FR3029948A1 - TOOL HOLDER AND TOOL FOR CHAIN OR SLICER WHEEL - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool holder 1 comprising an active surface 12 and to a slicing tool 2 comprising a pushing surface 221, arranged so that these active surfaces 12 and push 221 form a bucket adapted to remount a material to to slice. The tool holder 1 is furthermore arranged to be adaptable to different types of tools, in particular said slicing tool 2 and tools of the peak type.

Description

The invention relates to the field of cutting and more specifically relates to a tool holder and a tool for a chain or wheel slicer.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART In the prior art, chain or wheel slicers are known, equipped with specific tools chosen according to the nature of the soil to be sliced. Conventionally, a slicer chain or wheel receives two types of tools: knives in the form of half-cups, typically fixed by bolting on a vertical support, and / or pallets on the ground typically fixed by male-female interlocking (interlocking to square or rectangular section in general) - then we speak of chains with knives; Peaks, typically cone-shaped carbide with a tungsten carbide insert - these are called "Alligator" chains. Peak type tools are typically mounted in pickups 20 having a housing arranged to receive a cylindrical peak body. A judicious installation of the chain holders on the chain makes it possible to turn the peaks during a digging operation (peak inclined at its arrival on the ground). The rotation of the peak in its peak holder promotes regular wear of its head. The spike is generally locked longitudinally (along its axis of rotation) in the spike holder by snap ring, circlip, O-ring (rubber) or nut, to prevent its loss during a digging operation. Peak-type tools provide satisfactory results for relatively hard and / or abrasive homogeneous soils, provided that the peaks on the chain are correctly implanted ("hedgehog" implantation). However, they lose all effectiveness in mixed or homogeneous greasy and sticky or fluent (sand) soils, the peaks not evacuating the sticky and adhesive material of such soils which results in a fouling of the chain and a blockage of the advancement of the slicer. 3029948 -2 The tools of the knife or pallet type are effective in driving relatively bulky "floor chips" and obtain good slicing yields, especially on homogeneous, soft and / or soft grounds, but have several drawbacks: knives and pallets are installed on specific supports (chains and / or wheel segments) - the locking is usually done by rubber ring, pin or bolting; The adaptation of the assembly according to the desired slicing width is carried out by mounting spacers or spacer type intermediate parts, which is complicated, tedious and expensive; The digging chains are equipped with parts suitable for knives and pallets.

Another disadvantage is that the known pick holders are not arranged to receive pallets on the ground. In view of these drawbacks and peculiarities, the use of a slicer to slice sometimes a hard ground and sometimes a soft ground implies to change the chain in its entirety when passing from one type of soil to another, which may require up to two days of work devoted to such a change. In addition, in mixed clay-limestone soil with grindstone or flint, knives or pallets can wear and break relatively quickly.

The present invention is intended to overcome all or part of these disadvantages. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION To this end, the present invention proposes a tool holder arranged to be attached to a slicer chain or wheel and to receive a slicing tool comprising a pushing surface, characterized in that this tool holder comprises a body, preferably metal, preferably in an anti-abrasion material, comprising: a coupling housing arranged to receive a coupling member of the slicing tool, the coupling housing being arranged to that said coupling housing and the coupling member constitute between them a sliding pivot connection in a coupling direction, and an active surface arranged so that when the coupling housing receives the coupling member, this active surface forms with the thrust surface a bucket capable of digging a slicing material. Such an active surface promotes the ascent of the material to be sliced, especially when this tool holder receives a slicing tool comprising such a thrust surface. According to an advantageous characteristic, the average active surface and the average thrust surface form an angle of between n- / 4 radians and 3 * K / 4 radians. This angle is preferably substantially perpendicular. Such an angle promotes the recovery of the material to be sliced by the bucket shape that this angle gives to the combination of the active surface and the thrust surface.

