EP2751348A1 - Mechanical system comprising a device for connection between a wearing part and the support thereof, heavy-construction machine bucket, and method for implementing said system - Google Patents

Mechanical system comprising a device for connection between a wearing part and the support thereof, heavy-construction machine bucket, and method for implementing said system

Info

Publication number
EP2751348A1
EP2751348A1 EP12751543.5A EP12751543A EP2751348A1 EP 2751348 A1 EP2751348 A1 EP 2751348A1 EP 12751543 A EP12751543 A EP 12751543A EP 2751348 A1 EP2751348 A1 EP 2751348A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
support
key
orifice
mechanical system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12751543.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabrice MARCHAND
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safe Metal SAS
Original Assignee
Safe Metal SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Safe Metal SAS filed Critical Safe Metal SAS
Publication of EP2751348A1 publication Critical patent/EP2751348A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2808—Teeth
    • E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
    • E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins
    • E02F9/2841—Retaining means, e.g. pins resilient
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2808—Teeth
    • E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
    • E02F9/2825—Mountings therefor using adapters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49948—Multipart cooperating fastener [e.g., bolt and nut]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mechanical system comprising a support, a wear part and a connecting device between the wear part and its support, in particular a tooth and its support belonging to a device. construction machinery equipment.
  • the invention also relates to a bucket of construction machinery comprising at least one such system.
  • the invention relates to a method of implementing such a system.
  • the field of application of the invention is that of equipment of public works machinery, in particular buckets, buckets or other receptacles capable of scraping, removing and moving materials for the purpose of evacuation from a given place to other operating posts using public works machinery.
  • a bucket comprises a driving blade equipped with wear parts provided for their ability to penetrate the material and protection of the other components of the bucket.
  • wear parts On the attacking blades are fixed adapter-holders having a profiled nose, while the wear parts are teeth or shields which are positioned on the support-adapter in a precise connection. This connection is temporary to allow the replacement of wearing parts after wear.
  • connection between the wear part and its support can be achieved by a keying.
  • the keying devices must provide a rigid connection of the elements they bring together.
  • the assembly and disassembly of the keyings are performed by the action of striking tools, with the risk of injury to operators.
  • Locking devices are also known which do not require the use of striking tools. In this case, special binding equipment is necessary, especially for dismantling the wear part. On the other hand, the known devices are complex to manufacture and use.
  • FR-A-2,878,871 discloses a connecting device by keying between a wear part and its support.
  • the device comprises two metal cylinders which are screwed to one another and a rubber sleeve placed between the two. The screwing of the two cylinders deforms the sleeve in a housing of the support, while the cylinders are housed in the openings of the wear part.
  • the connection provided by such a device lacks rigidity, efficiency and reliability.
  • the cylinders are not systematically in the rear contact position to ensure the retention of the tooth.
  • US-A-2009/205228 discloses another connecting device between a wear part and its support.
  • This device comprises a key, a nut, a sleeve and a support ring.
  • the sleeve is arranged in a housing of the support.
  • the connecting device only the key, the nut and the ring are removable from this housing.
  • the sheath can not be removed from this housing without disassembly of the tooth.
  • the action of a tool makes it possible to achieve a frictional force engagement between the key and the sleeve and the nut and the sheath. , at the level of the different frustoconical surfaces formed on these constituent elements of the connecting device.
  • the sleeve comprises a rib which, by pressing into a groove formed in the housing of the support, prevents the rotation of the connecting device during the action of the tool.
  • the material of the sleeve is not elastically deformable, for successive assembly and disassembly, under the operating conditions of the invention. This device is not entirely satisfactory, especially in terms of simplicity of use and wear resistance.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved connection device, making it possible to dispense with striking operations for mounting and for dismantling wear parts.
  • the invention is directed to a high-performance, reliable, resistant, simple and practical keying device.
  • the subject of the invention is a mechanical system, comprising a support, a wear part and a device for connecting the wear part and its support, in particular between a bucket tooth and its support which belong to a construction machinery equipment, the connecting device comprising:
  • a key having an elongate body along a key axis between a threaded foot and a head
  • a sheath of elastically deformable material provided with a wall arranged around the body and adjustable by deformation in a housing of the support, by screwing between the threaded foot of the key and the nut, between an insertion configuration where the device link is removable from the housing and a locking configuration where the wall of the sleeve is fitted into the housing.
  • the connecting device also comprises a support ring interposed between, on the one hand, an orifice formed in the wearing part facing each other; an opening opening the housing and, secondly, the movable key in the support ring in rotation of screwing around the key axis,
  • the support ring exerts retention forces on the wear part.
  • the invention makes it possible to form a rigid connection between the wear part, in particular a bucket tooth, and its support, with great simplicity and high performances.
  • the support ring which is adjusted, both in the insertion configuration and in the locking configuration, in the orifice formed in the tooth, the device is always in the rear contact position to retain the tooth in configuration. locking.
  • the connecting device can be adjusted satisfactorily in the housing of the support and is well adapted to several successive assembly and disassembly in service.
  • the key, the nut, the sheath and the ring are removable together in insertion configuration and secured in locking configuration.
  • the connecting device according to the invention is simple to manufacture and to implement.
  • the assembly and disassembly of the mechanical system is feasible with a consequent time saving and a reduced risk of injury.
  • the support ring exerts retention forces on the one hand on a lateral surface of the orifice and, on the other hand, on a transverse shoulder of the orifice.
  • the orifice and the support ring have complementary lateral surfaces generally centered on a secondary axis offset by a gap parallel and radially to the central axis of the housing.
  • the orifice and the support ring comprise anti-rotation fastening elements during screwing.
  • the head of the key comprises rigid ribs which extend radially and parallel to the key axis and which are, on the one hand, both in the insertion configuration and in the locking configuration, engaged in elastically deformable ribs formed in the support ring and, secondly, during the screwing of the key, movable in rotation about the key axis by elastically deforming the ribs of the support ring.
  • the support ring is constituted by a rigid outer portion adjustable in the orifice and an elastically deformable inner portion in which is positioned the key, the rigid outer portion and the elastically deformable inner portion being secured in rotation, in particular by gluing or fusing.
  • the nut comprises at least one flat capable of cooperating, both in the insertion configuration and in the locking configuration, with a corresponding flat portion in a part of the housing.
  • the support comprises a duct opening into the housing on a side opposite to the opening opening and the orifice
  • the wear part comprises a conduit passing on the opposite side to the orifice
  • the conduit of the support and the conduit of the wear part are substantially aligned and adapted to receive a penetrating tool into the housing, when the mechanical system is assembled, in particular adapted to receive a penetrating tool into a receiving portion of the nut in the housing.
  • the invention also relates to a bucket of construction machinery, comprising at least one mechanical system as mentioned above.
  • the bucket generally comprises a series of supports each receiving a tooth, which behaves as a wear part and is secured to its support by a connecting device.
  • the subject of the invention is a method for implementing a mechanical system as mentioned above.
  • the method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mechanical system according to the invention, comprising a support integral with a bucket partially shown, a wear part, and a connecting device of the wear part and the support, which connecting device is shown in a locking configuration and comprising a sheath, a threaded key, a nut and a support ring;
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the mechanical system according to arrow II in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is another exploded perspective view of the mechanical system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the key belonging to the connecting device
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the support ring belonging to the connecting device
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the sleeve belonging to the connecting device
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the nut belonging to the connecting device
  • FIG. 8 is a section along the line VIII-VII I in Figure 2, showing the mechanical system and the connecting device in an insertion configuration;
  • Figure 9 is a section similar to Figure 8, showing the mechanical system and the connecting device in the locking configuration.
  • FIG. 1 to 9 a mechanical system 1 according to the invention, equipping a bucket G of public works machinery.
  • the mechanical system 1 comprises an adapter-support 10, a wear part 20 of the tooth type, as well as a device 30 connecting the support 10 and the tooth 20.
  • the system 1 extends substantially along an axis X1, along which one defines a first direction D1 of fitting of the tooth 20 on the support 10 and a second direction D2, parallel and opposite to the first direction D1, disassembly of the tooth 20.
  • Bucket G is partially shown in Figures 1 and 3, for simplification purposes.
  • the support 10 is integral with the bucket G, while the tooth 20 is a wear part to be disassembled when it is too worn by the operation of the bucket G.
  • the connecting device 30 comprises a sleeve 40, a threaded key or screw 50 which passes through the sleeve 40, and a nut 60 and a support ring 70 disposed on either side of the sleeve 40 and cooperating with the key 50.
  • the device 30 can be inserted into a housing 14 of the support 10, in an insertion configuration A shown in FIG. 8.
  • the relative screwing of the nut 60 and the key 50, in a direction of rotation R1 deforms the sheath 40 interposed between them, from the insertion configuration A to a locking configuration B shown in FIGS. 9.
  • the device 30 is adjustable between, on the one hand, the insertion configuration A where the sleeve 40 is not in contact or only partially in contact with the housing 14, while the device 30 does not exert retaining force on the tooth 20 and, on the other hand, the locking configuration B where the sleeve 40 is fitted in the housing 14 of the support 10, whereas the device 30, more precisely the support ring 70, bears against the tooth 20, forming a coupling connection between the tooth 20 and its support 10.
  • a front side 2 is defined at the level of which the tooth 20 is located, a rear side 3 at the level of which the support 10 is located, an upper side 4 which is oriented away from the ground when the system 1 is assembled and from which the device 30 is inserted into the support 10, a left side 5 and a right side 6 located with respect to the disassembly direction D2, and a lower side 7 facing the ground when the system 1 is assembled.
  • the support 10 comprises a base 11, partially shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 8 and 9.
  • the support 10 also comprises a fitting nose 12 intended to be engaged in a cavity 22C of the tooth 20 shaped for this purpose, as shown in Figures 8 and 9.
  • a housing 13 for receiving the lugs 23 of the tooth 20 is formed on each side 5 and 6 of the base January 1.
  • Each housing 13 has walls located towards the rear 3, the top 4 and the bottom 7.
  • the housing 13 is open towards the front 2 in order to receive the ears 23.
  • the housing 14 is formed in the nose 12 of the support 10, along an axis X14 inclined at an angle a14 with respect to the axis X1, between the inside of the nose 12 and an opening 16 opening on the upper side 4.
  • the angle a14 is equal to 70 °, preferably between 50 and 90 °.
  • the angle a14 is measured opposite the base 1 1 with respect to the point of intersection of X1 and X14.
  • the housing 14 comprises, on the one hand, an inner wall 15 for adjusting the sheath 40 and, on the other hand, a portion 17 for receiving the nut 60, which is formed in the nose 12 opposite the the opening 16.
  • the wall 15 forms an ellipsoid of revolution about the axis X14, truncated at the opening 16 and the portion 17.
  • the portion 17 has a substantially cylindrical shape centered on the axis X14 and is provided with two flats, not shown and diametrically opposed with respect to the axis X14, for the locking in rotation of the nut 60.
  • a conduit 19 for guiding a tool of Unlocking the nut 60 extends between the portion 17 and the lower side 7 of the nose 12, as shown in Figures 8 and 9.
  • the tooth 20 comprises an active portion 21 located forwardly 2 and a hollow portion 22 facing rearward 3.
  • the portion 21 is intended to scrape and remove materials, for example earth or gravel, while the portion 22 is provided for the fitting of the tooth 20 on the support 10.
  • the portion 22 comprises the internal cavity 22C, visible in Figures 8 and 9, shaped for fitting on the nose 12 of the support 10, as well as the lugs 23 which are directed towards the rear 3 and intended to be received in the housings 13, in contact upwards 4 and the bottom 7, as shown in FIG.
  • a through hole 24 is formed in the hollow portion 22 of the tooth 20, between the upper side 4 and the cavity 22C.
  • This orifice 24 is positioned facing the opening 15 of the housing 14 when the tooth 20 is fitted on the support 10, thus allowing the device 30 to be inserted in the housing 14, and then the device 30 is put into operation.
  • the orifice 24 comprises a first portion 25 provided with a cylindrical lateral surface in which grooves 26 are formed, a second cylindrical portion 27 opening into the cavity 24C, as well as a shoulder 28
  • the portion 25 is generally centered on an axis X25, the shoulder 28 extends radially to this axis X25, while the portion 27 is slightly eccentric forwardly 2 relative to the axis X25.
  • the grooves 26 extend radially and parallel to the axis X25.
  • the radial dimensions of the portion 27 are smaller than the radial dimensions at the X25 axis of the portion 25, so that the shoulder 28 is turned on the upper side 4.
  • a chamfer 24C is provided on the side 4, between the part 25 and the outside of the orifice 24, to facilitate the introduction of the device 30.
  • the grooves 26 open from the portion 25 in the chamfer 24C.
  • the orifice 24 is provided to receive the device 30, more precisely the support ring 70, bearing against the tooth 20, in the locking configuration B detailed below.
  • a conduit 29 for guiding a tool for unblocking the nut 60 extends between the cavity 22C and the lower side 7 of the part 22, as shown in FIGS. 3, 8 and 9.
  • the conduit 29 is substantially aligned with the duct 19 when the system 1 is assembled, thus allowing the introduction of a tool into the portion 17 of the housing 14.
