FR2964699A1 - ELECTROGEN GROUP WITH LINEAR MOBILE EQUIPMENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes a generator set (10), comprising at least two linear moving units (12, 14, 16, 18), each consisting of a piston (20, 22, 24, 26) and a machine linear electrical system (38, 40, 42, 44), comprising a linear armature (46, 48, 50, 52), which passes through at least one winding (54, 56, 58, 60), characterized in that it comprises a motion transmission device (11) comprises a deformable structure comprising four vertices (62, 64, 66, 68), at least two of which are connected to at least two moving equipments, said vertices (62, 64, 66, 68) being connected to each other by four connecting rods (70, 72, 74, 76) arranged in a rhombus whose center coincides with the common center of gravity of the linear moving members (12, 14, 16, 18) connected to the structure, for transmitting the movement of at least one crew (12, 14, 16, 18) to another without moving said center of gravity.

Description

The invention relates to a generator comprising at least two linear moving equipments each consisting of a piston and a linear electric machine.

The invention relates more particularly to a generating set comprising at least two so-called "linear" moving equipments which each consist of: a piston, slidably mounted in reciprocating motion in a thermal combustion chamber which is formed in a housing of the group and in which a gaseous mixture is successively admitted, compressed, ignited and then expelled to provide said piston with a motive power, - a linear electric machine, comprising a linear armature, the piston driving the armature to establish at the terminals of a winding a potential difference intended to produce an electric power, the linear moving parts being linked in their movements by means of a device for transmitting motion. Numerous examples of such generators are known. According to a first known design, a generator may consist of a conventional heat engine, comprising pistons movably mounted in associated combustion chambers which rotate a crankshaft which is itself coupled to a rotary electric machine capable of producing an electric power. This first design, which is used, for example, in the manufacture of conventional hybrid vehicles, makes it possible to benefit both from a mechanical power output from the crankshaft and from an electrical power. However, this type of design is of poor performance because the transformation of mechanical energy into electrical energy is not optimized. According to a second known design, it has been proposed to produce a generator with the aid of linear moving equipments each comprising a piston, mounted movably in a combustion chamber, which is coupled to a so-called linear electrical machine. Such a linear machine consists essentially of a movable armature and a fixed winding. The reciprocating mechanical movements of the piston subjected to a two or four-stroke cycle in the combustion chamber are transmitted to the armature and are converted by the armature and the winding into a potential difference, which varies according to the movements of the back and forth piston, which is established at the terminals of said winding. This difference in potential generates an electric power. In this way, such a generator eliminates a conventional system comprising a crankshaft and an electric machine, is much less bulky and has an optimized efficiency. In particular, it is known to provide such a generator comprising two pistons which are connected and mounted in opposition, and between which are arranged one or two induced, mobile in as many windings. In such a group, the movement of one piston is opposite to that of the other, so that whatever the two or four-stroke cycle the pistons are subjected to, the biasing of a piston in the combustion allows the return of the other piston. The disadvantage of this design is that the center of gravity of the two mobile crews is arranged substantially in the middle of the two moving crews and is therefore subjected to reciprocating movements identical to those of the pistons. As a result, such a linear generator is a source of vibrations and can not be used easily in a motor vehicle. The invention overcomes this drawback by proposing a generator of the type described above comprising a transmission device for maintaining substantially fixed the center of gravity of the mobile crews. For this purpose, the invention proposes a generating unit of the type described above, characterized in that the motion transmission device comprises a deformable structure comprising four vertices, at least two of which are connected to at least two mobile teams, said vertices being connected to each other by four connecting rods arranged in a rhombus whose center coincides with the common center of gravity of the linear moving crews connected to the structure, to transmit the movement of at least one crew to another without moving said center of gravity. According to other characteristics of the invention: the piston of each moving element is subjected to a four-stroke cycle successively comprising the admission, compression, combustion-expansion and exhaust times; The piston of each moving element is subjected to a two-stroke cycle comprising, successively, compression and combustion-exhaust exhaustion times; each linear moving element comprises a bar rigidly linking the piston to the armature; The generator comprises four coaxial and opposite two-to-two linear moving equipments which are connected to the four vertices of the deformable structure of the motion transmission device; 4 - the pistons of each pair of coaxial opposed moving aircrews are shifted by two times of the four-stroke cycle and the pistons of the adjacent perpendicular moving aircrews are shifted by one four-stroke cycle time; the pistons of each pair of coaxial opposed moving aircrews are synchronized at the same time of the four-stroke cycle and the pistons of the adjacent perpendicular moving aircrews are shifted by one four-stroke cycle time - the machines Linear electric drives are engine-controlled during the intake, compression and exhaust times - the pistons of each pair of coaxial opposed moving aircrews are synchronized at the same time of the two-stroke cycle and the pistons of the air pistons neighboring perpendicular moving crews are shifted one cycle time to two beats; the generator comprises two opposite coaxial linear moving equipments which are connected to two opposite