FR2993754A1 - Picking off and sorting device for processing of harvest of bunches of small fruits such as grapes, has upstream and downstream units positioned remotely from transport surface to create passage primarily to evacuate fruits towards point - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has an upstream unit (1) that is ready to intercept the flow of bunches of small fruits such as grapes, and a downstream unit (2) that is placed behind the upstream unit including a rotary roller (1a) or roller picker. The rotary roller or the roller picker is transversely directed with regard to the flow. The downstream unit includes a conveying and friction surface (2a). The upstream and downstream units are positioned remotely from a transport surface (4) to create a passage primarily to evacuate the fruits towards a point located downstream of the units.

Description

The present invention relates to the field of machines or apparatus for treating berry crops, more particularly bunches of grapes, and relates to a destemming and sorting device for the treatment of the harvest of such bunches. .

It is known that in the majority of winemaking processes allowing an increase in the quality of the wine and its organoleptic qualities, the grapes are first destemmed or ginned, the result being similar in both cases, by separating or detaching the berries from the grapes. bunches, then sorted before the vatting of the harvest so as to eliminate as much as possible unwanted waste such as stalking stalks, leaves or petioles, even parts of the latter or more or less foreign bodies bulky, especially rigid such as pieces of vine or stakes, mixed with the harvest. Just a few years ago these de-stemming and sorting operations were carried out according to a succession of manual process steps, after the reception of the harvest harvested mechanically or manually. At present, numerous mechanical destacking or sorting devices are known, generally arranged on a mobile grape harvester or in a fixed location such as a cellar, which make it possible to make the operations less restrictive and to obtain grape harvests exhibiting less waste or foreign matter, better quality and with higher yield. The destacking apparatus is intended to allow the detachment or the separation of berries from the bunches of grapes, while the sorting devices or sorting tables, placed downstream of the destacking apparatus, are designed to allow the extraction of the grapes. unwanted waste and foreign bodies mixed with the harvest. In order to allow the crop to move in these apparatuses, according to a given direction harvest flow, these generally comprise either a movable, solid or openwork transport surface, such as a conveyor belt, for transporting the crop. thereon and extending generally in a horizontal or inclined plane, a gravity circulation space permitting displacement of the crop by gravity and extending into an enclosure such as a hopper between internal walls vertical or inclined forming a fixed vertical or inclined guide surface capable of guiding the crop in said space to the lower part of the hopper.

In this technical field, mention may be made, for example, of the publications of the following documents which describe and illustrate such destacking or sorting apparatus comprising a mobile transport surface: the document FR 2 920 277 relates to a linear destemmer at reciprocating oscillating movements for the de-stemming of berries harvested in bunches, in particular bunches of grapes, allowing, from the harvest, manual or mechanical, to remove all the bunches harvested in order to separate the grape berries from the grapes; their raid. For this purpose, it comprises a ginning device disposed above a conveyor belt and constituted by two sets of detachment of spaced apart bays and arranged vis-à-vis, each set comprising a plurality of superimposed arms or beaters and by motor means for communicating a high frequency oscillatory motion to said arms. The document FR 2 920 278 relates to a sorter sorting sorting table allowing the elimination of foreign bodies remaining mixed with the products of the harvest or the harvest and the recovery of grape berries detached from their stalk, for example, by a device de-stemming of the type described in the aforementioned document. For this purpose, it comprises a sorter system comprising a succession of cylindrical rotary rollers arranged parallel to one another so as to form a sorting plane or a movable transport surface or and motor means allowing said rollers to be rotated in the same direction so as to allow a displacement of the spilled grape on the upstream part of this sorting plane, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rollers and over the entire length of the plane of sorting. In addition, the rollers are arranged so as to allow the passage and the fall, through and under said sorting plane, berries grapes to sort only, while the waste or foreign bodies larger than grapes berries remain on the surface of said moving plane and are evacuated at its downstream end.

