FR2987755A1 - Method for separating gas containing carbon dioxide and e.g. component, lighter than carbon dioxide by distillation, involves sending part of vaporized liquid to reboiler tank, and returning vaporized part of liquid to distillation column - Google Patents

Method for separating gas containing carbon dioxide and e.g. component, lighter than carbon dioxide by distillation, involves sending part of vaporized liquid to reboiler tank, and returning vaporized part of liquid to distillation column Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2987755A1
FR2987755A1 FR1252029A FR1252029A FR2987755A1 FR 2987755 A1 FR2987755 A1 FR 2987755A1 FR 1252029 A FR1252029 A FR 1252029A FR 1252029 A FR1252029 A FR 1252029A FR 2987755 A1 FR2987755 A1 FR 2987755A1
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France
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
liquid
gas
reboiler
column
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FR1252029A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Arthur Darde
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Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Priority to FR1252029A priority Critical patent/FR2987755A1/en
Publication of FR2987755A1 publication Critical patent/FR2987755A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/007—Energy recuperation; Heat pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0266—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/02—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a single pressure main column system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/40—Features relating to the provision of boil-up in the bottom of a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/70—Refluxing the column with a condensed part of the feed stream, i.e. fractionator top is stripped or self-rectified
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/04—Mixing or blending of fluids with the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/70—Flue or combustion exhaust gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/80—Separating impurities from carbon dioxide, e.g. H2O or water-soluble contaminants
    • F25J2220/82—Separating low boiling, i.e. more volatile components, e.g. He, H2, CO, Air gases, CH4
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/80—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves cooling a gas containing carbon dioxide to a sub-ambient temperature in a heat exchanger (7), and condensing the gas to produce a liquid feed that is separated in a distillation column (17) having a reboiler tank (27). A lighter component gas (22) is withdrawn from the bottom of the column, and a liquid rich in carbon dioxide is vaporized in the heat exchanger. A part of the vaporized liquid (23) is sent to the reboiler tank for vaporizing, and the vaporized part of the liquid is returned to the column and cooled without condensation to form a gas rich in carbon dioxide. An independent claim is also included for an apparatus for separating a gas containing carbon dioxide and a component lighter than carbon dioxide by distillation.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un procédé et à un appareil de séparation par distillation d'un gaz riche en dioxyde de carbone. Un gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone est un gaz qui contient au moins 30% mol de dioxyde de carbone, ou au moins 50% mol de dioxyde de carbone, voire au moins 80% mol de dioxyde de carbone.The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for the separation by distillation of a gas rich in carbon dioxide. A gas containing carbon dioxide is a gas that contains at least 30 mol% of carbon dioxide, or at least 50 mol% of carbon dioxide, or even at least 80 mol% of carbon dioxide.

Le gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone peut contenir également un ou plusieurs des composants suivants plus légers que le dioxyde de carbone : oxygène, azote, argon, monoxyde de carbone, hydrogène, méthane. Le gaz peut être émis par une unité d'oxycombustion, une unité sidérurgique, une cimenterie, une unité de reformage à la vapeur de gaz naturel.The gas containing carbon dioxide may also contain one or more of the following lighter components than carbon dioxide: oxygen, nitrogen, argon, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane. The gas may be emitted by an oxy-fuel combustion unit, a steel unit, a cement plant or a steam reforming unit of natural gas.

