert 180 badly or female as shown in Figures 18, 19, 20. Such an insert can allow the establishment of a screw 40 'for fixing an accessory or of a connecting element 40 of an accessory.

As shown in Figure 12, the opening may include several groups of plates of functional material (s), for example two groups Gpel and Gpe2 (this number can of course be greater than two), each group comprising several plates of functional materials joined together by means of screws 21, the last plate 19 ₃ of a first group Gpel in which the tip of the screws 21 of the first group is found constituting the first plate of the group following Gpe2 against which come in support the heads 210 of the screws 21 of the group following Gpe2.

This solution makes it possible to assemble a large number of plate (s) and / or plates of greater thickness.

6.2. Manufacturing process

The manufacture of a room separation element according to the invention will now be described in relation to FIG. 25.

A method of manufacturing a room separation element comprises at least:

a step 30 of securing a first facing 16 or 17 to the frame 15 at its periphery;

a step 31 of placing at least two plates 19 _b 19 ₂ of functional material (s) superimposed one on the other in the interior space 18 delimited by the frame 15 and the first facing 16 or 17;

a step 32 of securing by screwing the plates 19χ, 19 ₂ , between them by means of screws 21;

a step 33 of securing a second facing 16 or 17 to the frame 15 at its periphery.

During the step 31 of placing the plates, a material plate 19 is glued against the face facing the interior space 18 of the first facing, which may be the inside facing 16 or the outside facing 17. The plate 19 which will be glued to the facing will in principle be the thickest of the plates inserted into the interior space 18 so that the tips of the screws are housed there and their heads come into contact with a plate of thinner thickness.

One or more plates 19 are then added to the first. They can alternatively be inserted at the same time as the first in the interior space 18.

In the case of Figure 10, the first 19i and second 19 ₂ plates will for example be made of expanded type polystyrene. In the case of Figure 9, the first 19i and third 19 ₃ plates will for example be made of expanded type polystyrene, and the second 19 ₂ made from wood fibers. Other materials and other stacking configurations can of course be implemented and produced.

During the step 32 of securing the plates by screwing, one or more screws 21 are used to secure the plates 19 to each other. Their self-drilling point 214 facilitates their screwing. The screws 21 are preferably arranged in the median axis of the facing. They may however be offset laterally thereof, in particular in certain areas, for example to allow the fitting of accessory (s). At the end of their screwing, their head is inserted into the last plate 19 so that their surface is flush with that of this plate 19. The presence of the chamfer or the fillet 213 facilitates the penetration of the head into the plate to guarantee that it is flush with the plate against which it is screwed. This prevents the facing that will cover the head from boxing on it and / or that this facing locally deforms to the right of the screw head.

The fact that the diameter of the head is greater than that of the threads makes it possible to avoid the tearing of the first plate because of the expansions to which the opening will be subsequently subjected, in particular when this plate is not very thick.

The diameter of the head of the screws must be maximum so as not to tear off the plate against which it comes to bear and minimum to allow the head to penetrate this plate to be flush with its surface.

Depending on the number and / or the thickness of the plates 19, several groups of plates 19 may be formed according to the principle described in relation to FIG. 12. In this case, the plates of the second group will first be inserted into the space interior 18 and joined together by screwing. The plates of the first group will then be inserted into the interior space. They will be screwed together, the first plate of the second group constituting the last plate of the first group. Within the meaning of the invention, a first plate is that in contact with the head of the screws while the last plate is that in which the tip of the screws is housed. More than two groups can of course be formed.

During the step 33 of securing the second facing, the last facing is attached against the frame 15 and the first plate to which it is glued. The head of the screws 21 is then hidden behind this facing and pressing against it so that they cannot be unscrewed.

In a variant, the step of joining together the plates 19 is carried out prior to the step of placing the plates in the interior space. Thus, the plates are pre-assembled together to form one or more manipulable assemblies, which facilitates manufacturing.

In a variant illustrated in FIGS. 21 to 24, front holes 181 may be produced in the plates 19χ, 19 ₂ , 19 ₃ , prior to the installation of the screws to facilitate the installation of the screws 21 and avoid lifting of the 19χ plates, 19 ₂ ,

19 ₃ , relative to each other.