Thus, the association, in particular on one and the same machine, of a destacking device, in particular of the type which is the subject of the document FR 2 920 277 and, downstream or behind it, according to the - 3 - direction or the direction of the flow of treatment of the harvest, of a sorting table, in particular of the type which is the subject of the document FR 2 920 278, satisfies the need to obtain, under conditions of normal yields or grape varieties that are easy to remove completely, a grape-free vintage that is ready to follow the winemaking process without sorting or destemming. However, such an association or machine has a number of disadvantages. Indeed, in the case of high yields of the harvest or certain grape varieties very difficult to segregate completely, partial or incomplete grapes, that is to say, a part of the berries only is detached or separated from the cluster corresponding, are deposited on the transport surface or mobile sorting plan of the sorting table that rejects them as bulky waste. In fact, in general, whole or partial clusters are rejected by the sorting table so that the latter are lost or require additional processing means to recover non-detached grapes. On the other hand, such a machine resulting from the combination of two devices is complex and its manufacturing cost is high Finally, the destemmer has a large footprint, especially in height, having the effect of raising or raising the center of severity of the machine, which poses congestion problems for the road transport thereof. The object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a staling and sorting device for the treatment of the harvesting of bunches of small fruits having a reduced bulk, especially in height, allowing the destemming of all the whole bunches or partial and extraction of all waste from said destacking, or even soft or rigid foreign bodies. Such a device according to the present invention thus prevents any rejection of whole or partial clusters coming directly from the harvest or a stalking device located upstream but allowing whole or partially detached bunches of their berries. For this purpose the destacking and sorting device, according to the present invention, for the treatment of the harvesting of berry clusters allowing the separation of the latter from said clusters, the elimination of waste and / or foreign matter and the recovery of the separated berries, said device comprising a crop feeding system comprising a movable transport surface or a gravity circulation space, is essentially characterized in that it further comprises a de-stemming assembly and sorting extending transversely to said stream and being composed of an upstream unit capable of intercepting said stream and a downstream unit disposed behind said upstream unit, in that the upstream unit comprises at least one roll rotary or stalk roll oriented transversely relative to said flow and being adapted to retain or hang clusters, waste and / or foreign bodies and to bring them into said units for processing and first means for rotating said one or more rollers about their axis and that the downstream unit comprises a conveying and friction surface extending along and near the or said roller (x) and second driving means for longitudinally moving said surface and / or imparting a movement of oscillations thereto, so as to allow a co-operation between said surface and the roller (s) by acting together, by frictional detachment effect on said clusters to achieve said separation and, on the other hand, by frictional dragging effect on said waste and / or foreign bodies to achieve said elimination in a direction transverse to said flow and outside of it, said assembly being, if appropriate adapted and positioned at a distance from the supply system to create an evacuation passage allowing t essentially the evacuation of berries to a point downstream of the set. The invention will be better understood, thanks to the following description, which refers to a preferred embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, and explained with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the device according to the present invention in a preferred embodiment of the assembly and in a first embodiment of the upstream unit which comprises a succession of two superimposed picking rollers and in a first form of embodiment of the feed system which comprises a horizontal transport surface of the sorting roller type, - Figure 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the device shown in Figure 1 in destalking phase and sorting the grape, FIG. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the device shown in FIG. 1 and a large and rigid foreign body present on the FIG. transport interface upstream of the de-stemming and sorting assembly; FIG. 4 shows the device represented in FIG. 3 with the destacking and sorting assembly in a lifting position leaving a free passage for the passage of the foreign body between said assembly and the transport surface with a view to its evacuation or disposal at the downstream end of the transport surface, - Figure 5 shows a partial longitudinal sectional view of the destalking and sorting assembly. 