  • the axes X1, X14 and X25 are located in the same median plane Pm1 of the system 1. More precisely, the axis X25 is offset parallel and radially to the axis X14, with a gap e30 towards the rear 3.
  • the sheath 40 is of elastically deformable material, for example elastomer.
  • the sleeve 40 is elongate between longitudinal ends 41 and 42 along a central axis X40. In the insertion configuration A, the end 41 is located on the side 4, while the end 42 is on the side 7. This distinction is made for the purpose of spatial identification only, it being understood that the ends 41 and 42 are reversible.
  • the sheath 40 comprises a wall 43, which is centered on the axis X40 and curved radially away from this axis X40.
  • the wall 43 defines an outer surface 44 forming an ellipsoid of revolution about the axis X40, truncated at the ends 41 and 42.
  • the wall 43 also defines an interior cavity 45, which is centered on the axis X40, opening at level of the ends 41 and 42 and provided to receive the key 50, with a radial gap between the sleeve 40 and the key 50.
  • the wall 15 and the outer surface 44 have substantially complementary shapes in the locking configuration B, so that the wall 43 of the sheath 40 can be adjusted in the housing 14 of the support 10 by marrying its inner contours defined by the wall 15.
  • the key 50 is metallic, for example steel.
  • the key 50 comprises a body 53 elongated along an axis X50 between a head 51 and a threaded foot 52.
  • the head 51 comprises a hexagonal portion 54 of actuation by a tool, no shown for simplification purposes, an outer cylindrical portion 55 provided with rigid ribs 56, a recess 57 formed between the parts 54 and 55 to facilitate access of the tool to the portion 54, and a bearing portion lower 58 forming a shoulder oriented towards the foot 52.
  • the ribs 56 extend radially and parallel to the axis X50 and are provided to cooperate with the support ring 70.
  • the center of gravity of the key 50 is located on the X50 axis. With the exception of the threading of the foot 52, the portion 54 and the ribs 56, the key 50 is a piece of revolution about the axis X50, without an eccentric portion.
  • the nut 60 is metallic, for example made of steel similar to that of the key 50. As shown in particular in FIG. 7, the nut 60 comprises a cylindrical outer surface 61 and a tapped internal bore 62 which are centered on an axis X60 and connected by a shoulder 63 radial to the axis X60. The tapping of the bore 62 is complementary to the thread of the foot 52 of the key 50. The shoulder 63 is provided to receive the end 42 of the sheath 40 in support. Flats 64, diametrically opposed with respect to the axis X60, are formed in the surface 61.
  • the surface 61 is shaped to be received in the portion 17 of the housing 14, with the flats 64 which cooperate, both in the insertion configuration A and in the locking configuration B, with the corresponding flats formed in this portion 17.
  • L X60 axis is then aligned with the X14 axis.
  • the nut 60 housed in the portion 17 is movable in translation along the axis X14, but locked in rotation about the axis X14.
  • the support ring 70 has a generally cylindrical shape centered on an axis X70. As shown in particular in Figure 5, the ring 70 is constituted by a rigid outer portion 80 adjustable in the orifice 24, and an inner portion 90 resiliently deformable 90 in which the key 50 can be positioned.
  • the portion 80 is metallic, while the portion 90 is elastomeric.
  • the portion 80 comprises a thin wall defined by an inner cylindrical surface 81 and an outer cylindrical surface 82 provided with ribs 83.
  • the surfaces 81 and 82 are centered on an axis X80 which coincides with the axis X70.
  • the ribs 83 extend radially and parallel to the axis X80 and are intended to be housed in the grooves 26 of the orifice 24.
  • the portion 90 includes an outer cylindrical surface 91, an inner cylindrical surface 92 provided with grooves 93, and a radial abutment 94.
  • the surface 91 is centered on the axis X70, while the surface 92 is centered on an axis X90 offset radially and parallel to the X70 axis.
  • the portion 90 is thicker radially to the axis X70 on a side 71 of the ring 70 and thinner on a side 72, diametrically opposed to the side 71, of the ring 70.
  • the grooves 93 extend radially and parallel to the axis X90 and are provided to receive the ribs 56 of the key 50.
  • the stop 94 is centered on the axis X90 and extends radially towards this axis X90 from one of the axial edges of the surface 92. stop 94 delimits radially an orifice 95 centered on the axis X90 and passing through the ring 70 along this axis X90.
  • the portion 80 and the portion 90 of the ring 70 can be assembled by gluing or heat-sealing the surfaces 81 and 91.
  • a first step a) an operator assembles the connecting device 30.
  • the key 50 is received in the support ring 70.
  • the foot 52 and the body 53 through the orifice 95, to the head 51 is housed in the portion 90.
  • the portion 55 is fitted against the surface 92, the ribs 56 are engaged in the grooves 93 and the shoulder 58 abuts against the stop 94, as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the operator positions the sheath 40 on the key 50.
  • the body 53 is disposed in the cavity 45 and is surrounded by the wall 43, while the end 41 abuts against the stop 94 on the opposite side to the shoulder 85.
  • the operator positions the nut 60 at the end of the key 50, with the shoulder 63 and the shoulder 58 facing each other.
  • the tapping 62 is screwed onto the threaded foot 52, with the sleeve 40 which is interposed between the ring 70 and the nut 60.
  • the end 41 is in abutment against the stop 94, while the end 42 is in abutment against the shoulder 63.
  • the wall 43 is fitted radially to the X40 axis, on the one hand, at the end 41, on a stall 59 formed on the key 50 between the body 53 and the shoulder 58 and, secondly, at the end 42, on the threaded foot 52.
  • the connecting device 30 is then assembled, as shown in FIGS. 3, 8 and 9, with the X40, X50, X60 and X90 axes being merged. Subsequently, these axes are designated together under the reference X50.
  • the axis X70 is offset on the side 71 radially and parallel to this axis X50. In other words, the ring 70 is eccentric with respect to the axis X50.
  • the difference between the X50 and X70 axes is equal to the difference e30 between the X14 and X25 axes, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • a second step b the operator positions the tooth 20 on the support 10, with the active part 21 which is oriented so as to be able to scrape and collect materials in operation of the system 1.
  • the hollow portion 22 is fitted on the nose 12, with complementary planes bearing against each other.
  • the ears 23 are received in the housing 13 of the base 1 1.
  • the orifice 24 is placed facing the opening 16 of the housing 14 of the side 4, so that the housing 14 is accessible for the introduction of the device 30 in insertion configuration A.
  • a third step c) the operator positions the preassembled connecting device 30 in the housing 14 of the support 10.
  • the device 30 passes through the orifice 24 and the opening 16 located on the side 4, starting with the nut 60 and ending with the head 51 and the ring 70, with the wall 43 of the sleeve 40 which deforms slightly centripetally through the opening 16.
  • the orientation of the ring 70 by the operator is important at this stage: the side 71 is oriented towards the rear 3, the side 72 is oriented towards the front 2 and the ribs 83 are received in the grooves 26 of the orifice 24. Markers, not shown for purposes of simplification, may be arranged on the part 22 and the device 30 to facilitate this orientation.
  • the nut 60 and its flats 64 are housed in the portion 17 of the housing 14, while the support ring 70 is fitted in the orifice 24, abutting against the shoulder 28.
  • the device 30 is then in insertion configuration A, as shown in FIG.
  • the length of the key 50 along the axis X50 is such that the head 51 does not protrude outside the orifice 24 and is therefore protected.
  • the outer surface 44 of the sleeve 40 is not in contact, or only partially in contact, with the surface of the housing 14.
  • a length LA of the sleeve 40 is delimited by the axial spacing between the ends 41 and 42 of the sleeve 40 , ie between the shoulder 63 and the abutment 94, along the axis X50.
  • a maximum diameter DA of the sleeve 40 is delimited around the key X50 by the surface 44.
  • the axes X14, X25, X50 and X70 are located substantially in the median plane Pm1, containing the axis X1, of the system 1. Nevertheless, except at the nut 60 and flats 64, the connecting device 30 is released in the system 1 and is removable from the housing 14. Indeed, if mechanical stresses are exerted on the active portion 21 of the tooth 20, in particular a downwardly tilting force 7, the portion 22 tends to disengage from the nose 12. In particular, when the orifice 24 is pulled forward 2 and the top 4, a deformation of the wall 43 and 90 can cause tearing of the connecting device 30 out of the housing 14. In other words the device 30, specifically the sleeve 40 and the ring 70, do not exert sufficient retaining forces on the tooth In the insertion configuration A, so that the relative positions of the support 10 and the tooth 20 are not locked.
  • a fourth step d) the operator deforms the sheath 40 in the housing 14 by screwing the key 50 in the nut 60. More specifically, the operator uses a tool to exert a torque screw around the axis X50 according to the direction of rotation R1, on the portion 54 of the head 51, so that the threaded foot 52 enters the tapping 62.
  • the direction of rotation R1 can be marked by a marking, not shown for the sake of simplification, on the head 51 of the key 50, to facilitate the task of the operator.
  • the rigid ribs 56 are rotatable R1 around the key axis X50 elastically deforming the ribs 93 formed in the portion 90 of the ring 70.
  • This portion 90 is made of a material elastically deformable rigid enough to support several assembly and disassembly of the device 30, and thus several screwing and unscrewing of the head 51.
  • the ribs 83 and complementary grooves 26 constitute anti-rotation members of the ring 70 with respect to the orifice 24.
  • the device 30 passes from the insertion configuration A to the locking configuration B.
  • the key 50 is axially locked along the axis X50, unlike the nut 60 which can translate in the portion 17.
  • the rotation of screwing R1 of the key 50 gradually approximates the nut 60 of the head 51, so that the sleeve is compressed along the axis X50 between the shoulder 63 and the stop 94.
  • the wall 43 is deformed with an accentuation of its bending in the middle part, that is to say an intermediate portion between the shoulder 63 and the abutment 94.
  • the outer surface 44 of the sleeve 40 gradually bears against the inner wall 15 of the housing 14.
  • a fifth step e the operator stops the screwing device 30 in the locking configuration B, shown in Figure 9.
  • the key axis X50 is then substantially aligned with the central axis X14 of the housing 14 , while the X70 axis is substantially aligned with the X25 axis.
  • the wall 43 of the sheath 40 is fitted into the housing 14 of the support 10, with the surface 44 conforming to the contours of the wall 15.
  • a length LB of the sheath 40 which is less than the length LA, is delimited by the spacing axial between the ends 41 and 42 of the sleeve 40 along the axis X50.
  • a maximum diameter DB of the sleeve 40 which is greater than the diameter DA, is delimited around the key X50 by the surface 44.
  • the deformation of the wall 43, in a direction of radial expansion, is no longer possible, so that the sheath 40 has a resistance to crushing and therefore to screwing, which is perceptible by the operator.
  • the sleeve 40 is fitted in the housing 14, the head 51 plates the ring 70 in the orifice 24 towards the housing 14 and the support ring 70 retains the tooth 20, thereby forming a connection coupling, in particular, the tooth 20 and the support 10.
  • the device 30 exerts retention forces on this tooth 20 by means of the support ring 70, with the ribbed surface 82 which retains the grooved surface 25, while the stop 94 and the portion 80 retain the shoulder 28.
  • the ring 70 then exerts restraining forces on the portion 25 and the shoulder 28 of the orifice 24, in particular on the side 71.
  • These holding forces are represented by a beam of arrows F30 in FIG. 9.
  • Sleeve 40 is made of a deformable material sufficiently rigid to prevent or reduce the displacements of the device 30 in the housing 14.
  • a metal insert can be molded into the wall 43 of the sleeve 40.
  • the sleeve 40 can not be torn from the housing 14 and the head 51 is held rigidly by the end 41 which encloses the stall 59.
  • the only possible movement, internal to the device 30, is a slight deformation of the portion 90 of the ring 70.
  • the device 30 is irremovable housing 14 and the tooth 20 is pressed against the support 10.
  • the housing 14 and the opening 16 can be offset rearwardly with respect to the orifice 24, so as to accentuate the retaining forces exerted by the device 30 in the orifice 24. in the locking configuration B.
  • the wall 43 of the sleeve 40 bears against the wall 15 of the housing 14 firstly towards the front 2, then towards the sides 4 and 5 and the rear 3, the head 51 the key 50 exerts additional forces on the support ring 70, which retransmits these retaining forces on the portion 25 and the shoulder 28 of the tooth 20.
  • a step f) disassembly the operator can use a tool to unscrew the device 30 in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation R1.
  • the wall 43 of the sheath 40 contracts and the forces exerted by the device 30 on the tooth 20 and in the support 10 relax, from the locking configuration B to the insertion configuration A.
  • the device 30 can be removed of the system 1, removing the coupling connection between the tooth 20 and the support 10.
  • the device 30 allows disassembly of the tooth 20 without hammer, after wear thereof, by reverse operations to the mounting.
  • the device 30 can sometimes be blocked in the housing 14, for example if earth has become lodged in the orifice 24 during operation of the system 1.
  • the operator can introduce a tool through the conduits 19 and 29 into the housing 14, more precisely into the portion 17 for receiving the nut 60.
