EP3034703A1 - Tool holder and tool for a slicer chain or wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool holder 1 comprising an active surface 12 and to a slicing tool 2 comprising a pushing surface 221, arranged so that these active surfaces 12 and push 221 form a bucket adapted to remount a material to to slice. The tool holder 1 is furthermore arranged to be adaptable to different types of tools, in particular said slicing tool 2 and tools of the peak type.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to the field of cutting and more specifically relates to a tool holder and a tool for chain or slicer wheel.

State of the art

Known in the prior art, chain or wheel slicers, equipped with specific tools selected according to the nature of the soil to be sliced.

• Des couteaux en forme de demi-gobelets, typiquement fixés par boulonnage sur support vertical, et/ou des palettes à terre typiquement fixées par emboîtement mâle-femelle (emboîtement à section carrée ou rectangulaire en général) - on parle alors de chaînes à couteaux ;
• Des pics, typiquement au carbure à tête conique munie d'un insert au carbure de tungstène - on parle alors de chaînes « Alligator ».

Conventionally, a slicer chain or wheel receives two types of tools:

• Knives in the form of half-cups, typically fixed by bolting on a vertical support, and / or pallets on the ground typically fixed by male-female interlocking (interlocking square or rectangular section in general) - it is called knife chains;
• Peaks, typically cone-shaped carbide with a tungsten carbide insert - these are called "Alligator" chains.

Peak type tools are typically mounted in pickups with a housing arranged to receive a cylindrical peak body. A judicious installation of the chain holders on the chain makes it possible to turn the peaks during a digging operation (peak inclined at its arrival on the ground). The rotation of the peak in its peak holder promotes regular wear of its head. The peak is usually locked longitudinally (along its axis of rotation) in the holder by rush ring, circlips, O-ring (rubber) or nut, to prevent its loss during a digging operation.

Peak-type tools provide satisfactory results for relatively hard and / or abrasive homogeneous soils, provided that the peaks on the chain are correctly implanted ("hedgehog" implantation). However, they lose all effectiveness in mixed or homogeneous greasy and sticky or fluent (sand) soils, the peaks not evacuating the sticky and adhesive material of such soils which results in a fouling of the chain and a blockage of the advancement of the slicer.

• Les couteaux et palettes sont installés sur des supports spécifiques (chaînes et/ou segments de roue) - le blocage est généralement réalisé par jonc en caoutchouc, goupille ou boulonnage ;
• L'adaptation du montage en fonction de la largeur de tranchage souhaitée s'effectue par montage d'écarteurs ou de pièces intermédiaires de type entretoises, ce qui s'avère compliqué, fastidieux et cher ;
• Les chaînes de creusement sont équipées de pièces adaptées aux couteaux et palettes.

The tools of the knife or pallet type are effective for driving relatively bulky "soil chips" and obtain good slicing yields, especially on homogeneous, soft and / or flexible soils, but have several drawbacks:

• The knives and pallets are installed on specific supports (chains and / or wheel segments) - the locking is generally done by rubber ring, pin or bolting;
• The adaptation of the assembly according to the desired slicing width is carried out by mounting spacers or spacer type intermediate parts, which is complicated, tedious and expensive;
• The digging chains are equipped with parts suitable for knives and pallets.

Another disadvantage is that the known pick holders are not arranged to receive pallets on the ground.

In view of these drawbacks and peculiarities, the use of a slicer to slice sometimes a hard ground and sometimes a soft ground implies to change the chain in its entirety when passing from one type of soil to another, which may require up to two days of work devoted to such a change.

In addition, in mixed clay-limestone soil with grindstone or flint, knives or pallets can wear and break relatively quickly.

The present invention is intended to overcome all or part of these disadvantages.

Presentation of the invention

• un logement d'accouplement agencé pour recevoir un organe d'accouplement de l'outil de tranchage, le logement d'accouplement étant agencé pour que ce logement d'accouplement et l'organe d'accouplement constituent entre eux une liaison pivot glissant suivant une direction d'accouplement, et
• une surface active agencée pour que, lorsque le logement d'accouplement reçoit l'organe d'accouplement, cette surface active forme avec la surface de poussée un godet apte à creuser un matériau à trancher.

For this purpose, the present invention proposes a tool holder arranged to be attached to a slicer chain or wheel and to receive a slicing tool comprising a pushing surface, characterized in that this tool holder comprises a body, preferably metal, preferably in an anti-abrasion material, comprising:

• a coupling housing arranged to receive a coupling member of the slicing tool, the coupling housing being arranged so that the coupling housing and the coupling member constitute between them a sliding pivot connection according to a coupling direction, and
• an active surface arranged so that, when the coupling housing receives the coupling member, this active surface forms with the thrust surface a bucket adapted to dig a slicing material.