anchoring points of the motion transmission device and the free anchoring points of the movement transmission device are guided in sliding along an axis perpendicular to the common axis of linear mobile crews; The pistons of the coaxial opposite moving equipments are offset by two times of the four-stroke cycle; linear electric machines are motor-controlled during the compression and exhaust times; the pistons of the coaxial opposite moving equipments are synchronized at the same time of the four-stroke cycle; - Linear electrical machines are motor-controlled during the intake, compression and exhaust times - the pistons of the coaxial opposed moving equipments are synchronized at the same time of the two-stroke cycle; the linear electric machines are motor-controlled during the admission-compression time; The two free anchoring points of the movement transmission device which are slidably guided along an axis perpendicular to the common axis of the linear moving equipments are resiliently biased by a compression spring to provide a return force to the pistons at less during the compression and exhaust times; the generator comprises two linear moving equipments, each pair of anchorage points two to two opposite to the movement transmission device comprising on the one hand an anchor point connected to the piston and, on the other hand, a point 15 of anchoring connected to the armature of the same linear moving element, the center of gravity of each linear moving element coinciding with that of the motion transmission device; the pistons of the moving crews are shifted from two times of the four-stroke cycle; The linear electric machines are motor-controlled during the intake, compression and exhaust times; each pair of consecutive anchoring points of the device for transmitting motion comprises an anchor point connected to the piston and an anchor point connected to the armature of the same linear moving equipment with an axis perpendicular to the piston, the center of gravity of the two opposing armatures and the center of gravity of the two opposed pistons coinciding with that of the motion transmission device; The opposed coaxial pistons of the perpendicular moving equipments are synchronized at the same time of the four-stroke cycle; linear electric machines are motor-controlled during the intake, compression and exhaust times; the opposed coaxial pistons of the perpendicular moving equipments are offset by two times of the four-stroke cycle; linear electric machines are motor-controlled during the compression and exhaust times; the opposed coaxial pistons of the perpendicular moving equipments are synchronized at the same time of the two-stroke cycle; the linear electric machines are motor-controlled during the admission-compression time; the anchoring points of the motion transmission device which are connected to the armatures are biased towards each other by a return spring to provide a return force to the pistons at least during the compression and compression periods. exhaust; the deformable structure of the motion transmission device comprises four perpendicular slides of which at least two are connected to the moving equipments, a coupling end of each slide being traversed by two parallel bearings, each of which receives an axis passing through the ends of a connecting rod formed of two parallel rods 25 integrally coupled and arranged on either side of the end of the slide; the deformable structure of the motion transmission device comprises four perpendicular slides, at least two of which are connected to the moving equipments, one coupling end of each slide being traversed by a single bearing receiving an axis passing through the ends of two connecting rods each formed two parallel rods coupled 7 integrally and arranged on either side of the end of the slide; - The sliders are substantially parallelepipedic and are guided relative to the housing by guide rollers and rolling which are arranged on either side of two opposite faces of said sliders; - The sliders are substantially cylindrical and are guided relative to the housing each by at least one smooth tubular bearing secured to the housing which is traversed by said slider; - At least two coupling ends of two opposite slides are slidably mounted in a rigid cage integral with the housing. Other advantages and features of the invention will be better understood in the light of the accompanying drawings in which: FIGS. 1a to 1d represent a first embodiment of the invention; FIGS. 2a to 2d show a second embodiment of FIG. 3a and 3b show a third embodiment of the invention - FIGS. 4a to 4d show a fourth embodiment of the invention - FIGS. 5a to 5d show a fifth embodiment of FIG. Embodiment of the invention - Figures 6a and 6b show a sixth embodiment of the invention - Figures 7a to 7d show a seventh embodiment of the invention - Figures 8a and 8b show an eighth embodiment 9a to 9d show a ninth embodiment of the invention 8 - Figures 10a to 10d show a tenth embodiment of the invention ; FIGS. 11a and 11b show an eleventh embodiment of the invention; Figures 12a and 12b show an alternative embodiment of the motion transmission device having springs; - Figures 13a and 13b show a second variant of the motion transmission device according to the invention comprising a spring; FIG. 14 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the motion transmission device; FIG. 15 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the transmission device according to the invention; FIG. 16 illustrates a third embodiment of the motion transmission device according to the invention; FIG. 17 represents a variant of the means for guiding the sliders of the motion transmission device according to the invention. FIGS. 1 to 11 show a generator 10 made according to the invention. In known manner, the generator set 10 comprises at least two linear moving equipments 12, 14, 16, 18 which each consist of a piston 20, 22, 24, 26 reciprocally slidably mounted in a thermal combustion chamber. 28, 30, 32, 34 which is formed in a casing 36 of the group and in which a gaseous mixture is intended to be successively admitted, compressed, ignited and then expanded to provide said piston 20, 22, 24 , 26 a motive power, and finally expelled into the exhaust. 9 mobile crews 12, 14, 16, 18 each further comprise a linear electric machine 38, 40, 42, 44 comprising an armature 46, 48, 50, 52 which passes through in a non-limiting example at least one winding 54, 56 , 58, 60 or turns.

