FR3011569A1 - PARASISMIC DEVICE OF A BELL, CONSTRUCTION ASSEMBLY, AND ASSOCIATED MOUNTING METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a seismic device (2) for partition (3), designed to be positioned between a supporting structure (5) and a partition (3) intended to be positioned vertically above said supporting structure (5) , said partition (3) comprising at least one row (3a, 3b, 3c) comprising a series of construction elements (4) arranged in line, the seismic device (2) comprising: - at least one rail (10) designed to be fixed at least partially in the carrier structure (5), at least one fastener (12) shaped to bind each construction element (4) of the row (3a) with said rail (10). The invention also relates to a seismic construction assembly (1) and the method of mounting the latter.

Description

The invention relates to the field of buildings built in a seismic zone and more particularly the seismic means used for the construction of these buildings. The construction of buildings in seismic zones is strictly supervised and standardized. The main constraint is that the non-structural elements must be attached to the so-called carrier structure. For the masonry partitions, a blockage at the head of the partition must be ensured against these structures and must allow the anti-spill of the partition when it is subjected to so-called horizontal seismic actions or substantially parallel to the ground , and also allow the so-called vertical displacement or substantially perpendicular to the floor of the partition without falling elements. There are many solutions to overcome the spill while allowing the vertical movement of the partition. Generally, the spill and the vertical displacement are palliated by positioning continuous angles on either side of the head of the partition, and by injecting a compressible material such as a mineral insulator or polyurethane foam between the supporting structure. and the partition. However, the addition of continuous angles along the partition head is not sufficient to prevent the falling of elements of the partition. In addition, these solutions are unsightly and the finishes made are still visible, which depreciates the value of the shell, does not reassure buyers of this type of buildings vis-à-vis the quality of construction, and exposes the means earthquake resistant to external conditions thus causing premature wear. The object of the invention is to remedy all or some of the aforementioned drawbacks. The invention relates to a seismic device for partition, designed to be positioned between a support structure and a partition intended to be positioned vertically above said support structure, said partition comprising at least one row comprising a series of elements. characterized in that the seismic device comprises: - at least one rail designed to be fixed at least partially in the carrier structure, - at least one fastener shaped to bind each construction element of the row with said rail. According to the invention, each fastener connects a construction element of the same row to the support structure, which has the advantage for the partition to be more robust against the spill because the multiplication of the attachment points allows a better holding of the partition in case of earthquakes. In addition, each fastener interposed between two building elements is hidden by these building elements.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the attachment of the seismic device comprises a sliding portion designed to slide in or on the rail, a fixing portion intended to be fixed on the partition and / or inserted in the partition, and a central portion adapted to bind the sliding portion and the attachment portion.

