FR3051807A1 - BUCKET EQUIPPED WITH AN ONBOARD HUMIDIFYING SYSTEM OF THE SLIDERS, LOADER EQUIPPED WITH THE BUCKET AND METHOD OF ADAPTING AN EXISTING BUCKET - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a bucket (2) for a loader (1) provided with an onboard humidification system of the tracks (3) comprising at least one box (4) formed on the outer face of the bottom (2a) of the bucket (2), each box (4) being in fluid communication with the interior of the cup (2) via at least one hole, fluid projection means formed on the at least one box (4). and in fluid communication with the at least one hole and means for regulating fluid flow through the fluid spraying means, said fluid flow control means being controlled by a controller.

Description

BUCKET EQUIPPED WITH AN ONBOARD HUMIDIFYING SYSTEM FOR THE TRACKS, LOADER EQUIPPED WITH THE BUCKET, AND METHOD FOR ADAPTING AN EXISTING BUCKET

The present invention relates to the field of dust removal, and relates more particularly to a bucket equipped with an on-board humidification system tracks designed for the humidification of the tracks and the removal of dust, on a loader equipped with such a bucket and on a method of adapting an existing bucket.

When moving a loader-type machine on tracks, for example but not exclusively for quarries or mines, dust particles are suspended in the air, creating clouds of particles, which can be dangerous for the health of the personnel and can create risks of accidents related to the poor visibility caused by the traffic of the machines on the tracks. Thus, it is useful and necessary to humidify these tracks of circulation to limit these risks.

An existing solution is to fix a reservoir system on the front bumper of the machine so that said system discharges water on the track during the movement of the machine. However, this solution is not compact and the high weight of the tank system can cause damage to the bumper of the vehicle or even unbalance it.

The Chinese utility certificate CN203066152U discloses a loader bucket with a water spray device, a water tank being disposed at the back of the bucket and provided with a spray means and a means for drainage. However, the water tank disposed at the back of the bucket makes this solution non-compact and poses a problem regarding the additional weight of the water tank to be carried by the bucket arm.

The present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a bucket equipped with an on-board humidification system designed for track humidification and dust removal, the water serving the humidification of the tracks being stored in the bottom of the bucket, which makes the compact solution, the stored water can then be projected at the front wheels of the loader, which allows for humidification of the tracks when moving of the loader.

The present invention also makes it possible to adapt this track humidification solution to all loader type machines without major modification of the structure and without mechanical inconvenience or visual gene, the additional weight and the loss of volume being negligible.

The present invention therefore relates to a bucket for a loader, characterized in that the bucket comprises an on-board humidification system tracks comprising: - at least one box formed on the outer face of the bottom of the bucket, each box being in communication fluid with the interior of the cup via at least one through hole formed through the bottom surface of the cup and opening into the respective box; fluid spraying means formed on the at least one well and in fluid communication with the at least one hole through the interior of the at least one well; means for regulating fluid flow through the fluid projection means, said fluid flow control means being controlled by a control device, the on-board humidification system of the tracks being configured to regulate the flow of fluid; flowing a fluid contained in the cup to the fluid spraying means via the fluid flow control means.

Thus, the bucket according to the present invention, when mounted on a loader, makes it possible to humidify the tracks when moving the loader on the tracks and thus to carry out a dust removal.

In addition the water used to moisten the tracks being stored in the bottom of the bucket, the loader does not need to carry an additional water tank, which makes the compact solution, the extra weight of the embedded humidification system tracks being negligible. The sprinkling of water on the tracks is done by gravity, and thus does not require a pump. The at least one box may be welded and / or screwed on the outer face of the bottom of the bucket. Advantageously, the at least one box comprises a removable wall, screwed to the rest of the box, to allow maintenance of the interior of the box.

So-called "dirty" water in the present application, that is to say not coming from the network but coming from reclaimed water, for example from the operation on the site on which the loader is operated , can thus be poured into the bucket when it is empty or taken by the bucket in the lowered position. Then, this dirty water is stored in the bucket in the raised position and discharges onto the tracks through the at least one hole in the bucket and then means for spraying fluid when the loader moves and the means of fluid flow control are actuated.

The bucket is preferably used in a recessed position abutting backward and stretcher in a low position when the loader is carrying water therein.

When the bucket is filled with water, the loader moves at a steady speed, preferably 15 to 20 km / h.

The built-in humidification system of the tracks is mainly mechanical and does not contain a pump, water filtration and spray nozzle.

