FR3037744A1 - COVER ASSEMBLY FOR A BUILDING EQUIPPED WITH PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS, SUPPORT STRUCTURE FOR A PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL, INSTALLATION AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cover assembly for roofing a building comprising at least one photovoltaic panel (1) and a cover (2), said cover assembly forming at least one air circulation tunnel (4). , said tunnel (4) having a bottom consisting of said cover (2), a ceiling constituted by said photovoltaic panel (1) and side walls, and being characterized in that said cover (2) is formed by a cover constituted by at least one corrugated or ribbed one-piece plate, said cover having at least two elongated projections (21) extending parallel to each other, said photovoltaic panel (1) being attached to said projecting portions (21) so as to that the latter form at least in part the side walls of the air circulation tunnel (4). Photovoltaic panels.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic panels, in particular hybrid installations making it possible to use circulating air. BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE under the photovoltaic panels, for example in order to recover thermal energy. The invention relates more specifically to a roof assembly for roofing a building comprising at least one photovoltaic panel and a roof, said roof assembly forming at least one air circulation tunnel 10, said tunnel having a bottom constituted by said cover, a ceiling constituted by said photovoltaic panel and side walls. The invention also relates to a support structure for installing at least one photovoltaic panel on a roof of a building, said roof comprising at least one cover constituted by at least one corrugated or ribbed monobloc plate, said cover presenting at least one at least two elongate protruding portions extending parallel to one another, said structure being intended to form during the installation of said photovoltaic panel on the cover by means of said structure an air circulation tunnel between said cover and said photovoltaic panel, said structure comprising: a support to which said photovoltaic panel is intended to be attached; a fixing means for fixing said support to said corrugated or ribbed plate of the cover. The invention finally relates to a method of producing a roof assembly for roofing a building comprising at least one photovoltaic panel and a cover, said cover assembly forming at least one air circulation tunnel, said tunnel having a bottom consisting of said cover, a ceiling constituted by said photovoltaic panel and side walls, said cover being formed by a cover constituted by at least one corrugated or ribbed monobloc plate, said cover having at least two projecting portions; lying parallel to each other. It is well known to install photovoltaic panels on the roof of a building in order to convert the energy energy from the sun into electricity.

Given their exposure, the photovoltaic panels will tend to heat up under the effect of solar radiation, so that it is also known to use this thermal energy to heat a fluid flowing under these photovoltaic panels. Thus, it is known to produce hybrid thermal-photovoltaic installations, using on the one hand the energy of the sunlight to transform it into electricity thanks to the photovoltaic panels and on the other hand, the latent thermal energy of the latter. to heat a fluid, for example air flowing under the photovoltaic panels. This air, thus heated "free" by the photovoltaic panels, can then be collected and reused in the ventilation system of the building to reduce the energy effort of the latter, especially in winter, by injecting a preheated outside air and not cold. More specifically, it has been proposed to place on the roof of a building rails on which photovoltaic panels are based to thereby achieve an air circulation tunnel. The air is then recovered at the exit of this tunnel to be injected into the ventilation system and I or heating of the building.

However, this installation is primarily theoretical and does not offer practical practical solutions to secure the rails on the roof in a safe, robust and waterproof. In addition, this type of installation has a major drawback related to the low volume of air recovered. Indeed, given the limited height of the mounting rails, the volume of air flowing in the tunnel, that is to say the volume of air flowing between the roof and the photovoltaic panels, is limited to point that the volume of air recovered at the exit of the tunnel is hardly compatible with the use of an exchanger, which requires a large volume of air. Thus, the low volume of air generated by this type of installation implies having to inject the recovered air directly into the interior of the building, which has many disadvantages, particularly from an olfactory point of view. or hygrometric, since the outside air is directly injected inside. Finally, such direct injection of outdoor air is often incompatible with the new standards of thermal insulation.

In addition, the small volume of air collected with the known installation does not allow to heat a large volume of indoor air, so that it is useless to install this type of system on an industrial building, shed type. Thus, the possibilities of application and use of such an installation are often limited to a small-scale installation intended to equip a single dwelling and having a poor performance. The objects assigned to the invention therefore aim to remedy the various disadvantages set out in the foregoing and to propose a new cover assembly making it possible to generate enough heated air by the photovoltaic panels to be able to be used in a heat exchanger, while being of construction and design particularly simple, robust, reliable and cheap. Another object of the invention is to provide a new cover assembly which is particularly easy to install while having a good seal. Another object of the invention is to provide a novel cover assembly using simple and inexpensive to manufacture and / or inexpensive parts, including conventional and simple photovoltaic panels. Another object of the invention is to provide a new cover assembly generating a large volume of heated air which allows heat dissipation of photovoltaic panels more efficient, which increases their efficiency of electricity production.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel photovoltaic panel support structure which is particularly easy to manufacture, transport and install.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new photovoltaic panel support structure which is made from parts that are easy to obtain and / or easy to manufacture. Another object of the invention is to provide a new support structure for photovoltaic panel which is particularly robust and reliable, especially with respect to the wind. Another object of the invention is to provide a new support structure for photovoltaic panel that does not question the waterproofness of the existing roof, nor its mechanical strength.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new support structure for photovoltaic panel which allows the roof to expand under thermal effects. Another object of the invention is to propose a novel method of producing a cover assembly which is particularly simple and quick to implement.