1, FIG. 6 shows a three-quarter perspective view from above of the destacking and sorting assembly shown in FIG. 2 and of the downstream end of the transport surface, FIG. FIG. 7 shows a detail view in perspective of three quarter and above of the first and second drive means of the destacking and sorting assembly shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of FIG. set of de-stalking and t 1 of the device according to the present invention in a second embodiment of the upstream unit comprising a single destemming roller and whose stalking and sorting assembly leaves a space with the transport surface shown schematically for the passage of berries to a point located downstream of said assembly, - Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of the destacking and sorting assembly of the device according to the present invention, in a first embodiment of the upstream unit comprising two rollers destemming machines and whose stalking and sorting assembly is located at a distance from the transport or guiding surface, shown schematically, to essentially allow the passage of berries or, possibly, waste and / or long foreign bodies and or flats, between these to a point located downstream of said assembly, - Figure 10 shows a cross-section of a device according to the present invention in another embodiment of the delivery system comprising a gravity circulation space extending vertically in a hopper; FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of a device according to the present invention in the form of Embodiment of the delivery system shown in Figure 10 but with a gravity-flowing circulation space inclined or delimited by an inclined fixed guide surface formed by the inner walls of the hopper. The figures show a staling and sorting device for the treatment of the harvesting of berry fruits 3a 3a allowing the separation of the latter from said clusters 3, 3b waste disposal and the recovery of berries 3a separated , said device comprising a feed system 4 or 5 of the crop. Such a delivery system may comprise in a first form a movable or vibrating transport or sorting conveyor or transport surface, extending in a horizontal or inclined plane of harvesting plan relative to a horizontal plane and being adapted to support and transport the crop, possibly already passed upstream in a de-stemming device, where appropriate said surface being adapted to allow the passage and the fall of the berries to be sorted only (FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 , 6 and 7). The stalking and sorting assembly 1, 2 can then extend above the movable or vibrating transport surface 4, whereas the conveying and friction surface 2a of the downstream unit 2 can extend in a plane oriented perpendicularly or obliquely with respect to said harvesting plan. In a second form, such a feed system can be constituted by a circulation space 5 by gravity of the crop, formed or reserved for example in a hopper 7 and comprising a guide surface 5b of the crop in said space (FIGS. 10 and 11). According to the present invention, such a device further comprises a de-stemming and sorting assembly 1, 2 extending transversely with respect to the crop stream and being composed of an upstream unit 1 capable of intercepting said stream and of a downstream unit 2 disposed rearward of the upstream unit 1. Also in accordance with the present invention, the upstream unit 1 comprises at least one rotary roller or staple roller la or lb oriented transversely to said flow and being adapted to retain or hooking the clusters 3, the waste 3b and / or the foreign bodies 3c, more particularly the waste 3b or flexible foreign bodies, and to bring them between said units 1 and 2 for their treatment and the first drive means 1c , ld, le, lf in rotation of said roller or rollers about their axis. The downstream unit 2 comprises a conveying and friction surface 2a extending along and in proximity to the at least one roller (x) and second drive means 2d, 2e, 2f, 2g for longitudinal displacement. at the conveying and sorting surface 2a and / or imparting a movement of oscillations thereto, or so as to allow a co-operation between said surface and the staple roller (s) 1a or 1b, more particularly with their surface of revolution, 5 acting jointly, on the crop brought between the upstream and downstream units 1 and 2, ie between the roller or rollers 1a and 1b and the conveying and friction surface 2a, on the one hand, by effect friction detachment on said clusters 3 for effecting said separation and, on the other hand, by frictional driving effect on said waste 3b and / or foreign bodies 3c to effect said elimination in a direction transverse to said flow and d Thus, it will be understood that according to the present invention, the conveying and friction surface 2a can be driven either by a longitudinal or linear displacement of the latter along the rollers, or by a movement oscillatory or vibrating, possibly adding to said displacement. Preferably, the conveying and friction surface 2a may have a rough or corrugated surface to allow or enhance the friction effects. It will be noted that, in the appended figures, only the second drive means 2d, 2e, 2f, 2g for longitudinally displacing the conveying and friction surface 2a are shown. Preferably, the de-stemming and sorting assembly 1, 2 can be adapted and positioned