Water from other sources (network) can of course also be used in the context of the present invention.

It could be envisaged in the context of the present invention that another fluid that water is sprayed via the onboard humidification system of the tracks.

It should be noted that the loader according to the present invention may be a quarry loader, a mine loader, an earth loader or the like.

According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the on-board humidification system of the tracks comprises a box at each end of the bottom of the bucket, at least one hole being formed in the bottom of the bucket opposite each box.

Thus, a first hole is formed on the left side of the bucket so that when mounted on the loader, the first hole is opposite the left front wheel train, and a second hole is formed on the right side of the bucket of the bucket. so that when the bucket is mounted on the loader, the second hole is opposite the front right wheel train of the loader.

According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the fluid projection means are constituted, for each box, by at least one water gun disposed on the respective box.

Thus, the water cannons allow, when the fluid flow control means are actuated, to project water (or other fluid) from the holes on the tracks on which the loader moves or directly on the front wheels the loader, which helps to direct the projection of water and create a uniform shower of water.

It should be noted that the water cannons can advantageously be steerable.

The bucket may have a parabola-shaped cross-sectional bottom, the at least one water gun being disposed on the respective housing to project water in a substantially tangential direction to the bottom of the bucket.

According to a particular characteristic of the invention, each water gun is directed towards a deflector mounted on the bucket and disposed perpendicularly to the jet of water of the water gun.

Thus, the water contained in each box is projected on the associated baffle by the at least one associated water gun, which allows to create a uniform shower of water that flows on the track on which the loader rolls, without wet the front wheels of the loader.

The baffle may preferably be bib-shaped, carp-shaped or spoon-shaped.

A plate can also be attached to the water cannon, suspended cantilever opposite the outlet thereof.

Thus, it ensures a homogeneous spray on the runway across the width of the loader, the water spread over the track weighing the dust and making it non-volatile.

According to a particular feature of the invention, the fluid flow control means comprise, for each hole formed in the bucket, a hydraulic cylinder disposed in the respective box and whose end of the piston is connected to a plate configured to sealing the respective hole in the bucket when said hydraulic cylinder is in the deployed state.

Thus, when the on-board humidification system of the tracks is not used, the plate actuated by the hydraulic cylinder closes the corresponding hole in the bottom of the bucket, the loader can thus resume its original function of loading and unloading. .

On the contrary, when the on-board humidification system of the tracks is used, the hydraulic cylinder retracts, which opens the associated hole in the bucket, thus allowing a flow of water in the associated box from said hole.

The plate associated with the hydraulic cylinder thus makes it possible to ensure the watertightness of the on-board humidification system of the tracks when the latter is not used.

Preferably, a wear part is integrated in each hole in the bottom of the bucket of the loader, said wear part having a slot configured to be closed by the plate connected to the hydraulic cylinder, said slot opening into the associated box for constitute said hole. Thus, water in the bottom of the bucket passes, when the hydraulic cylinder is actuated to open the slot, in the box and is spread by the water cannons to cut down the dust.

When there are several holes / slots formed in the bucket for each box, it is possible to envisage a piston carrying a plurality of sealing plates for closing each hole with a plate by a single piston, or a piston carrying a plate by hole / slot.

According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the fluid flow control means comprise, upstream of each water gun in the fluid flow direction from the inside of the bucket, a hydraulic valve arranged in the respective box. .

Thus, each hydraulic valve can open or close the associated water gun or use the associated water gun in a mode intermittently to achieve water saving.

The hydraulic valve is preferably a plug valve.

It should be noted that the fluid flow control means may be constituted by hydraulic cylinders as described above and / or by hydraulic valves as described above, controlled by the control device. The operator can thus, once the bucket filled with water, treat one or more selected locations by actuating the fluid flow control means.

According to a particular characteristic of the invention, each water gun has a removable nose to adapt the flow rate of the respective water gun.

According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the outlet diameter of the water cannons is adapted according to the need for watering.

Each water gun is advantageously constituted by a barrel body and an outlet head fixed to the barrel body removably, for example by a removable flange for easily changing the outlet orifice of the output head.

Thus, the outlet diameter of the water cannons can be modified depending on the runway watering requirements, the nominal water passage diameter may be, for example, 40 to 80 mm.