Advantageously, the active surface is substantially flat. The flat shape makes it possible to recover the shape and the usual properties of a knife or a pallet. According to another advantageous characteristic, the coupling housing comprises a cylindrical orifice. The cylindrical shape makes the toolholder adaptable to its use as a peak holder adapted to receive a standard peak. Indeed, a spike generally comprises a cylindrical body that fits into a cylindrical orifice of a spike holder, the link thus formed making it possible to rotate the spike during the advance of the slicer chain or wheel. . Thus, the tool holder is able to receive both a pick and a slicing tool. Advantageously, the diameter of the cylindrical orifice is between 10 and 40 mm. According to an advantageous characteristic, A / (Tr * R2)> 1.9, A being the area of the average active surface, R being the radius of the cylindrical orifice. Advantageously, the area of the average active surface is greater than 600 mm 2, preferably between 600 and 1800 mm 2.

Such dimensions of the active surface allow this active surface to contribute significantly to the ascent of the material to be sliced. According to a particular embodiment, the area of the average active surface area is between about 15% and about 100% of the thrust area, preferably between about 25% and about 40% of the thrust area. According to another advantageous characteristic, the body further comprises two lateral surfaces arranged to form two respective abutments on which the wings of the slicing tool are able to come into abutment 15 so as to block the rotation. of the slicing tool around the mating direction. According to yet another advantageous feature, the body further comprises a base surface arranged to be attached to the slicer chain or wheel, the base surface and the coupling direction forming an angle between n- / radian and n- / 3 radian, preferably substantially equal to n- / 4 radian. Such an angle allows a slicer equipped with such a tool holder to attack the slicing material effectively, especially when the tool holder receives a standard pick. The body of the tool holder can be attached to the chain or the trencher wheel by any removable or non removable fastening means. It may be for example a fixing by welding or mechanical assembly. However, the tool holder is preferably fixed removably, insofar as it has an active surface 30 likely to wear with the slicing operations. The invention also relates to a slicing tool adapted to be received by a tool holder according to one or more of the characteristics which have just been described, this slicing tool comprising: a coupling member arranged to be received by the coupling housing of the tool holder, the coupling member being arranged so that this coupling member and the coupling housing form between them a pivot connection sliding in a coupling direction, a coupling member, thrust comprising a thrust surface arranged to form with the active surface of the tool holder a bucket adapted to dig the material to be digged.

According to an advantageous characteristic, the thrust surface is arranged to form with the active surface of the tool holder an angle of between n / 4 radians and 3 + n / 4 radians, preferably substantially perpendicular.

According to another advantageous characteristic, the thrust surface extends mainly on a plane parallel to the coupling direction. According to yet another advantageous characteristic, the thrust surface is substantially flat. Advantageously, the thrust member comprises wings arranged to abut against abutments of the tool holder as defined above so as to block the rotation of the slicing tool relative to the tool holder around the direction. coupling. According to an advantageous characteristic, the area of the average thrust area is greater than 1000 mm 2, preferably between 1000 and 2400 mm 2.

According to another advantageous characteristic, the coupling member and the thrust element are formed in one piece, for example by molding. The mechanical strength of the slicing tool is thus reinforced. Advantageously, the slicing tool comprises a fixing member adapted to prevent the translation in the direction of coupling of the coupling member relative to the coupling housing of the tool holder.