The objects assigned to the invention are achieved by means of a covering assembly intended to make the roof of a building comprising at least one photovoltaic panel and a cover, said cover assembly forming at least one traffic tunnel. air, said tunnel having a bottom consisting of said cover, a ceiling constituted by said photovoltaic panel and side walls, and being characterized in that said cover is formed by a cover consisting of at least one corrugated or ribbed monobloc plate said cover having at least two elongated protruding portions extending parallel to each other, said photovoltaic panel being attached to said protruding portions so that the latter protrude at least in part from the side walls of the traffic tunnel air. The objects assigned to the invention are also achieved by means of a support structure for the installation of at least one photovoltaic panel on a roof of a building, said roof comprising at least one cover constituted by at least 3037744 A corrugated or ribbed one-piece plate, said cover having at least two elongate protruding portions extending parallel to each other, said structure being adapted to form upon placement of said photovoltaic panel on the cover by means of said structure an air circulation tunnel between said cover and said photovoltaic panel, said structure comprising: - a support to which said photovoltaic panel is intended to be attached, - a fixing means for fixing said support to said corrugated or ribbed plate of the cover, said structure being characterized in that the support comprises at least two longitudinal members intended for r respectively on a first and a second projecting portion and in that it comprises a seal intended to be positioned between each of the longitudinal members and each of said projecting portions. The objects assigned to the invention are finally achieved by means of a method of producing a covering assembly intended to make the roof of a building comprising at least one photovoltaic panel and a cover, said cover assembly forming at least one air circulation tunnel, said tunnel having a bottom consisting of said cover, a ceiling constituted by said photovoltaic panel and side walls, said cover being formed by a cover constituted by at least one corrugated or ribbed monobloc plate said cover having at least two elongated protruding portions extending parallel to each other, said method being characterized in that the photovoltaic panel is attached to said protruding portions so that the latter form at least partly the side walls of the air circulation tunnel. Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the description which follows, as well as with the aid of the accompanying drawings, given purely by way of illustration and without limitation, in which: FIG. a perspective view of a roof forming part of the roof assembly as defined by the invention. FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the roof of FIG. 1 equipped with fastening devices as defined by the invention. - Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a cover assembly as defined by a first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 shows a detailed perspective view of the bottom of the cover assembly as defined by the first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 5 presents a detailed perspective view of the top of the cover assembly as defined by the first embodiment of the invention. Figure 6 shows a particularly detailed perspective view of the top of the cover assembly as defined by the first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7 shows a perspective view from a roof panel not equipped with photovoltaic panels of the covering assembly as defined by the first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 8 shows, in side view, a first seal forming part of the support structure as defined by the invention. - Figure 9 shows, in side view a carrier rail forming part of the support structure as defined by a first embodiment of the support structure of the invention. FIG. 10 shows, in side view, a second seal forming part of the support structure as defined by the first variant of the invention. FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of a part of the structure defined according to the first variant of the invention and showing the assembly of the parts of FIGS. 8 to 10 with the fixing devices of FIG. 2. 303 7 74 FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of another carrier rail forming part of the support structure as defined by a second variant embodiment of the support structure of the invention. FIG. 13 shows a front view of the support structure as defined by the second variant of the invention. FIG. 14 is the side view of FIG. 13. FIGS. 15 and 16 each show a perspective view from inside the building of a covering assembly as defined by a second embodiment of the invention. . FIGS. 17 and 18 each show a perspective view of a building on which a covering assembly is being installed according to the second embodiment of the invention. The invention relates to a roof assembly for roofing a building. A building means, without departing from the scope of the invention, any type of construction intended to serve as a shelter and to isolate the interior with respect to the outside. Thus, in a nonlimiting and non-exhaustive manner, a building may designate a private individual dwelling as a house, or collective as a building, but also buildings intended for public use, such as a store, a school, a room shows, etc. Preferably, the building in question may designate a building intended for industrial and / or agricultural use, such as a shed, a barn, a barn, etc. In general, such a building has a roof, that is to say a multitude of rooms which rest on the walls of the building, generally in height and which are intended, directly or indirectly, to contribute to the closure and the watertightness of the building. Thus, in a nonlimiting and non-exhaustive manner, a roof comprises elements such as a frame, a roof, a chimney, vents, ducts, etc. Furthermore, as can be seen in Figure 1, advantageously, a plurality of purlins 5 support the cover 2. These purlins 5, or beams, thus constitute a rigid structure and provide a framework. Preferably, these beams or purlins 5 are arranged perpendicularly to the slope of the roof, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. Preferably, these load-bearing elements are of shapes and materials which make it possible to ensure a good holding mechanical while being light, and are advantageously made, especially in the roofing of industrial buildings by IPN type profiles. The beams or purlins 5 may be made of any material as long as it has the mechanical strength, and in particular the flexural strength, sufficient to support the cover 2 and resist external aggression. Advantageously, in a non-exhaustive and nonlimiting manner, the purlins 5 are made by materials of the wood, concrete, steel or aluminum type. According to the invention, the cover assembly comprises a cover 2. By cover means any device intended to perform the function of protecting the interior of the building against external elements, such as for example in a nonlimiting and non-limiting manner. exhaustive rain, snow, wind or sun. A covering can be achieved by means of a uniform device, such as a waterproof coating for example, or by means of a multitude of parts which are assembled together, at least in a watertight manner, such as for example tiles. A tile-based cover, which overlaps with each other, is thus perfectly waterproof, but is not airtight, given the generally curved shape of the tiles. Advantageously, the cover comprises two sections inclined relative to each other and separated by a ridge line forming the top of the cover. According to the invention, said cover 2 is formed by a cover constituted by at least one corrugated or ribbed monoblock plate. Preferably, said roof is constituted by a plurality of corrugated or ribbed monobloc plates, which are in the form of ribbed steel sheet which are juxtaposed and assembled together so as to create a homogeneous and continuous surface. Advantageously, the plates thus assembled constitute a watertight and preferably airtight cover. Preferably, the watertight cover 2 can be made using products of the trademark 3037744 9 BACACIER ® which proposes in particular cover plates easy to arrange on a roof and to juxtapose them so as to achieve a watertight cover. water and air. Advantageously, these cover plates are in the form of steel sheets which have a plurality of ribs regularly spaced by recesses, on the one hand to improve the rigidity of the latter and on the other hand to form on the cover , drainage channels and guiding water. Thus, according to the invention, the cover 2 has at least two elongate projections 21 extending parallel to each other, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. For protruding portion is meant any shape that protrudes relative to the main plane 10 and / or the average plane of the cover. Advantageously, said main plane of the cover is constituted by the plane portions of the previously described plates. These protruding portions 21 may be of any shape, and advantageously have a geometric profile, such as, for example, in a non-exhaustive and nonlimiting manner, a semi-circular profile, a triangular profile, a rectangular profile or even more preferably a trapezoidal profile such as the plates. of ribbed steel sheet proposed by the trademark BACACIER ®. Preferably, the corrugations of the cover follow a trapezoidal profile, so as to constitute projecting portions 21 of trapezoidal profile, the large base of the trapezium is aligned with the plate, corresponding to the recessed portion of the cover, and the small base of the trapezium realizes the top of the projections 21. Advantageously, the height of the undulation, in other words, the height of the projecting portion 21 of the cover 2, that is to say the distance between the large base and the small base of the trapezium is in a range from 10mm to 80mm and preferably in a range from 30mm to 50mm. Advantageously, the distance 25 between two corrugations, in other words the distance between two protruding portions 21 of the cover 2, that is to say at a distance which separates two vertices of two consecutive trapezoids from the profile of the cover, is in a range from 100 nm to 500 mm and preferably in a range from 200 mm to 350 mm. Preferably, the thickness of these plates is in the range of 0.5mm to 2mm.

The cover assembly according to the invention comprises at least one photovoltaic panel 1. A photovoltaic panel, also called photovoltaic solar collector or photovoltaic solar module is a well-known device which transforms, thanks to a multitude of photovoltaic cells, the energy of light, 5 and more precisely the photons contained in the sunlight, in electricity. These devices use the photovoltaic effect, that is to say the physical phenomenon according to which incident light radiation causes the appearance of a potential difference between the two terminals of a semiconductor junction, in order to produce 'electricity. Advantageously, the expression photovoltaic panel also includes the various electrical and / or electronic devices as well as the associated wired connections which thus allow these different modules to be able to generate a usable electricity within a particular or industrial installation. Currently known photovoltaic panels are generally in the form of plates, that is to say in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds very thin, usually a few millimeters, while the length of these panels is generally 1m to 2m and their width of plus or minus 1m. Thus, the surface of such panels is often between approximately 1 and 2 m 2. Of course, these dimensions are given by way of example, and are not limiting for the invention.

The photovoltaic panels can indifferently comprise a frame or not. Indeed, it is common to find on the market photovoltaic panels that are equipped with a frame, usually steel or aluminum, which has the advantage of protecting the panel. In addition, this frame gives the photovoltaic panel greater rigidity. Alternatively, one can also find panels that have no frames, and are therefore more fragile and less rigid but whose footprint is less, which facilitates their integration. The invention can indifferently use these two types of photovoltaic panels, or even another type of photovoltaic panel not mentioned here. However, in the remainder of the description and in the various figures, a photovoltaic panel with frame will be preferentially described and used to implement the invention.

Advantageously, it is common to install these photovoltaic panels on the roof of a building, and preferably on the roof panels best exposed to the sun, including the roof pan facing south (for buildings located in the northern hemisphere). Indeed, it is according to this orientation that the yield of the 5 photovoltaic panels will be optimal, while optimizing a surface, the roof of the building, generally untapped and lost. Advantageously, the photovoltaic panels are aligned and arranged in a multitude of rows, so as to constitute a field of photovoltaic panels as shown in FIG.

According to the invention, the cover assembly forms at least one air circulation tunnel 4, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. Tunnel means any type of gallery extending over a substantial length. According to the invention, said tunnel 4 having a bottom consisting of said cover 2, a ceiling constituted by said photovoltaic panel 1 and side walls. Thus, preferentially, as can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, said tunnel extends longitudinally between a first and a second opposite opening, respectively corresponding to the inlet and the outlet of the air. Thus the arrows visible in these figures represent the different inputs of the different tunnels. But this is a simple convention, it being understood, that the air could flow in an opposite direction, the inputs then becoming the outputs of the tunnels and vice versa. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the entrance to the tunnel 4 can be left as it is, that is to say without any protection, but said entry can also preferably be equipped with a device for preventing intrusion of objects. and or animals, like a grid for example.