Advantageously, the sliding portion comprises a central portion of which extends at least one curved fin intended to rest on a fin of the rail to slide on the latter. Alternatively, the rail comprises a core and at least two fins curved and arranged on either side of the core. The sliding portion comprises at least one fin intended to slide in the grooves created by the bending of each fin of the rail. According to another characteristic of the invention, the central portion of the fastener is shaped so that the sliding portion and the fixing portion are disposed substantially perpendicular to one another. According to another characteristic of the invention, the rail comprises a plurality of fins which extend from the web of the rail, said fins extending along the rail symmetrically with respect to the core and being spaced apart. each other. This configuration allows the insertion of a clip into a space 30 created between two fins on the same side of the rail, and once inserted, said clip rests on at least one pair of rail fins. The spaced arrangement of the fins of the rail saves time in the establishment of the fasteners since the sliding of the fastener is reduced. The invention also relates to a seismic construction assembly 35 comprising a supporting structure directly above which is positioned a partition, said partition comprising at least one row, each row comprising a series of construction elements arranged in line, the seismic construction assembly further comprising a seismic device as described above. According to another characteristic of the invention, a space is formed between the rail and the partition, said space being intended to be filled by a compressible filling material shaped to allow movement of the partition relative to the supporting structure. Thus, the seismic device is invisible since the rail and each fastener connecting the carrier structure to the partition, are protected and embedded in the compressible filler material. In addition, the use of a compressible filling material in the space allows the displacements of the partition relative to the supporting structure, to prevent the partition from coming out of its plane by compressing the latter, and to cope with the so-called parallelogram layout of the partition. In addition, the filler material participates in blocking the partition in its upper part. Preferably, the compressible filling material is a polyurethane foam. Alternatively, the compressible filler material is a foam comprising a flexible and adhesive material of the silicone sealant type or the like. According to another characteristic of the invention, the partition comprises several rows, and the seismic device is positioned between the supporting structure and a so-called upper row of the partition, the upper row being proximal to the supporting structure with respect to the other rows of the 25 partition. With this configuration, the head of the partition that corresponds to the upper row of building elements is thus blocked, avoiding any spillage of the partition. Preferably, the partition is a masonry wall and the building elements are alveolar or solid bricks. Advantageously, the dimensions of the elements of the upper row make it possible to take into account the thickness of the rail plus the distance necessary to correspond to the maximum vertical displacement allowed of the partition. Advantageously, the fastener is fixed on or in the construction element of the upper row of the partition, at the level of the fastening portion, by fixing means. Preferably, the fastening means are screws which fix the fixing portion of the fastener to the construction element. In the case of honeycomb structural elements, the fastening portion of the fastener can be folded and inserted into a cell of said construction element and is then fixed by the fixing means described above. According to a characteristic of the invention, each construction element of the upper row comprises a face intended to be in contact with a face of another construction element of the same row, said face being intended to be joined with said face of the other building element. Advantageously, at least a portion of a face of each building element is intended to be glued so that the building elements are joined by gluing. The sizing of the faces of the building elements is such that the vertical displacement of the wall is impeded by the glue. Preferably, the construction elements are assembled by interlocking, before final gluing of the elements between them: the elements are glued, nested and then permanently glued. According to another characteristic of the invention, the bonding of the construction elements can be carried out once all the construction elements of the higher row have been laid. Of course, according to the invention, the building elements can be nested and placed without prior or subsequent gluing. According to another characteristic of the invention, each construction element of the upper row of the partition comprises at least one face intended to be in contact with one face of another construction element of the upper row, each face comprising at least one groove shaped to accommodate at least a portion of at least one key, said key being shaped to join two building elements of the upper row together. According to another characteristic of the invention, the at least one key is a constituent element of the securing portion of the attachment of the seismic device. Advantageously, the attachment portion of the attachment of the seismic device comprises a central portion of which extend at least two fins, disposed on either side of the central portion, the two fins being bent and shaped to form keys extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the face of the building element.

Alternatively, the at least one key is an insert, inserted by force into a groove of the construction element. According to another characteristic of the invention, each construction element of the upper row comprises two opposite faces, a first face comprising at least one rib extending at least partially along said first face and a second face comprising a groove. arranged at least partially along said second face, the first face of a first construction element being adapted to cooperate via the rib with the groove of a second face of a second construction element. This configuration allows the construction elements of the upper row to be interlocked with one another reliably and simply. The invention also relates to a method of mounting a seismic construction assembly according to the invention, comprising the following steps: - fixing a rail of a seismic device according to the invention 20 on a supporting structure, - positioning and installation of a construction element of the upper row, insertion into the rail of a fastener of the seismic device, sliding of the fastener to the fixing in and / or on the face of a construction element. repeating the previous steps for each structural element in the upper row, until the partition is fully assembled, and injecting a compressible filler material between the supporting structure and the partition. Advantageously, the surplus of compressible filler material is cut after drying. According to another characteristic of the invention, an additional step carried out between each laying of a construction element and consisting of at least a partial gluing of a face of a construction element of the upper row, said face being intended to be in contact with another face of another building element of the upper row. According to another characteristic of the invention, an additional step performed after the gluing step consists in fitting a construction element with the following, by interlocking means such as ribs or keys cooperating with grooves by complementarity of form. After the interlocking of the building elements, said elements are permanently bonded to each other. According to another characteristic of the invention, a finishing step is performed at the end of the assembly of the seismic construction assembly and consists of the establishment of a flexible joint strip or a corner profile. adapted, for example polyvinyl chloride and laying a coating on the wall. The invention will be better understood, thanks to the following description, which refers to preferred embodiments according to the present invention, given as non-limiting examples and explained with reference to the appended schematic drawings, in which: FIG. 1A is a partial perspective view of the assembly of the seismic construction assembly according to the invention, FIG. 1B is a partial perspective view of the seismic construction assembly shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 2 is a partial front view of the building assembly shown in FIG. 1B; FIG. 3A is a schematic detail view of a rail and attachment assembly of a seismic device according to the invention; FIG. 3B is a diagrammatic detail view of a rail assembly and attachment of a seismic device 30 according to the invention according to a variant of the assembly represented in FIG. 3A; FIG. 4 is a view partial perspective view of a rail assembly and attachment of a seismic device according to the invention, according to an alternative embodiment of the rail, - Figure 5 is a partial perspective view of the seismic construction assembly according to l According to a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of the seismic construction assembly according to the invention according to a variant of the first embodiment of assembly shown in FIG. 5; FIG. a partial front view of the seismic construction assembly according to the invention according to a second assembly mode, - Figure 8 is a partial front view of the seismic construction assembly according to the invention according to a variant of the second assembly method shown in Figure 7, - Figure 9 is a partial perspective view of the seismic construction assembly according to the invention according to a third method of assembly, and - Figure 10 is a part view. lle in perspective of the seismic construction assembly according to the invention according to a fourth assembly mode.