According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the fluid flow control means are hydraulically controlled by a control device located on the loader and configured to be controlled by the driver of the loader at the cabin of the car. loader. The invention also relates to a loader characterized in that it comprises a bucket as described above, the control device of the fluid flow control means being attached to the loader and configured to be driven from the cab of the loader, the fluid projection means being directed to the front wheels of the loader.

Thus, the driver of the loader can control the fluid flow means, namely each hydraulic cylinder and / or each hydraulic valve. from the cab via the control device, which allows the loader driver to open the water cannons only when necessary and / or close the water cannons when, for example, the loader is shutdown.

The hydraulic system controlled by the control device is a dedicated hydraulic system or hydraulic system located on the loader.

The present invention also relates to a method of adapting a bucket for a bucket loader to obtain a bucket as described above, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: - performing at least one drilling in the bottom of the bucket to make at least one hole; - Install at least one box on the outer face of the bottom of the bucket facing the at least one hole in the bottom of the bucket of the loader, fluid projection means being arranged on the at least one box facing forward wheels of the loader, fluid flow control means being disposed in the at least one box; and hydraulically connecting the fluid flow control means to a control device located on the loader.

Thus, the on-board humidification system tracks can easily be adapted to an existing loader bucket without major modification of the structure and without mechanical inconvenience or visual gene, the additional weight brought by the box or caissons and their embedded humidification system being negligible.

In addition, the dimensions of the box or boxes can be adapted according to those of the bucket of the existing loader. The invention also relates to an on-board system humidification system of the tracks as described above, intended to be mounted on a loader bucket, the bottom of said bucket being previously drilled to allow fluid communication between the bottom of the bucket and the box or caissons of the onboard humidification system tracks mounted on said bucket.

To better illustrate the object of the present invention will be described below, by way of illustration and not limited to, a preferred embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In these drawings: - Figure 1 is a side view of a loader according to the present invention; Figure 2a is a horizontal sectional view of an on-board track humidification system, according to a first embodiment of the present invention, when the bucket of the loader is closed; Figure 2b is a horizontal sectional view of the on-board humidification system of the tracks of Figure 2a when the bucket of the loader is open; Figure 3 is a front view of the on-board humidification system of the tracks of Figure 2a and 2b; FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view, along the plane F-F of FIG. 3, of the onboard humidification system of the tracks of FIG. 2a installed on the bucket of the loader; 5a is a vertical sectional view, along the plane G-G of FIG. 3, of the on-board humidification system of the tracks of FIG. 2a installed on the bucket of the loader, when the bucket of the loader is closed; FIG. 5b is a vertical sectional view, along the plane G-G of FIG. 3, of the on-board humidification system of the tracks of FIG. 2a installed on the bucket of the loader, when the bucket of the loader is open; 6 is a vertical sectional view, along the plane H-H of FIG. 3, of the onboard humidification system of the tracks of FIG. 2a installed on the bucket of the loader; Figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view of an on-board track humidification system, according to a second embodiment of the present invention, when the bucket of the loader is open; and FIG. 8 is a front view of the on-board humidification system of the tracks of FIG. 7.

Referring to Figure 1, it can be seen that there is shown a loader 1 according to the present invention.

The loader 1 is a wheel loader comprising a frame on which is mounted a cabin Ib and under which are mounted rear wheel trains the front and Id.

The powerful wheels of the loader 1, driven by a powerful motor, allow the practice of all types of sufficiently hard ground and a big push forward.

The loader 1 further comprises an articulated arm connected to the frame la and at the end of which is fixed a bucket 2, the outer face of the bottom 2a is turned towards the front wheels Id of the loader 1, said bucket 2 can make a vertical movement and rotate around its carrier axis.

The loader 1 may be a quarry loader, a mine loader, an earth loader or the like.

Bucket 2 comprises an onboard humidification system tracks 3 comprising two boxes 4 formed on the outer face of the bottom 2a of the bucket 2 respectively facing the wheel trains front left and right ID of the loader 1.

It should be noted that the onboard humidification system of the tracks 3 could also comprise a single box 4 or more than two boxes 4, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The bottom 2a of the bucket 2 comprises two holes (not shown in Figure 1) opening respectively on the two boxes 4, each hole being intended to let water 5 stored in the bucket 2 to the corresponding box 4.

It should be noted that the bottom 2a of the bucket 2 could also include any number of holes opening on each box 4, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The on-board humidification system of the tracks 3 further comprises, on each side of the loader 1, water cannons 6, as fluid projection means, arranged on the respective box 4, directed towards the front wheelset. Respective ID and in fluid communication from the inside of the respective box 4 with the respective hole in the bottom 2a of the bucket 2.