According to an advantageous characteristic, the fixing member comprises a detachable element, for example a rod, an O-ring, a resilient ring, a pin or a nut, and the coupling member comprises a hook-on shape, for example A bore, a groove, an orifice or a thread, for example, is provided, the attachment shape being arranged to cooperate with the detachable element. The invention also relates to a device comprising a tool holder according to one or more features described above and a slicing tool according to one or more features described above. The invention also relates to a slicer chain or wheel comprising a tool holder according to one or more characteristics described above and a slicing tool according to one or more characteristics described above. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES AND EMBODIMENTS Other advantages and particularities of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description of implementations and non-limitative embodiments, and the following appended drawings: FIGURES 1a and 1b represent a tool holder according to the invention in front views (Fig.la) and side (Fig.lb); - FIGURES 2a and 2b show a chain equipped with tool holders and slicing tools according to the invention in perspective (Fig.2a) and in front view (Fig.2b); - FIGURES 3a and 3b show a tool holder and a slicing tool according to the invention in side views (Fig.3a) and front (Fig.3b); FIG. 4 represents a slicing tool according to the invention. The embodiments described hereinafter being in no way limiting, it will be possible to consider variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described, isolated from the other characteristics described (even if this selection is isolated within of a sentence comprising these other features), if this selection of features is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the art. This selection comprises at least one characteristic, preferably functional without structural details, or with only a part of the structural details if this part alone is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the art. earlier. A tool holder 1 according to the invention is shown in FIGURES 1a and 15b. The tool holder 1 is here represented in the form of a substantially polyhedral body having a base surface 15, side surfaces 13, 14, an anterior surface called an active surface 12, a posterior surface 17, and Preferably, the surfaces of the body of the tool holder 1 are all planar. In one embodiment, the upper surface 16 and / or the posterior surface 17 have a curvature, for example a convexity. Many combinations of surface types of the tool holder 1 may, however, be implemented without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, one or more portions of some surfaces may have a curvature. The edges of the body of the tool holder 1 preferably comprise a chamfer. The body is preferably made of a metallic material and obtained by the implementation of an oxycutting or casting process. In the embodiment shown in FIGURES 1a and 1b, the active surfaces 12 and posterior 17 are parallel to each other, the lateral surfaces 13, 14 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the active surface 3029948 -8, and the upper surface 16 is perpendicular to the side surfaces and the active surface 12. In this same embodiment, the base surface 15 forms an angle A1 with a coupling direction D1, this coupling direction D1 being parallel to the upper surface 16 The base surface 15 is provided for attaching the tool holder 1 to a slicer chain or wheel. FIGURES 2a and 2b show a chain 8 on which are mounted several tool holders 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, according to the invention. Fixing a tool holder 1 on a chain or a slicer wheel is preferably made by welding. Preferably, the tool holders 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1c are oriented on the chain 8 at a flushing angle A3 favoring the rise or discharge of the material to be sliced and / or able to distribute the wear of tools mounted on these tool holders. The tool holders 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e in FIGURES 2a and 2b are assembled with tools of the spike type 2a, 2e and pallet-type slicing tools 2.2c, 2d as defined in this document (see FIG. below). Such a combination of picks and pallet-type slicing tools may for example be used for mixed-type soils. The tool holder 1 comprises a coupling housing 11. Preferably, this coupling housing 11 is a cylindrical orifice 25 passing through the body in the coupling direction D1 so as to connect the active surface 12 to the posterior surface 17 The cylindrical orifice is preferably chamfered on the side of the active surface 12. Preferably, the diameter of the cylindrical orifice is between 10 and 40 mm. The configuration and the dimensions of the active surface 12 and the coupling housing 11 are designed so that the tool holder 1 is able to receive a tool of the peak type 2a, 2e and to fulfill a function of peak holder as known. in the prior art. For example, the region of the active surface 12 surrounding the cylindrical orifice 11 is substantially planar and can thus serve as support support for a base 2e1 of a cone 2e2 of the peak 2e, the peak 2e being held in the tool holder by a cylindrical shaft (not shown) inserted into the cylindrical orifice 11.

The angle Al formed by the base surface 15 and the coupling direction D1 is preferably between n- / 6 radian and n- / 3 radian, and is preferably substantially equal to n- / 4 radian. Such an angle Al makes it possible to orient the tool towards the material to be sliced during the operation of a slicer equipped with a chain 8 provided with a tool holder 1 and with a tool of peak type 2a, 2e or of a slicing tool 2 according to the invention. Preferably, the area A of the active surface 12 is defined by the following relationship wherein R is the radius of the cylindrical orifice: A / (n- * R2)> 1.9. Preferably, the area of the active surface is greater than 600 mm 2, preferably between 600 and 1800 mm 2. In embodiments in which the active surface has at least one curvature (lack of flatness), then average surface area can be spoken. An average surface is defined as a plane surface calculated as a function of the active surface area 12. The calculation of the planar (or mean) surface is established by any appropriate type of method, for example by defining the plane (or average) surface as the which area minimizes the deviations of a plurality of points from said flat (or average) surface from a plurality of points on the active surface 12 (least squares method), or by defining the plane (or average) surface as the surface of which several points of at least two ends of the plane (or mean) surface coincide with several points of at least two ends of the active surface 12.