  • the tool then exerts an upward thrust 4 on the nut 60 and / or the threaded foot 52 of the key 50, thus unlocking the device 30 for its removal from the housing 14.
  • the constituent elements of the system 1 and the connecting device 30 may be shaped differently without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the constituent elements of the device 30 are designed specifically to withstand the wear of the system 1 in operation, as well as to resist multiple assembly and disassembly by a tool.
  • the ribs and grooves, ie the teeth, of the orifice 24, the ring 70 and the key 50 may have different shapes and arrangements suitable for the present application.
  • the ribs 56 distributed around the periphery of the head 51 may be more or less numerous.
  • the grooves 26 formed around the periphery of the orifice 25 may have a triangular shape in section in a plane perpendicular to the axis X25. The ring 70 is then adapted to the aforementioned variants.
  • the portion 90 of the ring 70 can be arranged to facilitate its deformation during the rotation R1.
  • the portion 90 may include localized recesses, distributed on the side 71 between the surfaces 91 and 92, producing a targeted weakening of the portion 90.
  • the housing 14, the opening 16 and the orifice 24 may be more or less offset relative to each other.
  • the housing 14 may be formed in the nose 12 in a direction perpendicular to the current axes X1 and X14, to open at one of the housings 13.
  • the orifice 24 is formed in the corresponding ear 23 of the tooth 20, facing the housing 14.
  • the actuating portion 54 of the key 50 by a tool can be shaped differently.
  • a metal insert may be arranged between the sheath 40 and the key 50, or may be molded directly into the wall 43.
  • the connecting device can be adapted in terms of cost and performance.

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanical system (1) comprising a support (10), a tooth (20) and a device (30) for interconnecting said two components. The device (30) comprises a key (50), a nut (60) and an elastic sheath (40) provided with a wall that is adjustable by deformation in a housing (14) of the support (10), by screwing between the key (50) and the nut (60), between an insertion configuration and a locking configuration. The device (30) also comprises a support ring (70) inserted between the key (50) and an opening (24) made in the tooth (20). In the insertion configuration of the device (30), the support ring (70) is adjusted in the opening (24), while in the locking configuration of the device (30), the support ring (70) exerts retaining forces on the tooth (20). The invention also relates to a heavy-construction machine bucket (G) comprising such a system (1), and to a method for implementing such a system (1).

Description

SYSTEME MECANIQUE COMPRENANT UN DISPOSITIF DE LIAISON ENTRE UNE PIECE D'USURE ET SON SUPPORT, GODET D'ENGIN DE TRAVAUX PUBLICS ET  MECHANICAL SYSTEM COMPRISING A DEVICE FOR CONNECTION BETWEEN A WEAR PIECE AND ITS SUPPORT, PUBLIC WORKS AND WORKS MACHINE BUCKET
PROCEDE DE MISE EN OEUVRE D'UN TEL SYSTEME La présente invention concerne un système mécanique comprenant un support, une pièce d'usure et un dispositif de liaison entre la pièce d'usure et son support, notamment une dent et son support appartenant à un équipement d'engin de travaux publics. L'invention concerne également un godet d'engin de travaux publics comprenant au moins un tel système. Enfin, l'invention concerne un procédé de mise en ouvre d'un tel système.  The present invention relates to a mechanical system comprising a support, a wear part and a connecting device between the wear part and its support, in particular a tooth and its support belonging to a device. construction machinery equipment. The invention also relates to a bucket of construction machinery comprising at least one such system. Finally, the invention relates to a method of implementing such a system.
Le domaine d'application de l'invention est celui des équipements d'engins de travaux publics, en particulier les godets, bennes ou autres réceptacles susceptibles de venir racler, prélever et déplacer des matériaux en vue de leur évacuation d'un lieu donné vers d'autres postes opératoires à l'aide d'engins de travaux publics.  The field of application of the invention is that of equipment of public works machinery, in particular buckets, buckets or other receptacles capable of scraping, removing and moving materials for the purpose of evacuation from a given place to other operating posts using public works machinery.
De manière connue, un godet comporte une lame d'attaque équipée de pièces d'usure prévues pour leur capacité de pénétration du matériau et de protection des autres éléments constitutifs du godet. Sur les lames d'attaque sont fixés des supports-adapteurs disposant d'un nez profilé, tandis que les pièces d'usure sont des dents ou des boucliers qui viennent se positionner sur le support-adapteur selon une liaison précise. Cette liaison est temporaire pour autoriser le remplacement des pièces d'usure après usure.  In known manner, a bucket comprises a driving blade equipped with wear parts provided for their ability to penetrate the material and protection of the other components of the bucket. On the attacking blades are fixed adapter-holders having a profiled nose, while the wear parts are teeth or shields which are positioned on the support-adapter in a precise connection. This connection is temporary to allow the replacement of wearing parts after wear.
La liaison entre la pièce d'usure et son support peut être réalisée par un clavetage. Pour être performants, les dispositifs de clavetage doivent assurer une liaison rigide des éléments qu'ils réunissent. De manière classique, le montage et le démontage des clavetages s'effectuent par l'action d'outils de frappe, avec le risque de blessures pour les opérateurs.  The connection between the wear part and its support can be achieved by a keying. To be effective, the keying devices must provide a rigid connection of the elements they bring together. Conventionally, the assembly and disassembly of the keyings are performed by the action of striking tools, with the risk of injury to operators.
On connaît également des dispositifs de clavetage qui ne requièrent pas l'usage d'outils de frappe. Dans ce cas, des équipements spéciaux contraignants sont nécessaires, notamment pour le démontage de la pièce d'usure. D'autre part, les dispositifs connus sont complexes à fabriquer et à utiliser.  Locking devices are also known which do not require the use of striking tools. In this case, special binding equipment is necessary, especially for dismantling the wear part. On the other hand, the known devices are complex to manufacture and use.
FR-A-2 878 871 décrit un dispositif de liaison par clavetage entre une pièce d'usure et son support. Sur l'exemple des figures 5 à 7, le dispositif comprend deux cylindres métalliques qui se vissent l'un sur l'autre et un fourreau en caoutchouc placé entre les deux. Le vissage des deux cylindres déforme le fourreau dans un logement du support, tandis que les cylindres sont logés dans des orifices de la pièce d'usure. La liaison assurée par un tel dispositif manque de rigidité, d'efficacité et de fiabilité. En particulier, les cylindriques ne se trouvent pas systématiquement en position de contact arrière pour assurer la retenue de la dent. FR-A-2,878,871 discloses a connecting device by keying between a wear part and its support. In the example of Figures 5 to 7, the device comprises two metal cylinders which are screwed to one another and a rubber sleeve placed between the two. The screwing of the two cylinders deforms the sleeve in a housing of the support, while the cylinders are housed in the openings of the wear part. The connection provided by such a device lacks rigidity, efficiency and reliability. In In particular, the cylinders are not systematically in the rear contact position to ensure the retention of the tooth.
US-A-2009/205228 décrit un autre dispositif de liaison entre une pièce d'usure et son support. Ce dispositif comprend une clavette, un écrou, un fourreau et une bague d'appui. Le fourreau est disposé dans un logement du support. Dans une configuration d'insertion du dispositif de liaison, seuls la clavette, l'écrou et la bague sont amovibles de ce logement. Pour sa part, le fourreau ne peut pas être retiré de ce logement sans démontage de la dent. Lorsque le dispositif est inséré dans le logement, l'action d'un outil permet de réaliser un engagement en force par friction entre, d'une part, la clavette et le fourreau et, d'autre part, l'écrou et le fourreau, au niveau des différentes surfaces tronconiques formées sur ces éléments constitutifs du dispositif de liaison. Le fourreau comporte une nervure qui, par appui dans une rainure formée dans le logement du support, empêche la rotation du dispositif de liaison lors de l'action de l'outil. Le matériau du fourreau n'est pas élastiquement déformable, en vue de montages et démontages successifs, dans les conditions de fonctionnement de l'invention. Ce dispositif n'est pas entièrement satisfaisant, notamment en termes de simplicité d'utilisation et de résistance à l'usure.  US-A-2009/205228 discloses another connecting device between a wear part and its support. This device comprises a key, a nut, a sleeve and a support ring. The sleeve is arranged in a housing of the support. In an insertion configuration of the connecting device, only the key, the nut and the ring are removable from this housing. For its part, the sheath can not be removed from this housing without disassembly of the tooth. When the device is inserted into the housing, the action of a tool makes it possible to achieve a frictional force engagement between the key and the sleeve and the nut and the sheath. , at the level of the different frustoconical surfaces formed on these constituent elements of the connecting device. The sleeve comprises a rib which, by pressing into a groove formed in the housing of the support, prevents the rotation of the connecting device during the action of the tool. The material of the sleeve is not elastically deformable, for successive assembly and disassembly, under the operating conditions of the invention. This device is not entirely satisfactory, especially in terms of simplicity of use and wear resistance.
Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un dispositif de liaison amélioré, permettant de s'affranchir des opérations de frappe pour le montage comme pour le démontage des pièces d'usure. En particulier, l'invention vise un dispositif de liaison par clavetage performant, fiable, résistant, simple et pratique.  The object of the present invention is to provide an improved connection device, making it possible to dispense with striking operations for mounting and for dismantling wear parts. In particular, the invention is directed to a high-performance, reliable, resistant, simple and practical keying device.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un système mécanique, comprenant un support, une pièce d'usure et un dispositif de liaison entre la pièce d'usure et son support, notamment entre une dent de godet et son support qui appartiennent à un équipement d'engin de travaux publics, le dispositif de liaison comprenant :  For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a mechanical system, comprising a support, a wear part and a device for connecting the wear part and its support, in particular between a bucket tooth and its support which belong to a construction machinery equipment, the connecting device comprising:
- une clavette comportant un corps allongé suivant un axe de clavette entre un pied fileté et une tête,  a key having an elongate body along a key axis between a threaded foot and a head,
- un écrou apte à être vissé sur le pied fileté de la clavette, et  a nut that can be screwed onto the threaded foot of the key, and
- un fourreau en matériau élastiquement déformable, muni d'une paroi agencée autour du corps et ajustable par déformation dans un logement du support, par vissage entre le pied fileté de la clavette et l'écrou, entre une configuration d'insertion où le dispositif de liaison est amovible du logement et une configuration de verrouillage où la paroi du fourreau est ajustée dans le logement.  a sheath of elastically deformable material, provided with a wall arranged around the body and adjustable by deformation in a housing of the support, by screwing between the threaded foot of the key and the nut, between an insertion configuration where the device link is removable from the housing and a locking configuration where the wall of the sleeve is fitted into the housing.
Le système mécanique est caractérisé : The mechanical system is characterized:
- en ce que le dispositif de liaison comprend également une bague d'appui interposée entre, d'une part, un orifice ménagé dans la pièce d'usure en regard d'une ouverture débouchante du logement et, d'autre part, la clavette mobile dans la bague d'appui en rotation de vissage autour de l'axe de clavette, in that the connecting device also comprises a support ring interposed between, on the one hand, an orifice formed in the wearing part facing each other; an opening opening the housing and, secondly, the movable key in the support ring in rotation of screwing around the key axis,
- en ce que dans la configuration d'insertion du dispositif de liaison, la bague d'appui est ajustée dans l'orifice,  in that in the insertion configuration of the connecting device, the support ring is fitted into the orifice,
- et en ce que dans la configuration de verrouillage du dispositif de liaison, la bague d'appui exerce des efforts de retenue sur la pièce d'usure.  - And in that in the locking configuration of the connecting device, the support ring exerts retention forces on the wear part.
Ainsi, l'invention permet de réaliser une liaison rigide entre la pièce d'usure, notamment une dent de godet, et son support, avec une grande simplicité et des performances élevées. Grâce à la bague d'appui qui est ajustée, à la fois en configuration d'insertion et en configuration de verrouillage, dans l'orifice ménagé dans la dent, le dispositif se trouve systématiquement en position de contact arrière pour retenir la dent en configuration de verrouillage. En outre, grâce au matériau élastiquement déformable du fourreau, le dispositif de liaison peut être ajusté de manière satisfaisante dans le logement du support et est bien adapté à plusieurs montages et démontages successifs en service. La clavette, l'écrou, le fourreau et la bague sont amovibles entre eux en configuration d'insertion et solidaires en configuration de verrouillage. De ce fait, le dispositif de liaison selon l'invention est simple à fabriquer et à mettre en œuvre. Le montage et le démontage du système mécanique sont réalisables avec un gain de temps conséquent et un risque de blessure réduit.  Thus, the invention makes it possible to form a rigid connection between the wear part, in particular a bucket tooth, and its support, with great simplicity and high performances. Thanks to the support ring which is adjusted, both in the insertion configuration and in the locking configuration, in the orifice formed in the tooth, the device is always in the rear contact position to retain the tooth in configuration. locking. In addition, thanks to the elastically deformable material of the sheath, the connecting device can be adjusted satisfactorily in the housing of the support and is well adapted to several successive assembly and disassembly in service. The key, the nut, the sheath and the ring are removable together in insertion configuration and secured in locking configuration. As a result, the connecting device according to the invention is simple to manufacture and to implement. The assembly and disassembly of the mechanical system is feasible with a consequent time saving and a reduced risk of injury.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, prises isolément ou en combinaison :  According to other advantageous features of the invention, taken separately or in combination:
- En configuration de verrouillage, la bague d'appui exerce des efforts de retenue, d'une part, sur une surface latérale de l'orifice et, d'autre part, sur un épaulement transverse de l'orifice.  In the locking configuration, the support ring exerts retention forces on the one hand on a lateral surface of the orifice and, on the other hand, on a transverse shoulder of the orifice.