at a distance from the delivery system 4 or 5 to create between them an evacuation passage essentially allowing the passage and evacuation of small fruits 3a to a point downstream of said set. Such a passage may also be provided to possibly allow the passage of a certain type of waste 3b and / or foreign bodies 3c, namely in particular waste 3b and / or long and / or flat foreign bodies. More particularly, the assembly 1, 2 can be arranged at a distance from the transport surface 4 (FIGS. 8 and 9) or from the guide surface 5b of the circulation space 5 (FIGS. 10 and 11). Of course, in the case where the feed system has one or more ad hoc passages, for example in the case where the feed system comprises a conveying surface 4, such as a sorting plane of a sorting table described in FR 2 920 278, allowing the passage and - 8 - the fall of berries to sort only, berries can also be evacuated by this or these passages. Such spacing or distance between the de-stemming and sorting assembly 1, 2 and the transport surface 4 can be adjustable, depending on the size of the small fruits 3a according to the grape variety treated, for example by means of adjustable stops, unrepresented, which can serve as support for the whole. On the other hand, transverse orientation of the or each pick-up roller with respect to the crop stream, according to the present invention, will be understood to mean a perpendicular or substantially perpendicular or oblique orientation, at an angle of between approximately 0 and 45 degrees, of or each roll with respect to said flow. An oblique orientation makes it possible in particular to treat the harvest over a greater length and therefore with a greater flow rate.

The orientation of the roller or rollers with respect to the crop flow can define the longitudinal orientation of the destalking and sorting assembly 1,2 relative to said flow. In a first embodiment of the upstream unit 1, it may comprise at least two stalk rollers la, preferably driven in the same direction of rotation, in particular for channeling the waste 3b and / or foreign bodies 3c voluminous flexible and to evacuate the rigid foreign bodies 3c in the direction of the crop flow (including Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11). Preferably, the stalk rollers la can be arranged parallel to each other in a plane perpendicular to the crop flow or inclined relative to the latter. The number and the size of the stalk rollers 1a can be determined so that the succession of rolls has, on the upstream side, a surface intercept extension, extending across the crop flow, sufficient to be able to intercept said flow, depending on its flow rate and the size of the elements, clusters 3, waste 3b and / or foreign bodies 3c, the constituent. In addition, the stalk rollers 1a can preferably be positioned close to each other so as to prevent any passage of the fruit clusters 3, waste 3b and / or foreign bodies 3c between the stalk rollers 1a. . The present invention can provide that the small fruits 3a, according to the shape and structure of the outer surface of revolution of the or each stalk roll la, can pass between them. Thus, in this preferred embodiment comprising a succession of several stalk rollers located near or close to one another, the harvest, in particular the clusters 3, the waste 3b and / or the soft foreign bodies 3c, will be intercepted. by the upstream side of the upstream unit 1, then driven or fed between the two upstream and downstream units 1 and 2 passing under the stalk rollers la (placing itself, for a better understanding, in a vertical orientation of said succession) under the combined effect of the supply system 4 or 5 and the rotation of the lower stalk roll located at the base of the succession. Then the harvest will be forced, by the rotation of the rollers to go up between the two upstream and downstream units 1 and 2, being retained or hooked on the downstream side of the stalk rollers la and in contact with the conveying surface and friction 2a, to eventually fall back, then be driven or brought by the stalk rollers la rotation, the upstream side thereof, in the crop flow. Then, in a new cycle, the crop can then possibly iron under the lower picker roller to go up between the two upstream and downstream units 1 and 2 and so on until the complete destacking of the clusters 3 and evacuation or the removal of waste 3b resulting from said destacking and / or soft foreign bodies 3c. It will be understood that during the raising of the crop between the two upstream and downstream units 1 and 2, depending on the type of crop element, cluster 3, waste 3b and / or foreign body 3c, more particularly flexible, such an element, in the case of a cluster 3, will be de-stemmed partially or totally, by the effect of frictional detachment, during the first cycle or a succession of cycles and passages between the upstream and downstream units or, in the case a foreign body 3c or a waste 3b, more particularly flexible, it will be moved transversely to the crop flow, by the frictional drive effect at each passage between the upstream and downstream units 1 and 2, this from its point of interception by the upstream unit 1 to an evacuation point located outside the crop flow or on the lateral side of the device.