In another variant, which may or may not be combined with the previous one, the screws 21 may be put in place after the facings 16, 17 have been secured to the chassis. In this case, the facing on the side of which the screws will be put in place will be pre-machined so as to provide pre-holes 182 allowing the passage of the screws 21 through it. These pre-holes will preferably include a central bore 182i formed essentially in the axis of the corresponding pilot hole 181, as well as a lateral projection 182 ₂ . The central bore 182i essentially allows the passage of the body 211 of the screw 21 while the lateral projection 182 ₂ allows the passage of the threads. According to one embodiment, the central hole 182i essentially has a circular peripheral contour while the lateral protuberance 182 ₂ essentially has the shape of a portion of disc (for example about% of disc) concentric with the central hole 182i in communication with the latter to form a pilot hole 182 in the form of a light having as a contour the sum of the contours of the central hole 182i and the lateral projection 182 ₂ . In this variant, the diameter of the head 210 will be greater than that of the lateral protuberance 182 ₂ or more generally at the front hole 182 so that the screw head conceals the front hole 182 after tightening the screw 21. This variant is more particularly implemented when the screws are used for securing accessories, these accessories once in place concealing the head of the screws.

In a variant illustrated in FIGS. 32a to 32c, known as "without head", the screw 21 does not include a head or more generally comprises a head 210 whose diameter is substantially less than the diameter of the central bore 182i, that is to say say less than that of the threads 211, so that when the screw is put in place, the head is housed in the central hole 182i and is flush with the facing 17 (more generally, it can for example be flush with the interior surface or the exterior surface facing, or between them).

In a variant illustrated in FIGS. 33a to 33c, known as “inside wall”, the head 210 comprises a central part 210i, the diameter of which is substantially less than the diameter of the central bore 182i, and a lateral projection 210 ₂ extending laterally from the central portion 210i to form a disc portion whose diameter is substantially less than that of the lateral protrusion 182 ₂ of the pre-hole 182. At the end of screwing of the screw 21, the lateral protrusion 210 ₂ passes into the lateral protrusion 182 ₂ of the pre-hole 182 then the head 210 is housed in the central hole 182i until the lateral projection 210 ₂ of the head 210 comes to bear against the inner face of the facing 17, which prevents the unscrewing of the screw.

In a variant illustrated in Figures 34a to 34c, called "flush" the pre-hole 182 has a circular outline. The circular head 210 of the screw 21 has a diameter substantially smaller than that of the pre-hole 182 so as to be accommodated therein at the end of the screwing and that its outer surface is flush with the outer surface of the facing 17.

In a variant illustrated in FIGS. 35a to 35c, known as “on the external surface”, the diameter of the circular head 210 is greater than that of the pre-hole 182 so that it comes to apply against the external surface of the facing 17.

6.3. Accessory assembly

Certain screws 21 can be used to secure the attachment of accessory (s) such as a marshal's stick 41, molding, or the like.

For this, a template can be used to identify the position of the screws necessary for securing the accessory which will have been positioned properly during the manufacture of the opening. Indeed, these screws are hidden behind one of the facings. Alternatively, means may be used to identify the screws concealed behind a facing. The screws may for example carry a magnet for this purpose which can be identified by means of a metal tool or an electronic tool.

Once the screws are identified, the facing is drilled in front of them. Screws for fixing an accessory can then be screwed into the plugs formed by the screws 21.

Alternatively, connecting elements 40 can be screwed into the screws 21, which will make it possible to secure the accessory 41 to the opening, for example by screwing or clipping.

The facing (s) may be drilled to install additional screws in order to fix accessories.

6.4. Operation

The central connection by screwing the plates together, which allows the facings to be joined together, induces the existence of flexibility and / or play to a small extent which make it possible to effectively combat the bimetallic strip effect, leaving the facing subject to variations in temperature and / or humidity the possibility of expanding / retracting in its plane without however "swelling" outwards.

The implementation of the invention provides numerous advantages, including the following:

creation of a neutral line on either side of which the exterior facing expands / retracts freely without causing deformation of the opening;

facilitate manufacturing;

guarantee of operation, in particular by eliminating the risk associated with mounting with a slide to generate blockages when the facing expands.