Such an active surface promotes the ascent of the slicing material, especially when the toolholder receives a slicing tool comprising such a thrust surface.

According to an advantageous characteristic, the average active surface and the average thrust surface form an angle of between π / 4 radian and 3 * π / 4 radians. This angle is preferably substantially perpendicular.

Such an angle promotes the recovery of the material to be sliced by the bucket shape that this angle gives to the combination of the active surface and the thrust surface.

Advantageously, the active surface is substantially flat. The flat shape makes it possible to recover the shape and the usual properties of a knife or a pallet.

According to another advantageous characteristic, the coupling housing comprises a cylindrical orifice. The cylindrical shape makes the toolholder adaptable to its use as a peak holder adapted to receive a standard peak. Indeed, a spike generally comprises a cylindrical body which is inserted into a cylindrical orifice of a spike holder, the connection thus formed making it possible to drive the spike in rotation when the chain or the slicer wheel is advanced. Thus, the tool holder is able to receive both a pick and a slicing tool.

Advantageously, the diameter of the cylindrical orifice is between 10 and 40 mm.

According to an advantageous characteristic, A / ( π * R ² )> 1.9, A being the area of the average active surface, R being the radius of the cylindrical orifice.

Advantageously, the area of the average active surface is greater than 600 mm ² , preferably between 600 and 1800 mm ² .

Such dimensions of the active surface allow this active surface to contribute significantly to the ascent of the material to be sliced.

According to a particular embodiment, the area of the average active surface area is between about 15% and about 100% of the thrust area, preferably between about 25% and about 40% of the thrust area. These surface report ranges allow

According to another advantageous characteristic, the body further comprises two lateral surfaces arranged to form two respective abutments on which wings of the slicing tool are able to come into abutment so as to block the rotation of the slicing tool around the direction of coupling.

According to yet another advantageous characteristic, the body further comprises a base surface arranged to be fixed to the slicer chain or wheel, the base surface and the coupling direction forming an angle of between π / 6 radian and π / 3 radian, preferably substantially equal to π / 4 radian.

Such an angle allows a slicer equipped with such a tool holder to attack the material to slice effectively, especially when the toolholder receives a standard peak. The body of the tool holder can be attached to the chain or the trencher wheel by any removable or non removable fastening means. It may be for example a fixing by welding or mechanical assembly. However, the tool holder is preferably fixed in a removable manner, insofar as it comprises an active surface liable to wear with the slicing operations.

• un organe d'accouplement agencé pour être reçu par le logement d'accouplement du porte-outil, l'organe d'accouplement étant agencé pour que cet organe d'accouplement et le logement d'accouplement constituent entre eux une liaison pivot glissant suivant une direction d'accouplement,
• un élément de poussée comportant une surface de poussée agencée pour former avec la surface active du porte-outil un godet apte à creuser le matériau à creuser.

The invention also relates to a slicing tool adapted to be received by a tool holder according to one or more of the features which have just been described, this slicing tool comprising:

• a coupling member arranged to be received by the coupling housing of the tool holder, the coupling member being arranged so that the coupling member and the coupling housing form between them a sliding pivot connection according to a coupling direction,
• a thrust member having a thrust surface arranged to form with the active surface of the tool holder a bucket adapted to dig the material to be digged.

According to an advantageous characteristic, the thrust area is arranged to form with the active surface of the tool holder an angle of between π / 4 radian and 3 * π / 4 radians, preferably substantially perpendicular.

According to another advantageous characteristic, the thrust surface extends mainly on a plane parallel to the coupling direction.

According to yet another advantageous characteristic, the thrust surface is substantially flat.

Advantageously, the thrust member comprises wings arranged to abut against abutments of the tool holder as defined above so as to block the rotation of the slicing tool relative to the tool holder around the direction. coupling.

According to an advantageous characteristic, the area of the average thrust surface is greater than 1000 mm ^2, preferably between 1000 and 2400 mm ^2.

According to another advantageous characteristic, the coupling member and the thrust member are formed in one piece, for example by molding.

The mechanical strength of the slicing tool is thus reinforced.

Advantageously, the slicing tool comprises a fixing member adapted to prevent the translation in the direction of coupling of the coupling member relative to the coupling housing of the tool holder.

According to an advantageous characteristic, the fastener comprises a detachable element, for example a rod, an O-ring, a resilient ring, a pin or a nut, and the coupling member comprises a hooking shape, for example a bore, a groove, an orifice or a thread, the attachment shape being arranged to cooperate with the detachable element.