According to the invention, said photovoltaic panel 1 is fixed to said projecting portions 21 so that the latter form at least partly the side walls of the air circulation tunnel 4. In other words, the projecting portions 21 previously defined, and preferentially the projecting portions of trapezoidal profile, constitute a part, indeed the totality, of the side walls of the tunnel 4.

More specifically, the tunnel first has an opening, of substantially rectangular shape and whose horizontal borders, respectively of the bottom and the ceiling, are among others constituted by the border of the cover 2 and the lower border of the photovoltaic panel, and preferentially by its frame. Each substantially vertical edge 5 of the tunnel is constituted by at least one outer edge of a projecting portion 21, and preferably one of the two non-parallel sides of the trapezium, in the case where the projecting portions with trapezoidal profile are used. Thus, the two vertical edges of the tunnel entrance can be made by two edges of two consecutive protruding portions or, preferably by edges of 10 non-consecutive protruding portions, which means that the lower edge of the tunnel entrance comprises also projecting portions, as shown in Figure 4. The tunnel then has a continuous bottom and preferably airtight, consisting of the cover 2 previously defined. Preferably, in the case where the side walls of the tunnel are not made by consecutive protruding portions 15, the bottom of the tunnel also has one or more projecting portions 21, as can be seen in Figure 2. The tunnel presents also a continuous and sealed ceiling, consisting mainly of the internal surface of at least one photovoltaic panel, that is to say the surface of the panel which is not intended to receive sunlight. Advantageously, the tunnel extends substantially over the entire length of the roof pan on which the photovoltaic panels are installed, and is therefore located under a multitude of photovoltaic panels. Thus the length of the tunnel is of the order of several meters or even several tens of meters in the case of industrial buildings, so that the length of the tunnel 4 is advantageously an order of magnitude much greater than that of its openings. It is inside this tunnel that thermal exchanges between air and photovoltaic panels will take place. Indeed, under the effect of the sun, the photovoltaic panels 1 will tend to heat, so that it is possible to take advantage of this latent heat to heat, mainly by convection, the air flowing in the tunnel 4 previously defined. The air used here is ambient outside air, because it represents the simplest solution to implement while giving full satisfaction, but it is quite possible to use, without departing from the scope of the invention another fluid, and especially a heat transfer fluid to further improve the performance of the invention. Preferably, according to the invention, the cover assembly comprises a support 31 between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the cover 2 to ensure the fixing of said photovoltaic panel 1 to said projecting portions 21, as can be seen in FIG. 4. Support means any element whose main function is to support at least one photovoltaic panel, that is to say to ensure the fixation of the latter and to maintain it in place despite the different forces that 10 can exercise on him. Thus, the role of the support is on the one hand to distribute the weight of the photovoltaic panel on the building cover and on the other hand to maintain the photovoltaic panel in place even under the effect of a violent wind for example. Thus, the support, being positioned on the projections 21 and under the photovoltaic panel 1 also constitutes a part of the side walls of the tunnel.

Preferably, the support 31 comprises at least two longitudinal members intended to come respectively on a first and a second projecting portion 21, as defined above. By spar is meant any type of part, preferably substantially rectangular section or geometric, which has a length almost infinite with respect to these other dimensions.

Advantageously, the support comprises a pair of rails whose spacing substantially corresponds to the length or width of the solar panel, so that the weight of the solar panel is also supported by each of the two rails, as illustrated by FIG. According to the invention, the cover assembly preferably comprises a seal 25 interposed between said support 31 and the projecting portions 21. By seal means any device which makes it possible to achieve a seal, in particular with water and air, between the bottom of the support 31 and the top of the projecting portions 21. The seal may be made, for example by a bead of silicone, a rubber bead (for example EPDM ), a bead of glue, etc. Due to the presence of this seal 35 between the top of the protruding parts and the bottom of the support, the seal between these two parts, in other words the seal between the two parts of the side walls of the tunnel 4 is guaranteed, which prevents the air circulating within the tunnel 4 from escaping, thus contributing to the overall best performance of the installation.

Preferably, the seal 35 comprises at least one elongated seal. Preferably, according to the invention, the seal 35 comprises a heel 351 and a lip 352 whose flexibility is less than the flexibility of the heel 351 so as to match the thickness of the core 321 of the fastening means 32 as will be detailed thereafter. By heel means any part of the seal intended to serve as a support, in other words intended to be inserted into another part, and preferably in a rail as will be detailed later. Preferably, the heel 351 has a T-shaped profile, as can be seen in FIG. 10. The heel thus has sufficient flexibility to be able to adapt to the support part but also a sufficient rigidity to ensure the seal is held. in his dwelling. By lip means a portion of the seal intended to provide the essential sealing function, in particular thanks to its great flexibility that allows it to marry, that is to say, to close as close to the second piece with which sealing is sought. Preferably, these two parts extend over the entire length of the seal, which can be considered infinite with respect to the other dimensions of the seal.

Preferentially the heel 351 and the lip 352 of the seal may be made of different materials thus producing a bi-material seal. Preferably, the support structure also comprises another seal 34 intended to be positioned between the support 31 and the photovoltaic panel 1, as shown in FIG. 11. The sealing means 34 are of shape and of any material since they enable the sealing function to be carried out respectively between the photovoltaic panels 1 and the carrier rail 31. This sealing makes it possible to constitute a tunnel 4 which is entirely airtight, which makes it possible to conserve the calories of the air heated by the solar panels as described previously. Advantageously, the sealing means 34 are constituted by elongated joints of circular section as shown in FIG. 8. Preferably, these seals comprise a heel 341 whose flexibility is lower so that it can be inserted into the grooves 313. of the support 31, visible in Figure 9, according to the principle defined later. Preferably, the seals 34 and 35 are distinct. Thus, thanks to the invention, it is possible to benefit advantageously from the shape of the cover. Indeed, the superposition of the support 31 with the projecting portions 21 makes it possible to increase the height of the side walls of the tunnel 4 and consequently to increase the volume of air flowing inside the latter. In addition, it is possible to use supports of a relatively low height, since advantageously benefits from the projecting portions 21 to give the tunnel a sufficient volume, which makes it possible to reduce substantially the cost and the weight of the installation, but also the overall height of the photovoltaic panels, thus reducing the wind resistance of its last, which contributes to improving the robustness of the installation. Finally, the addition of the supports 31 on the projecting portions 21 will have the beneficial effect of improving the overall rigidity of the cover, thus contributing to the robustness of the assembly. Advantageously, according to a first embodiment of the invention illustrated by FIGS. 3 to 7, the cover assembly comprises a collector aborter 6 located near the second opening of the tunnel 4. An aberge is generally a term used in the invention. field of construction to designate a set of parts, generally made of sheet metal, shaped and assembled so as to achieve a tight connection between the roof covering and other elements of the latter, such as for example chimneys or curbs . In the context of the invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the term "collector" aberration thus designates a set of parts, shaped and assembled so as to perform the function of collecting the air, in a sealed manner. According to this first embodiment of the invention, the collector aberration 6 comprises: an upper wall which contributes to forming the ceiling of the tunnel, a side wall 63 having a profile complementary to that of the corrugated or ribbed plate and which closing said second opening, a collection opening 61 formed through the top wall. In other words, the collector aberration 6 is in the extension of a row of photovoltaic panels 1, and is intended to close the second opening of the tunnel, that is to say its output, while harvesting and channeling the air circulating therein. Advantageously, the collector aberration 6 defined by this first embodiment of the invention is of substantially pyramidal shape, of low height, with a rectangular base, as can be seen in FIG. 6. Preferably, instead from the top of the pyramid, an opening 61 is made in the collector aborter 6 intended to receive a sheath, a pipe or any other connection making it possible to transport in a sealed manner the air collected by the collector abberment 6. Alternatively, said opening 31 is made substantially in the center of one of the walls of the collector aberration 6 and preferably in the center of its upper wall. Preferably, the base of this collector aberration 6 rests on the support 31. Alternatively the collector aberration 6 in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped and said opening 31 is made substantially in the center of its upper wall, that is to say to say of its wall directed towards the sky. Said abergeement further comprises a device for effecting an airtightness with the cover 2, so as to close the second opening of the tunnel 4.

