FR2991699A1 - Construction wall for ecological building, has plant material blocks comprising interlocking unit and provided with receiving portions to create chaining effect, where unit is formed of interlocking bodies and reception housings - Google Patents

Construction wall for ecological building, has plant material blocks comprising interlocking unit and provided with receiving portions to create chaining effect, where unit is formed of interlocking bodies and reception housings Download PDF

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FR2991699A1
FR2991699A1 FR1201671A FR1201671A FR2991699A1 FR 2991699 A1 FR2991699 A1 FR 2991699A1 FR 1201671 A FR1201671 A FR 1201671A FR 1201671 A FR1201671 A FR 1201671A FR 2991699 A1 FR2991699 A1 FR 2991699A1
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blocks
interlocking
chaining
unit
vertical
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FR2991699B1 (en
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Jean Francois Brabant
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/24Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The wall has plant material blocks comprising an interlocking unit and provided with receiving portions (9) to create chaining effect. The interlocking unit is formed of interlocking bodies (4, 5) and reception housings (7) having complementary shapes on horizontal or vertical surfaces. One of the blocks comprise two receiving areas for receiving a concrete or a wooden post or iron post to form horizontal and vertical poles respectively. The receiving areas are obtained by insertion of respective horizontal formwork and vertical formwork (10) in the blocks. The formworks are made of wooden plank or plywood plate or chipboard. The blocks are selected from a full block, of a vertical chaining block (2) and a horizontal chaining block.

Description

-1- Bloc de construction en matière végétale pour la construction d'un bâtiment écologique La présente invention concerne un système de construction complet permettant le montage rapide d'un mur isolant, sans effort et sans outillage spécifique. La construction traditionnelle de bâtiment s'effectue soit en béton armé, soit en bloc de ciment, soit en bloc de terre cuite, soit en bois, par la technique de l'ossature bois ou du madrier empilé. Il est connu que ce type d'habitation nécessite une grande quantité de béton armé, ou une grande quantité de blocs de ciment ou une grande quantité de blocs en terre cuite, matériau généralement lourd. Ceux-ci nécessitent un mortier et une isolation complémentaire. Cet ensemble représente un coût non négligeable dans le coût total de l'habitation. La construction des bâtiments à ossature bois, ou madriers empilés implique soit un assemblage sur le chantier avec des matériaux à adapter sur place et une main d'oeuvre importante, soit une pré-construction de pans de mur entiers en atelier et leur assemblage sur le chantier avec des moyens importants de levage. Ces deux types de construction représentent un coût non négligeable dans le coût total de l'habitation. Certaines de ces constructions ne sont pas modulaires et imposent des revêtements de finition intrinsèques à leur 25 technique sans variation possible. Le dispositif selon l'invention permet de remédier à ces inconvénients. Il comporte en effet, selon une première caractéristique, des blocs en matière végétale, peut comporter des moyens d'emboitement et des logements d'accueil dont certains blocs peuvent présenter des réservations pour créer 30 des chainages et des poteaux. Selon des modes particuliers de réalisation : - Le bloc plein peut comporter des organes d'emboitement et des logements d'accueil. Les organes d'emboitement peuvent s'emboiter dans les logements d'accueil. -2- - Le bloc vertical peut comporter une réservation pour chainage vertical destiné à recevoir du béton armé, un poteau en bois, un poteau en fer, ou autre matière, pour former un poteau vertical. - Le bloc horizontal peut comporter une réservation pour chainage horizontal destiné à recevoir du béton armé, un poteau en bois, un poteau en fer, ou autre matière, pour former un poteau horizontal. - Un coffrage peut être inséré dans les blocs formant ainsi des réservations. Le coffrage peut être en matière bois hydrofuge ou autre matière rigide et hydrofuge. Les