FR3023343A1 - ADJUSTABLE AXIAL THICKNESS DISK DEVICE AND SWITCHING DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DISK DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

Disc device (7) of adjustable axial thickness comprising two disk bodies (8a, b), each having on one end face (10a, b) with at least one peripheral ramp segment, the relative rotation of the two body (8a, b), adjusting the axial thickness of the device (7). The first body (8a) having a toothed segment (11a) and the second body (8b) a ratchet (12b) for the toothed segment (11a) of the first body (8a). The second body (8b) has a toothed segment (11b) and the first disk body (8a) a ratchet (12a) for the toothed segment (11b) of the second disk body (8b).

Description

Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adjustable axial thickness disk device comprising: a first disk body, a second disk body, the first and second disk body having an axial end face as front end face, at least one ramp segment extending in the circumferential direction, the disc bodies pressing one against the other by their end face, and the relative rotational movement of the two the disk body, the axial thickness of the disk device being adjusted, the first disk body having a toothed segment and the second disk body, a ratchet device for making a detachable grip in the toothed segment of the first body of the disk. disk. The invention also relates to a vehicle switching device equipped with such a disk device. State of the art When assembling certain components, for example in gearboxes, the tolerances on the components must be respected. To meet the requirements relating to tolerances, one can first realize the components and the environment that receives them with the low tolerances imposed. However, such low tolerance manufacturing often results in high manufacturing costs. In addition, in the building modules, successions of tolerances or tolerance chains are encountered so that the addition of a multiplicity of maximum tolerances gives a global tolerance exceeding the limits.

In this context, it is customary to use installations to adjust the tolerances. Thus, for example, it is known to select and install intermediate washers of defined axial thickness taken from a set of washers each corresponding to a tolerance. This way of proceeding nevertheless has the disadvantage that in assembling the components, it is first necessary to measure the tolerances to then select the appropriate washer and install it. Another solution is for example described in EP 513697 A2. This document proposes a spacer disc of variable thickness formed by a pair of adjustment rings applied against each other by interior surfaces having two or more concentric rising surfaces with a certain slope angle. ; one of the adjusting rings is turned by a toothing made at the inner or outer periphery and thus makes it possible to continuously modify the overall axial dimension. There is further provided an adjusting ring having an interlocking tab which is machined or formed with the ring and cooperates with the toothing of the other adjusting ring to secure the relative rotational position. DE 40 22 299 A1 contains another disk device. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to develop a device of adjustable axial thickness discs which is safe to operate and of particularly economical manufacture.

DESCRIPTION AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION To this end, the subject of the invention is a disk device of the type defined above, characterized in that the second disk body has a toothed segment and the first disk body has a disk installation. latching to releasably engage the toothed segment of the second disk body, and at least one of the toothed segments formed as a front tooth segment and at least one of the latching devices has a latching member which disengages in the radial direction to engage the toothed segment.

The invention also relates to a switching device equipped with such an adjustable axial thickness disk device. In other words, the invention provides a disk device having an adjustable axial thickness. The disk device has a surface extension and the axial thickness is taken with respect to the normal or perpendicular to this axial extension. The adjustment stroke for the axial thickness is preferably at least 0.1 mm, in particular at least 0.25 mm. Thus, the disk device is adjustable between a minimum axial thickness and a maximum axial thickness, the width in the axial extension modifying the axial thickness of the adjusting stroke. The disk device has a first and a second disk body. In principle, the disk bodies have a base surface and / or top view in the axial direction, some form but it is nevertheless preferable that this basic form is circular. Each of the disk bodies has an axial face as a bearing face. The two disk bodies are applied against each other by their front end face. The front face of the disk bodies each has at least one ramp segment in the peripheral direction, in particular a helical segment. The ramp segments of the two disk bodies are chosen so that the relative rotation of the two disk bodies and thus the relative rotation of the ramp segments, relative to one another, makes it possible to adjust the axial thickness of the device. discs.