The invention also relates to a device comprising a tool holder according to one or more features described above and a slicing tool according to one or more features described above.

The invention also relates to a slicer chain or wheel comprising a tool holder according to one or more features described above and a slicing tool according to one or more features described above.

Description of the Figures and Embodiments

• les FIGURES 1a et 1b représentent un porte-outil selon l'invention en vues de face (Fig.1a) et de côté (Fig.1b) ;
• les FIGURES 2a et 2b représentent une chaîne équipée de porte-outils et d'outils de tranchage selon l'invention en perspective (Fig.2a) et en vue de face (Fig.2b) ;
• les FIGURES 3a et 3b représentent un porte-outil et un outil de tranchage selon l'invention en vues de côté (Fig.3a) et de face (Fig.3b) ;
• la FIGURE 4 représente un outil de tranchage selon l'invention.

Other advantages and particularities of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description of implementations and non-limiting embodiments, and the following appended drawings:

• the FIGURES 1a and 1b represent a tool holder according to the invention in front views ( D.1a ) and side ( D.1b );
• the FIGURES 2a and 2b represent a chain equipped with tool holders and slicing tools according to the invention in perspective ( Fig.2a ) and in front view ( Fig.2b );
• the FIGURES 3a and 3b represent a tool holder and a slicing tool according to the invention in side views ( Fig.3a ) and face ( Fig.3b );
• the FIGURE 4 represents a slicing tool according to the invention.

The embodiments described below being in no way limiting, it will be possible to consider variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described, isolated from the other characteristics described (even if this selection is isolated within a sentence including these other characteristics), if this selection of features is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art. This selection comprises at least one characteristic, preferably functional without structural details, or with only a part of the structural details if this part alone is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art .

A tool holder 1 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. FIGURES 1a and 1b . The tool holder 1 is here represented in the form of a substantially polyhedral body having a base surface 15, side surfaces 13, 14, an anterior surface called an active surface 12, a posterior surface 17, and of an upper surface 16.

Preferably, the surfaces of the body of the tool holder 1 are all planar. In one embodiment, the upper surface 16 and / or the posterior surface 17 have a curvature, for example a convexity. Many combinations of surface types of the tool holder 1 may, however, be implemented without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, one or more portions of some surfaces may have a curvature.

The edges of the body of the tool holder 1 preferably comprise a chamfer.

The body is preferably made of a metallic material and obtained by the implementation of an oxycutting process, or foundry.

In the embodiment shown in FIGURES 1a and 1b , the active surfaces 12 and posterior 17 are parallel to each other, the lateral surfaces 13, 14 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the surface active 12, and the upper surface 16 is perpendicular to the side surfaces and the active surface 12.

In this same embodiment, the base surface 15 forms an angle A1 with a coupling direction D1, this coupling direction D1 being parallel to the upper surface 16.

The base surface 15 is provided for attaching the tool holder 1 to a slicer chain or wheel.

The FIGURES 2a and 2b represent a chain 8 on which are mounted several tool holders 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e according to the invention.

Fixing a tool holder 1 on a chain or a slicer wheel is preferably made by welding.

Preferably, the tool holders 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e are oriented on the chain 8 at a flush angle A3 favoring the ascent or evacuation of the material to be sliced and / or able to distribute the wear of tools mounted on these tool holders.

The tool holders 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, FIGURES 2a and 2b are assembled with spike type tools 2a, 2e and pallet type slicing tools 2.2c, 2d as defined herein (see below). Such a combination of peaks and pallet-type slicing tools may for example be used for mixed-type floors.

The tool holder 1 comprises a coupling housing 11. Preferably, this coupling housing 11 is a cylindrical orifice passing through the body in the coupling direction D1 so as to connect the active surface 12 to the posterior surface 17.

The cylindrical orifice is preferably chamfered on the side of the active surface 12.

Preferably, the diameter of the cylindrical orifice is between 10 and 40 mm.

The configuration and the dimensions of the active surface 12 and the coupling housing 11 are designed so that the tool holder 1 is able to receive a tool of the peak type 2a, 2e and to fulfill a function of peak holder as known. in the prior art. For example, the region of the active surface 12 surrounding the cylindrical orifice 11 is substantially flat and can thus serve as supporting support for a base 2e1 of a cone 2e2 of the peak 2e, the peak 2e being held in the tool holder 1e by a cylindrical shaft (not shown) inserted in the cylindrical orifice 11.