éléments de construction sont des blocs végétals (paille, chanvre ou 10 autre matière végétale) parallélépipédiques type parpaing, modulaires, ultra isolants, très légers, empilables et emboîtables, très facile à positionner par un homme seul, ne nécessitant ni mortier ni moyen de levage. Le procédé de construction d'un bâtiment écologique selon l'invention peut comporter, en plus des caractéristiques principales qui viennent d'être 15 mentionnées dans le paragraphe précédent, une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques ci-dessous, considérées individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles : - L'intérêt de cette invention réside dans la conception d'un bloc plein (1), d'un bloc chaînage vertical (2), d'un bloc chaînage horizontal (3), dans son 20 système d'assemblage du mur isolant. - ledit mur isolant monobloc est formé par l'assemblage d'une pluralité de blocs de paille ou autres matières fibres au moyen d ' emboitement. Les blocs 1, 2 et 3 emboités entre eux, forment ainsi un mur isolant, 25 monobloc homogène, indéformable et supprimant la présence de ponts thermiques. Comme illustré sur la figure 5 et 6, les dispositifs (20) peuvent comporter des ouvertures de type fenêtre ou porte. Pour les ouvertures de type fenêtre (20), un châssis en bois, ou moulé, ou autre matière est maintenu posé sur les blocs chainage horizontal (3). 30 Le mur est alors construit de sorte que les blocs chaînage vertical (2) et le bloc chaînage horizontal (3) épousent totalement le châssis. Pour les ouvertures de type porte (20), un châssis, par exemple en bois ou moulé est maintenu posé à l'endroit voulu pour l'ouverture. Le mur est alors construit de sorte que les blocs chaînage vertical (2) et le bloc chaînage horizontal (3) épousent totalement le châssis. -3- Le bloc plein 1 - Ledit bloc plein 1 figure let 2 est de forme parallélépipédique. Il comporte deux logements d'accueil (6, 7) et deux organes d'emboitement (4,5). - lesdits logements d'accueil (6, 7) de forme adaptée à chacun desdits organes (4) dans une face opposée, au premier au moins desdits organes d'emboitement. - desdits organes d'emboitement (4, 5) de forme adaptée à chacune desdites gorges (6, 7) dans une face opposée, au premier au moins dudit logement d'accueil.The present invention relates to a complete construction system for the rapid assembly of an insulating wall, effortlessly and without specific tools. The traditional construction of building is done either in reinforced concrete, or in block of cement, or in block of terra-cotta, or in wood, by the technique of the wooden frame or the stacked log. It is known that this type of housing requires a large amount of reinforced concrete, or a large amount of cement blocks or a large amount of clay blocks, generally heavy material. These require a mortar and additional insulation. This set represents a significant cost in the total cost of housing. The construction of wood-frame buildings, or stacked planks involves either an assembly on site with materials to be adapted on site and a large workforce, a pre-construction of entire wall sections in the workshop and their assembly on the site. construction site with important means of lifting. These two types of construction represent a significant cost in the total cost of housing. Some of these constructions are not modular and require intrinsic finishing coatings in their technique without variation. The device according to the invention overcomes these disadvantages. It comprises, according to a first feature, blocks of plant material, may include nesting means and receiving housing, some blocks may have reservations to create 30 chains and poles. According to particular embodiments: - The solid block may include interlocking members and housing homes. The interlocking members may fit into the accommodation units. -2- - The vertical block may comprise a reservation for vertical chaining intended to receive reinforced concrete, a wooden post, an iron post, or other material, to form a vertical post. - The horizontal block may include a reservation for horizontal chaining intended to receive reinforced concrete, a wooden post, an iron post, or other material, to form a horizontal post. - A formwork can be inserted in the blocks thus forming reservations. The formwork may be