- L'orifice et la bague d'appui présentent des surfaces latérales complémentaires globalement centrées sur un axe secondaire décalé d'un écart parallèlement et radialement à l'axe central du logement.  - The orifice and the support ring have complementary lateral surfaces generally centered on a secondary axis offset by a gap parallel and radially to the central axis of the housing.
- L'orifice et la bague d'appui comportent des éléments de solidarisation antirotation lors du vissage.  - The orifice and the support ring comprise anti-rotation fastening elements during screwing.
- La tête de la clavette comporte des nervures rigides qui s'étendent radialement et parallèlement à l'axe de clavette et qui sont, d'une part, à la fois dans la configuration d'insertion et dans la configuration de verrouillage, engagées dans des nervures élastiquement déformables ménagées dans la bague d'appui et, d'autre part, lors du vissage de la clavette, mobiles en rotation autour de l'axe de clavette en déformant élastiquement les nervures de la bague d'appui. - La bague d'appui est constituée par une partie externe rigide ajustable dans l'orifice et une partie interne élastiquement déformable dans laquelle est positionnée la clavette, la partie externe rigide et la partie interne élastiquement déformable étant solidarisées en rotation, notamment par collage ou thermocollage. - The head of the key comprises rigid ribs which extend radially and parallel to the key axis and which are, on the one hand, both in the insertion configuration and in the locking configuration, engaged in elastically deformable ribs formed in the support ring and, secondly, during the screwing of the key, movable in rotation about the key axis by elastically deforming the ribs of the support ring. - The support ring is constituted by a rigid outer portion adjustable in the orifice and an elastically deformable inner portion in which is positioned the key, the rigid outer portion and the elastically deformable inner portion being secured in rotation, in particular by gluing or fusing.
- L'écrou comporte au moins un méplat apte à coopérer, à la fois en configuration d'insertion et en configuration de verrouillage, avec un méplat correspondant ménagé dans une partie du logement.  - The nut comprises at least one flat capable of cooperating, both in the insertion configuration and in the locking configuration, with a corresponding flat portion in a part of the housing.
- Le support comporte un conduit débouchant dans le logement d'un côté opposé à l'ouverture débouchante et à l'orifice, la pièce d'usure comporte un conduit traversant du côté opposé à l'orifice, et le conduit du support et le conduit de la pièce d'usure sont sensiblement alignés et aptes à recevoir un outil pénétrant jusque dans le logement, lorsque le système mécanique est assemblé, notamment aptes à recevoir un outil pénétrant jusque dans une partie de réception de l'écrou dans le logement.  - The support comprises a duct opening into the housing on a side opposite to the opening opening and the orifice, the wear part comprises a conduit passing on the opposite side to the orifice, and the conduit of the support and the conduit of the wear part are substantially aligned and adapted to receive a penetrating tool into the housing, when the mechanical system is assembled, in particular adapted to receive a penetrating tool into a receiving portion of the nut in the housing.
L'invention a également pour objet un godet d'engin de travaux publics, comprenant au moins un système mécanique tel que mentionné ci-dessus. En pratique, le godet comprend généralement une série de supports recevant chacun une dent, qui se comporte comme une pièce d'usure et est solidarisée à son support par un dispositif de liaison.  The invention also relates to a bucket of construction machinery, comprising at least one mechanical system as mentioned above. In practice, the bucket generally comprises a series of supports each receiving a tooth, which behaves as a wear part and is secured to its support by a connecting device.
En alternative, d'autres équipements d'engin de travaux publics peuvent également être équipés du système mécanique selon l'invention.  Alternatively, other equipment of public works can also be equipped with the mechanical system according to the invention.
Enfin, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de mise en œuvre d'un système mécanique tel que mentionné ci-dessus. Le procédé est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des étapes suivantes :  Finally, the subject of the invention is a method for implementing a mechanical system as mentioned above. The method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
a) assembler le dispositif de liaison,  a) assembling the connecting device,
b) positionner la pièce d'usure sur le support ;  b) position the wear part on the support;
c) positionner le dispositif de liaison dans le logement du support, dans la configuration d'insertion où la bague d'appui est ajustée dans l'orifice et le dispositif de liaison est amovible du logement,  c) positioning the connecting device in the support housing, in the insertion configuration where the support ring is fitted in the orifice and the connecting device is removable from the housing,
d) déformer le fourreau dans le logement par vissage du pied fileté de la clavette dans l'écrou ;  d) deform the sleeve in the housing by screwing the threaded foot of the key in the nut;
e) arrêter le vissage, dans la configuration de verrouillage où la paroi du fourreau est ajustée dans le logement et la bague d'appui exerce des efforts de retenue sur la pièce d'usure.  e) stopping the screwing, in the locking configuration where the wall of the sleeve is fitted in the housing and the support ring exerts retention forces on the wear part.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif et faite en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels : - la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un système mécanique conforme à l'invention, comprenant un support solidaire d'un godet partiellement représenté, une pièce d'usure, ainsi qu'un dispositif de liaison de la pièce d'usure et du support, ce dispositif de liaison étant montré dans une configuration de verrouillage et comprenant un fourreau, une clavette filetée, un écrou et une bague d'appui ; The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a mechanical system according to the invention, comprising a support integral with a bucket partially shown, a wear part, and a connecting device of the wear part and the support, which connecting device is shown in a locking configuration and comprising a sheath, a threaded key, a nut and a support ring;
- la figure 2 est une vue de face du système mécanique selon la flèche II à la figure 1 ;  FIG. 2 is a front view of the mechanical system according to arrow II in FIG. 1;
- la figure 3 est une autre vue en perspective, éclatée, du système mécanique de la figure 1 ;  FIG. 3 is another exploded perspective view of the mechanical system of FIG. 1;
- la figure 4 est une vue en perspective de la clavette appartenant au dispositif de liaison ;  - Figure 4 is a perspective view of the key belonging to the connecting device;
- la figure 5 est une vue en perspective de la bague d'appui appartenant au dispositif de liaison ;  - Figure 5 is a perspective view of the support ring belonging to the connecting device;
- la figure 6 est une vue en perspective du fourreau appartenant au dispositif de liaison ;  - Figure 6 is a perspective view of the sleeve belonging to the connecting device;
- la figure 7 est une vue en perspective de l'écrou appartenant au dispositif de liaison ;  - Figure 7 is a perspective view of the nut belonging to the connecting device;
- la figure 8 est une coupe selon la ligne VIII-VII I à la figure 2, montrant le système mécanique et le dispositif de liaison dans une configuration d'insertion ; et  - Figure 8 is a section along the line VIII-VII I in Figure 2, showing the mechanical system and the connecting device in an insertion configuration; and
- la figure 9 est une coupe analogue à la figure 8, montrant le système mécanique et le dispositif de liaison dans la configuration de verrouillage.  - Figure 9 is a section similar to Figure 8, showing the mechanical system and the connecting device in the locking configuration.
Sur les figures 1 à 9 est représenté un système mécanique 1 conforme à l'invention, équipant un godet G d'engin de travaux publics.  In Figures 1 to 9 is shown a mechanical system 1 according to the invention, equipping a bucket G of public works machinery.
Le système mécanique 1 comprend un adapteur-support 10, une pièce d'usure 20 du type dent, ainsi qu'un dispositif 30 de liaison entre le support 10 et la dent 20. Le système 1 s'étend sensiblement suivant un axe X1 , le long duquel on définit une première direction D1 d'emmanchement de la dent 20 sur le support 10 et une deuxième direction D2, parallèle et opposé à la première direction D1 , de démontage de la dent 20.  The mechanical system 1 comprises an adapter-support 10, a wear part 20 of the tooth type, as well as a device 30 connecting the support 10 and the tooth 20. The system 1 extends substantially along an axis X1, along which one defines a first direction D1 of fitting of the tooth 20 on the support 10 and a second direction D2, parallel and opposite to the first direction D1, disassembly of the tooth 20.
Le godet G est partiellement représenté aux figures 1 et 3, dans un but de simplification. Le support 10 est solidaire du godet G, tandis que la dent 20 est une pièce d'usure destinée à être démontée lorsqu'elle est trop usée par le fonctionnement du godet G.  Bucket G is partially shown in Figures 1 and 3, for simplification purposes. The support 10 is integral with the bucket G, while the tooth 20 is a wear part to be disassembled when it is too worn by the operation of the bucket G.
Le dispositif de liaison 30 comprend un fourreau 40, une clavette filetée ou vis 50 qui traverse le fourreau 40, ainsi qu'un écrou 60 et une bague d'appui 70 disposés de part et d'autre du fourreau 40 et coopérant avec la clavette 50. Le dispositif 30 peut être inséré dans un logement 14 du support 10, dans une configuration d'insertion A montrée à la figure 8. Le vissage relatif de l'écrou 60 et de la clavette 50, suivant un sens de rotation R1 , déforme le fourreau 40 interposé entre eux, depuis la configuration d'insertion A vers une configuration de verrouillage B montrée aux figures 1 et 9. The connecting device 30 comprises a sleeve 40, a threaded key or screw 50 which passes through the sleeve 40, and a nut 60 and a support ring 70 disposed on either side of the sleeve 40 and cooperating with the key 50. The device 30 can be inserted into a housing 14 of the support 10, in an insertion configuration A shown in FIG. 8. The relative screwing of the nut 60 and the key 50, in a direction of rotation R1, deforms the sheath 40 interposed between them, from the insertion configuration A to a locking configuration B shown in FIGS. 9.
Ainsi, le dispositif 30 est ajustable entre, d'une part, la configuration d'insertion A où le fourreau 40 n'est pas en contact ou est seulement partiellement en contact avec le logement 14, tandis que le dispositif 30 n'exerce pas d'effort de retenue sur la dent 20 et, d'autre part, la configuration de verrouillage B où le fourreau 40 est ajusté dans le logement 14 du support 10, tandis que le dispositif 30, plus précisément la bague d'appui 70, appuie contre la dent 20, formant alors une liaison d'accouplement entre la dent 20 et son support 10.  Thus, the device 30 is adjustable between, on the one hand, the insertion configuration A where the sleeve 40 is not in contact or only partially in contact with the housing 14, while the device 30 does not exert retaining force on the tooth 20 and, on the other hand, the locking configuration B where the sleeve 40 is fitted in the housing 14 of the support 10, whereas the device 30, more precisely the support ring 70, bears against the tooth 20, forming a coupling connection between the tooth 20 and its support 10.
Pour faciliter le repérage des différentes parties du système mécanique 1 dans l'espace, on définit un côté avant 2 au niveau duquel est située la dent 20, un côté arrière 3 au niveau duquel est situé le support 10, un côté supérieur 4 qui est orienté à l'opposé du sol lorsque le système 1 est assemblé et à partir duquel le dispositif 30 est inséré dans le support 10, un côté gauche 5 et un côté droit 6 localisés par rapport à la direction de démontage D2, ainsi qu'un côté inférieur 7 orienté vers le sol lorsque le système 1 est assemblé.  In order to facilitate the identification of the different parts of the mechanical system 1 in the space, a front side 2 is defined at the level of which the tooth 20 is located, a rear side 3 at the level of which the support 10 is located, an upper side 4 which is oriented away from the ground when the system 1 is assembled and from which the device 30 is inserted into the support 10, a left side 5 and a right side 6 located with respect to the disassembly direction D2, and a lower side 7 facing the ground when the system 1 is assembled.
Le support 10 comprend une base 1 1 , partiellement représentée aux figures 1 à 3, 8 et 9. Le support 10 comprend également un nez d'emmanchement 12 prévu pour être engagé dans une cavité 22C de la dent 20 conformée à cet effet, comme montré aux figures 8 et 9. En outre, un logement 13 de réception des oreilles 23 de la dent 20 est ménagé de chaque côté 5 et 6 de la base 1 1 . Chaque logement 13 comporte des parois situées vers l'arrière 3, le haut 4 et le bas 7. Le logement 13 est ouvert vers l'avant 2 afin de recevoir les oreilles 23.  The support 10 comprises a base 11, partially shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 8 and 9. The support 10 also comprises a fitting nose 12 intended to be engaged in a cavity 22C of the tooth 20 shaped for this purpose, as shown in Figures 8 and 9. In addition, a housing 13 for receiving the lugs 23 of the tooth 20 is formed on each side 5 and 6 of the base January 1. Each housing 13 has walls located towards the rear 3, the top 4 and the bottom 7. The housing 13 is open towards the front 2 in order to receive the ears 23.
