FR3010917A1 - CRYOGENIC CRUSHER WITH IMMERSION - Google Patents
CRYOGENIC CRUSHER WITH IMMERSION Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR3010917A1 FR3010917A1 FR1359214A FR1359214A FR3010917A1 FR 3010917 A1 FR3010917 A1 FR 3010917A1 FR 1359214 A FR1359214 A FR 1359214A FR 1359214 A FR1359214 A FR 1359214A FR 3010917 A1 FR3010917 A1 FR 3010917A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- mill
- bath
- piles
- cryogenic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 title description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010002660 Anoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000976983 Anoxia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007953 anoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
- B02C23/36—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy the crushing or disintegrating zone being submerged in liquid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé de broyage de piles, les piles étant broyées dans un broyeur (1), se caractérisant en ce que le broyeur est en tout ou partie immergé dans un bain (4, 6) d'un liquide cryogénique, préférentiellement de l'azote liquide.The invention relates to a method of grinding piles, the piles being crushed in a mill (1), characterized in that the mill is wholly or partially immersed in a bath (4, 6) of a cryogenic liquid, preferably liquid nitrogen.
Description
La présente invention concerne le domaine du broyage de piles, et s'intéresse plus particulièrement aux piles lithium métal et lithium ion, en s'attachant à minimiser les risques d'explosion.The present invention relates to the field of battery grinding, and is more particularly concerned with lithium metal and lithium ion batteries, with a focus on minimizing the risk of explosion.
Dans ce domaine du broyage des piles, tout comme dans le cas du broyage de récipients contenant une poudre, tels que par exemple des cartouches de toner pour des photocopieuses ou des imprimantes laser, les dispositifs connus de broyage comprennent un broyeur disposé dans une enceinte de confinement de la poudre libérée lors du broyage.In this field of grinding piles, as in the case of the grinding of containers containing a powder, such as for example toner cartridges for photocopiers or laser printers, the known grinding devices comprise a grinder disposed in a chamber of the invention. confinement of the powder released during grinding.
Les poudres ainsi libérées sont mélangées à de l'air ambiant et se trouvent en partie en suspension dans l'enceinte de confinement, créant ainsi, sous certaines conditions, un mélange inflammable et/ou explosif. Actuellement, les systèmes de broyage de piles adoptent à une grande majorité la configuration suivante : une trémie de chargement surmonte un broyeur qui se présente sous la forme d'un cylindre aux parois perforées et qui est muni de galets broyeur, l'installation comprenant par ailleurs un système de récupération des broyats en partie inférieure (par exemple déversant sur un tapis roulant). Toutes ces parties sont en contact avec l'air environnant.The powders thus released are mixed with ambient air and are partly suspended in the confinement chamber, thus creating, under certain conditions, a flammable and / or explosive mixture. At present, the majority of the battery grinding systems have the following configuration: a loading hopper surmounts a mill which is in the form of a cylinder with perforated walls and which is provided with grinding rollers, the installation comprising by moreover, a system for recovering crushed materials at the bottom (for example pouring on a conveyor belt). All these parts are in contact with the surrounding air.
On a alors proposé dans ces industries d'effectuer un tel broyage sous atmosphère inerte, mais de telles conditions d'inertage n'évitent pas les phénomènes d'échauffement durant le broyage.It has then been proposed in these industries to carry out such grinding under an inert atmosphere, but such inerting conditions do not prevent the heating phenomena during grinding.
On a également proposé un broyage cryogénique, où les piles sont pré- refroidies avant broyage, par immersion dans un bain de cryogène, par exemple d'azote liquide, mais le broyeur n'étant pas inerté le risque d'explosion est toujours élevé.It has also been proposed a cryogenic grinding, where the stacks are pre-cooled before grinding, by immersion in a cryogen bath, for example liquid nitrogen, but the mill is not inert the risk of explosion is always high.