According to the invention and as represented in FIG. 1A, the seismic device 2 comprises a rail 10 fixed on the supporting structure 5 of a building. The rail 10 is fixed before the installation of the partition 3 and is dimensioned to correspond to the partition 3. The rail 10 comprises a core of which extend two fins on either side of said core. The fins of the rail are bent on themselves so as to create sliding grooves so that the sliding portion 12a of the clip can rest on and slide on said fins, as shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, 5.7 at 10, and more in detail in Figure 3A.

According to the invention, the rail 10 may also comprise planar fins which are intended to accommodate the sliding portion 12a of the clip 12, which, in this configuration and as shown in FIGS. 3B, 4 and 6, comprises curved fins which surround the flat fins of the rail 10 and slide on the latter.

In addition, and as illustrated in FIG. 4, the rail may comprise a plurality of fins disposed along the core, the fins being spaced from one another so that a clip 12 can fit into the space created and slide on a pair of fins. As shown in FIG. 2, the partition 3 is erected perpendicular to the supporting structure 5 facing the rail 10. The partition comprises several rows 3a, 3b, 3c, and so on. ... of building elements 4 aligned next to each other. According to the invention, the building elements 4 comprise at least two opposite faces 6a, 6b, extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to that of the support structure 5. In the disclosure of the invention, the face referenced 6a corresponds to the face of the construction element 4 on which the fastener 12 is fastened. At least one of the faces 6a, 6b of a construction element 4 is intended to be in contact with a face 6a, 6b of Another structural element 4. The upper row 3b, proximal to the supporting structure 5, comprises construction elements 4 which are dimensioned to take into account the thickness of the rail 10 and the necessary distance corresponding to the maximum authorized displacement of the partition 3 with respect to the supporting structure 5. A space is provided between the supporting structure 5 and the partition 3, this space being intended to be filled later by a compressible material 11 filling and matching to the space required to absorb the displacement of the supporting structure 5 relative to the partition 3. The seismic device 2 is put in place as the construction of the upper row 3b of the partition 3. As illustrated in FIG. 1A, a first construction element 4 is placed, then a fastener 12, constituting the earthquake-proof device 2, is slid into the rail 10, as far as the building element 4 placed. The clip 12 comprises a sliding portion 12a, a fixing portion 12c, and a central portion 12b adapted to bond the sliding portion 12a and the fixing portion 12c. According to the invention, the central portion 12b of the fastener 12 is shaped so that the sliding portion 12a and the fastening portion 12c are disposed substantially perpendicularly relative to each other. In the example illustrated in FIG. 1A, the fixing portion 12c is folded to fit into a cell of the construction element 4.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the example in which the building elements 4 are honeycomb elements and if the construction element 4 did not have a cell, the clip 12 would simply be fixed against the wall. construction element 4, without insertion fold.

Once the fastener 12 is put into place, it is fixed by means of fastening means, preferably screw type, on the construction element 4. More precisely and as shown in FIG. 1B, the portion 12c of the fastener 12 comprises recesses receiving the fastening means which fix the fixing portion 12c to a face 6a of the construction element 4.