Le logement 14 est ménagé dans le nez 12 du support 10, suivant un axe X14 incliné d'un angle a14 par rapport à l'axe X1 , entre l'intérieur du nez 12 et une ouverture 16 débouchante du côté supérieur 4. A titre d'exemple non limitatif montré en particulier aux figures 8 et 9, l'angle a14 est égal à 70 °, de préférence compris entre 50 et 90°. L'angle a14 est mesuré à l'opposé de la base 1 1 par rapport au point d'intersection de X1 et X14. Le logement 14 comporte, d'une part, une paroi intérieure 15 d'ajustement du fourreau 40 et, d'autre part, une partie 17 de réception de l'écrou 60, qui est ménagée dans le nez 12 à l'opposé de l'ouverture 16. La paroi 15 forme un ellipsoïde de révolution autour de l'axe X14, tronqué au niveau de l'ouverture 16 et de la partie 17. La partie 17 présente une forme sensiblement cylindrique centrée sur l'axe X14 et est munie de deux méplats, non représentés et diamétralement opposés par rapport à l'axe X14, pour le blocage en rotation de l'écrou 60. De préférence, un conduit 19 de guidage d'un outil de déblocage de l'écrou 60 s'étend entre la partie 17 et le côté inférieur 7 du nez 12, comme montré aux figures 8 et 9. The housing 14 is formed in the nose 12 of the support 10, along an axis X14 inclined at an angle a14 with respect to the axis X1, between the inside of the nose 12 and an opening 16 opening on the upper side 4. As a of non-limiting example shown in particular in Figures 8 and 9, the angle a14 is equal to 70 °, preferably between 50 and 90 °. The angle a14 is measured opposite the base 1 1 with respect to the point of intersection of X1 and X14. The housing 14 comprises, on the one hand, an inner wall 15 for adjusting the sheath 40 and, on the other hand, a portion 17 for receiving the nut 60, which is formed in the nose 12 opposite the the opening 16. The wall 15 forms an ellipsoid of revolution about the axis X14, truncated at the opening 16 and the portion 17. The portion 17 has a substantially cylindrical shape centered on the axis X14 and is provided with two flats, not shown and diametrically opposed with respect to the axis X14, for the locking in rotation of the nut 60. Preferably, a conduit 19 for guiding a tool of Unlocking the nut 60 extends between the portion 17 and the lower side 7 of the nose 12, as shown in Figures 8 and 9.
La dent 20 comprend une partie active 21 située vers l'avant 2 et une partie creuse 22 orientée vers l'arrière 3. De manière connue en soi, la partie 21 est prévue pour racler et prélever des matériaux, par exemple de la terre ou des graviers, tandis que la partie 22 est prévue pour l'emmanchement de la dent 20 sur le support 10. Plus précisément, la partie 22 comprend la cavité intérieure 22C, visible aux figures 8 et 9, conformée pour l'emmanchement sur le nez 12 du support 10, ainsi que les oreilles 23 qui sont orientées vers l'arrière 3 et prévues pour être reçues dans les logements 13, en contact vers le haut 4 et le bas 7, comme montré à la figure 1 .  The tooth 20 comprises an active portion 21 located forwardly 2 and a hollow portion 22 facing rearward 3. In a manner known per se, the portion 21 is intended to scrape and remove materials, for example earth or gravel, while the portion 22 is provided for the fitting of the tooth 20 on the support 10. More specifically, the portion 22 comprises the internal cavity 22C, visible in Figures 8 and 9, shaped for fitting on the nose 12 of the support 10, as well as the lugs 23 which are directed towards the rear 3 and intended to be received in the housings 13, in contact upwards 4 and the bottom 7, as shown in FIG.
Un orifice traversant 24 est ménagé dans la partie creuse 22 de la dent 20, entre le côté supérieur 4 et la cavité 22C. Cet orifice 24 est positionné en regard de l'ouverture 15 du logement 14 lorsque la dent 20 est emmanchée sur le support 10, permettant ainsi l'insertion du dispositif 30 dans le logement 14, puis la mise en œuvre du dispositif 30. Comme montré en particulier aux figures 3, 8 et 9, l'orifice 24 comprend une première partie 25 munie d'une surface latérale cylindrique dans laquelle sont ménagées des rainures 26, une deuxième partie cylindrique 27 débouchant dans la cavité 24C, ainsi qu'un épaulement 28 transverse reliant les parties 25 et 27. La partie 25 est globalement centrée sur un axe X25, l'épaulement 28 s'étend radialement à cet axe X25, tandis que la partie 27 est légèrement excentrée vers l'avant 2 par rapport à l'axe X25. Les rainures 26 s'étendent radialement et parallèlement à l'axe X25. Les dimensions radiales de la partie 27 sont inférieures aux dimensions radiales à l'axe X25 de la partie 25, de sorte que l'épaulement 28 est tourné du côté supérieur 4. Un chanfrein 24C est ménagé du côté 4, entre la partie 25 et l'extérieur de l'orifice 24, pour faciliter l'introduction du dispositif 30. Les rainures 26 débouchent de la partie 25 dans le chanfrein 24C. L'orifice 24 est prévu pour recevoir le dispositif 30, plus précisément la bague d'appui 70, en appui contre la dent 20, dans la configuration de verrouillage B détaillée ci-après.  A through hole 24 is formed in the hollow portion 22 of the tooth 20, between the upper side 4 and the cavity 22C. This orifice 24 is positioned facing the opening 15 of the housing 14 when the tooth 20 is fitted on the support 10, thus allowing the device 30 to be inserted in the housing 14, and then the device 30 is put into operation. As shown in particular in FIGS. 3, 8 and 9, the orifice 24 comprises a first portion 25 provided with a cylindrical lateral surface in which grooves 26 are formed, a second cylindrical portion 27 opening into the cavity 24C, as well as a shoulder 28 The portion 25 is generally centered on an axis X25, the shoulder 28 extends radially to this axis X25, while the portion 27 is slightly eccentric forwardly 2 relative to the axis X25. X25 axis. The grooves 26 extend radially and parallel to the axis X25. The radial dimensions of the portion 27 are smaller than the radial dimensions at the X25 axis of the portion 25, so that the shoulder 28 is turned on the upper side 4. A chamfer 24C is provided on the side 4, between the part 25 and the outside of the orifice 24, to facilitate the introduction of the device 30. The grooves 26 open from the portion 25 in the chamfer 24C. The orifice 24 is provided to receive the device 30, more precisely the support ring 70, bearing against the tooth 20, in the locking configuration B detailed below.
De préférence, un conduit 29 de guidage d'un outil de déblocage de l'écrou 60 s'étend entre la cavité 22C et le côté inférieur 7 de la partie 22, comme montré aux figures 3, 8 et 9. Le conduit 29 est sensiblement aligné avec le conduit 19 lorsque le système 1 est assemblé, permettant ainsi l'introduction d'un outil jusque dans la partie 17 du logement 14.  Preferably, a conduit 29 for guiding a tool for unblocking the nut 60 extends between the cavity 22C and the lower side 7 of the part 22, as shown in FIGS. 3, 8 and 9. The conduit 29 is substantially aligned with the duct 19 when the system 1 is assembled, thus allowing the introduction of a tool into the portion 17 of the housing 14.
Lorsque le système 1 est assemblé, avec la dent 20 emmanchée sur le support 10, les axes X1 , X14 et X25 sont situés dans un même plan médian Pm1 du système 1 . Plus précisément, l'axe X25 est décalé parallèlement et radialement à l'axe X14, selon un écart e30 vers l'arrière 3. Le fourreau 40 est en matériau élastiquement déformable, par exemple en élastomère. Comme montré en particulier à la figure 6, le fourreau 40 est allongé entre des extrémités longitudinales 41 et 42 suivant un axe central X40. Dans la configuration d'insertion A, l'extrémité 41 est située du côté 4, tandis que l'extrémité 42 est située du côté 7. Cette distinction est réalisée dans un but de repérage spatial uniquement, étant entendu que les extrémités 41 et 42 sont réversibles. Le fourreau 40 comprend une paroi 43, qui est centrée sur l'axe X40 et bombée radialement à l'opposé de cet axe X40. La paroi 43 délimite une surface externe 44 formant un ellipsoïde de révolution autour de l'axe X40, tronqué au niveau des extrémités 41 et 42. La paroi 43 délimite également une cavité intérieure 45, qui est centrée sur l'axe X40, débouchante au niveau des extrémités 41 et 42 et prévue pour recevoir la clavette 50, avec un écart radial ménagé entre le fourreau 40 et la clavette 50. En pratique, la paroi 15 et la surface externe 44 présentent des formes sensiblement complémentaires en configuration de verrouillage B, de manière que la paroi 43 du fourreau 40 puisse être ajustée dans le logement 14 du support 10 en épousant ses contours intérieurs définis par la paroi 15. When the system 1 is assembled, with the tooth 20 fitted on the support 10, the axes X1, X14 and X25 are located in the same median plane Pm1 of the system 1. More precisely, the axis X25 is offset parallel and radially to the axis X14, with a gap e30 towards the rear 3. The sheath 40 is of elastically deformable material, for example elastomer. As shown in particular in Figure 6, the sleeve 40 is elongate between longitudinal ends 41 and 42 along a central axis X40. In the insertion configuration A, the end 41 is located on the side 4, while the end 42 is on the side 7. This distinction is made for the purpose of spatial identification only, it being understood that the ends 41 and 42 are reversible. The sheath 40 comprises a wall 43, which is centered on the axis X40 and curved radially away from this axis X40. The wall 43 defines an outer surface 44 forming an ellipsoid of revolution about the axis X40, truncated at the ends 41 and 42. The wall 43 also defines an interior cavity 45, which is centered on the axis X40, opening at level of the ends 41 and 42 and provided to receive the key 50, with a radial gap between the sleeve 40 and the key 50. In practice, the wall 15 and the outer surface 44 have substantially complementary shapes in the locking configuration B, so that the wall 43 of the sheath 40 can be adjusted in the housing 14 of the support 10 by marrying its inner contours defined by the wall 15.
La clavette 50 est métallique, par exemple en acier. Comme montré en particulier à la figure 4, la clavette 50 comprend un corps 53 allongé suivant un axe X50 entre une tête 51 et un pied fileté 52. Plus précisément, la tête 51 comprend une partie hexagonale 54 d'actionnement par un outil, non représenté dans un but de simplification, une partie cylindrique externe 55 munie de nervures rigides 56, un évidement 57 ménagé entre les parties 54 et 55 pour faciliter l'accès de l'outil à la partie 54, ainsi qu'une partie d'appui inférieur 58 formant un épaulement orienté vers le pied 52. Les nervures 56 s'étendent radialement et parallèlement à l'axe X50 et sont prévues pour coopérer avec la bague d'appui 70. Le centre de gravité de la clavette 50 est situé sur l'axe X50. A l'exception du filetage du pied 52, de la partie 54 et des nervures 56, la clavette 50 est une pièce de révolution autour de l'axe X50, sans partie excentrique.  The key 50 is metallic, for example steel. As shown in particular in Figure 4, the key 50 comprises a body 53 elongated along an axis X50 between a head 51 and a threaded foot 52. More specifically, the head 51 comprises a hexagonal portion 54 of actuation by a tool, no shown for simplification purposes, an outer cylindrical portion 55 provided with rigid ribs 56, a recess 57 formed between the parts 54 and 55 to facilitate access of the tool to the portion 54, and a bearing portion lower 58 forming a shoulder oriented towards the foot 52. The ribs 56 extend radially and parallel to the axis X50 and are provided to cooperate with the support ring 70. The center of gravity of the key 50 is located on the X50 axis. With the exception of the threading of the foot 52, the portion 54 and the ribs 56, the key 50 is a piece of revolution about the axis X50, without an eccentric portion.
L'écrou 60 est métallique, par exemple en acier similaire à celui de la clavette 50. Comme montré en particulier à la figure 7, l'écrou 60 comprend une surface extérieure cylindrique 61 et un alésage intérieur taraudé 62 qui sont centrés sur un axe X60 et reliés par un épaulement 63 radial à l'axe X60. Le taraudage de l'alésage 62 est complémentaire du filetage du pied 52 de la clavette 50. L'épaulement 63 est prévu pour recevoir l'extrémité 42 du fourreau 40 en appui. Des méplats 64, diamétralement opposés par rapport à l'axe X60, sont ménagés dans la surface 61 . La surface 61 est conformée pour être reçue dans la partie 17 du logement 14, avec les méplats 64 qui coopèrent, à la fois en configuration d'insertion A et en configuration de verrouillage B, avec les méplats correspondant ménagés dans cette partie 17. L'axe X60 est alors aligné avec l'axe X14. L'écrou 60 logé dans la partie 17 est donc mobile en translation suivant l'axe X14, mais bloqué en rotation autour de l'axe X14. The nut 60 is metallic, for example made of steel similar to that of the key 50. As shown in particular in FIG. 7, the nut 60 comprises a cylindrical outer surface 61 and a tapped internal bore 62 which are centered on an axis X60 and connected by a shoulder 63 radial to the axis X60. The tapping of the bore 62 is complementary to the thread of the foot 52 of the key 50. The shoulder 63 is provided to receive the end 42 of the sheath 40 in support. Flats 64, diametrically opposed with respect to the axis X60, are formed in the surface 61. The surface 61 is shaped to be received in the portion 17 of the housing 14, with the flats 64 which cooperate, both in the insertion configuration A and in the locking configuration B, with the corresponding flats formed in this portion 17. L X60 axis is then aligned with the X14 axis. The nut 60 housed in the portion 17 is movable in translation along the axis X14, but locked in rotation about the axis X14.