In this way, each piston 20, 22, 24, 26, reciprocated in the combustion chamber 28, 30, 32, 34 drives the armature 46, 48, 50, 52 according to a similar reciprocating movement, so it is established at the terminals of each winding 54, 56, 58, 60 a variable potential difference io likely to produce an electric power. Conventionally, such a generator comprises only two movable units arranged in opposition, which allow each of the two corresponding associated pistons to be subjected to all the times of a two or four stroke combustion cycle, each piston which is subjected to a combustion engine time ensuring the recall of the other. Thus, a piston which is subjected to a combustion and expansion time provides a driving power to the opposite piston during a compression and / or intake and / or exhaust time. The drawback of this design nevertheless lies in the fact that the center of gravity of the reciprocating moving equipments, which is arranged substantially in the middle of the two moving equipments, is also subject to an alternating movement. In this way, such a generator is a source of vibration can not be easily embedded in a motor vehicle. The invention overcomes this disadvantage by proposing a motion transmission device arranged between the at least two mobile crews and to keep the entire generator a substantially fixed center of gravity. For this purpose, the arrangement comprises a device for transmitting motion which comprises a deformable structure 11 having four vertices 62, 64, 66, 68, at least two of which are connected to at least two moving equipments, said vertices 62, 64, 66, 68 being connected to each other by four connecting rods 70, 72, 74, 76 arranged in a rhombus whose center coincides with the common center of gravity of the linear moving equipments 12, 14, 16, 18 connected to the structure to transmit the movement of at least one crew to another without displacement of said center of gravity. As will be seen below, the piston 20, 22, 24, 26 of each moving element 12, 14, 16, 18 may be subjected according to the configurations which will be represented in a four-stroke cycle having a time of admission, a compression time, a combustion / expansion time, and an exhaust time, or be subjected to a two-stroke cycle having an admission / compression time, and a combustion / expansion / exhaust time . According to a first configuration associated with three embodiments which have been represented in FIGS. 1a to 6d, the linear moving element 12, 14, 16, 18 comprises a bar 78, 80, 82, 84 connecting the piston 20, 22, 24, 26 to the armature 46, 48, 50, 52. Thus, according to the first and second embodiments which have been represented in FIGS. 1a to 2d, the generator set 10 comprises four moving equipments 12, 14, 16, 18 coaxial and opposed which are connected to the four vertices 62, 64, 66, 68 of the deformable structure of the device 11 for transmitting motion. According to the first embodiment which has been shown in FIGS. 1a to 1d, the pistons 20, 22, 24, 26 of each pair of coaxial opposed moving sets 12, 16 and 14, 18 are shifted by two stages of the cycle to four times, and the pistons 22, 26 and adjacent perpendicular moving crews are 2964699 It staggered a four-stroke cycle time relative to the pistons 20, 24. Also, in this configuration, the generator 10 of the figures la 1d operates as follows: 5 To start the system, the linear electric machines 38, 40, 42, 44 are used as an electric motor. The movement is controlled so that the pistons that are in the top dead center move away from their top dead center and those at the bottom dead point move away from their bottom dead point. After the course of several cycles, the generator 10 starts. In operation, it follows the following steps. As illustrated in Figure 1a, during a first step, the piston 24 moves into the combustion chamber 32 to the bottom dead center to admit a mixture of fresh air and fuel. This corresponds to an admission phase. At the same time, the piston 26 moves into the combustion chamber 34 towards the top dead center to evacuate the burned gases. This corresponds to the escape phase. Simultaneously, in the combustion chamber 28, the piston 20 moves towards the bottom dead center, pushed by the pressure of the flue gases. This corresponds to a relaxation phase. Simultaneously, in the combustion chamber 30, the piston 22 moves to the top dead center to compress air or fresh air / fuel mixture. This corresponds to a compression phase. In a second step which has been shown in FIG. 1b, the piston 24 moves into the combustion chamber 32 towards the top dead center to compress the air or fresh air / fuel mixture. This corresponds to a compression phase. Simultaneously, the piston 26 moves in the combustion chamber 34 to the bottom dead center to admit the air or a fresh air / fuel air mixture. This corresponds to an admission phase.