of water-repellent wood material or other rigid and water-repellent material. The building elements are vegetable blocks (straw, hemp or other plant material) parallelepiped type cinderblock, modular, ultra insulating, very light, stackable and nestable, very easy to position by a single man, requiring neither mortar nor means of lifting. The method of constructing an ecological building according to the invention may comprise, in addition to the main features which have just been mentioned in the preceding paragraph, one or more of the following characteristics, considered individually or in any combination technically. The advantages of this invention lie in the design of a solid block (1), a vertical chaining block (2), a horizontal chaining block (3), in its assembly system. insulating wall. said monobloc insulating wall is formed by assembling a plurality of straw blocks or other fiber materials by means of interlocking. The blocks 1, 2 and 3 nested between them, thus form an insulating wall, 25 monobloc homogeneous, dimensionally stable and eliminating the presence of thermal bridges. As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the devices (20) may comprise window or door-type openings. For window type openings (20), a wooden or molded frame or other material is held on the horizontal chaining blocks (3). The wall is then constructed so that the vertical chaining blocks (2) and the horizontal chaining block (3) fully conform to the frame. For the door type openings (20), a frame, for example made of wood or molded is kept at the desired place for opening. The wall is then constructed so that the vertical chaining blocks (2) and the horizontal chaining block (3) fully marry the frame. The solid block 1 - said solid block 1 figure let 2 is of parallelepipedal shape. It comprises two homes (6, 7) and two interlocking members (4,5). - said receiving housing (6, 7) of form adapted to each of said members (4) in an opposite face, the first at least one of said interlocking members. - Of said fitting members (4, 5) of shape adapted to each of said grooves (6, 7) in an opposite face, at least one of said receiving housing.

Bloc chaînage vertical 2 Ledit bloc chaînage vertical 2 figure 7 et 8 est de forme parallélépipédique qui comporte un logement d'accueil (7) et deux organes d'emboitement (4, 5) et un coffrage vertical. Ledit logement d'accueil (7) de forme adaptée à chacun desdits organes (5) dans une face opposée, au premier au moins desdits organes d'emboitement. - Lesdits organes d'emboitement (4, 5) de forme adaptée à chacune -desdites gorges (6, 7) dans une face opposée, au premier au moins dudit logement d'accueil. - Ledit coffrage vertical (10) est une partie réservée pour recevoir du béton armé, un poteau en bois ou un poteau en fer ou autre matière. - Ladite partie réservée (10) est une partie renforcée (9). - Ladite partie est renforcée (9) par des plaques de contreplaqué hydrofuge, des panneaux agglomérés hydrofuges ou autre d'une épaisseur variable, comme on peut le voir sur la figure 7 et 8 - Ledit chainage vertical (10) accueille du béton, du bois ou du fer, formant des poteaux. - Lesdits poteaux servent de base à la réalisation des murs, certains sont des poteaux intermédiaires dans les murs (pour renforcer le mur).Vertical chaining block 2 Said vertical chaining block 2 and 7 is of parallelepipedal shape which comprises a receiving housing (7) and two interlocking members (4, 5) and a vertical formwork. Said receiving housing (7) of shape adapted to each of said members (5) in an opposite face, at least one of said fitting members. - Said fitting members (4, 5) of shape adapted to each of said grooves (6, 7) in an opposite face, the first at least said receiving housing. - Said vertical formwork (10) is a part reserved for receiving reinforced concrete, a wooden post or an iron post or other material. - said reserved portion (10) is a reinforced portion (9). - Said part is reinforced (9) by water-repellent plywood boards, waterproof or other agglomerated panels of varying thickness, as can be seen in Figure 7 and 8 - said vertical chaining (10) accommodates concrete, wood or iron, forming poles. - The said posts serve as a basis for the realization of the walls, some are intermediate posts in the walls (to strengthen the wall).