The onboard humidification system of the tracks 3 further comprises fluid flow control means (not shown in FIG. 1) configured to regulate the flow of water through the water cannons 6.

Thus, the water cannons 6 allow, when the fluid flow control means are actuated, to project water from the holes on the tracks on which the loader 1 moves, which allows to direct the projection of water and create a uniform spray of water.

It should be noted that the water cannons 6 could also be orientable.

Thus, the loader 1 makes it possible, by means of its bucket 2 equipped with the on-board humidification system of the tracks 3, to humidify the tracks when the loader 1 is moved on the tracks and thus to carry out a dust removal. .

Each box 4 may be welded and / or screwed onto the outer face of the bottom 2a of the cup 2.

So-called "dirty" water, for example from the operation on the site on which the loader 1 is operated, can thus be poured into the bucket 2 when it is empty or taken by the bucket 2 in position. lowered. Then, this dirty water is stored in the bucket 2 in the recessed position abutting backward and stretcher in the down position and flows on the tracks, through the holes in the bucket 2 and water cannons 6, when the loader 1 moves and the fluid flow control means are actuated.

Water from other sources (network) can of course also be used in the context of the present invention.

The bucket 2 is preferably used in a recessed position abutting backward and stretcher in the down position when the loader 1 carries water 5 therein, as shown in FIG.

Referring to Figures 2a, 2b, 3, 4, 5a, 5b and 6, it can be seen that there is shown the on-board humidification system of the tracks 3 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. .

A wear part 7 is integrated in each hole 8 formed in the bottom 2a of the bucket 2, said wear part 7 having a slot 9 opening into the casing 4 associated.

It should be noted that only one box 4 of the onboard humidification system of the tracks 3 will be described later, the two boxes 4 of the system 3 being of identical structures.

The fluid flow control means comprise, for each hole 8 in the cup 2, a hydraulic jack 10 disposed in the box 4.

The hydraulic jack 10 comprises a cylinder 11 in which a piston 12 moves, the free end of the piston 12 being connected to a plate 13 whose shape is configured to seal / seal the slot 9 in the wear part. 7 when said hydraulic cylinder 10 is in the deployed state.

Thus, as illustrated in FIGS. 2a and 5a, when the onboard humidification system of the tracks 3 is not used, the plate 13 actuated by the hydraulic jack 10 closes the slot 9 in the wear part 7, the loader 1 can thus resume its original function of loading and unloading.

On the contrary, as illustrated in FIGS. 2b and 5b, when the onboard humidification system of the tracks 3 is used, the hydraulic jack 10 retracts, which opens the slot 9 in the wear part 7, thus allowing a flow of water in the box 4 from the bottom 2a of the bucket 2.

The plate 13 associated with the hydraulic jack 10 thus makes it possible to ensure the tightness of the onboard humidification system of the tracks 3 when the latter is not used. The water present in the bottom 2a of the bucket 2 passes, when the hydraulic cylinder 10 is actuated to open the slot 9, in the box 4 and is spread by the water cannons 6 to cut down the dust on the tracks- in front of the front wheels Id.

It should be noted that a grid could also be arranged, facing each hole 8, on the inside face of the bottom 2a of the bucket 2 in order to prevent pebbles from entering the casing 4 when the slot 9 is open without departing from the scope of the present invention. The mesh of such a grid will be defined according to the characteristics of the water cannons 6.

The box 4 is constituted by a bottom wall 4a, an upper wall 4b and three side walls 4c, assembled together by welding and / or screwing.

The bottom wall 4a, the top wall 4b and two of the side walls 4c of the box 4 are screwed onto the outer face of the wear part 7 by means of screws 14.

The box 4 further comprises a removable wall 4d, screwed on the bottom wall 4a of the box 4, with screws 15, facing an opening formed in the bottom wall 4a of the box 4, to allow maintenance from inside the box 4.

The plate 13 is also connected to two guide rods 16 parallel to the piston 12 and respectively disposed on either side of the piston 12, said two guide rods 16 sliding respectively in two holes 16a formed in the side plate 4c of the box. 4 when the plate 13 is driven by the displacement of the piston 12.

The piston 12 slides for its part in a hole 12a formed in the side plate 4c of the box 4 between the two holes 16a.

The side wall 4c of the box 4 further comprises two holes 6a opposite which are fixed the two water cannons 6 with screws 17.