Of course, the operation would be similar in a second embodiment of the upstream unit 1 comprising a single stalk roll 1b, the cycles of passage of the crop between the two upstream units - and - downstream 1 and 2 then being around the single stalk roll lb (Figure 8). On the other hand, the conveying and friction surface 2a may extend, preferably, in a plane parallel to the plane of the staple rollers 1a or inclined relative to the latter, preferably at an angle of inclination of less than about 30 degrees. It will be understood that in the case where the upstream unit 1 comprises a single stalk roll 1b (FIG. 8), the size thereof may be determined according to the size of the clusters 3, the waste 3b and / or the 10 bodies. 3c foreigners so as to be able to have an interception surface extension extending across the crop, to intercept the latter for processing. The size of the pickling roller 1b can be especially larger when the size of the harvesting elements is large and / or the flow rate of the crop flow is high. In a preferred embodiment of the or each pick-up roller 1a or 1b, it may preferably consist of an endless screw or Archimedes comprising a cylindrical member, the outer surface of which is constituted by a or several helical grooves. Such a helical outer surface makes it possible to hang or retain the clusters 3, the waste 3b, in particular the stalks, and / or the foreign bodies 3c, more particularly flexible, on the rollers 1a to bring them downstream therebetween and the conveying and friction surface 2a. On the other hand, such a helical surface can allow the passage between the stalk rollers 1a of the small fruits 3a which can be inserted into the grooves of the grooves, without damaging them. The small fruits 3a can then be brought out of said grooves under the effect of the rotation of the stalk rollers la to fall downstream of the latter being evacuated as appropriate to a downstream point (Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11) or 30 in the crop stream, where appropriate on the transport surface 4 adapted to allow small fruit to pass and fall (Figure 2). Finally, such a helical surface generates, by the rotation of the screw, a speed or a translational movement providing a driving effect of the elements of the crop in the direction of said movement. It will be noted that the conveying and friction surface 2a also contributes to driving the elements, clusters 3, waste 3b and / or foreign bodies 3c, which are more particularly flexible, by acting together by a frictional drive effect. on these elements. In this preferred embodiment of the destacking rollers and in the case where the conveyor and friction surface 2a is able to be moved longitudinally, the first and second drive means 1c, 1d, 1c, 1f and 2d, 2e, 2f 2g can be adapted or adjusted so that the speed of the conveying and friction surface 2a is different from the translational speed generated by the or each worm 1a or 1b.