Il est connu de séparer un gaz riche en dioxyde de carbone en le refroidissant, en séparant par distillation à une température en dessous de l'ambiante, en vaporisant un liquide de cuve de la colonne de distillation pour fournir un débit de gaz enrichi en dioxyde de carbone. FR-A-2934170 décrit le cas où le liquide de cuve vaporisé sert à rebouillir la colonne, s'en trouvant au moins partiellement condensé. La présente invention permet d'économiser un refroidisseur de compresseur en renvoyant le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur dans un compresseur de produit. Elle permet également la réduction de la taille d'une roue d'un compresseur de produit, la réduction ou l'élimination d'un réfrigérant de compresseur et la réduction de l'énergie de compression. Un gaz riche en dioxyde de carbone contient au moins 80% mol de dioxyde de carbone, voire au moins 90% de dioxyde de carbone. Selon un objet de l'invention, il est prévu un procédé de séparation d'un gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone et au moins un composant plus léger que le dioxyde de carbone par distillation dans lequel : i) on refroidit le gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone dans un échangeur de chaleur jusqu'à une température subambiante, ii) on condense partiellement le gaz contenant du dioxyde du carbone pour produire un gaz et un liquide d'alimentation, iii) on sépare le liquide d'alimentation dans une colonne de distillation ayant un rebouilleur de cuve, iv) on soutire un gaz enrichi en le au moins un composant plus léger de la tête de la colonne, y) on soutire un liquide riche en dioxyde de carbone de la cuve de la colonne, vi) on vaporise le liquide riche en dioxyde de carbone dans l'échangeur, vii) on envoie le liquide vaporisé au rebouilleur de la colonne pour vaporiser une partie du liquide de cuve, éventuellement après compression, viii) on renvoie la partie de liquide de cuve vaporisée à la colonne, et ix) on refroidit le liquide vaporisé dans le rebouilleur sans le condenser et on comprime le gaz refroidi pour former un gaz riche en dioxyde de carbone. Selon d'autres caractéristiques facultatives : le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur est comprimé dans deux roues de compresseur successives sans être refroidi entre les deux roues les roues successives sont une première roue et une deuxième roue, le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur entrant dans la première roue à une température subambiante et sortant de la première roue à une température différant d'au plus 40°C de la température ambiante. le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur n'est pas réchauffé ensuite dans l'échangeur. Selon un autre objet de l'invention, il est prévu un appareil de séparation d'un gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone et au moins un composant plus léger que le dioxyde de carbone par distillation comprenant un échangeur de chaleur pour refroidir le gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone jusqu'à une température subambiante, des moyens pour condenser partiellement le gaz contenant du dioxyde du carbone pour produire un gaz et un liquide d'alimentation, une colonne de distillation ayant un rebouilleur de cuve, une conduite pour envoyer le liquide d'alimentation dans la colonne de distillation pour s'y séparer, une conduite pour soutirer un gaz enrichi en le au moins un composant plus léger de la tête de la colonne, une conduite pour soutirer un liquide riche en dioxyde de carbone de la cuve de la colonne et pour l'envoyer se vaporiser dans l'échangeur, une conduite pour envoyer le liquide vaporisé au rebouilleur de la colonne pour vaporiser une partie du liquide de cuve, éventuellement après compression, une conduite pour renvoyer la partie de liquide de cuve vaporisée à la colonne, et un compresseur pour comprimer le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur, le compresseur comprenant au moins deux roues successives avec aucun moyen de refroidissement entre les deux premières roues successives. De préférence, l'appareil ne comprend pas de moyen d'envoyer le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur à l'échangeur de chaleur. L'échangeur de chaleur peut être un échangeur à plaques et à ailettes.It is known to separate a gas rich in carbon dioxide by cooling it, separating it by distillation at a temperature below ambient, by vaporizing a bottom liquid of the distillation column to provide a flow of gas enriched in dioxide of carbon. FR-A-2934170 describes the case where the vaporized tank liquid is used to reboil the column, being at least partially condensed. The present invention saves a compressor cooler by returning cooled gas to the reboiler in a product compressor. It also reduces the size of a product compressor wheel, reduces or eliminates compressor refrigerant, and reduces compression energy. A gas rich in carbon dioxide contains at least 80 mol% of carbon dioxide, or even at least 90% of carbon dioxide. According to one object of the invention, there is provided a process for separating a gas containing carbon dioxide and at least one