The angle A1 formed by the base surface 15 and the coupling direction D1 is preferably between π / 6 radian and π / 3 radian, and it is preferably substantially equal to π / 4 radian.

Such an angle A1 makes it possible to orient the tool towards the material to be sliced during the operation of a slicer equipped with a chain 8 provided with a tool holder 1 and with a tool of peak type 2a, 2e or a slicing tool 2 according to the invention.

Preferably, the area A of the active surface 12 is defined by the following relationship in which R is the radius of the cylindrical orifice: A / ( π * R ² )> 1.9.

Preferably, the area of the active surface is greater than 600 mm ² , preferably between 600 and 1800 mm ² .

In embodiments in which the active surface has at least one curvature (lack of flatness), we can then speak of average surface. An average surface is defined as a plane surface calculated as a function of the active surface area 12. The calculation of the planar (or mean) surface is established by any appropriate type of method, for example by defining the plane (or average) surface as the surface that minimizes the deviations of several points from said plane (or average) surface with respect to several points of the active surface 12 (least squares method), or by defining the plane (or average) surface as the surface of which several points of at least two ends of the plane (or mean) surface coincide with several points of at least two ends of the active surface 12.

Such dimensions of the active surface 12 provide the tool holder 1 of the invention with a new functionality of the active surface 12, compared to the tool holders or pick holders known in the prior art. Indeed, the area of the active surface 12 allows the tool holder 1 according to the invention to contribute significantly to the ascent of a material to slicing, in particular when the tool holder 1 is assembled with a slicing tool 2 of pallet type according to the invention (see below).

The FIGURE 4 represents a slicing tool 2 of pallet type adapted to be received by the tool holder 1.

The slicing tool 2 comprises a coupling member 21 arranged to be received by the coupling housing 11 of the tool holder 1. The coupling member 21 and the coupling housing 11 are arranged so that this member 21 and coupling housing 11 constitute between them a sliding pivot connection in the coupling direction D1.

To do this, the coupling member 21 preferably comprises a cylindrical shaft whose dimensions are determined so as to allow its insertion into the cylindrical orifice 11 of the tool holder 1 and to form said sliding pivot connection.

The coupling member 21 extends in the coupling direction D1 ( FIGURE 3a ).

The FIGURES 3a and 3b represent the slicing tool 2 assembled with the tool holder 1.

The slicing tool 2 further comprises a thrust element 22. This thrust element 22 is for example a piece of substantially parallelepipedal shape as illustrated in FIGS. FIGURES 3a, 3b and 4 .

The edges of the thrust member 22 preferably include a chamfer.

The thrust member 22 is integral with the coupling member 21. The thrust member 22 and the coupling member 21 may consist of two parts for example obtained by flame cutting and welded together. The slicing tool 2 can also be obtained by molding or casting from a single piece.

The slicing tool 2 preferably comprises an anti-abrasion material.

The thrust member 22 includes a thrust surface 221.

Preferably, the thrust surface 221 is substantially planar.

The thrust surface 221 is arranged to form with the active surface 12 of the tool holder 1 a bucket adapted to dig the material to be hollowed out, when the slicing tool 2 is mounted in the tool holder 1 ( FIGURE 3a ).

The thrust surface 221 is arranged to form with the active surface 12 of the tool holder 1 an angle A2 between π / 4 radian and 3 * π / 4 radians, preferably substantially perpendicular.

Such an angle A2 can be obtained by producing a thrust surface 221 substantially parallel to the coupling direction D1 or to the direction in which the coupling member 21 extends.

In a preferred embodiment, the thrust element 22 comprises wings 222, 223 arranged to bear on abutments of the tool holder 1. These stops are for example formed by a flat portion of the lateral surfaces 13, 14 of the tool holder 1.

The wings 222, 223 of the thrust member 22 are arranged to block the rotation of the slicing tool 2 relative to the tool holder 1 around the coupling direction D1.

Thus, when the coupling member 21 of the slicing tool 2 is inserted into the coupling housing 11 of the tool holder 1 to a length sufficient to engage the wings 222, 223 on the side surfaces 13, 14 of the tool holder 1 in the coupling direction D1 (as shown in FIG. FIGURE 3a ), the slicing tool 2 and the tool holder 1 constitute between them a slide connection in the coupling direction D1.

The wings 223, 223 also make it possible to balance the forces applied on the slicing tool 2.

In a preferred embodiment, the slicing tool 2 comprises a fixing member adapted to prevent the translation in the coupling direction D1 of the coupling member 21 relative to the coupling housing 11 of the tool holder. 1.