On s'attache alors selon la présente invention à proposer un procédé amélioré de broyage de piles, et notamment de piles lithium métal et lithium ion, permettant d'une part de limiter les phénomènes d'échauffement, mais également de minimiser les risques d'explosion, tout en limitant la consommation de gaz. A cette fin, la présente invention concerne un procédé de broyage de piles, les piles étant broyées dans un broyeur, se caractérisant en ce que le broyeur est en tout ou partie immergé dans un bain d'un liquide cryogénique, préférentiellement de l'azote liquide. L'invention concerne également une installation de broyage de piles, qui comprend un broyeur, se caractérisant en ce que le broyeur est en tout ou partie immergé dans un bain d'un liquide cryogénique, préférentiellement de l'azote liquide. Comme il apparaitra clairement à l'homme du métier, une telle mise en oeuvre se révèle extrêmement avantageuse à plus d'un titre : - le broyage a lieu a froid, et l'on limite donc bien ici les risques d'échauffement du contenu des piles ; - mais par ailleurs la vaporisation du cryogène, par exemple de l'azote liquide, permet d'inerter (ou à tout le moins d'abaisser la teneur résiduelle en oxygène en deçà d'une limite acceptable, par exemple 1 %) l'atmosphère environnant le broyeur, et notamment à titre d'exemple de la trémie de chargement du broyeur quand une telle trémie est présente dans l'installation. Une seule mise en oeuvre de gaz (de cryogène en l'occurrence) permet à la fois de broyer en conditions refroidies (risques d'échauffement) et d'inerter les environs du broyeur. - selon un mode de mise en oeuvre avantageux de l'invention, les broyas sont récupérés dans le bain de cryogène, avant d'être évacués vers l'extérieur de l'installation.It is then attached according to the present invention to provide an improved method of grinding batteries, including lithium metal and lithium ion batteries, on the one hand to limit the heating phenomena, but also to minimize the risks of explosion, while limiting gas consumption. To this end, the present invention relates to a method of grinding piles, the piles being crushed in a mill, characterized in that the mill is wholly or partially immersed in a bath of a cryogenic liquid, preferably nitrogen liquid. The invention also relates to a battery grinding plant, which comprises a mill, characterized in that the mill is totally or partially immersed in a bath of a cryogenic liquid, preferably liquid nitrogen. As will be clear to those skilled in the art, such an implementation proves to be extremely advantageous for more than one reason: the grinding takes place cold, and therefore the risks of heating the contents are well limited here; batteries ; - But also the vaporization of the cryogen, for example liquid nitrogen, allows to inert (or at least to lower the residual oxygen content below an acceptable limit, for example 1%). atmosphere surrounding the mill, and particularly as an example of the hopper loading the mill when such a hopper is present in the plant. A single use of gas (cryogen in this case) allows both to grind in cooled conditions (risk of heating) and to inert the surroundings of the mill. - According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the broyas are recovered in the cryogen bath, before being discharged to the outside of the installation.
La figure 1 annexée est une représentation schématique partielle d'une installation convenant pour la mise en oeuvre de l'invention.Figure 1 attached is a partial schematic representation of an installation suitable for the implementation of the invention.