component lighter than carbon dioxide by distillation in which: i) the gas containing dioxide is cooled; carbon in a heat exchanger to a subambient temperature, ii) partially condensing the gas containing carbon dioxide to produce a gas and a feed liquid, iii) separating the feed liquid in a column of distillation having a bottom reboiler, iv) withdrawing a gas enriched in the at least one lighter component of the top of the column, y) withdrawing a carbon dioxide-rich liquid from the bottom of the column, vi) vaporizes the carbon dioxide-rich liquid in the exchanger, vii) the vaporized liquid is sent to the reboiler of the column to vaporize a part of the trough liquid, possibly after compression, viii) the part of the trough liquid is returned vaporized at the column, and ix) the vaporized liquid is cooled in the reboiler without condensing it and the cooled gas is compressed to form a gas rich in carbon dioxide. According to other optional features: the gas cooled in the reboiler is compressed in two successive compressor wheels without being cooled between the two wheels the successive wheels are a first wheel and a second wheel, the cooled gas in the reboiler entering the first wheel wheel at a subambient temperature and leaving the first wheel at a temperature differing by not more than 40 ° C from the ambient temperature. the cooled gas in the reboiler is not then reheated in the exchanger. According to another object of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for separating a gas containing carbon dioxide and at least one component lighter than carbon dioxide by distillation comprising a heat exchanger for cooling the gas containing carbon dioxide. carbon dioxide to a subambient temperature, means for partially condensing the gas containing carbon dioxide to produce a gas and a feed liquid, a distillation column having a bottom reboiler, a conduit for supplying the liquid supply to the distillation column to separate therefrom, a pipe for withdrawing a gas enriched in the at least one lighter component of the head of the column, a pipe for drawing a carbon dioxide-rich liquid from the tank of the column and to send it to vaporize in the exchanger, a pipe to send the vaporized liquid to the reboiler of the column to vaporize a part of the tank liquid, if any after compression, a pipe for returning the portion of vaporized tank liquid to the column, and a compressor for compressing the cooled gas in the reboiler, the compressor comprising at least two successive wheels with no cooling means between the first two successive wheels . Preferably, the apparatus does not include means for sending the cooled gas into the reboiler at the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger can be a plate and fin heat exchanger.

L'appareil peut comprendre des moyens pour comprimer le liquide de cuve vaporisé en amont du rebouilleur. Les moyens pour comprimer le liquide de cuve vaporisé en amont et en aval du rebouilleur peuvent être constitués par des roues d'un seul compresseur. L'invention sera décrite en plus de détails en se référant à la Figure 1 qui montre un procédé selon l'invention. Un gaz 1 contenant du dioxyde de carbone, par exemple au moins 30% de dioxyde de carbone est comprimé dans un compresseur C ayant quatre roues C1, C2, C3, C4 en série jusqu'à une pression de 15 à 25 bars a dans cet exemple. Le débit comprimé 3 est épuré en eau dans le sécheur 5, puis refroidi dans un échangeur 7 à plaques et à ailettes. Le débit 3 se condense partiellement, est envoyé à un séparateur de phase 9 d'où sort un gaz 11 qui est ensuite réchauffé dans l'échangeur, détendu dans une vanne 19 et envoyé à une cheminée 21 pour être dissipé dans l'air. Le liquide 13 du séparateur de phase 9 est détendu dans une vanne 15, puis envoyé à une colonne de distillation 17 ayant un rebouilleur de cuve 27. Le gaz de tête 22 de la colonne 17 est réchauffé dans l'échangeur 7 et recyclé à la sortie de la troisième roue C3 du compresseur C.The apparatus may include means for compressing the vaporized tank liquid upstream of the reboiler. The means for compressing the vaporized tank liquid upstream and downstream of the reboiler may consist of wheels of a single compressor. The invention will be described in more detail with reference to Figure 1 which shows a method according to the invention. A gas 1 containing carbon dioxide, for example at least 30% carbon dioxide is compressed in a compressor C having four wheels C1, C2, C3, C4 in series up to a pressure of 15 to 25 bar in this example. The compressed flow 3 is purified with water in the dryer 5, then cooled in a plate exchanger 7 with fins. The flow 3 partially condenses, is sent to a phase separator 9 from which a gas 11 is discharged, which is then reheated in the exchanger, expanded in a valve 19 and sent to a chimney 21 to be dissipated into the air. The liquid 13 of the phase separator 9 is expanded in a valve 15 and then sent to a distillation column 17 having a bottom reboiler 27. The overhead gas 22 of the column 17 is reheated in the exchanger 7 and recycled to the output of the third wheel C3 of the compressor C.

