FR3047499A1 - MODULES OF GARDEN WALLS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the module consisting of a recessed central portion for receiving the substrate (3) and reserves for molding the vertical structures (5). The facades of the module are formed of inclined faces (9) clearing the surfaces for planting (2) and retaining the substrate so that it does not flow outside. Reserves are provided for the passage of irrigation networks, heating, lighting ... (11 10). The standard module is completed by specific modules constituting the base of the structure, the head of the structure ... the modules can be made of concrete, steel, plastic, terracotta ... The module according to the invention is designed to create walls, or decorative / acoustic / thermal screens, retaining walls, planted gabions, walls for doubling existing walls, and load-bearing walls for building construction. Placed at an angle, they allow the construction of riprap, slope protection, shore reinforcement etc.

Description

MODULE OF WALL-GARDEN

Background

The present invention relates to the construction of vertical or oblique structures, including walls, intended to be planted on one, two, three or four facades. State of the art

The prior art consists of the application, on an existing load-bearing wall, of elements intended for the cultivation of plants. Some devices consist of a superposition of molded elements whose shape does not allow to sustainably contain the substrate. Others do not allow to create vertical structures, but only to contain slopes. None of these devices allows the sustainable cultivation of plants by forming a self-supporting wall and carrying loads. Summary of the invention

A wall module according to the invention consists of a recessed central part intended to receive a mixture for planting, lateral reserves which form forms for a vertical structure (when several modules are juxtaposed) and facades consisting of inclined faces which clear the planting surfaces and retain the substrate.

Several modules can be juxtaposed and superimposed vertically to form a load-bearing wall that can be planted on at least one facade.

Several modules can be juxtaposed and superimposed at an angle of less than 90 ° to form supports, or embankment protection, or cracks or bank protections ...

The module can allow the passage of irrigation networks, heating, lighting ... vertically and horizontally by dedicated reserves.

The module may consist of several parts assembled on site.

Several modules can be linked together by a horizontal sill cast on site.

Each module can be armed by a metal frame or other, whose apparent part is embedded in the vertical structure thus linking the modules together and to the vertical structure.

Irrigation water can be collected at the base of the wall through a drain, and then pumped into an irrigation system.

The planting mix may consist of either a sustainable natural substrate or an inert substrate supplemented with input inputs ("off-ground" crop)

The module can be completed with a "mulching" element on a planting surface.

Brief description of the figures

Figure 1 illustrates several wall modules according to the invention, juxtaposed and superimposed to form a wall section; Figures 2 to 4 illustrate different views of a wall module according to the invention; Figure 5 illustrates a module consisting of several parts assembled on the site; FIG. 6 illustrates a module making it possible to produce a larger vertical structure, when the modules are intended to make retaining walls; Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a top view and a side view of modules to be planted on a single facade, providing a blind facade on the non-planted side; Figures 9 and 10 illustrate modules for curved structures or columns, the facades being curved; Figures 11 to 14 illustrate in section different variants of sections of a module according to the invention; and Figures 15 to 17 illustrate a module completed with a "mulching" element on the planting surface.

Description of Embodiments of the Invention

Modules juxtaposed and superimposed allow according to the invention to realize self-supporting structures and load carriers, including walls. The module is straight or curved (Figure 9, Figure 10), it is made including concrete or steel, or wood, plastic, terracotta, etc.