La bague d'appui 70 présente une forme globalement cylindrique centrée sur un axe X70. Comme montré en particulier à la figure 5, la bague 70 est constituée par une partie externe rigide 80 ajustable dans l'orifice 24, ainsi qu'une partie interne 90 élastiquement déformable 90 dans laquelle la clavette 50 peut être positionnée. Par exemple, la partie 80 est métallique, tandis que la partie 90 est en élastomère.  The support ring 70 has a generally cylindrical shape centered on an axis X70. As shown in particular in Figure 5, the ring 70 is constituted by a rigid outer portion 80 adjustable in the orifice 24, and an inner portion 90 resiliently deformable 90 in which the key 50 can be positioned. For example, the portion 80 is metallic, while the portion 90 is elastomeric.
La partie 80 comprend une paroi mince délimitée par une surface cylindrique intérieure 81 et par une surface cylindrique extérieure 82 munie de nervures 83. Les surfaces 81 et 82 sont centrées sur un axe X80 qui est confondu avec l'axe X70. Les nervures 83 s'étendent radialement et parallèlement à l'axe X80 et sont prévues pour être logées dans les rainures 26 de l'orifice 24.  The portion 80 comprises a thin wall defined by an inner cylindrical surface 81 and an outer cylindrical surface 82 provided with ribs 83. The surfaces 81 and 82 are centered on an axis X80 which coincides with the axis X70. The ribs 83 extend radially and parallel to the axis X80 and are intended to be housed in the grooves 26 of the orifice 24.
La partie 90 comprend une surface cylindrique extérieure 91 , une surface cylindrique intérieure 92 munie de rainures 93, ainsi qu'une butée radiale 94. La surface 91 est centrée sur l'axe X70, tandis que la surface 92 est centrée sur un axe X90 décalé radialement et parallèlement à l'axe X70. Ainsi, la partie 90 est plus épaisse radialement à l'axe X70 sur un côté 71 de la bague 70 et plus mince sur un côté 72, opposé diamétralement au côté 71 , de la bague 70. Les rainures 93 s'étendent radialement et parallèlement à l'axe X90 et sont prévues pour recevoir les nervures 56 de la clavette 50. La butée 94 est centrée sur l'axe X90 et s'étend radialement en direction de cet axe X90 depuis une des bordures axiales de la surface 92. La butée 94 délimite radialement un orifice 95 centré sur l'axe X90 et traversant la bague 70 suivant cet axe X90.  The portion 90 includes an outer cylindrical surface 91, an inner cylindrical surface 92 provided with grooves 93, and a radial abutment 94. The surface 91 is centered on the axis X70, while the surface 92 is centered on an axis X90 offset radially and parallel to the X70 axis. Thus, the portion 90 is thicker radially to the axis X70 on a side 71 of the ring 70 and thinner on a side 72, diametrically opposed to the side 71, of the ring 70. The grooves 93 extend radially and parallel to the axis X90 and are provided to receive the ribs 56 of the key 50. The stop 94 is centered on the axis X90 and extends radially towards this axis X90 from one of the axial edges of the surface 92. stop 94 delimits radially an orifice 95 centered on the axis X90 and passing through the ring 70 along this axis X90.
La partie 80 et la partie 90 de la bague 70 peuvent être assemblées par collage ou thermocollage des surfaces 81 et 91 .  The portion 80 and the portion 90 of the ring 70 can be assembled by gluing or heat-sealing the surfaces 81 and 91.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif de liaison 30 équipant le système mécanique 1 est détaillé ci-après.  The operation of the connecting device 30 equipping the mechanical system 1 is detailed below.
Dans une première étape a), un opérateur assemble le dispositif de liaison 30. Tout d'abord, la clavette 50 est reçue dans la bague d'appui 70. Le pied 52 puis le corps 53 traversent l'orifice 95, jusqu'à ce que la tête 51 vienne se loger dans la partie 90. La partie 55 est ajustée contre la surface 92, les nervures 56 sont engagées dans les rainures 93 et l'épaulement 58 vient en appui contre la butée 94, comme visible à la figure 8. Ensuite, l'opérateur positionne le fourreau 40 sur la clavette 50. Le corps 53 est disposé dans la cavité 45 et est entouré par la paroi 43, tandis que l'extrémité 41 vient en appui contre la butée 94 du côté opposé à l'épaulement 85. Enfin, l'opérateur positionne l'écrou 60 à l'extrémité de la clavette 50, avec l'épaulement 63 et l'épaulement 58 qui se font face. Le taraudage 62 est vissé sur le pied fileté 52, avec le fourreau 40 qui est interposé entre la bague 70 et l'écrou 60. L'extrémité 41 est en appui contre la butée 94, tandis que l'extrémité 42 est en appui contre l'épaulement 63. En outre, la paroi 43 est ajustée radialement à l'axe X40, d'une part, au niveau de l'extrémité 41 , sur un décrochage 59 ménagé sur la clavette 50 entre le corps 53 et l'épaulement 58 et, d'autre part, au niveau de l'extrémité 42, sur le pied fileté 52. In a first step a), an operator assembles the connecting device 30. First, the key 50 is received in the support ring 70. The foot 52 and the body 53 through the orifice 95, to the head 51 is housed in the portion 90. The portion 55 is fitted against the surface 92, the ribs 56 are engaged in the grooves 93 and the shoulder 58 abuts against the stop 94, as shown in FIG. 8. Next, the operator positions the sheath 40 on the key 50. The body 53 is disposed in the cavity 45 and is surrounded by the wall 43, while the end 41 abuts against the stop 94 on the opposite side to the shoulder 85. Finally, the operator positions the nut 60 at the end of the key 50, with the shoulder 63 and the shoulder 58 facing each other. The tapping 62 is screwed onto the threaded foot 52, with the sleeve 40 which is interposed between the ring 70 and the nut 60. The end 41 is in abutment against the stop 94, while the end 42 is in abutment against the shoulder 63. In addition, the wall 43 is fitted radially to the X40 axis, on the one hand, at the end 41, on a stall 59 formed on the key 50 between the body 53 and the shoulder 58 and, secondly, at the end 42, on the threaded foot 52.
Le dispositif de liaison 30 est alors assemblé, comme montré aux figures 3, 8 et 9, avec les axes X40, X50, X60 et X90 qui sont confondus. Par la suite, ces axes sont désignés ensemble sous la référence X50. En revanche, l'axe X70 est décalé du côté 71 radialement et parallèlement à cet axe X50. Autrement dit, la bague 70 est excentrée par rapport à l'axe X50. En particulier, l'écart entre les axes X50 et X70 est égal à l'écart e30 entre les axes X14 et X25, comme montré aux figures 8 et 9.  The connecting device 30 is then assembled, as shown in FIGS. 3, 8 and 9, with the X40, X50, X60 and X90 axes being merged. Subsequently, these axes are designated together under the reference X50. On the other hand, the axis X70 is offset on the side 71 radially and parallel to this axis X50. In other words, the ring 70 is eccentric with respect to the axis X50. In particular, the difference between the X50 and X70 axes is equal to the difference e30 between the X14 and X25 axes, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
Dans une deuxième étape b), l'opérateur positionne la dent 20 sur le support 10, avec la partie active 21 qui est orientée de manière à pouvoir racler et prélever des matériaux en fonctionnement du système 1 . La partie creuse 22 est emmanchée sur le nez 12, avec des plans complémentaires en appui les uns contre les autres. Les oreilles 23 sont reçues dans les logements 13 de la base 1 1 . L'orifice 24 est placé en regard de l'ouverture 16 du logement 14 du côté 4, de sorte que le logement 14 est accessible pour l'introduction du dispositif 30 en configuration d'insertion A.  In a second step b), the operator positions the tooth 20 on the support 10, with the active part 21 which is oriented so as to be able to scrape and collect materials in operation of the system 1. The hollow portion 22 is fitted on the nose 12, with complementary planes bearing against each other. The ears 23 are received in the housing 13 of the base 1 1. The orifice 24 is placed facing the opening 16 of the housing 14 of the side 4, so that the housing 14 is accessible for the introduction of the device 30 in insertion configuration A.
Dans une troisième étape c), l'opérateur positionne le dispositif de liaison 30 préassemblé dans le logement 14 du support 10. Le dispositif 30 traverse l'orifice 24 puis l'ouverture 16 situés du côté 4, en commençant par l'écrou 60 et en terminant par la tête 51 et la bague 70, avec la paroi 43 du fourreau 40 qui se déforme légèrement de façon centripète en passant l'ouverture 16. L'orientation de la bague 70 par l'opérateur est importante à ce stade : le côté 71 est orienté vers l'arrière 3, le côté 72 est orienté vers l'avant 2 et les nervures 83 sont reçues dans les rainures 26 de l'orifice 24. Des marqueurs, non représentés dans un but de simplification, peuvent être ménagés sur la partie 22 et le dispositif 30 pour faciliter cette orientation. L'écrou 60 et ses méplats 64 viennent se loger dans la partie 17 du logement 14, tandis que la bague d'appui 70 est ajustée dans l'orifice 24, en butée contre l'épaulement 28.  In a third step c), the operator positions the preassembled connecting device 30 in the housing 14 of the support 10. The device 30 passes through the orifice 24 and the opening 16 located on the side 4, starting with the nut 60 and ending with the head 51 and the ring 70, with the wall 43 of the sleeve 40 which deforms slightly centripetally through the opening 16. The orientation of the ring 70 by the operator is important at this stage: the side 71 is oriented towards the rear 3, the side 72 is oriented towards the front 2 and the ribs 83 are received in the grooves 26 of the orifice 24. Markers, not shown for purposes of simplification, may be arranged on the part 22 and the device 30 to facilitate this orientation. The nut 60 and its flats 64 are housed in the portion 17 of the housing 14, while the support ring 70 is fitted in the orifice 24, abutting against the shoulder 28.
Le dispositif 30 est alors en configuration d'insertion A, comme montré à la figure The device 30 is then in insertion configuration A, as shown in FIG.
8. La longueur de la clavette 50 suivant l'axe X50 est telle que la tête 51 ne dépasse pas hors de l'orifice 24 et est donc protégée. La surface extérieure 44 du fourreau 40 n'est pas en contact, ou est seulement partiellement en contact, avec la surface du logement 14. Une longueur LA du fourreau 40 est délimitée par l'écartement axial entre les extrémités 41 et 42 du fourreau 40, autrement dit entre l'épaulement 63 et la butée 94, suivant l'axe X50. En outre, un diamètre maximal DA du fourreau 40 est délimité autour de la clavette X50 par la surface 44. A ce stade, les axes X14, X25, X50 et X70 sont situés sensiblement dans le plan médian Pm1 , contenant l'axe X1 , du système 1 . Néanmoins, excepté au niveau de l'écrou 60 et des méplats 64, le dispositif de liaison 30 est relâché dans le système 1 et est amovible du logement 14. En effet, si des contraintes mécaniques sont exercées sur la partie active 21 de la dent 20, notamment une force de cavage dirigée vers le bas 7, la partie 22 a tendance à se désemmancher du nez 12. En particulier, lorsque l'orifice 24 est tiré vers l'avant 2 et le haut 4, une déformation de la paroi 43 et de la partie 90 peut provoquer l'arrachement du dispositif de liaison 30 hors du logement 14. Autrement dit le dispositif 30, plus précisément le fourreau 40 et la bague 70, n'exercent pas d'efforts de retenue suffisants sur la dent 20 en configuration d'insertion A, de sorte que les positions relatives du support 10 et de la dent 20 ne sont pas verrouillées. 8. The length of the key 50 along the axis X50 is such that the head 51 does not protrude outside the orifice 24 and is therefore protected. The outer surface 44 of the sleeve 40 is not in contact, or only partially in contact, with the surface of the housing 14. A length LA of the sleeve 40 is delimited by the axial spacing between the ends 41 and 42 of the sleeve 40 , ie between the shoulder 63 and the abutment 94, along the axis X50. In addition, a maximum diameter DA of the sleeve 40 is delimited around the key X50 by the surface 44. At this point, the axes X14, X25, X50 and X70 are located substantially in the median plane Pm1, containing the axis X1, of the system 1. Nevertheless, except at the nut 60 and flats 64, the connecting device 30 is released in the system 1 and is removable from the housing 14. Indeed, if mechanical stresses are exerted on the active portion 21 of the tooth 20, in particular a downwardly tilting force 7, the portion 22 tends to disengage from the nose 12. In particular, when the orifice 24 is pulled forward 2 and the top 4, a deformation of the wall 43 and 90 can cause tearing of the connecting device 30 out of the housing 14. In other words the device 30, specifically the sleeve 40 and the ring 70, do not exert sufficient retaining forces on the tooth In the insertion configuration A, so that the relative positions of the support 10 and the tooth 20 are not locked.