To lock the set axial thickness, the first disk body has a toothed segment and the second disk body a ratchet for detachably engaging the tooth segment of the first disk body. As soon as the latching device is hooked into a latched position in the toothed segment, any relative rotation between the first disk body and the second disk body is blocked at least in the peripheral direction and in particular locked in the direction which would result in a decrease in the axial thickness of the disk device. However, it is possible to release the latching device and put it in a release state and thus adjust the reduction of the axial thickness of the disk device. According to the invention, the second disk body has a toothed segment and the first disk body is a latching device for removably engaging the tooth segment of the second disk body. Thus, the two disk bodies, in particular the latching device of the first disk body, in its cooperation with the toothed segment of the second disk body, are taken together so that it can be latched state, blocks any relative rotation which would decrease the axial thickness of the disk device. The invention has the advantage that this double fixing of the relative position of the two disk bodies by the two latching devices and the two toothed segments increases the safety against rotation, which improves the safety of the axial thickness set and so the operating safety. This functional improvement, thus developed, does not translate into an increase in the cost of manufacture but by an economical manufacturing and also by functional advantages. Thus, in a particularly preferred manner, the disk device is a self-standing construction assembly. The reciprocal penetration of the two disk bodies by the two latching devices and the two toothed segments allow the two disk bodies to be installed with each other at the first assembly or pre-assembly so that they are held together. the other by a connection by the form / or the force and in particular by clamping. At least one of the toothed segments, preferably the two toothed segments, are formed as front teeth segments. In particular, the front-end segment has radially oriented teeth and extends along the outer radial periphery of the disk body. In a particularly preferred manner, the toothed segment extends along an arc of circle whose center is that of the disk body. At least one of the latching devices and preferably both latching devices have a detent member which deflects in the radial direction to engage the toothed segment. The radial direction relates in particular to the segment of a circle, to its extension and in particular to the segment of frontal toothing. The radial direction relates to the "outward" direction and thus allows a radial vector to pivot about the center at an angle of +/- 45 °.

According to a preferred development, at least one of the latching installations and preferably the two latching installations comprise an actuating member. The actuating member has two functions: firstly, the actuating member constitutes a mechanical interface for rotating the disc member; secondly, the actuating member releases the installation of snap, in particular to move it from the latched state to the released state.

The ratchet is constructed and installed on the disk body so that when the actuator is operated to rotate the disk body in its release direction, it releases the ratchet installation at the same time. By rotating the disk body in the release direction, by the relative rotation of the two disk bodies with respect to each other, the axial thickness of the disk device is increased. On the other hand, preferably, when one of the disk members is actuated in the locking direction, that is to say in the direction opposite to the release direction, the snap-in device locks and even locks.

By its construction this embodiment that the actuator can be used in a simple way to increase the axial thickness but blocks the reduction of the axial thickness. This development is due to the fact that when the disk device is installed in a constructive module and is biased in the axial direction, this bias causes the disk device to reduce the axial thickness. This is applied by the disk device by the relative rotation of the disk bodies which must be rotated respectively in the blocking direction. But the snap installation prohibits this effectively. On the other hand, increasing the axial thickness can be done only by the operator who actuates the disk device and the direction of rotation corresponds in the peripheral direction and in the direction of release. According to a preferred development of the invention, each latching installation comprises an actuating member and the actuating members form between them an intermediate angle.

When the disk device is set to the minimum axial thickness, the intermediate angle is less than 120 °, preferably less than 95 ° and in particular equal to 90 °. By decreasing the intermediate angle, the axial thickness of the disk device is increased. The choice of the intermediate angle makes it possible to take the two actuators at the same time with the fingers of one hand and to bring them together to adjust the correct axial thickness. Alternatively, the actuators can be taken with a calibration clamp which allows to adjust in a targeted manner and monitoring the dynamic force, the intermediate angle and thus the axial thickness of the disk device. In both cases, the disk device is simple to maneuver and in particular manually. According to a preferred development of the invention, the two disk bodies are plastic parts. In a particularly preferred manner, these parts are made of plastic material injected. The realization of disk bodies as plastic parts, especially as injected parts is particularly economical. In this embodiment, the toothed segment and / or the ratchet installation constitute an integral part of the plastic part. The snap-in arrangement and the toothed segment can be manufactured together with the disk body so that, as already indicated above, the advantages of the disk device are not obtained at the cost of an increase of their manufacturing cost.

According to a preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the two disk bodies are of the same construction and in particular identical parts. Thus, each disk body has a toothed segment and a snap-in arrangement, which allows both disk bodies to be identical parts. For manufacturing, we use a single tool. In addition, this excludes any disk body version and mounting fault. Thus, all the advantages described above are obtained economically because the two disk bodies are of the same construction. The invention also relates to a vehicle switching device comprising a plurality of components installed in the form of a stack on a common dowel segment. According to the invention, the stack comprises a disk device such as that described above. The disk device allows, in particular, by activating the actuating members, to reduce the axial play of the stack by adjusting the axial thickness. It is particularly advantageous that the latching device, when actuating the actuating members, is open in the direction of release because thus one can only reduce the axial play but do not establish prestressing by the device discs. As long as the adjustment of the axial thickness is done only by the actuating members, there will be no induced prestressing. The staggering of the adjustment is done by a staggering, in particular fixed by the interval between the teeth of the toothed segments so that according to the necessities and in particular the tolerances, the design of the disk device is adapted. For example, the switching device is for example a gearbox with at least two switching forks mounted in the form of a stack and fixed by a stud segment. The switching forks preferably slide in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the stud segment. Laterally, the stacking is limited by the two walls of the gearbox. The tolerance chain ensures that, even for machined surfaces, the maximum tolerance in the axial direction, without special measurement, can not be less than, for example, 0.4 mm.