Such dimensions of the active surface 12 provide the tool holder 1 of the invention with a new functionality of the active surface 12, compared to the tool holders or peak holders known in the prior art. Indeed, the area of the active surface 12 allows the tool holder 1 according to the invention to contribute significantly to the recovery of a slicing material, in particular when the tool holder 1 is assembled with a slicing tool 2 of pallet type according to the invention (see below). FIG. 4 shows a pallet-type slicing tool 2 capable of being received by the tool-holder 1. The slicing tool 2 comprises a coupling member 21 arranged to be received by the coupling housing 11 of the door 1. The coupling member 21 and the coupling housing 11 are arranged so that this coupling member 21 and this coupling housing 11 constitute between them a sliding pivot connection in the coupling direction D1. . To do this, the coupling member 21 preferably comprises a cylindrical shaft whose dimensions are determined so as to allow it to be inserted into the cylindrical orifice 11 of the tool holder 1 and to form said sliding pivot connection. The coupling member 21 extends in the coupling direction D1 (FIGURE 3a). FIGURES 3a and 3b show the slicing tool 2 assembled with the tool holder 1.

The slicing tool 2 further comprises a pusher member 22. This pusher member 22 is, for example, a substantially parallelepiped shaped piece as illustrated in FIGURES 3a, 3b and 4. The edges of the pusher member 22 preferably comprise a chamfer. The thrust member 22 is integral with the coupling member 21. The thrust member 22 and the coupling member 21 may consist of two parts for example obtained by flame cutting and welded together. The slicing tool 2 can also be obtained by molding or casting from a single piece. The slicing tool 2 preferably comprises an anti-abrasion material. The thrust member 22 includes a thrust surface 221.

Preferably, the thrust surface 221 is substantially planar.

3029948 The thrust surface 221 is arranged to form with the active surface 12 of the tool holder 1 a bucket adapted to dig the material to be digged, when the slicing tool 2 is mounted in the tool holder 1 (FIGURE 3a). The thrust surface 221 is arranged to form with the active surface 12 of the tool holder 1 an angle A2 between rr / 4 radian and 3 * rr / 4 radians, preferably substantially perpendicular. Such an angle A2 can be obtained by producing a thrust surface 221 substantially parallel to the coupling direction D1 or to the direction in which the coupling member 21 extends.

In a preferred embodiment, the thrust element 22 comprises wings 222, 223 arranged to abut against abutments of the tool holder 1. These stops are for example formed by a flat part of the lateral surfaces 13, 14 of the tool holder 1.

The wings 222, 223 of the pusher member 22 are arranged to lock the rotation of the slicing tool 2 relative to the tool holder 1 around the coupling direction D1. Thus, when the coupling member 21 of the slicing tool 2 is inserted into the coupling housing 11 of the tool holder 1 over a sufficient length to engage the wings 222, 223 on the side surfaces 13, 14 of the tool holder 1 in the coupling direction D1 (as shown in FIGURE 3a), the slicing tool 2 and the tool holder 1 constitute between them a slide connection in the coupling direction D1.

The wings 223, 223 also make it possible to balance the forces applied on the slicing tool 2. In a preferred embodiment, the slicing tool 2 comprises a fastener capable of preventing the translation in the direction of movement. Coupling D1 of the coupling member 21 relative to the coupling housing 11 of the tool holder 1. Preferably, the fastening member comprises a detachable member 31 (FIGURE 3a) and the coupling member 21. comprises a hook shape 32 (FIGURE 4) arranged to cooperate with the detachable member 31 and to prevent said translation. In the embodiment shown in FIGURES 3a and 4, the detachable member 31 is an O-ring and the catcher shape 32 is a groove arranged to receive and hold the O-ring. The fixing member makes it possible to block the translation of the coupling member 21 in the coupling direction D1 with respect to the tool holder 1, which makes it possible to hold the slicing tool 2 on the tool holder 1. Preferably, the average active area 12 and the average pusher surface 221 form an angle between 7174 radians and 3 * Tr / 4 radians, preferably substantially perpendicular. Preferably, the area of the average thrust surface 221 is greater than 1000 mm 2, preferably between 1000 and 2400 mm 2.