The module (Figures 1 to 4) consists of: - a central space 3 for containing a mixture for planting. Having no bottom, the superimposed modules allow the roots to grow in a large volume of substrate. A biodegradable background is set up for the pre-planted modules. Specific barriers, allowing the rootlets to pass, can be put in place to limit the settlement of the plantation mixture. The volume of this space is adapted to the envisaged plantations. - Reserves 5 are intended to sink a reinforced concrete support structure 6. They are located either inside or outside the module. Located on the standard module at both ends, they form, when the modules are juxtaposed and superimposed, vertical tubular formwork. - Reinforcements 8 of the module (steel, stainless steel, fiber, carbon ...) are left visible in these reserves so that the forces applied to the facades are returned to the supporting structure. This carrier structure also i function to bind together (in three dimensions) modules that are mounted without bonding masonry. The shapes and dimensions of these reserves are adapted to the structural performances required (height of the structure, retaining wall ...). Horizontal stringers 7 can be put in place or molded in order to reinforce the connection between the vertical posts of the supporting structure. They are molded on the plantation mix or laid, if prefabricated. - In front, the planting mixture is contained by the inclined form 2 which releases the cultivable surface of the lower module. The inner bias portion and) not visible close to 45 °, while the visible bias portion 9 may be more or less inclined. This angle defines the height dimension of the vertical part 1 of the facade and allows different facade designs by varying the proportion of solid and voids. This vertical part can offer different models (figure 13) for aesthetic or technical reasons (acoustic reverberation, rainwater flow ...). - Reserves facilitate the passage of irrigation networks, heating, lighting, vertically (12) and horizontally (11). Networks can also be integrated into the module material to be concealed or protected. Like the plantations, they can be put in place as the work is assembled but also replaced easily. - For aesthetic reasons in particular, the visible parts of the modules (9 and 1) can be covered with wood, steel, aluminum terracotta, etc. According to the particular embodiments, the shape of the modules may vary: They may consist of several parts assembled on site (Figure 5), especially for large modules. - Modules intended to be planted on a single facade may offer a blind facade on the non-planted side (Figures 7 and 8). - When the modules are intended to make retaining walls, the vertical structure may be more important (Figure 6). - For curved structures or columns, the façades will be curved (Figures 9 and 10).

The structures require specific modules (wall head, end caps), lintels for openings, wall foot module) allowing the evacuation of the mixture for planting if a replacement is necessary.

Complementary parts: - To facilitate the cultivation of plants, additional "mulching" devices are adaptable (Figures 15, 16, 17). They are intended to cover the cultivable surface thus preventing the development of weeds to let the crop plants pass. They consist of a carrier element 15 and a plastic mulching 16. - Visible frontage, elements can attach cables, stakes,) trellises (Figure 14). - Insect or pest barriers can be integrated on the wall foot modules.

Irrigation Irrigation is provided either by networks of drippers or porous tubes or, by gravity, by adding water to the upper part of the wall, or by sprinkling the facades. Irrigation water can be collected at the bottom of the wall by means of a drain, and a pump will recycle the water into the irrigation network. This device saves 50 to 70% of the irrigation water. Mixture for plantations:

The mixture for planting consists of either an earthy mixture allowing a biological and natural life of the culture substrate or an inert mixture (expanded clay, sand, pozzolan, fibers ...) which with the help of Adapted inputs allows soil cultivation.

Special uses - The modules, open on both sides, allow to migrate through the substrate, polluted air to remove certain pollutants. To do this it is necessary to mechanically create a depression on a facade (biofiltration). - A vertical structure made with modules can treat some polluted water. The latter, transiting through gravity through the planting mixture, is decontaminated by the root system of the plants, the biological life and the granulometry of the substrate. - They can also be used for the treatment of polluted water. The latter, crossing the gravity planting mixture, are cleaned by the root system, the biological life and the granulometry of the planting mixture.

Claims (10)

claims A wall module comprising: a recessed central portion forming a planting surface for receiving a planting mixture (3); lateral reserves (5) forming forms for a vertical structure when several modules are juxtaposed; and facades consisting of inclined faces (9) which clear the planting surface (2) and retain the substrate. 2- wall formed of several modules according to claim 1, juxtaposed and superimposed vertically to form a load-bearing wall that can be planted on at least one facade 3- wall formed of several modules according to claim 1, juxtaposed and superimposed at an angle of less than 90 ° to form a support, a slope protection, a perimeter, or edge protection. 4- Module according to claim 1, characterized in that it allows the passage of irrigation networks, heating, or lighting, vertically and horizontally by dedicated reserves (12,10). 5- module according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of several parts assembled on site. 6. Wall according to claim 2, characterized in that the modules are interconnected by a horizontal sill cast on site. 7- Module according to claim 1, characterized in that it is armed by a metal frame or other, whose apparent portion (8) is embedded in the vertical structure, thus linking the modules juxtaposed between them and the vertical structure. 8- Wall according to claim 2, characterized in that irrigation water is recovered at the base of the wall by a drain, and then injected by means of a pump into an irrigation network. 9- Module according to claim 1, characterized in that the planting mixture consists of either a durable natural substrate or an inert substrate supplemented with input inputs. 10- Module according to claim 1, characterized in that it is completed by a member forming "mulching" on a planting surface.