Une partie 23 du liquide de cuve est envoyée au rebouilleur de cuve 27, vaporisée et renvoyée à la colonne sous forme gazeuse. Le rebouilleur peut être situé à l'intérieur de la colonne ou à l'extérieur. Une autre partie 25 du liquide de cuve est divisée en deux. Une partie 29 se vaporise à la pression de la cuve dans l'échangeur 7 et le reste 31 est détendu à une pression plus basse puis vaporisé dans l'échangeur 7. La partie 31 est comprimée dans la première roue C5 d'un compresseur Cp, puis refroidi par un refroidisseur R5. La partie 29 est mélangée avec la partie 31 en aval du refroidisseur R5 et le mélange est comprimé dans la roue C6 du compresseur Cp avec une température de sortie de 80°C puis refroidi dans le refroidisseur R6 jusqu'à 20°C. Le mélange refroidi à 20°C est envoyé au rebouilleur 27 où il se refroidit jusqu' à -20°C, sans être condensé. Le mélange refroidi dans le rebouilleur est envoyé à la troisième roue C7 du compresseur Cp à -20°C d'où il sort à une température différant d'au plus 40°C de la température ambiante, par exemple 20°C et est comprimé dans la troisième roue puis la quatrième roue C8 sans refroidissement entre les deux. Le mélange comprimé constituant un gaz riche en dioxyde de carbone est condensé dans un condenseur 37 par contact indirect avec de l'eau pour le liquéfier. Le liquide formé est ensuite pompé dans une pompe 39 pour former un débit sous pression 41. Il s'agît de rebouillir avec du produit, sans le condenser, juste pour réduire la température à l'entrée d'une roue de compression dans le compresseur de produit, afin de réduire la consommation énergétique de cette roue et de supprimer un réfrigérant de compresseur ou d'en réduire substantiellement la taille.Part 23 of the vessel liquid is sent to the reboiler 27, vaporized and returned to the column in gaseous form. The reboiler may be located inside the column or outside. Another portion of the vessel liquid is divided in two. A portion 29 vaporizes at the pressure of the tank in the exchanger 7 and the rest 31 is expanded to a lower pressure and then vaporized in the exchanger 7. The portion 31 is compressed in the first wheel C5 of a compressor Cp , then cooled by an R5 cooler. The portion 29 is mixed with the portion 31 downstream of the cooler R5 and the mixture is compressed in the wheel C6 of the compressor Cp with an outlet temperature of 80 ° C and then cooled in the cooler R6 to 20 ° C. The mixture cooled to 20 ° C is sent to the reboiler 27 where it cools to -20 ° C without being condensed. The mixture cooled in the reboiler is sent to the third wheel C7 of the compressor Cp at -20 ° C from which it leaves at a temperature differing by at most 40 ° C from the ambient temperature, for example 20 ° C and is compressed in the third wheel then the fourth wheel C8 without cooling in between. The compressed mixture constituting a gas rich in carbon dioxide is condensed in a condenser 37 by indirect contact with water to liquefy it. The formed liquid is then pumped into a pump 39 to form a pressurized flow 41. It is a matter of reboiling with the product, without condensing it, just to reduce the temperature at the inlet of a compression wheel in the compressor of product, to reduce the energy consumption of this wheel and to remove a compressor refrigerant or substantially reduce its size.