Preferably, this device is produced by means of a lateral wall 63, or tongue, folded perpendicularly to the rectangular base of the abrade 6 and coming to press against the cover 2. This wall 63 has openings intended to match the parts projections 21 of the roof 2, in other words, has a profile complementary to that of the corrugated or ribbed plate of the cover 2.

Advantageously, this wall may be completed and / or constituted by a counter profile using a softer material, so as to perfectly match the profile of the cover 2 and optimize the seal. This profile may be for example extruded polystyrene. In addition, the collector aberration 6 also has a device, preferably in the form of a tab 62, intended to find the height of the nearest photovoltaic panel and thus intended to achieve a seal with the most photovoltaic panel. close, preferably covering the latter, as can be seen in Figure 6. In other words, the collector aberration 6 is a part of the upper wall of the tunnel, that is to say ceiling, previously defined and fully participates in its tightness. The difference in height between the tongue 62 and the support 31 is advantageously compensated for by the presence of the gasket 34, as can be seen in FIGS. 6 and 11, thus achieving complete sealing. Preferably, the covering assembly that is the subject of the invention comprises as many collecting aberrations 6 as there are rows of photovoltaic panels, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5. Preferably, the collector aberration 6 is located adjacently at the top of the roof, that is to say close to the ridge line. Preferably, the collector aberration 6 is made by means of simple sheet metal and / or zinc-plated parts and operations, such as, in a non-exhaustive and nonlimiting manner, the cutting, bending, stamping, welding, etc. Preferably, the length of the base of the aberge is substantially of the same order of magnitude as the width of the photovoltaic panels, and is preferably between 1m and 2m. Preferably the width of the base of the aberge is between 0.3m and 1m. Preferably, the diameter of the opening 61 is adapted to the standard diameters of the pipes, ducts and other connectors and is advantageously in the range of 20 cm to 50 cm. Advantageously, the preceding dimensions are reduced or increased as a function of the flow rate and the volume of air to be collected, that is to say mainly according to the length of the tunnel 4 and / or according to the needs of the building. and / or the process housed in the building. Preferably, again according to this first embodiment of the invention, the cover assembly comprises a collecting sheath 8, on the one hand, connected to the collection opening 61 of said collector abutment 6 and, on the other hand, in communication with the collector. interior of the building. By collector sheath is meant any type of sheath, that is to say pipe or pipe, dimensions, shapes and any materials as they allow to transport without loss of air. Advantageously, such a sheath has the shape of the collector sheath 8 visible in Figure 3, and is in the form of a pipe of circular or rectangular section. The size of the sheath 8, and more precisely its section, is a function of the volume and the air flow rate to be transported. Advantageously, the section of the sheath 8 is between 200 and 3000 cm 2. The length of the collector sheath 8 is adapted so as to be able to connect all the collector trenches 6 to each other, but also so as to be able to convey the collected air to the collection and / or distribution point of the air, advantageously constituted by a fan and / or an inlet made in the roof of the building. Advantageously, the shape of the sheath is adapted for reasons of aesthetics and / or budget. FIGS. 15 to 18 describe a second embodiment of a cover assembly according to the invention, but which does not include a collector aborter. More precisely, instead of being recovered from above, it is that is to say, from the outside of the building as described previously in the first embodiment, the air having circulated in said air circulation tunnel 4 is recovered from below, that is to say from the inside of the building, preferably by performing a bore 82 in the cover 2 as can be seen in Figure 15. Thus, said collector 8 described above and intended to collect the air circulating in the air circulation tunnel 4 to be used inside the building (for example to heat or dry the building) and is connected to the bore 82 of the cover 2 and is placed no longer outside, but inside the building, this which presents in particular 2 0 advantages in terms of thermal efficiency (especially if the installation is used to heat the building), aesthetics, or even wind resistance, insofar as the collector duct 8 is located inside the building . Naturally, any conventional sealing means (gasket, cladding, etc.) will be used at the bore 82 made in the cover 2 to guarantee the seal (and especially the airtightness) between the cover 2 and 8. Finally, according to this second embodiment, the cover assembly preferably comprises a cover 73 located near the second opening of the tunnel, intended to be positioned above the holes 82 made in the cover 2 so to close the air circulation tunnel 4 described above. A cover is generally a term used in the field of construction to designate a part, generally made of sheet metal, shaped and assembled so as to make a tight connection between the roof covering and other elements of the roof, such as for example chimneys or borders. In the context of the invention, as shown in Figure 18, the term roofine means a part (or set of parts), shaped and assembled to perform the function of collecting the air tightly. In other words, said cover 73 is in the extension of a row of photovoltaic panels 1, and is intended to close the second opening of the tunnel, that is to say its exit, to direct the air to the bore 82 and the collecting sheath 8. Said cover 73 then forms part of the ceiling of said tunnel 4 and is thus sealingly connected to said photovoltaic panels 1, as can be seen in FIG. 18. one or the other of said first or second embodiment of the invention, the cover assembly comprises a forced ventilation system for moving air in the tunnel 4. Preferably, the air or the fluid is moved by means of a fan. Advantageously, this fan can be integrated in the collector sleeve 8, preferably of circular section, in the form of a duct fan. Preferably, the fan can be integrated in a ventilation box 9 as shown in FIG. 3. Moreover, without departing from the scope of the invention, it is possible to multiply the number of fans, or any other similar device intended for put in motion air or a fluid.

According to the embodiment of the invention chosen, said ventilation box 9 may be located outside the building, on the roof, as shown in FIG. 3 or on the contrary inside the building, as in FIG. illustrates in FIG. 16. In both cases, said ventilation box 9 is preferably situated near the ridge line, that is to say near the outlets of the air circulation tunnels 4, and in particular 25 in order to minimize the length of the collecting sheath 8. Optionally, according to one or other of said first or second embodiment of the invention, the cover assembly comprises an exchanger for exchanging calories between the air outside set in motion by said ventilation system and a circuit comprising a fluid from the interior of the building. By exchanger is meant any type of heat exchanger which makes it possible to perform a heat exchange, that is to say a heat exchange, between a first circuit and a second circuit. Advantageously, the first circuit is constituted by an outside air circuit coming from the tunnel 4 and the second circuit by an internal air circuit, thereby creating an air / air exchanger between two circuits that never mix, which has many advantages, especially in terms of insulation, acoustic comfort, olfactory and hygrometry. Preferably, the exchanger may also be an air / water exchanger, thereby achieving a heat exchange between the outside air from the tunnel 4 and a heat transfer fluid circulating inside the building. Said coolant can then be used for any application such as for example, in the context of a central heating, a hot water supply 10 or for an industrial process (washing, soaking ...). Advantageously, according to one or the other of said first or second embodiment of the invention, the cover assembly comprises a regulating device which acts on the circulation of the air in the tunnel 4 so as to regulate the temperature within the building. Preferably, said device acts on the exchanger 15 previously described. In addition, the control device, or control unit, can itself be integrated in a hybrid thermal / photovoltaic installation comprising in a non-limiting and non-exhaustive manner one or more temperature sensors, comprising for example an external temperature sensor, a temperature sensor in the tunnel 4, a temperature sensor in the collector sheath 8, and / or a temperature sensor inside the building, one or more hygrometry sensors, for example located at the inside the building, especially in the case of using air for drying, one or more flow sensors, for example in the collector duct 8 and / or at the entrance 25 of the building, a calculation unit , other types of sensors (speed sensors, smoke sensor, CO2 sensor ...) - one or more actuators, for example valves located inside the collector duct 8 and intended to control the flow rate of 'air.