On reconnait sur la figure 1 les éléments suivants : - le broyeur 1 se présente sous la forme d'un cylindre à paroi perforée (2) , broyeur de type muni de galets broyeurs 3; - les perforations 2 permettant à la fois le passage du liquide cryogénique et le crible de récupération des broyats vers le bas de l'enceinte mais d'autres modes de récupération sont bien entendu possibles ; - le broyeur 1 est inclus dans une enceinte 4, on ne détaillera pas ici le système de trappes 5 d'accès à l'enceinte et au broyeur, permettant notamment de munir l'ensemble d'un système d'alimentation en piles à broyer, par exemple une trémie coopérant avec l'enceinte et avec le broyeur (trémie non représentée ici) ; - l'installation comprend par ailleurs une arrivée 6 de liquide cryogénique, ici d'azote liquide, apte à créer en partie basse de l'enceinte un bain d'azote liquide où tout ou partie du cylindre est immergé; - comme on l'a dit précédemment, selon un mode de mise en oeuvre avantageux de l'invention, les broyas sont récupérés dans le bain de cryogène, avant d'être évacués vers l'extérieur de l'installation, la trappe 7 est utilisée à cette fin ; - on note également sur la figure la présence avantageuse d'un certain nombre d'équipements de contrôle et de sécurité et notamment : une sonde de niveau de liquide 8, un ensemble 9 de sécurité pression (soupape et disque de rupture), une vanne de purge 11 de l'atmosphère située en partie haute, un déverseur 12 (régulateur de pression amont) permettant le maintien dans l'enceinte d'une pression maximum. Cet équipement sécuritaire est donc très avantageux pour notamment : - éviter les surpressions dues à l'évaporation de l'azote liquide, - permettre de procéder à une purge de l'atmosphère (sous air au démarrage) et ainsi passer progressivement à une atmosphère à faible teneur résiduelle en oxygène (par exemple inférieure au %) - permettre l'évacuation des surpressions donc de l'azote et autres COV rejetés par les piles qui peuvent être collectés pour traitement et protection contre les risques d'anoxie.The following elements are recognized in FIG. 1: the mill 1 is in the form of a cylinder with a perforated wall (2), a mill of the type provided with grinding rollers 3; - The perforations 2 for both the passage of the cryogenic liquid and the trowel recovery screen down the enclosure but other modes of recovery are of course possible; - The mill 1 is included in a chamber 4, it will not detail here the access system 5 access to the enclosure and the mill, including providing a set of feed system grind batteries , for example a hopper cooperating with the enclosure and with the mill (hopper not shown here); - The installation further comprises an inlet 6 of cryogenic liquid, here liquid nitrogen, capable of creating in the lower part of the chamber a liquid nitrogen bath where all or part of the cylinder is immersed; - As previously mentioned, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the broyas are recovered in the cryogen bath, before being discharged to the outside of the installation, the hatch 7 is used for this purpose; the advantageous presence of a certain number of control and safety equipment is also noted in the figure, and in particular: a liquid level probe 8, a pressure safety assembly 9 (valve and rupture disk), a valve purge 11 of the atmosphere located in the upper part, a discharge 12 (upstream pressure regulator) for maintaining in the chamber a maximum pressure. This safe equipment is therefore very advantageous especially for: - avoiding overpressures due to the evaporation of liquid nitrogen, - allowing the atmosphere to be purged (under air at start-up) and thus gradually moving to an atmosphere at low residual oxygen content (eg less than%) - allow the evacuation of overpressures, therefore nitrogen and other VOCs released by the batteries that can be collected for treatment and protection against the risks of anoxia.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1359214A FR3010917B1 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2013-09-25 | CRYOGENIC CRUSHER WITH IMMERSION |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1359214A FR3010917B1 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2013-09-25 | CRYOGENIC CRUSHER WITH IMMERSION |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR3010917A1 true FR3010917A1 (en) | 2015-03-27 |
| FR3010917B1 FR3010917B1 (en) | 2017-04-28 |
Family
ID=49753370
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1359214A Active FR3010917B1 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2013-09-25 | CRYOGENIC CRUSHER WITH IMMERSION |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR3010917B1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108847507A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-20 | 湘潭大学 | Stagewise lithium ion battery terminal cutting method and device under a kind of liquid |
| CN108879009A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of oxygen-impermeable crack method of scrap lithium ion battery water proof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1589121A1 (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2005-10-26 | Umicore | Battery recycling |
| DE102009027179A1 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-30 | SB LiMotive Company Ltd., Suwon | Process for the safe shredding of lithium-ion batteries |
-
2013
- 2013-09-25 FR FR1359214A patent/FR3010917B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1589121A1 (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2005-10-26 | Umicore | Battery recycling |
| DE102009027179A1 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-30 | SB LiMotive Company Ltd., Suwon | Process for the safe shredding of lithium-ion batteries |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108847507A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-20 | 湘潭大学 | Stagewise lithium ion battery terminal cutting method and device under a kind of liquid |
| CN108879009A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of oxygen-impermeable crack method of scrap lithium ion battery water proof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3010917B1 (en) | 2017-04-28 |
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