FR3016955A1 - Procede et centrale de torrefaction de biomasse - Google Patents
Procede et centrale de torrefaction de biomasse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR3016955A1 FR3016955A1 FR1450656A FR1450656A FR3016955A1 FR 3016955 A1 FR3016955 A1 FR 3016955A1 FR 1450656 A FR1450656 A FR 1450656A FR 1450656 A FR1450656 A FR 1450656A FR 3016955 A1 FR3016955 A1 FR 3016955A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- column
- gases
- roasting
- gas circuit
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 206
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 9
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002029 lignocellulosic biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011805 ball Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/06—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated according to the moving bed type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B3/00—Coke ovens with vertical chambers
- C10B3/02—Coke ovens with vertical chambers with heat-exchange devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
- C10L9/083—Torrefaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/06—Heat exchange, direct or indirect
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/60—Measuring or analysing fractions, components or impurities or process conditions during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
Description
Claims (16)
- REVENDICATIONS1.- Procédé de torréfaction de biomasse, comprenant l'écoulement gravitaire de biomasse du haut vers le bas d'une colonne (4) à contre-courant de gaz chauds circulant du bas vers le haut de la colonne (4), avec établissement d'un gradient de température croissant du haut vers le bas de la colonne (4), la récupération des gaz en haut de la colonne et leur recyclage en bas de la colonne (4) à l'aide d'un circuit de gaz (12) de sorte que les gaz circulent en boucle fermée dans la colonne (4) et le circuit de gaz (12), et le chauffage des gaz récupérés par passage au travers d'un échangeur thermique (16) avant leur recyclage en bas de la colonne (4).
- 2.- Procédé de torréfaction selon la revendication 1, comprenant une phase de préparation comprenant le remplissage de la colonne (4) et du circuit de gaz (12) avec un gaz inerte.
- 3.- Procédé de torréfaction selon la revendication 2, dans lequel, à l'issue de la phase de préparation, la pression dans la colonne (4) et le circuit de gaz (12) est inférieure à 0,5 bar,
- 4.- Procédé de torréfaction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant le traitement des gaz récupérés en haut de la colonne (4) par passage dans un condenseur (20) avant leur recyclage en bas de la colonne (4).
- 5.- Procédé de torréfaction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant le traitement des gaz récupérés en haut de la colonne (4) par passage dans au moins un dispositif de filtrage (23, 22) pour filtrer les particules solides contenu dans lez gaz, avant leur recyclage en bas de la colonne (4).
- 6.- Procédé de torréfaction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant le maintien d'une pression inférieure à 0,5 bar à l'intérieur de la colonne (4), par exemple par régulation d'un débit de gaz évacué de la colonne (4) et/ou du circuit de gaz (12) à l'aide d'une vanne (24).
- 7.- Procédé de torréfaction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant l'évacuation de gaz en excès hors de la colonne (4) et/ou du circuit de gaz (12) pour limiter et réguler la pression dans la colonne (4).
- 8.- Procédé de torréfaction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant l'ajout de gaz inerte aux gaz circulant dans la colonne (4) et le circuit de gaz (12) lorsque la teneur en monoxyde de carbone des gaz circulant dans la colonne (4) et le circuit de gaz (12) dépasse un seuil déterminé.
- 9.- Procédé de torréfaction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, en phase de production stabilisée, les gaz sont introduits enbas de la colonne à une température comprise entre 200°C et 350°C, de préférence comprise entre 240°C et 280°C.
- 10.- Centrale de torréfaction de biomasse, comprenant une colonne (4) pour le mouvement gravitaire de la biomasse du haut vers le bas de la colonne (4) à contre- courant de gaz chauds circulant du bas vers le haut de la colonne (4), et un circuit de gaz (12) agencé pour récupérer les gaz en haut de la colonne (4) et réinjecter les gaz en bas de la colonne (4) de sorte que les gaz circulent en boucle fermée dans la colonne (4) et le circuit de gaz (12), dans laquelle le circuit de gaz comprend un échangeur thermique (16) pour le chauffage des gaz récupérés en haut de la colonne (4) avant leur injection en bas de la colonne (4).