Thanks to the disk device in the stack, the maximum tolerance can be reduced to 0.07 mm. For a captive integration of the disk device into the switching device, the disk device has a central passage for mounting it on the stud segment.

According to a preferred development of the invention, the switching ranges have free zones in which the actuating members come.

Drawings The present invention will be described in more detail below with the aid of adjustable axial thickness disk devices shown in the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a switching device as Embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional diagrammatic view of the disk device of a switching device with an additional detail representation of the area of the latching installations, Fig. 3a shows the disk device of Figs. FIG. 2 in the deployed state for a minimum axial thickness, FIG. 3b shows the disk device of FIG. 3a in the folded state, FIG. 4a shows the disk device of FIG. 2 in the deployed state for the maximum axial thickness, Figure 4b shows the disk device of Figure 4a in the folded state. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION FIG. 1 shows a top view of a switching device 1 as an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The switching device 1 is for example part of a vehicle gearbox. The switching device 1 comprises a base body 2, for example made of aluminum alloy. The base body 2 has two bearing walls 3a, b perpendicular to the base surface of the base body 2. Two switching forks 4a, b are between the bearing walls 3a, b, and form a stack 5 between the bearing walls 3a, b. A stud segment 6 between the two bearing walls 3a, b passes through the switching forks 4a, b. The switching forks 4a, b are slidably mounted in a direction of sliding relative to the base body 2 and / or relative to the stud segment 6. To set a predetermined maximum tolerance T, of the stacking 5 as a set in FIG. in the axial direction, the switching device 1 comprises a disk device 7 installed between the switching slots 4a, b. In principle, the disc device 7 may be provided in any axial position relative to the stud segment 6 between the support walls 3a, b serving to adjust the maximum tolerance and / or the game to a value which, in this example, is equal to or less than 0.07 mm. The switching forks 4a, b are certainly against the support walls 3a, b which have machined bearing surfaces, also the switching forks 4a, b are thin stamping parts. Nevertheless, it is difficult from the point of view of the manufacturing technique to adjust the maximum tolerance or the clearance to a value of less than 0.4 mm. With the disk device 7, the maximum tolerance decreases from 0.4 mm to 0.07 mm. The axial thickness of the disk device 7 is adjustable. Thus, the disk device 7 can be applied to the switching device 1 with a minimum thickness and then the axial thickness is increased until the maximum tolerance or clearance is below the set limit. As shown in the following figures, the disk device has a passage 17 through which the stud segment 6 passes so that the disk device 7 is held captively in the switching device 1. FIG. 3-dimensional schematic of the disk device 7. The disk device 7 consists of two disk bodies 8a, b which are identical plastic parts. The disk bodies 8a, b each have a base body 9a, b in the form of a circular ring. The passage 17 constitutes the central part of the circular ring. The axial end faces facing each other constitute the front bearing faces 10a, b (see FIGS. 3a, 4a), which have ramp segments I, II, III, IV in the circumferential direction. The front bearing faces 10a, b are in contact and / or are applied on the surface against each other. Each of the disk bodies 8a, 8b has a toothed segment 11a, b and a latching device 12a, b. The toothed segments 11a, b are formed in the outer radial edge of the disk base bodies 9a, b and extend along a circular arc segment whose center is in the center of the passage 17. The 12a, b each have a detent 13a, b in the form of a snap-nose directed radially inwards. The latching members 13a, b are arranged so that in a latching state they enter the toothed segment 11a, b of the other disk body 8a, b. Thus, the latching member 13a of the first disk body 8a enters the toothed segment 11b of the second disk body 8b. Conversely, the latching member 13b of the second disk body 8b enters the toothed segment 1a of the first disk body 8a. The latching devices 12a, b each have an actuating member 14a, b which, in this embodiment, is in the form of an axially oriented lug or branch. The actuating member 14a and the latching member 13a are on the same lever 15a L-shaped. In the same way, the actuating member 14b and the latching member 13b are on one same lever 15b L-shaped The levers 15a, b are connected at their corner as a point of articulation to the disk base body 9a or 9b, which allows by the actuation of the actuating member 14a, b to pivot the latching member 13a, b in the radial direction. This radial tilting of the latching member 13a, b releases the toothed segment 11a, b, which makes it possible to pass the latching devices 12a, b from the latched state to the released state and to neutralize the blockage by the form. The bearing faces 10a, b are made so that a relative rotational movement of the disk bodies 8a, b modifies the axial thickness of the disk device 7. The cooperation of the latching devices 12a, b, especially the latching members 13a, b with the toothed segments 11a, b, sets the adjusted axial thickness. In top view of the disk device 7, the latching members 13a, b are installed opposite while the pivot points of the levers 15a, b are between the latching members 13a, b. Between the actuating members 14a, b, there is an intermediate angle a through which the axial thickness of the disk device is adjusted. It is expected that by reducing the intermediate angle α, the axial thickness is increased and by increasing this intermediate angle α, the axial thickness is decreased. FIG. 2 shows the disk device set to a minimum thickness, the latching members 13a, b being hooked to the outermost tooth of the toothed segments 11a, b in the circumferential direction with respect to the intermediate angle a to adjust the minimum thickness. For a relative rotation of the disk bodies 8a, b relative to each other, the actuating members 14a, b are taken by hand with the thumb and the fingers to join them together. Alternatively, it is also possible to use a spring clip and / or calibrated to perform the movement of approximation of the actuating members 14a, b with a defined setting force.