Before positioning a second construction element 4 on the upper row 3b of the partition 3, the face 6a of the first construction element placed and the face 6b of the second construction element 4 which is intended to be in contact with the face 6a of the first element 4, are glued. Once the building elements 4 glued, positioning the second building element 4 of the upper row 3b of the partition 3 until bonding the building elements 4 between them. The operation is repeated for all the building elements 4 of the upper row 3b. According to one embodiment, the building elements 4 of the upper row 3b can be nested before being permanently bonded to each other. The faces 6a, 6b comprise interlocking means for correctly positioning the building elements 4 relative to each other during assembly and final bonding. The various methods of interlocking assembly according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 5 to 10 and described hereinafter. FIG. 5 represents a first assembly mode in which a groove 8 is formed substantially in the center of the faces 6a, 6b of the construction element 4. On one of the faces 6a, is fixed the fastening portion 12c of the fastener 12. This fastening portion 12c comprises a groove 30 opening substantially the same size as the groove 8 and superimposed at least partially on the groove 8. In the groove 8 of the face 6a having the fastener 12, a key 7 is inserted into strength. A part of said key 7 protrudes from the face 6a of the building element 4 and is intended to fit into the groove 8 formed on the face 6b of another construction element 4, said face 6b the other construction element 4 being intended to be assembled with the construction element 4 comprising the key 7. Preferably and as illustrated in FIG. 5, the key 7 is inserted into the groove 8 at the groove of the portion fastening 12c of the fastener 12. Of course, it is possible to insert several keys 7 in the groove 8.

Alternatively, and as shown in Figure 6, the fixing portion 12c comprises a recess corresponding to the groove 8 formed on the face 6a of the building element and superimposed thereon. The key 7 is inserted into the recess of the fixing portion 12c. FIG. 7 shows a second assembly mode in which each face 6a, 6b of the construction element 4 is provided with two grooves 8 positioned near the outer edges of the face 6a, 6b of the construction element 4 These grooves 8 extend at least partially along the face 6a, 6b. One of the faces 6a of the construction element 4, on which the fastener 12 is fixed, is provided with two keys 7, forcibly inserted into each groove 8. Part of the keys 7 is projecting relative to the face 6a of the construction element 4 is intended to be inserted in the grooves 8 formed on the face 6b of another construction element 4, said face 6b of the other construction element 4 being intended to be assembled with the construction element 4 comprising the keys 7. In the examples illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7, the keys are elements that are attached and forcibly inserted in grooves formed in the faces 6a, 6b of the building elements 4.

Of course, according to the invention, the keys 7 could be elements integrated directly to a face 6a of the construction element or integrated with another element, such as for example the fastener 12 of the seismic device 2 as illustrated in FIG. FIG. 8 is a variant of the second assembly mode. The keys 7 are integral parts of the fastener 12 and more particularly of the fastening portion 12c of the fastener 12. As shown in FIG. 8, the fastening portion 12c comprises two fins on either side of a body The fins are curved on themselves and extend in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the face 6a of the building element 4. The fins form wedges 7, intended to be inserted by force into the grooves 8 of another construction element 4. For greater strength in the assembly, the keys 7 are shaped to be partly inside the grooves 8 formed on the face 6a of the construction element comprising the fastener 12. Of course, in one embodiment not shown, it is possible to combine, according to the invention, keys 7 reported with fasteners 12 provided with keys 7. The figure 9 shows a third method of assembly in which the faces 6a, 6b of the building elements 4 are provided with two grooves 8. The building elements 4 are nested within each other by means of the fastener 12. More specifically, the fixing portion 12c comprises at least two pairs of fins 13a, 13b which are shaped to be inserted into at least one groove 8 of one of the building elements 4. In the example illustrated in FIG. 9 the fixing portion 12c of the fastener 12 comprises a first pair of fins 13a intended to be inserted into the grooves 8 formed on the face 6b of a construction element 4. The fixing portion 12c also comprises a pair of fins 13b which are inserted in the grooves 8 of the face 6a on which the fastener 12 is fixed. FIG. 10 represents a fourth assembly mode in which the construction elements 4 comprise a lacquer face 6a. the tie 12 is fixed and on which is formed two ribs 9. The ribs 9 are arranged substantially near the outer edges of the face 6a and extend at least partially along the face 6a of the element construction. According to the fourth embodiment, the building elements 4 comprise an opposite face 6b (not shown) to the face 6a, on which are provided two grooves (not shown) intended to cooperate with the ribs 9 of the face 6a of FIG. Another element of construction 4. Of course, the ribs 9 may be provided on any of the faces 6a, 6b and the same for the corresponding grooves. Indeed, it may be possible, in a variant (not shown) of this fourth embodiment, to provide a construction element 4 comprising a first face with a rib on an outer edge and a groove on the other outer edge. and a second face with the reverse arrangement so that these faces can be assembled by shape complementarity. Once the construction elements 4 are nested and glued together to form the upper row 3b, a compressible filling material 11 is injected between the supporting structure 5 and the mounted partition 3. The compressible material 11 drowns the seismic device 2 for a definitive locking of the upper part of the partition and form a seismic construction assembly 10, as can be seen in FIGS. 1B, 2, 5, 7 to 10. As illustrated by FIG. example in Figure 1B, the building elements 4 are provided with anchoring points allowing the compressible material 11 to come to fill these points to secure the assembly.