- 11.- Centrale de torréfaction selon la revendication 10, comprenant une source de gaz inerte (26) pour injecter du gaz inerte dans la colonne (4) et le circuit de gaz (12).
- 12.- Centrale de torréfaction selon la revendication 11, comprenant un capteur de monoxyde de carbone (28) pour déterminer la teneur en monoxyde de carbone des gaz circulant en boucle fermée.
- 13.- Centrale de torréfaction selon la revendication 11, comprenant un capteur de dioxygène (29) pour déterminer la teneur en dioxygène des gaz circulant en boucle fermée.
- 14.- Centrale de torréfaction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, dans lequel le circuit de gaz (12) comprend un condenseur (20) pour condenser des composés organiques contenus dans les gaz récupérés en haut de la colonne, de préférence avant leur passage dans l'échangeur thermique.
- 15.- Centrale de torréfaction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14, comprenant un séparateur de particules solides (22) pour séparer des particules solides des gaz récupérés en haut de la colonne (4), de préférence avant leur passage dans l'échangeur thermique (16).
- 16.- Centrale de torréfaction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 15, comprenant au moins une vanne de régulation (24) pour évacuer du gaz de la colonne (4) ou du circuit de gaz (12).
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1450656A FR3016955B1 (fr) | 2014-01-27 | 2014-01-27 | Procede et centrale de torrefaction de biomasse |
PCT/EP2015/051597 WO2015110653A1 (fr) | 2014-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Procédé et centrale de torréfaction de biomasse |
US15/114,561 US10526543B2 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Method and plant for roasting biomass |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1450656 | 2014-01-27 | ||
FR1450656A FR3016955B1 (fr) | 2014-01-27 | 2014-01-27 | Procede et centrale de torrefaction de biomasse |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR3016955A1 true FR3016955A1 (fr) | 2015-07-31 |
FR3016955B1 FR3016955B1 (fr) | 2019-05-24 |
Family
ID=50639725
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR1450656A Active FR3016955B1 (fr) | 2014-01-27 | 2014-01-27 | Procede et centrale de torrefaction de biomasse |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10526543B2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3016955B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015110653A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1029541B1 (fr) | 2021-06-30 | 2023-01-30 | Eloy Water Group | Matériau filtrant destiné au traitement des eaux usées |
AU2022304246A1 (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2023-12-21 | Eloy Water Sa | Filter material intended for the treatment of wastewater and/or rainwater |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007000548A2 (fr) * | 2005-05-23 | 2007-01-04 | Thermya | Procede et installation de traitement de materiaux solides organiques |
US20100083530A1 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2010-04-08 | Wyssmont Co. Inc. | System and method for drying and torrefaction |
US20100242351A1 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | Terra Green Energy, Llc | System and method for preparation of solid biomass by torrefaction |
US20120266485A1 (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2012-10-25 | Proactor Schutzrechtsverwaltungsgmbh | Device and method for creating a fine-grained fuel from solid or paste-like raw energy materials by means of torrefaction and crushing |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2734741B1 (fr) * | 1995-05-31 | 1997-08-22 | Beaumartin Sa | Procede de recyclage des bois traites et l'installation de mise en oeuvre du procede |
-
2014
- 2014-01-27 FR FR1450656A patent/FR3016955B1/fr active Active
-
2015
- 2015-01-27 US US15/114,561 patent/US10526543B2/en active Active
- 2015-01-27 WO PCT/EP2015/051597 patent/WO2015110653A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007000548A2 (fr) * | 2005-05-23 | 2007-01-04 | Thermya | Procede et installation de traitement de materiaux solides organiques |
US20100083530A1 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2010-04-08 | Wyssmont Co. Inc. | System and method for drying and torrefaction |
US20100242351A1 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | Terra Green Energy, Llc | System and method for preparation of solid biomass by torrefaction |
US20120266485A1 (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2012-10-25 | Proactor Schutzrechtsverwaltungsgmbh | Device and method for creating a fine-grained fuel from solid or paste-like raw energy materials by means of torrefaction and crushing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20170130132A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
FR3016955B1 (fr) | 2019-05-24 |
US10526543B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 |
WO2015110653A1 (fr) | 2015-07-30 |
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