The bucket 2 is attached to a carrier shaft 18 around which the bucket 2 is configured to pivot.

As shown only in FIG. 6, the embossed humidification system of the tracks 3 is embedded in a frame 19 comprising a lower plate 19a and an upper plate 19b fixed to the outer face of the cup 2 via a piece link 19c wedge-shaped, the frame 19 being fixed to the outer face of the bucket 2 by welding and / or screwing.

A deflector 20 is further attached to the lower part of the upper plate 19b of the frame 19 by means of screws 20a, the deflector being disposed opposite the outlet of the water gun 6, perpendicularly to the jet of water of the barrel water 6.

Thus, the water contained in the casing 4 is projected onto the deflector 20 by the water cannon 6, which makes it possible to create a uniform shower of water which flows onto the track on which the loader 1 rolls, without wetting the front wheels of the loader 1.

The baffle 20 is bib-shaped, but could also be carp-shaped or spoon-shaped.

It should be noted that the deflector 20 could also be fixed directly to the water gun 6, suspended cantilevered opposite the outlet thereof, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The hydraulic cylinder 10 is hydraulically controlled by a control device (not shown in the Figures) located on the loader 1 and configured to be driven by the driver of the loader 1 at the cabin Ib of the loader 1, this which allows the driver of the loader 1 to operate the hydraulic cylinder 10 to open the slot 9 only when necessary and / or close the slot 9 when, for example, the loader 1 is stopped.

Referring to Figures 7 and 8, it can be seen that there is shown the on-board humidification system of tracks 21 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The common elements between the on-board humidification system of the tracks 3 according to the first embodiment illustrated in the preceding figures and this on-board humidification system of the tracks 21 according to the second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8 bear the same reference number, and will not be described in more detail here when they are identical structures.

The onboard humidification system of the tracks 21 according to the second embodiment is identical to the onboard humidification system of the tracks 3 according to the first embodiment except that a hydraulic valve 22, of the plug valve type. , is disposed between each water gun 6 and the side wall 4c of the box 4.

Each hydraulic valve 22 is fixed by screwing on the side wall 4c of the box 4 facing the respective hole 6a in the side wall 4c of the box 4, the corresponding water gun 6 being fixed by screwing on the hydraulic valve 22 associated with the using screws 17.

Thus, each hydraulic valve 22 can open or close the associated water gun 6, or use the associated water gun 6 in a mode intermittently to achieve a saving of water. The operator can thus, once the bucket 2 filled with water 5, treat one or more selected locations by actuating the hydraulic cylinder 10 and the hydraulic valves 22 successively or simultaneously.

It should be noted that the fluid flow control means can be constituted by hydraulic cylinders 10 as described in the first embodiment and / or by hydraulic valves 22 as described in the second embodiment, ordered by the control device.

Thus, the onboard humidification system of the tracks 21 according to the second embodiment could also not include a hydraulic jack 10, the fluid flow being controlled solely by the hydraulic valves 22, without departing from the scope of this invention.

The hydraulic valves 22 are controlled by a hydraulic valve control system 23 disposed above the hydraulic valves 22 and configured to control the opening / closing of the hydraulic valves 22, the hydraulic valve control system 23 being connected to the control device. control located on the loader 1.

The hydraulic valve control system 23 comprises a horizontal support 24 in mounted position on which are fixed two cams 25 rotating along a vertical axis respectively disposed above the two hydraulic valves 22.

The hydraulic valve control system 23 further comprises a horizontal hydraulic valve control cylinder 26 whose two ends are respectively connected to the two rotary cams by means of two vertical arms 27, the lower parts of the two cams being respectively connected to the plugs (not shown in Figures 7 and 8) of the two hydraulic valves 22.

The hydraulic valve control cylinder 26 is controlled by the control device located on the loader 1, so that when the hydraulic valve control cylinder 26 is retracted, the hydraulic valves 22 are closed, and when the hydraulic cylinder of valve control 26 is deployed, this causes rotation along the vertical axis of the two cams 25 and simultaneously the rotation of the plugs of the two hydraulic valves 22 and thus the opening of the hydraulic valves 22.

The two cams 25 and therefore the plugs of the two hydraulic valves 22 rotate in opposite directions when the hydraulic valve actuator cylinder 26 is actuated.