II est possible de vaporiser le liquide de cuve 25 sans l'avoir divisé. Il est également possible d'envoyer le liquide de cuve vaporisé au rebouilleur à la pression de la cuve de colonne, donc sans l'avoir comprimé.30It is possible to vaporize the tank liquid 25 without having divided it. It is also possible to send the vaporized tank liquid to the reboiler at the pressure of the column vessel, so without having compressed it.

Claims (9)

REVENDICATIONS1. Procédé de séparation d'un gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone et au moins un composant plus léger que le dioxyde de carbone par distillation dans lequel : i) on refroidit le gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone dans un échangeur de chaleur (7) jusqu'à une température subambiante, ii) on condense partiellement le gaz contenant du dioxyde du carbone pour produire un gaz et un liquide d'alimentation, iii) on sépare le liquide d'alimentation dans une colonne de distillation (17) ayant un rebouilleur de cuve (27), iv) on soutire un gaz enrichi en le au moins un composant plus léger de la tête de la colonne, y) on soutire un liquide riche en dioxyde de carbone de la cuve de la colonne, vi) on vaporise le liquide riche en dioxyde de carbone dans l'échangeur, vii) on envoie le liquide vaporisé au rebouilleur de la colonne pour vaporiser une partie du liquide de cuve, éventuellement après compression, viii) on renvoie la partie de liquide de cuve vaporisée à la colonne, et ix) on refroidit le liquide vaporisé dans le rebouilleur sans le condenser et on comprime le gaz refroidi pour former un gaz riche en dioxyde de carbone.REVENDICATIONS1. A process for separating a gas containing carbon dioxide and at least one component lighter than carbon dioxide by distillation in which: i) the gas containing carbon dioxide is cooled in a heat exchanger (7) until at a subambient temperature, ii) partially condensing the gas containing carbon dioxide to produce a gas and a feed liquid, iii) separating the feed liquid in a distillation column (17) having a reboiler (27), iv) a gas enriched in at least one lighter component of the top of the column is withdrawn, y) a carbon dioxide-rich liquid is withdrawn from the column vessel, vi) the liquid is vaporized rich in carbon dioxide in the exchanger, vii) the vaporized liquid is sent to the reboiler of the column to vaporize a part of the liquid of the tank, possibly after compression, viii) the part of vaporized tank liquid is returned to the column, and ix) o The vaporised liquid is cooled in the reboiler without condensing it and the cooled gas is compressed to form a gas rich in carbon dioxide. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 dans lequel le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur (27) est comprimé dans deux roues de compresseur successives (C7, C8) sans être refroidi entre les deux roues.2. The method of claim 1 wherein the gas cooled in the reboiler (27) is compressed in two successive compressor wheels (C7, C8) without being cooled between the two wheels. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 2 dans lequel les roues successives sont une première roue (C7) et une deuxième roue (C8), le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur (27) entrant dans la première roue à une température subambiante etsortant de la première roue à une température différant d'au plus 40°C de la température ambiante.3. Method according to claim 2 wherein the successive wheels are a first wheel (C7) and a second wheel (C8), the gas cooled in the reboiler (27) entering the first wheel at a subambient temperature andsortanting the first wheel at a temperature not more than 40 ° C from room temperature. 4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2 dans lequel le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur (27) n'est pas réchauffé ensuite dans l'échangeur (7).4. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein the gas cooled in the reboiler (27) is not then heated in the exchanger (7). 