Preferably, the fixing member comprises a detachable element 31 ( FIGURE 3a ) and the coupling member 21 comprises a hooking shape 32 ( FIGURE 4 ) arranged to cooperate with the detachable element 31 and to prevent said translation.

In the embodiment shown in FIGURES 3a and 4 , the detachable member 31 is an O-ring and the hooking shape 32 is a groove arranged to receive and hold the O-ring.

The fixing member makes it possible to block the translation of the coupling member 21 in the coupling direction D1 with respect to the tool holder 1, which makes it possible to hold the slicing tool 2 on the tool holder 1 .

Preferably, the average active surface 12 and the average thrust area 221 form an angle of between π / 4 radian and 3 * π / 4 radians, preferably substantially perpendicular.

Preferably, the area of the average thrust surface 221 is greater than 1000 mm ² , preferably between 1000 and 2400 mm ² .

The present invention has several other advantages. The tool holder 1 according to the invention is adaptable to several types of tools, in particular the commercially available picks and the slicing tool 2 according to the invention. One can thus use the same chain or slicer wheel on which tool holders according to the invention are attached to different types of material to be sliced, replacing only the tools mounted in these tool holders. The assembly or replacement of tools is facilitated by the standardization of the coupling elements and by the fastener. In addition, tools of different types can be easily mounted on the same chain or wheel, for example when the material to be sliced is a mixed soil. The efficiency of a chain or wheel thus equipped is further improved both in terms of creep and ascent of the material to be sliced.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples that have just been described and many adjustments can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, the various features, shapes, variants and embodiments of the invention may be associated with each other in various combinations to the extent that they are not incompatible or exclusive of each other.

Claims (15)

Tool holder (1) arranged to be attached to a slicer chain or wheel and to receive a slicing tool (2) comprising a pushing surface (221), characterized in that this tool holder (1) comprises a body comprising: a coupling housing (11) arranged to receive a coupling member (21) of the slicing tool (2), the coupling housing (11) being arranged for this coupling housing (11) and the coupling member (21) constitutes between them a sliding pivot connection in a coupling direction (D1), and an active surface (12) arranged so that, when the coupling housing (11) receives the coupling member (21), it forms with the thrust surface (221) a bucket adapted to dig a slicing material. Tool holder (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the average active surface (12) and the average thrust area (221) form an angle of between π / 4 radian and 3 * π / 4 radians, preferably substantially perpendicular. Tool holder (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the active surface (12) is substantially planar. Tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3 and according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that A / ( π * R ² )> 1.9, A being the area of the active surface (12) mean, R being the radius of the cylindrical orifice. Tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the body further comprises two lateral surfaces (13, 14) arranged to form two respective abutments on which wings (222, 223) of the slicing tool (2) are able to come into abutment so as to block the rotation of the slicing tool (2) around the coupling direction (D1). Tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the body further comprises a base surface (15) arranged to be fixed to the slicer chain or wheel, the base surface (15 ) and the coupling direction (D1) forming an angle (A1) between π / 6 radian and π / 3 radian, preferably substantially equal to π / 4 radian. Slicing tool (2) adapted to be received by a tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, said slicing tool (2) comprising: a coupling member (21) arranged to be received by the coupling housing (11) of the tool holder (1), the coupling member (21) being arranged for this coupling member (21). and the coupling housing (11) constitute between them a sliding pivot connection in a coupling direction (D1), a thrust member (22) having a thrust surface (221) arranged to form with the active surface (12) of the tool holder (1) a bucket adapted to dig the material to be digged. Slicing tool (2) according to claim 7, characterized in that the thrust surface (221) is arranged to form with the active surface (12) of the tool holder (1) an angle (A2) of between π / 4 radian and 3 * π / 4 radians, preferably substantially perpendicular. Slicing tool (2) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the thrust surface (221) extends mainly in a plane parallel to the mating direction (D1). Slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the thrust member (22) includes flanges (222, 223) arranged to bear on stops of the tool holder (1 ) according to claim 8 so as to block the rotation of the slicing tool (2) relative to the tool holder (1) around the coupling direction (D1). Slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the coupling member (21) and the pushing element (22) are formed in one piece. Slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that it comprises a fastening member adapted to prevent the translation in the coupling direction (D1) of the coupling member (21 ) relative to the coupling housing (11) of the tool holder (1). Slicing tool (2) according to claim 12, characterized in that the fastening member comprises a detachable element (31) and in that the coupling member (21) comprises a fastening shape (32) arranged to cooperate with the detachable element (31). Device comprising a tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6 and a slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 7 to 13. Slicer chain or wheel comprising a tool holder (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6 and a slicing tool (2) according to one of claims 7 to 13.

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