Dans une quatrième étape d), l'opérateur déforme le fourreau 40 dans le logement 14 en vissant la clavette 50 dans l'écrou 60. Plus précisément, l'opérateur utilise un outil pour exercer un couple de vissage, autour de l'axe X50 suivant le sens de rotation R1 , sur la partie 54 de la tête 51 , de sorte que le pied fileté 52 pénètre dans le taraudage 62. Le sens de rotation R1 peut être repéré par un marquage, non représenté dans un but de simplification, sur la tête 51 de la clavette 50, afin de faciliter la tâche de l'opérateur. Lors du vissage de la clavette 50, les nervures rigides 56 sont mobiles en rotation R1 autour de l'axe de clavette X50 en déformant élastiquement les nervures 93 ménagées dans la partie 90 de la bague 70. Cette partie 90 est réalisée dans un matériau élastiquement déformable suffisamment rigide pour supporter plusieurs montages et démontages du dispositif 30, et donc plusieurs vissages et dévissages de la tête 51 . Dans le même temps, les nervures 83 et rainures 26 complémentaires constituent des éléments de solidarisation anti-rotation de la bague 70 par rapport à l'orifice 24.  In a fourth step d), the operator deforms the sheath 40 in the housing 14 by screwing the key 50 in the nut 60. More specifically, the operator uses a tool to exert a torque screw around the axis X50 according to the direction of rotation R1, on the portion 54 of the head 51, so that the threaded foot 52 enters the tapping 62. The direction of rotation R1 can be marked by a marking, not shown for the sake of simplification, on the head 51 of the key 50, to facilitate the task of the operator. During the screwing of the key 50, the rigid ribs 56 are rotatable R1 around the key axis X50 elastically deforming the ribs 93 formed in the portion 90 of the ring 70. This portion 90 is made of a material elastically deformable rigid enough to support several assembly and disassembly of the device 30, and thus several screwing and unscrewing of the head 51. At the same time, the ribs 83 and complementary grooves 26 constitute anti-rotation members of the ring 70 with respect to the orifice 24.
Ainsi, le dispositif 30 passe de la configuration d'insertion A à la configuration de verrouillage B. La clavette 50 est bloquée axialement suivant l'axe X50, contrairement à l'écrou 60 qui peut se translater dans la partie 17. La rotation de vissage R1 de la clavette 50 rapproche progressivement l'écrou 60 de la tête 51 , de sorte que le fourreau est compressé suivant l'axe X50 entre l'épaulement 63 et la butée 94. La paroi 43 se déforme avec une accentuation de son bombage en partie médiane, c'est-à-dire une partie intermédiaire entre l'épaulement 63 et la butée 94. La surface extérieure 44 du fourreau 40 vient progressivement en appui contre la paroi interne 15 du logement 14.  Thus, the device 30 passes from the insertion configuration A to the locking configuration B. The key 50 is axially locked along the axis X50, unlike the nut 60 which can translate in the portion 17. The rotation of screwing R1 of the key 50 gradually approximates the nut 60 of the head 51, so that the sleeve is compressed along the axis X50 between the shoulder 63 and the stop 94. The wall 43 is deformed with an accentuation of its bending in the middle part, that is to say an intermediate portion between the shoulder 63 and the abutment 94. The outer surface 44 of the sleeve 40 gradually bears against the inner wall 15 of the housing 14.
Enfin, dans une cinquième étape e), l'opérateur arrête le vissage du dispositif 30 dans la configuration de verrouillage B, montrée à la figure 9. L'axe de clavette X50 est alors sensiblement aligné avec l'axe central X14 du logement 14, tandis que l'axe X70 est sensiblement aligné avec l'axe X25. La paroi 43 du fourreau 40 est ajustée dans le logement 14 du support 10, avec la surface 44 qui épouse les contours de la paroi 15. Une longueur LB du fourreau 40, qui est inférieure à la longueur LA, est délimitée par l'écartement axial entre les extrémités 41 et 42 du fourreau 40 suivant l'axe X50. En outre, un diamètre maximal DB du fourreau 40, qui est supérieur au diamètre DA, est délimité autour de la clavette X50 par la surface 44. La déformation de la paroi 43, dans un sens de dilatation radiale, n'est plus possible, de sorte que le fourreau 40 présente une résistance à l'écrasement et donc au vissage, qui est perceptible par l'opérateur. Finally, in a fifth step e), the operator stops the screwing device 30 in the locking configuration B, shown in Figure 9. The key axis X50 is then substantially aligned with the central axis X14 of the housing 14 , while the X70 axis is substantially aligned with the X25 axis. The wall 43 of the sheath 40 is fitted into the housing 14 of the support 10, with the surface 44 conforming to the contours of the wall 15. A length LB of the sheath 40, which is less than the length LA, is delimited by the spacing axial between the ends 41 and 42 of the sleeve 40 along the axis X50. In addition, a maximum diameter DB of the sleeve 40, which is greater than the diameter DA, is delimited around the key X50 by the surface 44. The deformation of the wall 43, in a direction of radial expansion, is no longer possible, so that the sheath 40 has a resistance to crushing and therefore to screwing, which is perceptible by the operator.
Dans la configuration de verrouillage B, le fourreau 40 est ajusté dans le logement 14, la tête 51 plaque la bague 70 dans l'orifice 24 en direction du logement 14 et la bague d'appui 70 retient la dent 20, formant ainsi une liaison d'accouplement ente la dent 20 et le support 10. En particulier, lors d'une tentative de déplacement de la dent 20, le dispositif 30 exerce des efforts de retenue sur cette dent 20 par le biais de la bague d'appui 70, avec la surface nervurée 82 qui retient la surface rainurée 25, tandis que la butée 94 et la partie 80 retiennent l'épaulement 28. Autrement dit, la bague 70 exerce alors des efforts de retenue sur la partie 25 et l'épaulement 28 de l'orifice 24, en particulier du côté 71 . Ces efforts de retenue sont représentés par un faisceau de flèches F30 à la figure 9. Le fourreau 40 est réalisé dans une matière déformable suffisamment rigide pour empêcher ou réduire les déplacements du dispositif 30 dans le logement 14. En complément, un insert métallique peut être moulé dans la paroi 43 du fourreau 40. Le fourreau 40 ne peut plus être arraché du logement 14 et la tête 51 est maintenue rigidement par l'extrémité 41 qui enserre le décrochage 59. Le seul déplacement possible, interne au dispositif 30, est une légère déformation de la partie 90 de la bague 70. Le dispositif 30 est inamovible du logement 14 et la dent 20 est plaquée contre le support 10.  In the locking configuration B, the sleeve 40 is fitted in the housing 14, the head 51 plates the ring 70 in the orifice 24 towards the housing 14 and the support ring 70 retains the tooth 20, thereby forming a connection coupling, in particular, the tooth 20 and the support 10. In particular, during an attempt to move the tooth 20, the device 30 exerts retention forces on this tooth 20 by means of the support ring 70, with the ribbed surface 82 which retains the grooved surface 25, while the stop 94 and the portion 80 retain the shoulder 28. In other words, the ring 70 then exerts restraining forces on the portion 25 and the shoulder 28 of the orifice 24, in particular on the side 71. These holding forces are represented by a beam of arrows F30 in FIG. 9. Sleeve 40 is made of a deformable material sufficiently rigid to prevent or reduce the displacements of the device 30 in the housing 14. In addition, a metal insert can be molded into the wall 43 of the sleeve 40. The sleeve 40 can not be torn from the housing 14 and the head 51 is held rigidly by the end 41 which encloses the stall 59. The only possible movement, internal to the device 30, is a slight deformation of the portion 90 of the ring 70. The device 30 is irremovable housing 14 and the tooth 20 is pressed against the support 10.
Par ailleurs, en variante non représentée, le logement 14 et l'ouverture 16 peuvent être décalés vers l'arrière 3 par rapport à l'orifice 24, de manière à accentuer les efforts de retenue exercés par le dispositif 30 dans l'orifice 24 en configuration de verrouillage B. En effet, si la paroi 43 du fourreau 40 vient appuyer contre la paroi 15 du logement 14 d'abord vers l'avant 2, puis vers les côtés 4 et 5 et l'arrière 3, la tête 51 de la clavette 50 exerce des efforts additionnels sur la bague d'appui 70, qui retransmet ces efforts de retenue sur la partie 25 et l'épaulement 28 de la dent 20.  Furthermore, in a variant that is not shown, the housing 14 and the opening 16 can be offset rearwardly with respect to the orifice 24, so as to accentuate the retaining forces exerted by the device 30 in the orifice 24. in the locking configuration B. In fact, if the wall 43 of the sleeve 40 bears against the wall 15 of the housing 14 firstly towards the front 2, then towards the sides 4 and 5 and the rear 3, the head 51 the key 50 exerts additional forces on the support ring 70, which retransmits these retaining forces on the portion 25 and the shoulder 28 of the tooth 20.
Ainsi, lorsque des contraintes mécaniques sont exercées sur la partie active 21 , la partie 22 de la dent 20 est retenue fermement en position d'utilisation à la fois par le dispositif de liaison 30 en configuration de verrouillage B, par le nez 12 et par les parois des logements 13 recevant les oreilles 23. Par la suite, dans une étape f) de démontage, l'opérateur peut utiliser un outil pour dévisser le dispositif 30 dans un sens inverse au sens de rotation R1 . La paroi 43 du fourreau 40 se contracte et les efforts exercés par le dispositif 30 sur la dent 20 et dans le support 10 se relâchent, depuis la configuration de verrouillage B vers la configuration d'insertion A. Ensuite, le dispositif 30 peut être retiré du système 1 , supprimant la liaison d'accouplement ente la dent 20 et le support 10. Ainsi, le dispositif 30 permet un démontage de la dent 20 sans marteau, après l'usure de celle-ci, par des opérations inverses au montage. Thus, when mechanical stresses are exerted on the active part 21, the portion 22 of the tooth 20 is held firmly in the position of use by both the locking device B in the locking configuration B, by the nose 12 and by the walls of the housings 13 receiving the ears 23. Subsequently, in a step f) disassembly, the operator can use a tool to unscrew the device 30 in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation R1. The wall 43 of the sheath 40 contracts and the forces exerted by the device 30 on the tooth 20 and in the support 10 relax, from the locking configuration B to the insertion configuration A. Then, the device 30 can be removed of the system 1, removing the coupling connection between the tooth 20 and the support 10. Thus, the device 30 allows disassembly of the tooth 20 without hammer, after wear thereof, by reverse operations to the mounting.
Lors de cette étape f), le dispositif 30 peut parfois être bloqué dans le logement 14, par exemple si de la terre s'est logée dans l'orifice 24 en fonctionnement du système 1 . Dans ce cas, l'opérateur peut introduire un outil à travers les conduits 19 et 29 jusque dans le logement 14, plus précisément jusque dans la partie 17 de réception de l'écrou 60. L'outil exerce alors une poussée vers le haut 4 sur l'écrou 60 et/ou le pied fileté 52 de la clavette 50, débloquant ainsi le dispositif 30 pour son retrait du logement 14.  During this step f), the device 30 can sometimes be blocked in the housing 14, for example if earth has become lodged in the orifice 24 during operation of the system 1. In this case, the operator can introduce a tool through the conduits 19 and 29 into the housing 14, more precisely into the portion 17 for receiving the nut 60. The tool then exerts an upward thrust 4 on the nut 60 and / or the threaded foot 52 of the key 50, thus unlocking the device 30 for its removal from the housing 14.
Les éléments constitutifs du système 1 et du dispositif de liaison 30 peuvent être conformés de manière différente sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. En pratique, les éléments constitutifs du dispositif 30 sont conçus spécifiquement pour résister à l'usure du système 1 en fonctionnement, ainsi que pour résister à plusieurs montages et démontages par un outil.  The constituent elements of the system 1 and the connecting device 30 may be shaped differently without departing from the scope of the invention. In practice, the constituent elements of the device 30 are designed specifically to withstand the wear of the system 1 in operation, as well as to resist multiple assembly and disassembly by a tool.