Still in this preferred embodiment of the rollers, and in the case where the conveyor and friction surface 2a is adapted to be moved longitudinally the first and second drive means 1c, 1d, 1c and 2d, 2e, 2f , 2g can be adapted or adjusted so that the conveying and friction surface 2a is moved linearly in the opposite direction to that of the translational movement generated by the or each worm 1a or lb, in order to move the elements of the harvest held by the rollers in the opposite direction. In a preferred embodiment of the downstream unit 2, the latter may comprise an endless conveying belt 2b having a feed strand extending along the downstream side of the upstream unit 1, preferably parallel to the axis of the or each stalk roll 1a, and the outer face of the feed beam can form the conveying and friction surface 2a. The endless conveyor belt 2b may comprise the feed lead and a return thread and be tensioned between two return rollers or drums 2c, one of which may be rotated by the second drive means 2d, 2e , 2f, 2g. In another embodiment, the conveying and friction surface 2a may be formed by the surface of revolution of a rotary roller similar to a stalk roll constituting the upstream unit 1 or the 30 surfaces of revolution of a succession. such staple rollers la. With regard to the case where the conveying and friction surface 2a can be driven by a movement of oscillations, such a surface can be formed, for example, by the external face of a sheet or vibrating plate or a plate or vibrating plate. Such vibrating and vibrating conveyor and friction surface 2a may also be formed by the outer face of a conveyor belt such as that described above. The second drive means of such a vibrating surface may be similar means, for example, to those used in the linear de-stemmer system described in document FR 2 920 277 or, for example, to those equipping a vibrating table, well known. Such a surface can then still be, for example, the outer face of the plate of said vibrating table, which can be oriented, according to the orientation of the destacking and sorting assembly 1, 2, either vertically or horizontally, be inclined. Such outer faces of the plate, sheet, or table top may preferably have a rough or corrugated surface to provide the frictional effects of the present invention. It will be understood that the effect of vibration or oscillation of the conveying and sorting surface 2a, possibly conjugated with the effect of displacement of said surface in the case where the present invention also provides the possibility of longitudinal displacement of the latter. can then create the friction effects by detaching the detachment of the small fruits 3a by frictional action or by frictional movement, conveying or driving the waste 3b and / or the foreign bodies 3c, more particularly flexible . On the other hand, the device according to the present invention can comprise a lifting system 6 of the destalking and sorting assembly 1, 2 mounted on the latter, allowing the stalking assembly 1, 2 to be moved aside. of the transport surface 4 or, if appropriate, the guide surface 5b. The lifting system 6 can be adapted to be controlled manually, directly or remotely, and / or to be freely actuated under the thrust effect of a large volume of the intercepted crop flow and / or foreign bodies 3c rigid The present invention may provide that the remote control is performed, for example, by means of a control box or a push button electrically connected to the hoisting system. Such a lifting system 6 thus makes it possible to perform a punctual puncturing of the crop which would have accumulated or amassed too much at the destalking and sorting unit 1, 2, in particular on the upstream side of the latter. and to evacuate the latter rapidly, in the direction of the flow and to an evacuation point situated downstream of said assembly 1, 2. It also makes it possible to evacuate towards the point of evacuation of the foreign bodies 3 large and rigid intercepted by said assembly 1, 2 or being wedged or blocked between the latter and the transport surface 4 or the guide surface 5b of the circulation space 5 by gravity. It also makes it possible to lift or remove the destalking and sorting assembly 1, 2 to allow or facilitate the cleaning of the device according to the present invention.

It will be understood that the stripping operation can be carried out either by manually controlling the lifting system, directly or remotely, or freely under the thrust effect of the crop collected against said set 1, 2. In a preferred embodiment , the present invention can provide that the lifting system 6 comprises at least one lifting arm 6a or 6b pivotally mounted about a pivot axis 6d and at least one hydraulic cylinder 6c which can be arranged to be controlled so as to allow the pivoting of the assembly 1, 2 in order to adjust the spacing and / or, where appropriate, to be free so as to allow the pivoting of the system under the harvest thrust effect (FIGS. 4). Referring now to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, it can be seen that the first drive means 1c, 1d, 1c of the staple rollers 1a or 1b may comprise a drive motor 1c capable of driving the axes ld of the stalk rollers each by means of a universal joint system connected to the axis lf of the engine lc. It can also be seen in these figures that the second drive means 2d, 2e, 2f, 2g of the endless conveyor belt 2b may comprise a drive motor 2d, which may be the drive motor 1d of said first means. drive, capable of driving in rotation a first gearwheel 2 rotating a second gear 2f through a toothed belt 2g. In addition, the second gear 2f can be secured coaxially with one of the rollers 2c around which is stretched and driven in linear motion the endless conveying belt 2b.