Thus, said control unit is intended to automatically control said installation, according to various parameters (temperature, hygrometry, etc.). Thus, the covering assembly as defined by the invention remarkably makes it possible to use the air circulated in said tunnel 4 (and heated by the photovoltaic panels 1) for particularly sought after applications in fields such as agriculture. Indeed, it will be particularly advantageous and economical to use this air to perform drying of certain materials stored inside the building equipped with said cover assembly, such as for drying hay or straw. Such a drying process 10 can then advantageously be associated with one or more sensors (temperature, hygrometry, etc.) as defined above to be automated and / or combined with other uses (heating of the building, etc.). Preferably, according to the first embodiment of the invention, the cover assembly comprises a ridge 7 positioned on the top of the roof and comprising a substantially curved crown panel overhanging the ridge line of the roof, - a panel closure 71 which has a profile complementary to that of the corrugated or ribbed plate of the cover 2 and located on a roof panel having no photovoltaic panel, said ridge 7 being sealingly connected to said collector abbergement 6. The term ridge is generally used associated with a tile and designates, in the field of construction, a tile, generally of curved or angular shape for covering the ridge line, that is to say the line that separates and connects two sections of a roof. In the context of the invention, the term "ridge" designates the part 7, visible in FIGS. 6 and 7, intended to be placed on the top of the roof, that is to say on the ridge line of the roof. According to the invention, the main function of this ridge piece 7 is to achieve a seal. Advantageously, in the case where the two sides of the roof are equipped with photovoltaic panels, the ridge 7 tightly connects two aberrances 6 which are arranged on two different sides, on either side of the ridge line of the roof. roof. Preferably, in the case where only one roof section is equipped with photovoltaic panels, the slot 7 tightly connects at least one insulation 6 and the corrugated waterproof cover 2 located on the other roof panel, in particular thanks to a curved wall, substantially concave, positioned above the ridge line. In this case, the slot 7 preferably comprises a closure panel 71 which has a profile 5 complementary to that of the corrugated or ribbed plate of the cover 2, in other terms, which has openings intended to match the shape of the parts protruding 21 of the cover 2. In the case of a roof said monopente, that is to say having only one pan, is advantageously used a half-slot, connecting at least one aberge positioned above the ridge line and falling vertically in 10 edge of roof. Preferably, the ridge extends over the entire length of the ridge line of the roof. The ridge piece 7 thus defined, can be made by any operation whatsoever and in different materials, but is advantageously made from operations and sheet metal parts and I or zinguerie, and is indifferently constituted of a piece 15 monoblock or assembly of parts. Alternatively, according to the second embodiment of the invention, wherein the collector aberration 6 is replaced by a cover 73, the cover assembly preferably comprises: a ridge 7 positioned on the top of the roof and comprising a panel of 20 substantially curved top overhanging the ridge of the roof, a closure panel 71 which has a profile complementary to that of the corrugated or corrugated plate of the cover 2 and located on a roof panel having no photovoltaic panel, said ridge 7 being sealingly connected to said cover 73.

The invention relates to a support structure 3 for the installation of at least one photovoltaic panel 1 on a roof of a building, said roof comprising at least one cover 2 constituted by at least one corrugated or ribbed monobloc plate, said cover having at least two elongate projections 21 extending parallel to each other. Said structure is intended to form during the placing of said photovoltaic panel 1 on the cover 2, by means of said structure 3037744 23 3, an air circulation tunnel 4 between said cover 2 and said photovoltaic panel 1, as previously defined. Support structure means any assembly of parts intended to perform a support function, as defined above. The assembly can be dismountable or not removable, made on 5 site, that is to say on the roof of the building and I or beforehand, that is to say in a workshop for example. According to the invention, said structure comprises a support 31 to which said photovoltaic panel 1 is intended to be attached. By attached is any known method that makes it possible to hang, fix, or bond the support 31 and the photovoltaic panel 10 together. . Preferably, and given the fragility and complexity of the photovoltaic panels mentioned above, it is advantageous to attach the photovoltaic panel to the support 31 via an additional piece, in particular to avoid any operation drilling through the photovoltaic panels. Preferably, the photovoltaic panels are connected to the support by means of baffles 33, as can be seen in FIG. 5. The baffles are elongated pieces preferably in the form of a bar and preferably of substantially rectangular section. or semicircular and thin, advantageously comprising one or more holes intended to accommodate screws, rivets or any other known assembly device to be fixed with the support 31. The baffles are then preferentially arranged between two photovoltaic panels, so as to cover and overlap, the tensile force of the aforementioned assembly device then plating the photovoltaic panels on the support so as to immobilize them relative to the latter. Advantageously, said pare-close also performs the sealing function between two adjacent photovoltaic panels or between a photovoltaic panel and an aberge. Of course, any other device for fixing the photovoltaic panels 1 on the support 31 may be envisaged, without departing from the scope of the invention. According to the invention, the structure comprises a fastening means 32 for fixing said support 31 to said corrugated or ribbed plate of the cover 2. The main purpose of the fastening means 32 is to fix, that is to say, to attach the carrier rails 31 to the roof 2 of the roof of the building. The fastening means 3037744 24 can take any form as soon as they make it possible to perform the above function. Preferably, the fixing means have a shape such that they can be easily, quickly and very reliably positioned directly on the projections 21 of the roof 2.

Preferably, according to the invention, the fixing means 32 of the support 31 on said corrugated or ribbed plate of the cover 2 comprises at least one fixing plate intended to locally cap a projecting portion 21 so as to be interposed between the latter and in other words, the mounting plate 32 is distinct and independent of the support 31, and extends only a few centimeters, while the support 31 extends for several tens of centimeters or even on several meters in the case where it is preferentially rails, and the projecting portion 21 extends over several meters. The fixing piece 32 is made of any material provided that it has sufficient rigidity to hold the carrier rail 31 in place. Advantageously, the fastener piece 32 can be made of plastic material and shaped by means such as, for example, molding or thermoforming, these materials and processes having the advantage of being perfectly reproducible in very large numbers. Preferably, the fastener 32 is made of a material allowing easy, fast, modular and inexpensive shaping, such as, for example, a steel sheet which can be implemented by means of simple sheet metal operations. . Advantageously, the support structure 3 comprises a plurality of fixing plates 32, and preferably a plurality of fixing plates 32 positioned on one and the same projecting portion 21 as can be seen in FIG. 2. Therefore, a projecting portion 21 will support a plurality of mounting plates 32, 25 and said plurality of mounting plates 32 will support one or more longitudinal members 31 arranged end to end. Preferably, according to the invention, the fixing means 32 is a stirrup whose profile is complementary to the projecting portion 21 to be capped. By stirrup is meant any piece, substantially curved, whose function is substantially to encircle or cover at least a portion of another room.

Preferably, according to the invention, the fastening means 32 comprises a core 321 extending substantially downwards so as to be positioned on the projecting portion 21. By core means any type of part having substantially at its center a continuous shape of small thickness. Such a shape is for example illustrated in FIG. 11, in which the fixing piece 32 is advantageously intended to be positioned on the projecting portion 21 of a trapezoidal roof as defined above. For this purpose, the fastener 32 has a profile that substantially resembles the shape of a trapezium. More specifically, as shown in Figure 11, the fastener 32 has an upper face 323 which corresponds to the small base 10 of the trapezium. Preferably, the width of said upper face is approximately 23 mm. The fastener 32 also has two lateral faces, located on either side of the upper face 323 and thus forming the two non-parallel sides of the trapezium. Advantageously, these non-parallel sides form an angle of about 60 ° between them. On the other hand, the fixing piece 32 does not have a face 15 corresponding to the large base of the trapezium, so that the piece is open and can thus be affixed to a projecting part in the form of a trapezium. Preferably this opening (that is to say the distance separating the non-parallel sides according to the large virtual base of the trapezium) is substantially of the order of 75mm. Advantageously, the height of the trapezium thus formed (that is to say the distance 20 between the upper face 323 and the virtual base) is about 45 mm. Thus, these three faces, are intended to be affixed to the projecting portion 21 of the cover 2 and to marry at best the trapezoidal shape of said projecting portion 21. Preferably, said attachment means extends longitudinally according to the trapezoidal profile described herein. above over a length of between 30 mm and 100 mm and advantageously of approximately 60 nm. Similarly, and without departing from the scope of the invention, it is possible to produce support parts which perform exactly the same function but which have a different profile, for example semi-circular, parallelepipedal or triangular, so as to adapt to other forms of protruding parts of covers 2, such as those mentioned above.