5. Appareil de séparation d'un gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone et au moins un composant plus léger que le dioxyde de carbone par distillation comprenant un échangeur de chaleur (7) pour refroidir le gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone jusqu'à une température subambiante, des moyens (9) pour condenser partiellement le gaz contenant du dioxyde du carbone pour produire un gaz et un liquide d'alimentation, une colonne de distillation (17) ayant un rebouilleur de cuve (27), une conduite pour envoyer le liquide d'alimentation (13) dans la colonne de distillation pour s'y séparer, une conduite pour soutirer un gaz (22) enrichi en le au moins un composant plus léger de la tête de la colonne, une conduite pour soutirer un liquide riche en dioxyde de carbone de la cuve de la colonne et pour l'envoyer se vaporiser dans l'échangeur, une conduite pour envoyer le liquide vaporisé au rebouilleur de la colonne pour vaporiser une partie du liquide de cuve, éventuellement après compression, une conduite pour renvoyer la partie de liquide de cuve vaporisée à la colonne, et un compresseur (Cp) pour comprimer le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur, le compresseur comprenant au moins deux roues successives (C7, C8) avec aucun moyen de refroidissement entre les deux premières roues successives.Apparatus for separating a gas containing carbon dioxide and at least one component lighter than carbon dioxide by distillation comprising a heat exchanger (7) for cooling the gas containing carbon dioxide to a temperature subambient, means (9) for partially condensing the carbon dioxide-containing gas to produce a gas and a feed liquid, a distillation column (17) having a bottom reboiler (27), a conduit for delivering the liquid feedstock (13) in the distillation column for separation therefrom, a line for withdrawing a gas (22) enriched in the at least one lighter component of the column head, a line for withdrawing a liquid rich in carbon dioxide from the tank of the column and to send it to vaporize in the exchanger, a pipe for sending the vaporized liquid to the reboiler of the column to vaporize a portion of the tank liquid, possibly after compression a pipe for returning the portion of vaporized tank liquid to the column, and a compressor (Cp) for compressing the cooled gas in the reboiler, the compressor comprising at least two successive wheels (C7, C8) with no cooling means between the first two successive wheels. 6. Appareil selon la revendication 5 ne comprenant pas de moyen d'envoyer le gaz refroidi dans le rebouilleur à l'échangeur de chaleur.The apparatus of claim 5 comprising no means for feeding the cooled gas into the reboiler at the heat exchanger. 7. Appareil selon la revendication 5 ou 6 dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur (7) est un échangeur à plaques et à ailettes.30Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6 wherein the heat exchanger (7) is a plate and fin heat exchanger. 8. Appareil selon la revendication 5, 6 ou 7 comprenant des moyens (C5, C6) pour comprimer le liquide de cuve vaporisé en amont du rebouilleur.Apparatus according to claim 5, 6 or 7 comprising means (C5, C6) for compressing the vaporized tank liquid upstream of the reboiler. 9. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8 dans lequel les moyens pour comprimer le liquide de cuve vaporisé en amont et en aval du rebouilleur peuvent être constitués par des roues d'un seul compresseur (Cp).9. Apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 8 wherein the means for compressing the vaporized tank liquid upstream and downstream of the reboiler may consist of wheels of a single compressor (Cp).
FR1252029A 2012-03-06 2012-03-06 Method for separating gas containing carbon dioxide and e.g. component, lighter than carbon dioxide by distillation, involves sending part of vaporized liquid to reboiler tank, and returning vaporized part of liquid to distillation column Withdrawn FR2987755A1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2934170A3 (en) * 2009-09-28 2010-01-29 Air Liquide Separating feed flow having carbon dioxide as major component, comprises passing cooled feed flow to column, and heating column in tank by flow of heating gas which heats bottom of column and is richer in carbon dioxide than feed flow
EP2407741A1 (en) * 2010-07-14 2012-01-18 Alstom Technology Ltd Energy efficient production of CO2 out of combustion flue gases using single stage expansion and pumps for evaporation at elevated pressure

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2934170A3 (en) * 2009-09-28 2010-01-29 Air Liquide Separating feed flow having carbon dioxide as major component, comprises passing cooled feed flow to column, and heating column in tank by flow of heating gas which heats bottom of column and is richer in carbon dioxide than feed flow
EP2407741A1 (en) * 2010-07-14 2012-01-18 Alstom Technology Ltd Energy efficient production of CO2 out of combustion flue gases using single stage expansion and pumps for evaporation at elevated pressure

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