Claims (24)

1. Separation element of a room (1) comprising a first facing (16) and a second facing (17) integral on either side of a frame (15), at least one of said facing (16, 17 ) being secured to said frame (15) in a floating manner with at least two degrees of freedom in a plane essentially parallel to the plane of said facings (16, 17), said facings (16, 17) delimiting an interior space (18) accommodating at least two plates (19) of functional material (s) superimposed on each other, characterized in that it comprises means (21) for securing said plates (19) to each other by screwing. 2. A separating element according to claim 1 in which said screw-fastening means (21) and said plates (19) have different rigidities which confer flexibility on the assembly of said plates (19) with one another in the plane of the facings. (16, 17) to release the peripheral displacement of said facing secured in a floating manner while blocking the movement of said plates (19) in a direction essentially normal to said facing. 3. Separation element according to any one of claims 1 or 2 wherein said screw-fastening means (21) are arranged essentially in the median axis (Δ) of said plates (19). 4. Room separation element according to any one of claims 1 to 3 comprising at least one intermediate plate (19 ₂ ) of functional material interposed between said at least two plates of functional material (s) (19 ). 5. Separating element according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said securing means comprise at least one screw (21), each screw (21) comprising a body (211) from which threads extend (212 ). 6. Separating element according to claim 5 wherein each screw (21) comprises a head (210) placed at one end of said body (211). 7. Separating element according to claim 5 or 6 wherein the diameter of said head (210) and / or that of said body (211) of each screw (21) is greater than or equal to the diameter of the housing accommodating the screw (21) in the corresponding plate (s). 8. Room separation element according to any one of claims 5 to 7 in which said nets (212) having: an internal diameter between 2 and 20 millimeters; an outside diameter between 10 and 60 millimeters. 9. Separating element according to any one of claims 5 to 8 wherein the diameter of said head (210) is greater than the outside diameter of said threads (212). 10. Separating element according to claim 9, in which the ratio of the diameter of said head (210) to the outside diameter of said threads (212) is between 1 and 3. 11. Separation element according to any one of claims 6 to 10 wherein said heads (210) have a diameter between 11 and 60 millimeters. 12. Separating element according to any one of claims 6 to 11 in which the pitch of said screws (21) is between 2 and 10. 13. Separating element according to any one of claims 6 to 12 wherein the peripheral edge of said heads (210) oriented on the side of said body (211) has a fillet or a chamfer (213). 14. Separation element according to any one of claims 5 to 13 wherein said screws (21) are made of a material having a rigidity greater than that of said plates (19) and sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the forces induced by the deformation of the facing secured in a floating manner. 15. Separating element according to any one of claims 5 to 13 wherein said screws (21) are made of a material having a rigidity less than that of said plates (19) and sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the forces induced by the deformation of the facing secured in a floating manner. 16. Separating element according to any one of claims 6 to 15 comprising between 1 and 6 screws (21) in the height direction of said separating element. 17. Separating element according to any one of claims 5 to 16 in which the body (211) of said screws constitutes accessory fixing pins (41). 18. Separating element according to 17, in which said screws (21) carry means for locating their position behind the facing (16, 17) which conceals them. 19. Separating element according to any one of claims 6 to 17 comprising several groups of plates (19) of functional material, each group comprising several (19) plates of functional materials joined together by means of said screws (21), the last plate of a first group (Gpel) in which is the tip (214) of said screws (21) of said first group (Gpel) constituting the first plate of the following group (Gpe2) against which the heads (210) come to bear screws (21) of said next group (Gpe2). 20. Separating element according to any one of the preceding claims comprising means for preventing the unscrewing of said means for securing by screwing. 21. Element according to any one of claims 5 to 20 wherein the pitch of the screws (21) be variable along the body (211). 22. Method for manufacturing a room separation element comprising at least: a step (30) of securing a first facing (16, 17) to a frame (15) at its periphery; a step (31) of placing at least two plates of functional material (s) (19) superimposed one on the other in the interior space (18) delimited by said frame (15) and said first facing (16,17); a step (32) of securing by screwing said plates (19) together; a step (33) of securing a second facing (16, 17) to said frame (15) at its periphery. 23. The method of claim 22 wherein said step (32) of joining together said plates (19) being performed prior to said step (31) of placing at least two plates of functional material (s) ) (19) superimposed on each other in the interior space (18) delimited by said frame (15) and said first facing (16,17). 24. The method of claim 22 wherein said step (333) of joining said second facing (16, 17) is performed prior to said joining step by screwing said plates (19) together.