Preferably, according to the invention, the fastening means 32 comprises attachment lugs 322 extending substantially opposite said core 321 and intended to fix said spar 31. By attachment lugs means any protuberances formed on any part and whose main function is generally to ensure the fixing of the part itself or of another part. In other words, the attachment piece 32 advantageously comprises attachment lugs 322 visible in FIG. 11 intended to receive and fix the carrier rail 31. Preferably, said attachment lugs are of substantially square shape and have a side of FIG. about 30mm.

Advantageously, said attachment lugs 322 are substantially perpendicular to the face 323 of the part 32, so as to conform to the shape of the carrier rail 31. However, another orientation of these attachment lugs can be envisaged without departing from the scope of FIG. invention, and this in order to adapt the fastener to a carrier rail which has a profile different from the substantially rectangular profile described above.

In a particularly advantageous manner, the attachment lugs 322 of the fixing plates 32 are made by a cutting and folding operation of a portion of the core 321 of the fixing plates. Preferably, according to the invention, the attachment lugs 322 are substantially perpendicular to the cover 2, said attachment lugs 322 accommodating screw nut systems A intended to fix the fixing plates 32 with the spar 31. According to the invention , the support 31 comprises at least two longitudinal members 31 intended to come respectively on a first and a second projecting portion 21, as defined above. Spar is understood to mean any type of part, preferably of substantially rectangular section or geometric, which has a length almost infinite with respect to these other dimensions. For example, a bar, a beam, a rail can be considered as a spar. According to the invention, the structure comprises a seal 35 intended to be positioned between each of the longitudinal members 31 and each of said projecting portions 21, 25 as defined above. Advantageously, according to the invention, the longitudinal members 31 are constituted by two independent carrying rails. By independent means that the rails are not interconnected, except by the cover 2 and the photovoltaic panel, so that each of the rails can be placed on the cover independently of the other.

Advantageously, the support structure 3 comprises two support rails, the main function of which is to support and distribute the weight of the photovoltaic panels. Rail carrier means any type of piece taking the general shape of a rail to know a piece of almost infinite length relative to these other 5 dimensions. Indifferently, depending on the material used, and the desired mechanical strength, the rail may be solid or hollow. Advantageously, the carrier rails 31 have a substantially geometric profile and preferably substantially rectangular. Preferably, the height of a carrier rail 31 is of the order of 50mm and its width of the order of 25mm. FIG. 9 illustrates a preferred embodiment of a carrier rail 31 according to the invention, thus realizing a first variant of the support structure of the invention. According to this first variant, the carrier rail 31 has a hollow structure, in a substantially rectangular profile. The carrier rail defined by the invention may be made of any material as long as it has sufficient mechanical strength to support previously defined photovoltaic panels. Preferably, the carrier rails are made of a material having a good compromise between mechanical strength and lightness such as aluminum. In addition, several grooves are made in this rail as shown in Figure 9. Preferably, according to the invention, each carrier rail 31 has a groove 311 20 in its lower face for receiving the seal 35. More precisely the carrier rail 31 comprises on its underside a groove 311 whose profile substantially resumes the shape of a T and intended to receive the heel of the seal 35. Preferably, according to the invention, each carrier rail 31 comprises one or more grooves ( s) 313 located on its upper face and intended (s) to accommodate the seal gasket 34. More precisely the carrier rail 31 comprises on its upper face at least one groove whose profile substantially takes the form of a T and intended to receive another seal. Preferably, according to the invention, the fixing plates 32 are assembled to the carrier rails 31 in such a way as to allow expansion between said carrier rails 31 and said cover 2. In fact, it is known that in an assembly, when The parts are of different materials and / or of different size and / or shape, said parts expand in a different manner, in particular under the effect of the temperature, which may present a risk of deterioration of the assembly. Advantageously, the structure according to the invention is made in such a way as to allow the expansion of the various parts and particularly the filiation of the carrier rails 31, as explained below. Preferably, according to the first variant of the invention, the carrier rails 31 each comprise two grooves 312 located on the lateral faces of the carrier rails 31 and intended to receive the nuts of said nut screw systems A. More specifically, the carrier rail 31 comprises , symmetrically with respect to a vertical axis passing through the middle of the rail, two grooves 312 located in the lower part of the rail. These grooves are intended to perform the function of fixing the carrier rail on the fastening means 32 visible in Figure 2 and Figure 11. Due to the orientation and shape of this groove, which substantially resumes the profile of a T lying down and intended to accommodate the nut of the nut screw system A, it is possible on the one hand to immobilize the rail in a substantially vertical movement, that is to say in a movement substantially perpendicular to the cover 2 In other words, thanks to the groove 312 the carrier rail 31 can not be torn off the cover 2, which allows it to remain in place even under the effect of the wind. On the other hand, the groove 312 allows the fastening means A visible in FIG. 11 to be able to slide, with a force to overcome the friction, so that the rail has a certain freedom in a substantially horizontal movement, or at least parallel to the cover 2. This certain freedom gives the rail the ability to expand, especially under the effect of heat, regardless of the cover 2 on which it is attached. Advantageously, according to the first variant of the invention, the fixing plates 32 comprise a screw-nut system B passing through the core 321 of the fixing plates and the cover 2 in a manner substantially perpendicular to the cover 2. More specifically, the fixing the piece 32 on the roof of the building is achieved by means of a screw-nut device B, whose axis is substantially perpendicular to the cover 2 and bearing on the face 323 previously defined.

Preferably, according to the invention, the fixing plates 32 are fixed to the roof by means of a screw nut system B passing through a failure 5 supporting the cover 2, as defined above. In other words, the screw nut system is long enough to also be able to rely on previously defined failures 5, in order to ensure the best possible resistance, and in particular the best resistance to tearing. Thus, according to this preferred embodiment, the fasteners 32 are situated vertically above the purlins 5 as illustrated in FIG. 2. Advantageously, said support structure 3 comprises a connection sleeve 315 intended to connect longitudinally between them two supports 31, that is to say preferably two rails 31, as can be seen in Figure 11.

Preferably, said connecting sleeve 315 comprises a tubular piece (that is to say a hollow part), for example of circular or rectangular section, intended to be positioned inside two supports 31 (or rails 31). butt joints so as to realize the function of the latter. Figures 12 to 14 illustrate a second variant of the invention comprising another support 31 according to the invention. Preferably, and as previously described, said support 31 comprises at least two longitudinal members intended to come respectively on a first and a second projecting portion 21, said longitudinal members 31 being advantageously constituted by two independent bearing rails. More specifically, each of said rails 31 of the second variant of the invention is in the form of a hollow section of substantially rectangular section. In other words, said rail 31 is delimited by four surfaces and extends longitudinally between the latter: a lower surface intended to be positioned on the projecting portion of the cover 2, as specified above, a surface upper, parallel to said lower surface, and intended to be placed under the photovoltaic panels 1 - two side surfaces parallel to each other and located on either side of said lower and upper surfaces.

Advantageously, the height of the rail, that is to say the distance between its lower surface and its upper surface is of the order of 55 mm while the width, that is to say the distance between its surfaces side and about 25mm. Preferably, according to this second variant of the invention, said upper surface is of a greater width than said lower surface. In other words, the upper surface protrudes from said rail 31, projecting from the lateral surfaces, preferably in a symmetrical manner, as can be seen in FIGS. 12 to 14. Advantageously, the width of said lateral surface is approximately 43 mm. . Preferably said upper surface comprises two grooves 313 located at the lateral ends of said upper surface, i.e. located on the portions which project from the side surfaces. Advantageously, said grooves 313 extend over the entire length of said rail 31 and have a complementary profile of said bead 341 of said other seal 34 described above and visible in FIG. 8. Said grooves 313 thus have a section having substantially the same width. shape of an inverted T so as to accommodate and maintain said other seal 34 intended to seal between said photovoltaic panel 1 and said rail 31, as explained above. Advantageously, according to this second variant of the invention, the lower surface of the rail comprises a lower groove 311 located in the middle of said lower surface and intended to receive the seal 35. More precisely, the profile (ie that is, the section) of said lower groove 311 is complementary to said heel 351 of the seal 35 described above and therefore substantially resumes the shape of a T to receive the heel 351 of the seal 35. Advantageously, said groove 311 extends over any the length of said rail 31.