The conveying surface 4 may comprise a succession of rotary sorting rollers 4a, for example of the type covered by patent FR 2 920 278, arranged parallel to one another so as to form a pre-sorting plane. and mobile transport and motor means 4b for driving in rotation said sorting rollers 4a in the same direction to allow the displacement of the crop poured on the upstream portion of said pre-sorting plane in a direction perpendicular to the axis of said sorting rollers 4a and said sorting rollers 4a may be adapted or arranged to allow the passage and the fall through said pre-sorting plane of the berries to be sorted only, the foreign bodies 3c and the waste 3b of dimensions greater than these remaining on the surface of said pre-sorting plane and may be evacuated transversely by said assembly or, where appropriate, beyond and downstream of the latter. Furthermore, the feed system 3, preferably in the case where it comprises a movable transport surface 4, can cooperate, by frictional detachment, with one or more of the most important rotary or rotary rollers 1a or lb. close to the transport surface 4 to also participate in destemming clusters. More particularly, for example in the case where the de-stemming and sorting assembly 1, 2 comprises a plurality of stalk rollers 1a and the feeding system comprises a transport surface 4 composed of a plurality of sorting rollers 4a, the lower stalk roll (in a vertical orientation of the plane of the rollers) or the nearest can co-operate with at least one of the sorting rollers 4a to participate in destemming by acting in conjunction with the latter by friction effect on the clusters 3 intercepts. Of course, the one or one of the stalk rollers 1a or 1b can also cooperate with other types of transport surface to also participate in said stalking in addition to the main stalking carried out between the upstream and downstream units, that is to say say between the conveyor and friction surface 2a and the deseeder roller (s) 1a or 1b. The present invention may provide that the destacking and sorting device further comprises a hopper 7 whose internal space may delimit, in particular by the guide surface 5b, the gravity circulation space 5 which may comprise an opening inlet 5a receiving the crop by pouring into the latter. In addition, the staling and sorting unit 1, 2 can be arranged and maintained in the hopper 7 under the inlet opening 5a so that the crop, thus discharged into the hopper 7 can be fed by gravity into the hopper 7. the circulation space 5 to the destacking and sorting assembly 1, 2 (Figures 10 and 11). The crop can be guided by its or its inner walls forming the guide surface 5b. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications are possible, especially from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (12)

CLAIMS1) Staling and sorting device for the treatment of the harvest of berry clusters (3) (3a) allowing the separation of the latter from said clusters (3), the disposal of the waste (3b) and / or foreign bodies (3c) and the recovery of berries (3a) separated, said device comprising a feed system (4) or (5) of the crop comprising a movable transport surface (4) or a circulation space (5). ) by gravity, device characterized in that it further comprises a set of destemming and sorting (1, 2) extending transversely with respect to said flow and being composed of an upstream unit (1) capable of intercepting said flow and of a downstream unit (2) disposed behind said upstream unit which comprises at least one rotating roller or stripper roller (la) or (Ib) oriented transversely to said flow and being adapted to retain or hang the clusters (3), waste (3b) and / or foreign bodies (3c) and to bring them between said units in view of their treatment and first driving means (1c, 1d, 1c, 1f) in rotation of said roller or rollers about their axis and in that the downstream unit (2) comprises a conveying and friction surface ( 2a) extending along and near the at least one roller (x) and second drive means (2d, 2e, 2f, 2g) for longitudinally displacing said surface and / or imparting a movement of oscillations to the latter, so as to allow cooperation between said surfa this and the roller or rollers acting together, on the one hand, by frictional detachment effect on said clusters (3) to achieve said separation and on the other hand, by frictional dragging effect on said waste (3b ) and / or foreign bodies (3c) to achieve said elimination in a direction transverse to said flow and outside thereof, said assembly being, if appropriate, adapted and positioned at a distance from the feed system to create a passage essentially allowing the evacuation of small fruits (3a) to a point downstream of said assembly. 