Simultaneously, in the combustion chamber 28, the piston 20 moves to the top dead center to evacuate the burnt gases. This corresponds to an escape phase. Simultaneously, in the combustion chamber 30, the piston 22 moves towards the bottom dead center, pushed by the pressure of the flue gases. This corresponds to a relaxation phase. Then, during a third step shown in Figure 1c, the piston 24 moves in the combustion chamber 32 to the bottom dead center, pushed by the pressure of the burnt gases.

This corresponds to a relaxation phase. Simultaneously, in the combustion chamber 34, the piston 26 moves to the top dead center to compress air or fresh air / fuel mixture. This corresponds to a compression phase.

Simultaneously, in the combustion chamber 28, the piston 20 moves to the bottom dead center to admit a fresh air / fuel air mixture. This corresponds to an admission phase. Simultaneously, in the combustion chamber 30, the piston 22 moves towards the top dead center to evacuate the flue gases. This corresponds to an escape phase. Finally, during a last stage of the four-stroke cycle which has been shown in FIG. 1d, the piston 24 moves in the combustion chamber 32 towards the top dead center in order to evacuate the flue gases. This corresponds to an escape phase. Simultaneously in the combustion chamber 34, the piston 26 moves towards the bottom dead point, pushed by the pressure of the burnt gases. This corresponds to a relaxation phase. Simultaneously, the piston 20 moves in the combustion chamber 28 to the top dead center to compress the air or fresh air / fuel mixture. This corresponds to a compression phase. Simultaneously, the piston 22 moves in the combustion chamber 30 to the bottom dead center to admit the air or a fresh air / fuel mixture. This corresponds to an admission phase. Then the generator returns to the step of Figure 1a. It will be noted that once the combustion chambers are supplied with fuel, in each of these stages, at least one of the four pistons 20, 22, 24, 26 provides mechanical power during the expansion phase. The motion transmission device therefore returns this power to the other pistons and, as a result, allows them to ensure the phases of compression, exhaust or admission for example.