It should be noted that, in FIG. 8, the hydraulic valve control cylinder 26 is shown in the retracted state and that the hydraulic valves 22 are therefore in the closed state. The invention also relates to a method of adapting a bucket 2 to an existing bucket loader 1, characterized in that it consists in producing at least one hole in the bottom 2a of the bucket 2 in order to achieve at least one a hole 8; installing at least one box 4 on the outer face of the bottom 2a of the bucket 2 opposite the at least one hole 8 formed in the bottom 2a of the bucket 2 of the loader 1, fluid projection means being arranged on the at least one casing 4 facing the front wheels Id of the loader 1, fluid flow control means being arranged in the at least one casing 4; and hydraulically connecting the fluid flow control means to a controller located on the loader 1.

Thus, the onboard humidification system of the tracks 3, 21 can easily be adapted to an existing loader bucket 1 without heavy modification of the structure and without mechanical inconvenience or visual gene, the additional weight being negligible. It is simply necessary to separate the bucket from the stretcher, adapt it before reinstalling it on the stretcher.

In addition, the dimensions of the caissons 4 can be adapted to those of the bucket 2 of the existing loader 1. The invention also relates to an on-board system humidification system tracks 3, 21, to be mounted on a bucket 2 loader 1, the bottom 2a of said bucket 2 being pre-drilled to allow fluid communication between the bottom 2a bucket 2 and the caissons 4 or the onboard humidification system tracks 3, 21 mounted on said bucket 2.

Claims (10)

1 - bucket (2) for loader (1), characterized in that the bucket (2) comprises an on-board humidification system tracks (3; 21) comprising: - at least one box (4) formed on the face outside the bottom (2a) of the bucket (2), each box (4) being in fluid communication with the interior of the cup (2) via at least one through hole (8) formed through the surface the bottom (2a) of the bucket (2) and opening into the respective box (4); - Fluid projection means formed on the at least one box (4) and in fluid communication with the at least one hole (8) through the interior of the at least one box (4); means for regulating fluid flow through the fluid spraying means, said fluid flow regulation means being controlled by a control device, the onboard humidification system of the tracks (3; 21) being configured to regulate the flow of a fluid contained in the cup (2) to the fluid spraying means via the fluid flow control means. 2 - bucket (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the onboard humidification system tracks (3; 21) comprises a box (4) at each end of the bottom (2a) of the bucket (2), at at least one hole being formed in the bottom (2a) of the cup (2) facing each box (4). 3 - bucket (2) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the fluid projection means are constituted, for each box (4), by at least one water gun (6) disposed on the box (4) respective. 4 - bucket (2) according to claim 3, characterized in that the bucket (2) has a parabola-shaped bottom in cross section, 1 'at least one water gun (6) being arranged on the housing (4 ) for projecting water in a direction substantially tangential to the bottom (2a) of the bucket (2). 5 - Bucket (2) according to claim 3 or claim 4, characterized in that each water gun (6) is directed to a deflector (20) mounted on the bucket (2) and arranged perpendicularly to the water jet water cannon (6). 6 - bucket (2) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fluid flow control means comprise, for each hole (8) formed in the bucket (2), a hydraulic cylinder ( 10) disposed in the respective box (2) and whose end of the piston (12) is connected to a plate (13) configured to seal the respective hole (8) in the cup (2) when said hydraulic cylinder (10) is in the deployed state. 7 - bucket (2) according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the fluid flow control means comprise, upstream of each water gun (6) in the fluid flow direction from inside the bucket (2), a hydraulic valve (22) disposed in the respective box (2). 8 - bucket (2) according to 1'élne claims 3 to 7, characterized in that each water gun (6) has a removable nose to adjust the flow of the respective water gun (6). 9 - Loader (1) characterized in that it comprises a bucket (2) according to one of claims 1 to 8, the control device of the fluid flow control means being attached to the loader (1) and configured to be driven from the cab (Ib) of the loader, the fluid projecting means being directed to the front wheel set (Id) of the loader (1). 10 - A method of adapting a bucket for loader (1) bucket to obtain a bucket (2) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the steps of; - Make at least one hole in the bottom (2a) of the bucket · (2) to achieve at least one hole (8); - install at least one box (4) on the outer face of the bottom (2a) of the bucket (2) facing the at least one hole (8) formed in the bottom (2a) of the bucket (2) of the loader (1), fluid projection means being disposed on the at least one box (4) facing the front wheel trains (Id) of the loader (1), fluid flow control means being arranged in the at least one box (4); and hydraulically connecting the fluid flow control means to a control device located on the loader (1).