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upstream unit (1) comprises at least two stalk rollers (la) animated with the same direction of rotation and arranged parallel to each other in a first plane perpendicular to said flow or inclined relative to the latter and in that the conveying surface and friction (2a) - 17 - extends in a second plane parallel to said first plane or inclined relative thereto. 3) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the or each staple roller (la) or (lb) consists of a worm comprising a cylindrical member whose outer surface of revolution is constituted by one or more helical grooves. 4) Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the conveying surface and friction (2a) is adapted to be moved longitudinally and in that the first and second drive means (1c, ld, le, lf) and (2d, 2e, 2f, 2g) are adapted and adjusted so that the longitudinal displacement speed of the latter is different from the translation speed generated by the or each worm (la) or (Ib). 5) Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveying surface and friction (2a) is adapted to be moved longitudinally and in that the first and second drive means (1c, ld, le, lf) and (2d, 2e, 2f, 2g) are adapted and adjusted so that the conveying and friction surface (2a) is moved linearly in the opposite direction to that of the translational movement generated by the or each worm ( la) or (Ib). 6) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the conveying surface and friction (2a) is adapted to be moved longitudinally and in that the downstream unit (2) comprises a strip of endless conveyor (2b) having a feed strand extending along the downstream side of the upstream unit (1), preferably parallel to the axis of the or each stalk roll (1a), and the face of which external of said advance strand forms the conveying and friction surface (2a). 7) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the conveying surface and friction (2a) is adapted to be driven by a movement of oscillations and in that said surface consists of external face of a vibrating plate, a vibrating plate or the plate of a vibrating table or, if appropriate, the outer face of the conveyor belt. 8) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the feed system comprises a movable or vibrating transport surface (4) extending in a horizontal plane or plan of harvesting inclined with respect to a horizontal plane and adapted to support and transport the crop and in that said de-stalking and sorting unit (1, 2) extends above said transport surface (4), while the conveying and friction surface (2a) of the downstream unit (2) extends in a plane oriented perpendicularly or obliquely with respect to said crop plane. 9) Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the conveying surface (4) is movable and comprises a succession of rotary sorting rollers (4a) arranged parallel to each other so as to form a plane of pre- sorting and mobile transport and motor means (4b) for driving in rotation said sorting rollers (4a) in the same direction to allow the displacement of the crop poured on the upstream portion of said pre-sorting plane in a perpendicular direction to the axis of said sorter rollers (4a) and in that said sorter rollers (4a) are adapted or arranged to allow the passage and the fall through said pre-sorting plane of the berries to be sorted only, the bodies foreigners (3c) and the waste (3b) larger than the latter remaining on the surface of said pre-sorting plan and being evacuated transversely by said assembly or, where appropriate, beyond and downstream of said ernier. 10) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises a hopper (7) whose inner space defines the circulation space (5) by gravity which comprises an opening of inlet (5a) receiving the crop by spill and a guide surface (5b) of the crop in said space and in that the destacking and sorting unit (1, 2) is arranged and maintained in the hopper ( 7) under said inlet opening (5a) so that the crop, thus discharged into said hopper is brought by gravity into the circulation space (5) up to said set (1, 2). 11) Apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that it comprises a lifting system (6) of the destalking and sorting assembly (1, 2) mounted on the latter allowing to separating said assembly from the transport surface (4) or, if appropriate, the guide surface (5b), said lifting system (6) being able to be controlled manually, directly or remotely, and / or to be freely actuated under the effect of pushing a large volume of the intercepted crop flow and / or foreign bodies (3c) rigid and bulky in contact with the upstream unit (1). 12) Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the lifting system (6) comprises at least one lifting arm (6a) or (6b) pivotally mounted about a pivot axis (6d) and at least one hydraulic cylinder (6c) arranged to be controlled so as to enable the destacking and sorting assembly (1, 2) to be pivoted in order to adjust the spacing and / or, if necessary, to be free of so as to allow free rotation of the system under said thrust effect.