All linear electrical machines operate in electric generator mode at each stage. According to a second embodiment which has been represented in FIGS. 2a to 2d, the pistons 20, 22, 24, 26 of each pair of opposed coaxial mobile elements 12, 16 and 14, 18 are synchronized at the same time of the four-stage cycle. time, and the pistons 22, 26 moving crews 14, 18 adjacent perpendicular are offset by a four-cycle cycle time. In this variant, the linear electric machines are controlled by motor following admission, compression and exhaust times. Thus, as illustrated in FIG. 2a, which represents the first stage of this cycle, in the combustion chambers 32 and 28, the pistons 24 and 20 each move towards the bottom dead center to admit the air or an air mixture. fresh / air fuel. Simultaneously, in the combustion chambers 34 and 30, the pistons 22 and 26 move towards the top dead center to compress the air or the fresh air / fuel air mixture. During this step, at least one linear machine 40 to 44 operates in motor mode to provide compression and admission. During a second step which has been shown in FIG. 2d, in the combustion chambers 32 and 28, the pistons 24 and 20 move towards the top dead center to compress the air or the fresh air / fuel mixture. while simultaneously in the combustion chambers 30 and 36, the pistons 22 and 26 move to the bottom dead center, pushed by the pressure of the flue gases, during a relaxation phase. During this step, at least one linear machine 40 to 44 operates in electricity generating mode. During a third step shown in FIG. 2c, the pistons 24 and 20 move in the combustion chambers 32 and 28 towards the bottom dead center, pushed by the pressure of the flue gases, during a relaxation phase. . During this step, at least one linear machine 40 to 44 operates in electricity generating mode. Simultaneously, in the combustion chambers 30 and 34, the pistons 22 and 26 move towards the top dead center to evacuate the flue gases during an exhaust phase. Finally, during a fourth step which has been shown in FIG. 1d, the pistons 24 and 20 move in the combustion chambers 32 and 28 towards the top dead center in order to evacuate the flue gases during a combustion phase. Exhaust, while in the chambers 30 and 34, the pistons 22 and 26 move to the bottom dead center to admit air and / or a mixture of fresh air / fuel during an intake phase. Linear machines then operate as engines to provide exhaust and intake. According to a third embodiment which has been shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, the same configuration can be applied to the operation of a generator 10 whose pistons 20, 22, 24, and 26 operate in a two-cycle cycle. Thus, the pistons 20, 24 of each pair of coaxial opposed moving elements are synchronized at the same time of the time cycle and the pistons 22, 26 of the adjacent perpendicular moving crews are offset by a two-cycle cycle time In this configuration during a first step which has been shown in FIG. 3a, the pistons 24 and 20 move towards the bottom dead center in the combustion chambers 32 and 28. During this movement, the gases relax by carrying out an operation. driving on said pistons 24 and 20, then escape and a new air or fuel mixture charge is admitted in the chambers 32 and 28. In the combustion chambers 30 and 34, the pistons 22 and 26 move towards the top dead center to compress air or fresh air / fuel mixture and admit fresh air or fresh air / fuel mixture into the bottom of each combustion chamber. Then, in a second step which has been shown in FIG. 3b, the pistons 24 and 20 move in the combustion chambers 32 and 28 towards the top dead center to compress the air or the fresh air / fuel mixture. and admit in the bottom of said chambers 32 and 28 fresh air or fresh air / fuel mixture, while in the combustion chambers 30 and 34, the pistons 22 and 26 move towards the bottom dead center, the gases are by pushing back said pistons 22, 26, then 16 escape and a new charge of air or fuel mixture is admitted in the chambers 30, 34. At each step of the two-stroke cycle, at least one linear machine, and preferably all the linear machines operate as an electricity generator FIGS. 4a to 6b illustrate a second configuration in which the generator set 10 comprises two opposite linear moving equipments 12 and 16 which are connected to two anchoring points 62, 66 opposite the motion transmission device 11 in which the sliders associated with the free anchoring points 64, 68 of the motion transmission device are slidably guided along an axis "P" perpendicular to the common axis of the crews In the same way as for the previous configuration, the pistons 20 and 24 of these linear moving equipments 12, 16 may be subjected to four-stroke cycles or two-stroke cycles. Thus, according to a fourth embodiment which has been shown in FIGS. 4a to 4d, the pistons 20, 24 of the coaxial opposing moving equipments 12, 16 can be synchronized according to the same time of the four-stroke cycle. In this configuration, during a first step which has been shown in FIG. 4a, the pistons 24 and 20 move in the combustion chambers 32 and 28 towards the bottom dead center to admit the air or a fresh air mixture. /fuel. This corresponds to an admission phase. Linear electrical machines 38, 42 then operate as motors to ensure admission. Then, during a second step which has been shown 3o in FIG. 4b, the pistons 24 and 20 move in the combustion chambers 32 and 28 towards the top dead center to compress the air or the mixture of fresh air / fuel. This corresponds to a compression phase. Again, linear electric machines 38, 42 operate in motor mode to provide compression. Then, during a third step shown in Figure 4c, the pistons 24, 20 move in the combustion chambers 32, 28 to the bottom dead center, pushed by the pressure of the flue gases. This corresponds to a conventional relaxation phase. During this step, at least one linear machine 40 to 44 operates in electricity generating mode. Finally, during a fourth step shown in FIG. 4d, the pistons 24 and 20 move in the combustion chambers 32 and 28 towards the top dead center to evacuate the flue gases. This corresponds to an exhaust phase during which the linear machines 38, 42 operate again in engine mode to ensure the exhaust. According to a fifth embodiment which has been shown in FIGS. 5a to 5d, the pistons 20, 24 of the coaxial opposing moving equipments 12, 16 are offset by two times of the four-stroke cycle. Thus, as shown in FIG. 5a, to start the generator, the electrical machines 38, 42 are used as an electric motor. As illustrated in FIG. 5a, their movement is controlled so that the pistons 24 and 20 which are at the bottom dead point move away from their bottom dead point. After several cycles, the generator set starts. It then operates in a first step which has been shown in Figure 5a, in which the piston 24 moves into the combustion chamber 32 to the bottom dead center to admit air or a fresh air / fuel mixture. This corresponds to an admission phase. At the same time, the piston 20 moves in the combustion chamber 28 towards the bottom dead center, pushed by the pressure of the flue gases. This corresponds to a relaxation phase. Then, as shown in FIG. 5b, the generator 10 operates in a second step during which the piston 24 moves in the combustion chamber 32 towards the top dead center to compress the air or the fresh air / air mixture. fuel during a compression phase, while in the combustion chamber 28, the piston 20 moves to the top dead center to evacuate the flue gases during an exhaust phase. During this second step of FIG. 5b, the linear machines 38, 42 operate in motor mode to ensure compression and escape. Then, in a third step which has been shown in FIG. 5c, the piston 24 moves towards the bottom dead center, pushed by the pressure of the flue gases. This corresponds to a relaxation phase. Simultaneously, in the combustion chamber 28, the piston 20 moves to the bottom dead center to admit air or a mixture of fresh air and fuel air during an intake phase. Finally, during a fourth step which has been shown in FIG. 5d, the piston 24 moves in the combustion chamber 32 towards the top dead center in order to evacuate the flue gases during an exhaust phase. while in the combustion chamber 28, the piston 20 moves to the top dead center to compress air or fresh air / fuel mixture during a compression phase. Also in this step, the linear machines operate in motor mode to provide compression and exhaust. FIGS. 6a and 6b illustrate a sixth embodiment of a similar configuration in which the pistons of the coaxial opposing moving equipments 12, 16 are synchronized at the same time of the two-stroke cycle.