The compressible filling material 11 is preferably polyurethane foam, which after drying is cut off to remove excess material. Once the seismic construction assembly 1 has been made, a flexible joint strip or a suitable corner profile, for example made of polyvinyl chloride, is positioned on either side of the assembly and the partition is coated. brute. Of course, the number of grooves, keys or ribs or any other element is not limited to the examples illustrated and described above. According to the invention, the solutions described above are fully exploitable for the vertical junctions of the partition with the shell but also for the horizontal junctions, substantially parallel to the ground, of the partition with the shell. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown in the accompanying figures. Modifications remain possible, particularly from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

REVENDICATIONS1. Seismic device (2) for partition (3), designed to be positioned between a supporting structure (5) and a partition (3) intended to be positioned vertically above said supporting structure (5), said partition (3) comprising at least one row (3a, 3b, 3c) comprising a series of elements of construction (4) arranged in line, characterized in that the seismic device (2) comprises: - at least one rail (10) designed to be fixed at least partially in the carrier structure (5), - at least one fastener (12) shaped to bond each construction element (4) of the row (3a) with said rail (10). 2. A seismic device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastener (12) of the seismic device (2) comprises a sliding portion (12a) adapted to slide in or on the rail (10), a fixing portion ( 12c) intended to be fixed to the partition (3) and / or inserted in the partition (3), and a central portion (12b) adapted to link the sliding portion (12a) and the fixing portion (12c). 20 3. seismic device according to claim 2, characterized in that the central portion (12b) of the fastener (12) is shaped so that the sliding portion (12a) and the fastening portion (12c) are arranged substantially perpendicularly the one compared to the other. 25 4. A seismic construction assembly (1) comprising a supporting structure (5) directly above which is positioned a partition (3), said partition (3) having at least one row (3a, 3b, 3c), each row (3a, 3b, 3c) comprising a series of construction elements (4) arranged in line, characterized in that the seismic construction assembly (1) comprises a seismic device (2) according to any one of the claims 1 to 3. 5. seismic construction assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that a space is formed between the rail (10) and the partition (3), said space being intended to be filled by a compressible material (11) allow the partition (3) to move relative to the supporting structure (5). 6. Seismic building assembly according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the partition (3) comprises several rows (3a, 3b, 3c), and in that the seismic device (2) is positioned between the supporting structure (5) and a so-called upper row (3a) of the partition (3), the upper row (3a) being proximal to the supporting structure (5) with respect to the other rows (3b, 3c) of the partition ( 3). 7. Seismic building assembly according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that each building element (4) of the upper row (3a) of the partition (3) comprises at least one face (6a, 6b ) intended to be in contact with one face (6a, 6b) of another construction element (4) of the upper row (3a), each face (6a, 6b) comprising at least one groove (8) shaped to accommodating at least a portion of at least one key (7), said key (7) being shaped to join two building elements (4) of the upper row (3a) together. 8. A seismic construction assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least one key (7) is a constituent element of the fastening portion (12c) of the fastener (12) of the seismic device (2). 9. seismic construction assembly according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that each building element (4) of the upper row (3a) comprises two opposite faces (6a, 6b), a first face (6a ) having at least one rib (9) extending at least partially along said first face (6a) and a second face (6b) including a groove (8) provided at least partially along said second face (6b) , the first face (6a) of a first construction element (4) being intended to cooperate via the rib (9) with the groove (8) of a second face (6b) of a second construction element (4). ). 10. A method of mounting a seismic construction assembly (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - fixing a rail (10) on a load-bearing structure (5) of a seismic device (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, - positioning and installation of a construction element (4) of the upper row (3a), - insertion into the rail (10) ) of a fastener (12) of the seismic device (2), - sliding of the fastener (12) to the fixation in and / or on the face (6a, 6b) of a construction element (4) - repeating the previous steps for each building element (4) of the upper row (3a), until the partition (3) is fully assembled, and - injecting a compressible material (11) filling between the supporting structure (5) and the partition (3). 11. A method of assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that an additional step performed between each installation of a construction element (4) and consisting of at least partial gluing of a face (6a, 6b) of a construction element (4) of the upper row (3a), said face (6a, 6b) being intended to be in contact with another face (6a, 6b) of another construction element (4) of the row superior (3a).