Preferably the width of the inverted T-shaped profile of each of said grooves 311 and 313 is about 3.5 mm and 7.5 mm to a depth of about 3 mm. Advantageously, according to this second variant of the invention, said upper surface also comprises an upper guiding notch 316 which extends over the entire length of said rail 31, intended to ensure the guiding of a screw, and preferably of a self-drilling screw screwed perpendicularly to said upper surface, intended to ensure the fixing of said photovoltaic panel 1 to the rail 31 (that is to say to the support 31), via close fence 33, as it can be seen in FIG. 5. Indeed, the use of self-drilling screws makes it easier to install the photovoltaic panels 1 on the roof since no complementary operation (and in particular the positioning and positioning of a nut) is necessary. In other words, it will be sufficient for the installer to screw said close fence 33 on the rail 31 (after possibly having done a pre-drilling) without having to carry out a precision operation such as setting up and screwing a nut inside the rail 31, as would be necessary in the rail described above in the context of the first variant of the invention. In order to guarantee the correct guiding of the self-drilling fixing screw, said rail 31 thus preferably comprises an upper guide notch 316 whose profile is substantially that of a V with an angle preferably equal to 140 °. In other words, said upper surface comprises, advantageously in its center, a hollow (or a groove) in the form of a V so as to produce a vacuum which extends longitudinally along the entire length of said rail. Thus, during the screwing operation of the closed barrier 33 in said rail 31 to sandwich the photovoltaic panel 1 to secure it, the tip of the screw will be remarkably guided towards the center of the upper surface of the rail 31, facilitating thus greatly the screwing operation, but also the mechanical strength of the assembly. In this respect, and preferably, said upper surface also comprises, facing said upper guiding notch 316, an internal fixing rib 318 which projects inside said rail 31, as can be seen in the figures 12 and 13. More precisely, said internal fixing rib 318 advantageously has an inverted U-shaped section, that is to say that the horizontal base of the U belongs to said upper surface and is located opposite the tip of the V of said upper guiding notch 316. Thus, by virtue of this internal fixing rib 318, the number of threads of said self-drilling screw for fastening the closed baffles 33 (and consequently the photovoltaic panels 1) in contact with the 30 rail 31 is remarkably increased since several threads of said self-drilling screw are in contact with said internal fixing rib 318 (more precisely with the vertical walls of the inverted U, advantageously 4 mm apart), which considerably increases the tear resistance of said screw and consequently of said photovoltaic panels 1. Advantageously, said internal fixing rib 318 extends longitudinally along the entire length of said rail 31, so that the installer can position his self drilling screws along the entire length of the rail 31.

Thus, thanks to the advantageous combination of said upper guiding notch 316 and said internal retaining rib 318, the assembly precision and strength of the support structure 3 is considerably improved. Preferably, still according to this second variant of the invention, at least one of said lateral surfaces of the rail 31, and advantageously each of said lateral surfaces comprises at least one lateral guiding notch 317, which extends preferably longitudinally over the entire length of said rail 31. The functionality of said lateral guide notch is substantially similar to that of said guide upper notch 316 previously described, namely to facilitate installation by guiding a self-drilling screw. Preferably, at least one of said lateral surfaces of the rail 31, and advantageously each of said lateral surfaces comprises two lateral guiding notches 317 parallel to each other so as to receive different screws intended to ensure different fastenings. In other words, according to this preferred configuration, a lateral guide notch 117 is located above another lateral guide notch 117, so as to define an upper lateral notch and a lower lateral notch. For example, one of said lateral guiding notches 317 is intended to receive self-drilling screws to secure said internal connecting sleeve 315, while the other of said lateral guide notches 317 is intended to receive self-drilling screws. to secure said fixing means 32, for example by means of an oblong hole made in the attachment lugs 322 previously described and visible in FIG. 14. In particular, said upper lateral notch can then be preferentially used to receive said fixing screws of the connecting sleeve 15, while said lower lateral notch may be used preferentially to receive the fixing screws of said fixing means 32. Preferably the profile (that is to say the section) of each of said lateral guiding notches 317 is U-shaped or V-shaped, forming for example an angle of 120 °. Preferably, the lower guide lateral notch is located about 1 mm from the bottom surface while the upper guide lateral notch is located about 30 mm from the bottom surface. Advantageously, in this second variant of the invention, each of said lateral surfaces of the rail 31 comprises a lateral bearing rib 319 projecting (preferentially over a distance of 3 mm) from said lateral surfaces and intended to interact with said means. fixing 32, preferably forming a bearing surface for the latter. Preferably, said lateral support rib 319 has a section of substantially rectangular (or possibly square) shape, so as to offer protruding portions perpendicular or parallel to said lateral surfaces of the rail 31. Advantageously, said lateral support rib extends longitudinally along the entire length of said rail 31, as can be seen in Figure 12. More specifically, and as illustrated in Figure 13, the top of said attachment lugs 322 of said fastening means 32 will then bear against said lateral support rib 319, said rail 31 being positioned between said attachment lugs 322 (advantageously the spacing between said attachment lugs 322 is greater than the width of the rail, for example 1 mm so as to provide a functional clearance assembly). Preferably, each of said lateral bearing grooves is disposed symmetrically on the rail 31 and advantageously between said upper guide lateral notch and said lower guide lateral notch 20. Thanks to these lateral grooves, the lower surface of the rail 31 is thus detached from said upper face 323 of said fastening means 32, so that the thermal expansion of the various parts is optimized, the installation is facilitated, and the sealing is improved. (Insofar as the packing 35 is not crushed). In addition, the mechanical strength of the support structure thus produced is improved insofar as the weight of said rails 31 as well as photovoltaic panels 1 is taken up by said lateral support ribs instead of being taken up by a screw system. nut, as is the case for example in the first variant described above. Preferably, said lateral support rib 319 is located between 30 mm and 40 mm below said upper surface of the rail 31.

The height of the assembly thus constituted by the support 31 and the fixing means 32 is preferably between 80 mm and 140 mm, and advantageously between 100 mm and 120 mm.

In a particularly advantageous manner, said rail 31 of the second variant of the invention comprises at least one internal fixing recess 310 intended to receive a fastening screw of an accessory, such as a grating for example intended to prevent any foreign body (leaves, animals, pebbles, etc.) to penetrate inside said rails 31. Said inner fixing cell 310 is therefore located inside said rail 31 and preferably extends longitudinally along the entire length said rail, advantageously in a section at least partially circular, for example with a diameter of between 3mm and 6mm. Advantageously, said internal fixing recess 310 is situated in an angle of said rail 31, as can be seen in FIG. 12 for example. Preferably, said rail 31 comprises two internal fixing cells 310 diagonally opposite so as to ensure good resistance of the attachment of said accessory. Naturally it is quite possible to combine one or the other of said first and second embodiments of the invention (and therefore one or the other of the support structures 3) described above with the one or the other of said first or second embodiment of the invention (and therefore with one or other of the sets of covers) described above. The invention relates to a method for producing a roof assembly for roofing a building comprising at least one photovoltaic panel 1 and a cover 2. The roof assembly forms at least one traffic tunnel of air 4 having a bottom consisting of said cover 2, a ceiling constituted by said photovoltaic panel 1 and side walls. The cover 2 is formed by a cover consisting of at least one corrugated or ribbed monobloc plate, said cover having at least two elongate projections 21 extending parallel to each other. According to the invention the method comprises the step of fixing the photovoltaic panel 1 to said projecting portions 21 so that the latter form at least partly the side walls of the air circulation tunnel 4 as described in detail. previously.