Thus, in a first step which has been shown in FIG. 6a, the pistons 24 and 20 move first in the combustion chambers 32 and 28 towards the bottom dead center. During this movement, the gases relax by carrying out a driving operation, then escape, and a new charge of air or fuel / air mixture is admitted into the combustion chambers 32 and 28. Then, during a second step which has been shown in Figure 6b, in the combustion chambers 32 and 28, the pistons 24 and 20 move to the top dead center to compress air or fresh air / fuel mixture and admit in the bottom of said combustion chambers for fresh air or fresh air / fuel mixture. During this second step, the linear machines operate in the engine mode to provide compression and inlet at the bottom of each of the combustion chambers 32 and 28. According to a design that has been shown in Figures 7a to 7d and 8a at 8d, the generator set 10 comprises two mobile crews 12, 14 linear.

Each pair of anchor points 62, 66 and 64, 68 two opposite pairs of the motion transmission device having, on the one hand, an anchor point 62, 64 connected to the piston 20, 22 and, on the other hand on the other hand, an anchor point 66, 68 connected to the armature 46, 48 of the linear machine 38, 40 of the same linear moving element 12, 14, the center of gravity of each linear moving element 12, 14 coinciding with that of the motion transmission device.

Again, this design is likely to operate in a four-cycle or a two-stroke cycle. According to this seventh embodiment, during a first step which has been shown in FIG. 7a, the piston 20 in the combustion chamber 28 occupies a low dead position in the expansion phase, while the piston 22 in the combustion chamber 30 occupies a top dead center position at the end of compression. Then, as illustrated in FIG. 7b, the piston 20 moves towards its top dead center in an exhaust phase, while the piston 22 moves from its top dead center to its bottom dead point following a relaxation phase. . Then, as illustrated in FIG. 7c, the piston 20 moves towards its bottom dead center in an intake phase, while the piston 22 is moving towards its top dead center following an exhaust phase. During this phase, linear machines 38, 40 operate in the engine mode to provide intake and exhaust.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 7d, the piston 20 moves towards its top dead center at the end of a compression phase, while the piston 22 moves towards its bottom dead center at the end of a new admission phase. During this last step, linear machines 38, 40 operate in motor mode to provide admission and compression. As illustrated in FIGS. 8a and 8b, the same configuration can be applied to pistons 20, 22 subjected to a two-cycle cycle according to an eighth embodiment.