D'autres sont des poteaux pour les ouvertures des fenêtres, et les ouvertures des portes. D'autres sont des poteaux dans les murs de pignon. -4- Bloc chainage horizontal 3 Ledit bloc chaînage horizontal (3) figure 3 et 4 est de forme parallélépipédique qui comporte deux logements d'accueil (6, 7) un organe d'emboitement (4, 5) et un coffrage horizontale. - lesdits logements d'accueil (6, 7) de forme adaptée à l'organe d'emboitement (4) dans une face opposée, un premier au moins desdits organes d'emboitement. - Ledit organe d'emboitement (4) de forme adaptée à chacune desdites gorges (6, 7) dans une face opposée, au premier au moins dudit logement d'accueil. - Ledit coffrage horizontal (8) est une partie réservée pour recevoir du béton armé, ou poutre en bois, ou poteau en fer ou autre matière formant un chaînage. - Ladite partie réservée (8) est une partie renforcée (9). - Ladite partie renforcée (9) sont des plaques de contreplaqué hydrofuge, des panneaux agglomérés hydrofuges ou autre d'une épaisseur variable, comme on peut le voir sur les figures 3 et 4. - Ledit chaînage horizontal (3) accueille du béton, ou du bois, ou du fer, ou autre matériaux formant un chaînage servant de poteau latéral pour les ouvertures des fenêtres et les ouvertures des portes. Ledit chaînage horizontal (3) accueille du béton armé, ou poutre en bois, ou autre matériaux formant des poteaux latéraux pour ceinturer les murs. -Selon une variante non illustrée, les blocs peuvent avoir des longueurs différentes pour avoir un mur posé en quinconce. -A titre d'exemple non limitatif, les blocs auront des dimensions de l'ordre de 37 cm de hauteur, 47 cm de largueur et 80 cm de longueur. -Le dispositif selon l'invention est particulièrement destiné à la construction des murs pour la réalisation d'un bâtiment écologique.Others are poles for window openings, and door openings. Others are poles in the gable walls. -4- horizontal chaining block 3 Said horizontal chaining block (3) 3 and 4 is of parallelepipedal shape which comprises two receiving housings (6, 7) a nesting member (4, 5) and a horizontal formwork. - said receiving housing (6, 7) adapted to the fitting member (4) in an opposite face, a first at least one of said interlocking members. - Said fitting member (4) of shape adapted to each of said grooves (6, 7) in an opposite face, at least one of said receiving housing. - Said horizontal formwork (8) is a part reserved for receiving reinforced concrete, or wooden beam, or iron post or other material forming a chaining. - said reserved portion (8) is a reinforced portion (9). Said reinforced part (9) are sheets of water-repellent plywood, water-resistant or other agglomerated panels of variable thickness, as can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4. Said horizontal chaining (3) accommodates concrete, or wood, or iron, or other chaining material serving as a lateral post for window openings and door openings. Said horizontal chaining (3) accommodates reinforced concrete, or wooden beam, or other materials forming lateral columns to surround the walls. According to a non-illustrated variant, the blocks may have different lengths to have a wall laid in a staggered manner. By way of non-limiting example, the blocks will have dimensions of the order of 37 cm high, 47 cm wide and 80 cm long. -The device of the invention is particularly intended for the construction of walls for the realization of an ecological building.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS- 1) Mur de construction pour bâtiment écologique caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué de blocs (1, 2, 3) en matière végétale comportant des moyens d'emboitement, et des logements d'accueil (4, 5, 6, 7) dont certains blocs présentent des réservations (8,9) pour créer des chaînages. -CLAIMS 1) Construction wall for ecological building characterized in that it consists of blocks (1, 2, 3) of plant material comprising means of interlocking, and receiving housing (4, 5, 6, 7) some blocks have reservations (8,9) to create chaining. - 2) Mur de construction pour bâtiment écologique selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'emboitement sont des organes d'emboitement (4, 5) et des logements d'accueil (6, 7) de forme complémentaires sur les faces horizontales et ou verticales.2) building wall for ecological building according to claim 1 characterized in that the interlocking means are interlocking members (4, 5) and receiving housing (6, 7) of complementary shape on the horizontal faces and or vertical. 