When actuating the actuating members 14a, b, on the one hand the disc bodies 8a, b are rotated relative to each other to reduce the intermediate angle a. In addition, the latching members 13a, b which are more outwardly do that by exerting a force on the actuating members 14a, b, the latching members 13a, b emerge from the toothed segments 11a, b or pivot by disengaging so that the latching devices 12a, b pass from the latched state to the free state and allow to perform the relative rotational movement. The direction of movement in the peripheral direction which allows the release is also called the release direction. By comparison, the actuation of the actuating members 14a, b in the opposite direction corresponds to an increase in the intermediate angle a and thus to a reduction in the axial thickness of the disc device 7, which corresponds to the lock direction. By actuating the actuating members 14a, b in the opposite direction, the latching members 13a, b are depressed deeper into the toothed segment 11a, b. The intervals between the teeth of the toothed segments 11a, b are made to form a ramp in a direction which facilitates the release of the latching member 13a, b from the toothed segment 11a, b and forms in the opposite direction a wall which locks the release of the latching member 13a, b out of the toothed segment 11a, b by a connection in the form. The locking direction and release direction terms being associated with each of the disk bodies 8a, b, the ramp is associated with the locking direction and the wall with the release direction.

In practice, for the disk device 7, after placing the disk device 7 in the switching device 1, the desired clearance is adjusted by simply bringing the actuating members 14a, b manually or with the assistance of a clamp.

The dual function of the actuating members 14a, b (rotation and unlocking / unlocking) in cooperation with the latching device 12a, b further ensures that the disk device 7 can not be installed under prestressing but at the same time. maximum with a game greater than 0 and at the same time less than the increment of the disk device 7.