En variante non représentée, les nervures et rainures, autrement dit les dentures, de l'orifice 24, de la bague 70 et de la clavette 50 peuvent présenter des formes et agencements différents adaptés à la présente application. Par exemple, les nervures 56 réparties sur le pourtour de la tête 51 peuvent être plus ou moins nombreuses. Selon un autre exemple, les rainures 26 ménagées sur le pourtour de l'orifice 25 peuvent présenter une forme triangulaire en section dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe X25. La bague 70 est alors adaptée aux variantes susmentionnées.  Alternatively not shown, the ribs and grooves, ie the teeth, of the orifice 24, the ring 70 and the key 50 may have different shapes and arrangements suitable for the present application. For example, the ribs 56 distributed around the periphery of the head 51 may be more or less numerous. In another example, the grooves 26 formed around the periphery of the orifice 25 may have a triangular shape in section in a plane perpendicular to the axis X25. The ring 70 is then adapted to the aforementioned variants.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, la partie 90 de la bague 70 peut être aménagée pour faciliter sa déformation lors de la rotation R1 . Par exemple, la partie 90 peut comporter des évidements localisés, répartis du côté 71 entre les surfaces 91 et 92, produisant un affaiblissement ciblé de la partie 90.  According to another variant not shown, the portion 90 of the ring 70 can be arranged to facilitate its deformation during the rotation R1. For example, the portion 90 may include localized recesses, distributed on the side 71 between the surfaces 91 and 92, producing a targeted weakening of the portion 90.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, le logement 14, l'ouverture 16 et l'orifice 24 peuvent être plus ou moins décalés les uns par rapport aux autres.  According to another variant not shown, the housing 14, the opening 16 and the orifice 24 may be more or less offset relative to each other.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, le logement 14 peut être ménagé dans le nez 12 suivant une direction perpendiculaire aux actuels axes X1 et X14, pour déboucher au niveau d'un des logements 13. Dans ce cas, l'orifice 24 est ménagé dans l'oreille 23 correspondante de la dent 20, en regard du logement 14. Selon une autre variante non représentée, la partie d'actionnement 54 de la clavette 50 par un outil peut être conformée différemment. According to another variant not shown, the housing 14 may be formed in the nose 12 in a direction perpendicular to the current axes X1 and X14, to open at one of the housings 13. In this case, the orifice 24 is formed in the corresponding ear 23 of the tooth 20, facing the housing 14. According to another variant not shown, the actuating portion 54 of the key 50 by a tool can be shaped differently.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, un insert métallique peut être agencé entre le fourreau 40 et la clavette 50, ou bien être moulé directement dans la paroi 43.  According to another variant not shown, a metal insert may be arranged between the sheath 40 and the key 50, or may be molded directly into the wall 43.
En outre, les caractéristiques techniques des différents modes de réalisation peuvent être, en totalité ou pour certaines d'entre elles, combinées entre elles. Ainsi, le dispositif de liaison peut être adapté en termes de coût et de performance.  In addition, the technical features of the various embodiments may be, in whole or in part, combined with each other. Thus, the connecting device can be adapted in terms of cost and performance.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Système mécanique (1 ), comprenant un support (10), une pièce d'usure (20) et un dispositif (30) de liaison entre la pièce d'usure (20) et son support (10), notamment entre une dent de godet (20) et son support (10) qui appartiennent à un équipement1. Mechanical system (1), comprising a support (10), a wear part (20) and a device (30) for connecting the wear part (20) and its support (10), in particular between a tooth of bucket (20) and its support (10) belonging to equipment
(G) d'engin de travaux publics, le dispositif de liaison (30) comprenant : (G) construction machinery, the connecting device (30) comprising:
- une clavette (50) comportant un corps (53) allongé suivant un axe de clavette (X50) entre un pied fileté (52) et une tête (51 ),  - a key (50) having a body (53) elongate along a key axis (X50) between a threaded foot (52) and a head (51),
- un écrou (60) apte à être vissé sur le pied fileté (52) de la clavette (50), et  - a nut (60) adapted to be screwed onto the threaded foot (52) of the key (50), and
- un fourreau (40) en matériau élastiquement déformable, muni d'une paroi (43) agencée autour du corps (53) et ajustable par déformation dans un logement (14) du support (10), par vissage (R1 ) entre le pied fileté (52) de la clavette (50) et l'écrou (60), entre une configuration d'insertion (A) où le dispositif de liaison (30) est amovible du logement (14) et une configuration de verrouillage (B) où la paroi (43) du fourreau (40) est ajustée dans le logement (14),  - A sleeve (40) of elastically deformable material, provided with a wall (43) arranged around the body (53) and adjustable by deformation in a housing (14) of the support (10), by screwing (R1) between the foot thread (52) of the key (50) and the nut (60) between an insertion configuration (A) where the connecting device (30) is removable from the housing (14) and a locking configuration (B) where the wall (43) of the sleeve (40) is fitted in the housing (14),
le système mécanique (1 ) étant caractérisé : the mechanical system (1) being characterized:
- en ce que le dispositif de liaison (30) comprend également une bague d'appui (70) interposée entre, d'une part, un orifice (24) ménagé dans la pièce d'usure (20) en regard d'une ouverture débouchante (16) du logement (14) et, d'autre part, la clavette (50) mobile dans la bague d'appui (70) en rotation de vissage (R1 ) autour de l'axe de clavette (X50),  - in that the connecting device (30) also comprises a bearing ring (70) interposed between, on the one hand, an orifice (24) formed in the wear part (20) facing an opening outlet (16) of the housing (14) and, secondly, the key (50) movable in the support ring (70) in screw rotation (R1) around the key axis (X50),
- en ce que dans la configuration d'insertion (A) du dispositif de liaison (30), la bague d'appui (70) est ajustée dans l'orifice (24),  in that in the insertion configuration (A) of the connecting device (30), the support ring (70) is fitted into the orifice (24),
- et en ce que dans la configuration de verrouillage (B) du dispositif de liaison (30), la bague d'appui (70) exerce des efforts de retenue (F30) sur la pièce d'usure (20).  - And in that in the locking configuration (B) of the connecting device (30), the support ring (70) exerts retention forces (F30) on the wear part (20).
2. Système mécanique (1 ) selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'en configuration de verrouillage (B), la bague d'appui (70) exerce des efforts de retenue (F30), d'une part, sur une surface (25) latérale de l'orifice (24) et, d'autre part, sur un épaulement (28) transverse de l'orifice (24). 2. Mechanical system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that in locking configuration (B), the support ring (70) exerts restraint forces (F30) on the one hand on a surface (25) lateral of the orifice (24) and, secondly, on a shoulder (28) transverse to the orifice (24).
3. Système mécanique (1 ) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice (24) et la bague d'appui (70) présentent des surfaces latérales complémentaires (25, 82) globalement centrées sur un axe secondaire (X25) décalé d'un écart (e30) parallèlement et radialement à l'axe central (X14) du logement (14). 3. Mechanical system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the orifice (24) and the bearing ring (70) have complementary lateral surfaces (25, 82) generally centered on a secondary axis (X25) offset by a gap (e30) parallel and radially to the central axis (X14) of the housing (14).
4. Système mécanique (1 ) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice (24) et la bague d'appui (70) comportent des éléments (26, 83) de solidarisation anti-rotation lors du vissage (R1 ). 4. Mechanical system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the orifice (24) and the bearing ring (70) comprise elements (26, 83) for securing anti-rotation during screwing. (R1).
5. Système mécanique (1 ) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tête (51 ) de la clavette (50) comporte des nervures rigides (56) qui s'étendent radialement et parallèlement à l'axe de clavette (X50) et qui sont, d'une part, à la fois dans la configuration d'insertion (A) et dans la configuration de verrouillage (B), engagées dans des nervures (93) élastiquement déformables ménagées dans la bague d'appui (70) et, d'autre part, lors du vissage (R1 ) de la clavette (50), mobiles en rotation autour de l'axe de clavette (X50) en déformant élastiquement les nervures (93) de la bague d'appui (70). 5. Mechanical system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the head (51) of the key (50) comprises rigid ribs (56) which extend radially and parallel to the key axis (X50) and which are, on the one hand, both in the insertion configuration (A) and in the locking configuration (B), engaged in resiliently deformable ribs (93) formed in the support ring (70) and, secondly, during the screwing (R1) of the key (50), movable in rotation about the key axis (X50) elastically deforming the ribs (93) of the support ring (70).
6. Système mécanique (1 ) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bague d'appui (70) est constituée par : Mechanical system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support ring (70) consists of:
- une partie externe rigide (80) ajustable dans l'orifice (24) et  a rigid outer portion (80) adjustable in the orifice (24) and
- une partie interne élastiquement déformable (90) dans laquelle est positionnée la clavette (50),  an elastically deformable inner part (90) in which the key (50) is positioned,
la partie externe rigide (80) et la partie interne élastiquement déformable (90) étant solidarisées en rotation, notamment par collage ou thermocollage. the rigid outer portion (80) and the elastically deformable inner portion (90) being secured in rotation, in particular by gluing or heat-sealing.
7. Système mécanique (1 ) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'écrou (60) comporte au moins un méplat (64) apte à coopérer, à la fois en configuration d'insertion (A) et en configuration de verrouillage (B), avec un méplat correspondant ménagé dans une partie (17) du logement (14). 7. Mechanical system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nut (60) comprises at least one flat (64) adapted to cooperate, both in insertion configuration (A) and in locking configuration (B), with a corresponding flat portion formed in a portion (17) of the housing (14).
8. Système mécanique (1 ) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le support (10) comporte un conduit (19) débouchant dans le logement (14) d'un côté (7) opposé à l'ouverture débouchante (16) et à l'orifice (24), en ce que la pièce d'usure (20) comporte un conduit traversant (29) du côté (7) opposé à l'orifice (24), et en ce que le conduit (19) du support (10) et le conduit (29) de la pièce d'usure (20) sont sensiblement alignés et aptes à recevoir un outil pénétrant jusque dans le logement (14), lorsque le système mécanique (1 ) est assemblé, notamment aptes à recevoir un outil pénétrant jusque dans une partie (17) de réception de l'écrou (60) dans le logement (14). 8. Mechanical system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support (10) comprises a conduit (19) opening into the housing (14) on one side (7) opposite the opening opening (16) and to the orifice (24), in that the wear part (20) comprises a through duct (29) on the side (7) opposite the orifice (24), and in that the duct (24) (19) of the support (10) and the conduit (29) of the wear part (20) are substantially aligned and adapted to receive a penetrating tool into the housing (14), when the mechanical system (1) is assembled , in particular adapted to receive a penetrating tool into a portion (17) for receiving the nut (60) in the housing (14).
9. Godet (G) d'engin de travaux publics, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un système mécanique (1 ) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8. 9. Bucket (G) of public works machine, characterized in that it comprises at least one mechanical system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Procédé de mise en œuvre d'un système mécanique (1 ) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des étapes suivantes : a) assembler le dispositif de liaison (30), 10. A method of implementing a mechanical system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) assemble the connecting device (30),
b) positionner la pièce d'usure (20) sur le support (10) ;  b) positioning the wear part (20) on the support (10);
c) positionner le dispositif de liaison (30) dans le logement (14) du support (10), dans la configuration d'insertion (A) où la bague d'appui (70) est ajustée dans l'orifice (24) et le dispositif de liaison (30) est amovible du logement (14), d) déformer le fourreau (40) dans le logement (14) par vissage (R1 ) du pied fileté (52) de la clavette (50) dans l'écrou (60) ;  c) positioning the connecting device (30) in the housing (14) of the support (10), in the insertion configuration (A) where the support ring (70) is fitted in the orifice (24) and the connecting device (30) is removable from the housing (14), d) deforming the sleeve (40) in the housing (14) by screwing (R1) the threaded foot (52) of the key (50) in the nut (60);
e) arrêter le vissage (R1 ), dans la configuration de verrouillage (B) où la paroi (43) du fourreau (40) est ajustée dans le logement (14) et la bague d'appui (70) exerce des efforts de retenue (F30) sur la pièce d'usure (20).  e) stopping the screwing (R1), in the locking configuration (B) where the wall (43) of the sleeve (40) is fitted in the housing (14) and the support ring (70) exerts restraint forces (F30) on the wear part (20).
EP12751543.5A 2011-09-01 2012-08-31 Mechanical system comprising a device for connection between a wearing part and the support thereof, heavy-construction machine bucket, and method for implementing said system Withdrawn EP2751348A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1157733A FR2979648B1 (en) 2011-09-01 2011-09-01 MECHANICAL SYSTEM COMPRISING A DEVICE FOR CONNECTION BETWEEN A WEAR PIECE AND ITS SUPPORT, PUBLIC WORKS MACHINE BUCKET AND METHOD OF IMPLEMENTING SUCH A SYSTEM
PCT/EP2012/066961 WO2013030336A1 (en) 2011-09-01 2012-08-31 Mechanical system comprising a device for connection between a wearing part and the support thereof, heavy-construction machine bucket, and method for implementing said system

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EP2751348A1 true EP2751348A1 (en) 2014-07-09

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EP12751543.5A Withdrawn EP2751348A1 (en) 2011-09-01 2012-08-31 Mechanical system comprising a device for connection between a wearing part and the support thereof, heavy-construction machine bucket, and method for implementing said system

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US (1) US9234332B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2751348A1 (en)
KR (1) KR20140079377A (en)
CN (1) CN103917720A (en)
AU (1) AU2012300803A1 (en)
BR (1) BR112014004821A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2845669A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2979648B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013030336A1 (en)

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AU2012300803A1 (en) 2014-03-20
WO2013030336A1 (en) 2013-03-07
CA2845669A1 (en) 2013-03-07
US20140223785A1 (en) 2014-08-14
BR112014004821A2 (en) 2017-04-04
US9234332B2 (en) 2016-01-12
FR2979648B1 (en) 2013-09-27
FR2979648A1 (en) 2013-03-08
CN103917720A (en) 2014-07-09
KR20140079377A (en) 2014-06-26

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