3) Mur de construction pour bâtiment écologique selon la revendication let 2 caractérisé en ce que les blocs (2) comportent une réservation (10) pour chainage vertical. -3) Building wall for ecological building according to claim 2 characterized in that the blocks (2) comprise a reservation (10) for vertical chaining. - 4) Mur de construction pour bâtiment écologique selon la revendication 1, 2 et 3 caractérisé en ce que les blocs (2) comportent une réservation (10) destinée à recevoir du béton armé ou un poteau en bois ou 15 un poteau en fer pour former un poteau vertical.4) Building wall for ecological building according to claim 1, 2 and 3 characterized in that the blocks (2) comprise a reservation (10) for receiving reinforced concrete or a wooden pole or an iron pole to form a vertical pole. 5) Mur de construction pour bâtiment écologique selon la revendication 1 et 2 caractérisé en ce que les blocs (3) comportent une réservation (8) pour chaînage horizontal. -5) Building wall for ecological building according to claim 1 and 2 characterized in that the blocks (3) comprise a reservation (8) for horizontal chaining. - 6) Mur de construction pour bâtiment écologique selon les 20 revendications 1, 2 et 5 caractérisé en ce que les blocs (3) comportent une réservation (8) destinée à recevoir du béton armé ou un poteau en bois ou un poteau en fer pour former un chainage horizontal. -6) Building wall for ecological building according to claims 1, 2 and 5 characterized in that the blocks (3) comprise a reservation (8) for receiving reinforced concrete or a wooden pole or an iron pole to form horizontal chaining. - 7) Mur de construction pour bâtiment écologique selon les revendications 3 et 4 caractérisé en ce que les réservations (8, 10) sont 25 obtenues par insertion respective d'un coffrage (8, 10) dans les blocs (2, 3).7) Building wall for ecological building according to claims 3 and 4 characterized in that the reservations (8, 10) are obtained by respectively inserting a formwork (8, 10) in the blocks (2, 3). 8) Mur de construction pour bâtiment écologique selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce qu'un coffrage (8, 10) est en matière rigide et hydrofuge.8) Building wall for ecological building according to claim 7 characterized in that a formwork (8, 10) is rigid material and water repellent. 9) Mur de construction pour bâtiment écologique selon la 30 revendication 7 caractérisé en ce qu'un coffrage (8,9) Construction wall for ecological building according to claim 7 characterized in that a formwork (8, 10) est en planche de bois ou plaque de contreplaqué ou panneau aggloméré.10) is made of wood board or plywood board or chipboard.
FR1201671A 2012-06-12 2012-06-12 BUILDING BLOCK IN PLANT MATERIAL FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN ECOLOGICAL BUILDING Expired - Fee Related FR2991699B1 (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB464840A (en) * 1935-10-29 1937-04-26 Andrew Austin Improvements relating to building blocks
FR1080366A (en) * 1953-07-06 1954-12-08 Betons Isolants Soc D Chipboard for building construction
WO1980002301A1 (en) * 1979-04-23 1980-10-30 Interbloc Masonry Units Ltd Improved building block and structures formed therewith
GB2092201A (en) * 1981-01-26 1982-08-11 Buen Asbjorn Building block
FR2961538A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-23 Eurl Baumer Damien METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN EDIFICE FROM BOILING BRICKS WITH DRY JOINTS

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB464840A (en) * 1935-10-29 1937-04-26 Andrew Austin Improvements relating to building blocks
FR1080366A (en) * 1953-07-06 1954-12-08 Betons Isolants Soc D Chipboard for building construction
WO1980002301A1 (en) * 1979-04-23 1980-10-30 Interbloc Masonry Units Ltd Improved building block and structures formed therewith
GB2092201A (en) * 1981-01-26 1982-08-11 Buen Asbjorn Building block
FR2961538A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-23 Eurl Baumer Damien METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN EDIFICE FROM BOILING BRICKS WITH DRY JOINTS

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