The increment is fixed by the latching positions of the latching members 13a, b in the toothed segments 11a, b and by the spacing of the teeth of the toothed segments 11a, b. The latching device 12a, b, especially the actuating members 14a, b in the position shown in FIG. 2 are spaced apart for the minimum axial thickness with an intermediate angle of about 90 °. The two disk bodies 8a, b carry a mechanical index 16a, b constituted by a radial extension with holes and for the state shown, the indexes 16a, b are superimposed. Figure 3 shows the disk device 7 in the open or deployed position but in a non-aligned state with respect to the other; FIG. 3a shows the state of the minimum axial thickness of the disk device 7 as shown in FIG. 2. The end bearing faces 10a, b each have four ramp segments I, II, III, IV extending in the peripheral direction following the auxiliary circle 18a, b traced. The ramp segments each extend 90 °. Each ramp segment I, II, III, IV has a monotonous slope, especially strictly monotonous, for the evolution of its height in the axial direction. With respect to the disk body 8a, the ramp segments I, II, III, IV extend in a counterclockwise direction as follows: I: P1 - P2 - P3 H: P3 - P2 - Pl III: Pl - P2 - P3 IV: P3 - P2 - Pl, for the points P1, P2, P3, the height h in the axial direction is given by the following inequality relation: h (P1) <h (P2 ) <h (P3). For the disk body 8b, the ramp segments I, II, III, IV extend in a counterclockwise direction as follows: I: P1 '- P2' - P3 'H: P3' - P2 '- Pl' III: Pl '- P2' - P3 'IV: P3' - P2 '- Pl', for the points Pl ', P2', P3 ', the height h in the axial direction corresponds to the relation following: h (P1 ') <h (P2') <h (P3 '). Figure 3b shows the disk device 1 in the state corresponding to the smallest axial thickness; the intermediate angle a is then equal to 90 ° and the following points of the ramp segments I, II, III, IV in axial projection correspond to each other: P2 - P2 'P1 - P3' P3 - Pl 'Starting from a height h at the different points given as follows: h (P1) = h (P1 ') = - 0,15 mm h (P2) = h (P2') = 0 mm h (P3) = h (P3 ') = + 0, 15 mm then we will have for the total height of the ramp segments at the following point: P2 - P2 ': total height 0 mm Pl - P3': total height 0 mm P3 - Pl ': total height 0 mm Figure 4a shows on a identical representation to that of Figure 3a, the disk device 7 in its state corresponding to the largest maximum thickness. As shown in FIG. 4b, the intermediate angle a is equal to 0 °. The relative rotation gives new pairs of points, which corresponds to another total height: P1 - P1 'total height: - 0.3 mm P2 - P2' total height: 0 mm P3 - P3 'total height: + 0, 3 mm. Thus the front faces 10a, b face each other only in the partial areas of the points P3, P3 '. Compared with the state of FIGS. 2, 3a, 3b, the axial thickness of the disk device 7 has increased by 0.3 mm. Thus, by the relative rotation of the disk bodies 8a, b, the axial thickness of the disk device is adjusted. 7.15 NOMENCLATURE OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS 1. Switching device 2. Base body 3a, b Support wall 4a, b Range of switching 5 Stacking 6 Stud segment 7 Disk device 8a, b Disk body 10a, b End face 11a, b Crimped segment 12a, b Snap-in arrangement 13a, b Snap-in organ 14a, b Crankshaft actuation 15a, b Lever 16a, b Index 17 Passage 18a, b Auxiliary circle I, II, III, IV Ramp segment25

Claims (8)

CLAIMS1 °) Disc device (7) of adjustable axial thickness comprising: a first disk body (8a), a second disk body (8b), the first and second disk body (8a, b) having on an axial end face as a front end face (10a, b), at least one ramp segment (I, II, III, IV) extending in the circumferential direction, * the disk bodies (8a, b) applying one against the other by their front face (10a, b), and * by the relative rotational movement of the two disk bodies (8a, b), the axial thickness of the disk device (7) is adjusted. ), * the first disk body (8a) having a toothed segment (11a) and the second disk body (8b), a latching device (12b) for making a detachable engagement in the toothed segment (11a) of the first disk body (8a), disk device (7) in which the second disk body (8b) has a toothed segment (1 lb) and the first disk body (8a) a ratchet (12). a) for releasably engaging the toothed segment (1 lb) of the second disk body (8b), and at least one of the toothed segments (11a, b) formed as a front tooth segment and at least one one of the latching devices (12a, b) has a detent (13a, b) which disengages in the radial direction to engage the toothed segment (11a, b). 2) Disc device (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is an assembly standing of itself. Disc device (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the latching devices (12a, b) comprises an actuating member (14a, b) for rotating the body of disc (8a, b) in a release direction and at the same time release the ratchet (12a, b), and turning the disk body (8a, b) in a relative direction, in the direction of release, the axial thickness of the disk device (7) is increased. 4) Disc device (7) according to claim 3, characterized in that by actuating the actuating member (14a, b) in the locking direction, the latching device (12a) is latched. , b). 5 °) disc device (7) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the latching member (13a, b) and the actuating member (14a, b) are on a common lever (15a , b). Disk device (7) according to Claim 1, characterized in that each latching device (12a, b) comprises an actuating member (14a, b) for a minimum axial thickness of the disk device ( 7), the actuating members (14a, b) have an intermediate angle α less than 120 °, preferably less than 95 °, and decreasing the intermediate angle α, the axial thickness of the disk device is increased ( 7). 7 °) disk device (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that the two disk bodies (8a, b) are plastic parts. 8 °) disc device (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that the two disk bodies (8a, b) are of identical construction.9 °) Vehicle switching device (1) comprising a set of components ( 4a, b), installed in the form of a stack (5) on a common dowel segment (6), characterized in that the stack (5) comprises a disk device (7) according to which - conque of claims 1 to 8.10