The present invention has several other advantages. The tool holder 1 according to the invention is adaptable to several types of tools, in particular the commercially available picks and the slicing tool 2 according to the invention. It is thus possible to use the same chain or slicer wheel on which tool holders according to the invention are fixed for different types of material to be sliced, replacing only the tools mounted in these tool holders. The assembly or replacement of tools is facilitated by the standardization of the coupling elements and by the fastener. In addition, tools of different types can be easily mounted on the same chain or wheel, for example when the material to be sliced is a mixed soil. The efficiency of a chain or wheel thus equipped is further improved both in terms of creep and ascent of the material to be sliced. Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described and numerous adjustments can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, the various features, shapes, variants and embodiments of the invention may be associated with each other in various combinations to the extent that they are not incompatible or exclusive of each other.

Claims (20)

REVENDICATIONS1. Tool holder (1) arranged to be attached to a slicer chain or wheel and to receive a slicing tool (2) comprising a pushing surface (221), characterized in that this tool holder (1) comprises a body comprising: a coupling housing (11) arranged to receive a coupling member (21) of the slicing tool (2), the coupling housing (11) being arranged so that the coupling housing (11) ) and the coupling member (21) constitute between them a sliding pivot connection in a coupling direction (D1), and 1-0 an active surface (12) arranged so that when the coupling housing (11) ) receives the coupling member (21), it forms with the thrust surface (221) a bucket adapted to dig a slicing material. 2. Tool holder (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the average active surface (12) and the average thrust area (221) form an angle between rr / 4 radian and 3 * n- / 4 radians, preferably substantially perpendicular. 3. Tool holder (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the active surface (12) is substantially planar. 4. Tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coupling housing (11) comprises a cylindrical orifice. 25 5. Tool holder (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the diameter of the cylindrical orifice is between 10 and 40 mm. 6. Tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3 and according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that Affir * R2)> 1.9, A being the area of the active surface (12) mean Where R is the radius of the cylindrical orifice. 3029948 - 14 - 7. Tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the area of the active surface (12) average is greater than 600 mm2, preferably between 600 and 1800 mm2. 8. Tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the body further comprises two side surfaces (13, 14) arranged to form two respective stops on which wings (222, 223). of the slicing tool (2) are able to come into abutment so as to block the rotation of the slicing tool (2) around the coupling direction (D1). 9. Tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the body further comprises a base surface (15) arranged to be attached to the chain or slicer wheel, the base surface (15) and the coupling direction (D1) forming an angle (A1) between n- / 6 radian and n- / 3 radian, preferably substantially equal to n- / 4 radian. 10. Slicing tool (2) adapted to be received by a tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, the slicing tool (2) comprising: 2-0 a coupling member (21) arranged to be received by the coupling housing (11) of the tool holder (1), the coupling member (21) being arranged so that this coupling member (21) and the coupling housing (11) ) constitute between them a sliding pivot connection in a coupling direction (D1), M a pushing element (22) having a thrust surface (221) arranged to form with the active surface (12) of the tool holder (1). ) a bucket adapted to dig the material to be digged. 11. Slicing tool (2) according to claim 10, characterized in that the thrust surface (221) is arranged to form with the active surface (12) of the tool holder (1) an angle (A2) between n- / 4 radians and 3 * n- / 4 radians, preferably substantially perpendicular. 3029948 - 15 - 12. Slicing tool (2) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the thrust surface (221) extends mainly on a plane parallel to the coupling direction (D1). 5 13. Slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the thrust surface (221) is substantially planar. 14. Slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the thrust element (22) comprises wings (222, 223 233) arranged to bear on abutments of the holder. tool (1) according to claim 8 so as to block the rotation of the slicing tool (2) relative to the tool holder (1) around the coupling direction (D1). 15 15. Slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the area of the thrust surface (221) average is greater than 1000 mm2, preferably between 1000 and 2400 mm2. 16. Slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that the coupling member (21) and the pushing member (22) are formed in one piece. 17. Slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 10 to 16, characterized in that it comprises a fixing member adapted to prevent translation in the coupling direction (D1) of the body of coupling (21) with respect to the coupling housing (11) of the tool holder (1). 18. Slicing tool (2) according to claim 17, characterized in that the fixing member comprises a detachable element (31) and in that the coupling member (21) comprises a hooking shape ( 32) arranged to cooperate with the detachable element (31). 19. Device comprising a tool holder (1) according to one of claims 35 1 to 9 and a slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 10 to 18. 3029948 - 16 - 20. Slicer chain or wheel comprising a tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9 and a slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 10 to 18.