Preferably, according to the invention the method consists in producing a support structure for the installation of at least one photovoltaic panel 1 on a roof of a building as previously defined and comprising the following steps: - At least two side members are placed 31 respectively on a first and a second projecting portion 21 of the cover 2, - is interposed between each of said projecting portions 21 and each of said longitudinal members 31 at least one mounting plate so as to cap locally each of said projecting portion 21, - There is a seal 35 between each of the longitudinal members 31 and each 10 of said projecting portions 21. - There is a seal 34 between each of the longitudinal members and each of the internal faces of the photovoltaic panels 1.

Claims (14)

CLAIMS1 - Cover assembly for roofing a building comprising at least one photovoltaic panel (1) and a cover (2), said cover assembly forming at least one air circulation tunnel (4), said tunnel (4) having a bottom consisting of said cover (2), a ceiling constituted by said photovoltaic panel (1) and side walls, and being characterized in that said cover (2) is formed by a cover consisting of at least one one-piece corrugated or ribbed plate, said cover having at least two elongate projections (21) extending parallel to each other, said photovoltaic panel (1) being fixed to said projecting portions (21) so that at least in part form the side walls of the air circulation tunnel (4) and in that it comprises a support (31) between the photovoltaic panel (1) and the cover (2) to provide the fixing said photovoltaic panel (1) on said projecting portions (21) and a mounting plate for locally capering a projecting portion (21) so as to be interposed between the latter and said support (31). 2 - Cover assembly according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a seal (35) interposed between said support (31) and the projecting portions (21). 3 - Cover assembly according to claim 2 characterized in that it comprises another seal (34) intended to be positioned between the support (31) and the photovoltaic panel (1). 4 - Cover assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that said tunnel extends longitudinally between a first and a second opposite opening, respectively corresponding to the inlet and the outlet of the air, and it comprises a canopy (73) located near the second opening of the tunnel, said roof (73) constituting part of the ceiling of said tunnel (4). 3037744 37 5 - Cover assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that it comprises a collector sleeve 8 for collecting the air circulated in the air circulation tunnel (4) to be able to use it inside the building, said collecting duct (8) being connected to a bore (82) of the cover (2) and being placed inside the building. 6 - Cover assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that it comprises a forced ventilation system for moving air in the tunnel (4). 7 - Cover assembly according to claim 6 characterized in that it comprises a regulating device which acts on the flow of air in the tunnel (4) so as to regulate the temperature within the building. 8 - support structure (3) for installing at least one photovoltaic panel (1) on a roof of a building, said roof comprising at least one cover (2) constituted by at least one corrugated or ribbed monobloc plate, Said cover having at least two elongate projections (21) extending parallel to each other, said structure being intended to form upon placement of said photovoltaic panel (1) on the cover (2) at means of said structure (3) an air circulation tunnel (4) between said cover (2) and said photovoltaic panel (1), said structure comprising: - a support (31) to which said panel is to be attached photovoltaic system, - a fixing means (32) for fixing said support (31) to said corrugated or ribbed plate of the cover (2), said structure being characterized in that the support (31) comprises at least two longitudinal members intended for come respectiveme on a first and a second projecting portion (21), in that it comprises a seal (35) intended to be positioned between each of the longitudinal members (31) and each of said projecting portions (21) and in that the fastening means (32) comprises at least one fixing plate intended to locally cap a projecting portion (21) so as to be interposed between the latter and said spar (31). 3037744 38 9 - support structure (3) according to claim 8 characterized in that it comprises another seal (34) intended to be positioned between the support (31) and the photovoltaic panel (1). 10 support structure (3) according to claim 8 or 9 characterized in that the 5 longitudinal members (31) are constituted by two independent bearing rails, each of said rails being in the form of a hollow section of substantially rectangular section extending longitudinally between - a lower surface intended to be positioned on the projecting portion (21) of the cover (2), An upper surface parallel to said lower surface, two lateral surfaces parallel to each other and located on either side of said lower and upper surfaces. 11 -Support structure (3) according to claim 10 characterized in that the fixing plates (32) are assembled to the carrier rails (31) so as to allow expansion between said carrier rails (31) and said cover ( 2). 12 - support structure (3) according to any one of claims 8 to 11 characterized in that the fixing means (32) is a stirrup whose profile is complementary to the projecting portion (21) to be capped. 13 - support structure (3) according to claim 12 characterized in that the fastening means (32) comprises a core (321) extending substantially downwardly so as to be positioned on the projecting portion (21). 14 -Structure support (3) according to claim 13 characterized in that the fastening means (32) comprises attachment lugs (322) extending substantially opposite said core (321) and intended to fix said spar (31). Support structure (3) according to claims 13 and 14, characterized in that the attachment lugs (322) of the fixing plates (32) are formed by a cutting and folding operation of a part of the core ( 321) fixing plates. Support structure according to any one of claims 8 to 15 characterized in that the fixing plates (32) comprise a screw-nut system (B) passing through the core (321) of the fixing plates and the cover ( 2) substantially perpendicular to the cover (2). 5 17 -Structure support (3) according to claim 16 characterized in that the screw nut system (B) passes through a failure (5) supporting the cover (2). 18 Support structure (3) according to one of claims 8 to 17 characterized in that the seal (35) comprises at least one elongated seal. 19 -Structure support (3) according to claims 13 and 18 characterized in that the seal (35) comprises a heel (351) and a lip (352) whose flexibility is less than the flexibility of the heel (351) so to match the thickness of the core (321) of the fastening means (32). 20 Support structure (3) according to claims 10 and 18 characterized in that each carrier rail (31) has a groove (311) in its lower face 15 for receiving the seal (35). 21 -Structure support (3) according to claims 9 and 10 characterized in that each carrier rail (31) has a groove (313) located on its upper face and intended to accommodate said other seal (34). 22 -Structure support according to claim 10 characterized in that said upper surface 20 comprises an upper guide slot (316) for guiding a self-drilling screw screwed perpendicularly to said upper surface. 23 - support structure according to the preceding claim characterized in that said upper surface comprises, opposite said upper guide slot (316), an internal fixing rib (318) which projects inside said rail (31). and for increasing the number of threads of said self-drilling screw in contact with the rail (31). The support structure according to claim 10 characterized in that each of said lateral surfaces of the rail (31) comprises a lateral bearing rib (319) projecting from said lateral surfaces and intended to interact with said fixing means (32). ) forming a bearing surface for the latter. 5 Support structure according to claim 10 characterized in that said rail (31) comprises at least one inner fixing cell (310) for receiving a fastening screw of an accessory. 26 - method of producing a roof assembly for roofing a building comprising at least one photovoltaic panel (1) and a cover (2), said cover assembly forming at least one circulation tunnel; air (4), said tunnel (4) having a bottom consisting of said cover (2), a ceiling constituted by said photovoltaic panel (1) and side walls, said cover (2) being formed by a cover constituted by at least a corrugated or ribbed one-piece plate, said cover 15 having at least two elongate projections (21) extending parallel to each other, said method being characterized in that the photovoltaic panel (1) is fixed to said portions protrusions (21) so that the latter form at least partly the side walls of the air circulation tunnel (4), at least two longitudinal members (31) are placed respectively on a first e and a second protruding portion (21) of the cover (2), is interposed between each of said projecting portions (21) and each of said longitudinal members (31) at least one mounting plate so as to locally cap each of said projecting portion ( 21). 25 27 A method of producing a support structure for the installation of at least one photovoltaic panel (1) on a roof of a building according to claim 26, characterized in that it comprises the following steps. sealing (35) between each of the longitudinal members (31) and each of said projecting portions (21). 3037744 41 - There is a seal (34) between each of the longitudinal members (31) and each of the inner faces of the photovoltaic panels (1).