Thus, in a first step which has been shown in FIG. 8a, the piston 20 occupies in the combustion chamber 28 a position close to the bottom dead point resulting from the end of an exhaust relaxation time and from intake, while the piston 22 occupies a top dead position in the chamber 30 corresponding to a compression / ignition / admission end position. Then, as illustrated in FIG. 8b, the piston 20 moves in the chamber 28 so as to compress the mixture and cause the mixture to be admitted into the bottom of the combustion chamber 28 while the piston 22 is moving. towards the bottom dead center until the end of the expansion and exhaust time at the same time as the admission of mixture or fresh air occurs at the top of the combustion chamber 30. According to a third design which has been shown in FIGS. 9a to 11b, the generator set 10 may be shaped so that each pair of consecutive anchoring points of the motion transmission device comprises an anchor point 62, 66 respectively connected to the piston 20, 22 and an anchor point 64, 68 respectively connected to the armature 46, 48 of the same mobile assembly 12, 14; the armature 46, 48 being arranged along an axis perpendicular to that of the piston 20, 22. As a result, the center of gravity of the two opposing armatures 46, 48 and the center of gravity of the two opposed pistons 20, 22 coincides with that of of the motion transmission device 11. In this configuration, a ninth embodiment has been shown in FIGS. 9a to 9d in which the coaxial opposed pistons 20, 22 of the perpendicular moving equipments are synchronized at the same time of the four-stroke cycle. Thus, as illustrated in FIG. 9a, during a first step, the pistons 20 and 22 both occupy a bottom dead center position corresponding to the end of an admission time. Linear machines 38 and 40 operate in motor mode to ensure admission.

Then, in a second step shown in FIG. 9b, the pistons 20 and 22 return to their top dead center position. Meanwhile, the linear machines 38 and 40 operate in motor mode to compress the mixture. Then, during a time shown in FIG. 9c, the combustion is caused in the combustion chambers 28 and 30 so that the pistons 20 and 22 return to their bottom dead point, the linear electrical machines 38 and 40 operating then as a generator. Finally, as illustrated in FIG. 9d, the linear electrical machines 38 and 40 are again used as engines to ensure the exhaust of the flue gases in the combustion chambers 28, 30, the pistons 20 and 22 returning to their position 15 top dead center. In the tenth embodiment which has been shown in FIGS. 10a to 10d, the coaxial opposed pistons 20 and 22 of the perpendicular moving equipments are offset by two times of the four-stroke cycle.

Under these conditions, during a first step shown in FIG. 10a, the piston 20 occupies in the chamber 28 a low dead center position associated with the end of the expansion time, while the piston 22 occupies, in the chamber 30, a bottom dead center position associated with the end of the admission time.

Then, as shown in FIG. 10b, the linear machines 38, 40 are driven in motor mode to compress and exhaust in the chambers so that the piston 20 occupies its top dead position in the chamber 28, position associated with the exhaust, and that the piston 22 occupies its top dead position in the chamber 30, position associated with the end of the compression. Then, as shown in FIG. 10c, the mixture is ignited in the combustion chamber 30 so that the flue gases push the piston 22 back to its bottom dead center position. And thanks to the transmission device, the piston 20 moves to its bottom dead center position. Finally, the linear machines 38 and 40 are again used in motor mode to provide compression in the chamber 28 and the exhaust in the chamber 30, as shown in Figure 10d. The same mechanical configuration can be applied, as will be understood, to a generator whose pistons are subjected to a two-stroke cycle, as shown in FIGS. 11a and 11b, according to an eleventh embodiment. . Thus, as shown in FIG. 11a, the two opposed pistons 20 and 22 are synchronized at the same time of the two-stroke cycle, they are therefore movable between a first position 15 corresponding to the end of a relaxation phase. exhaustadmission in the chambers 28 and 30 shown in Figure 1 1a, and a second position corresponding to the end step compression / ignition and admission in the chambers 28 and 30 as shown in Figure 11b.

As has been seen, according to certain cycles, the linear electric machines are used in motor mode to ensure certain operating phases of the combustion cycle. It is possible to reduce the power consumption in the engine mode, by equipping the movement transmission device with carefully placed springs. Thus, as illustrated in FIGS. 12a and 12b, which is substantially similar to the configuration of FIGS. 4a to 6b, the two free anchoring points 64 and 68 of the transmission device are slidably guided along a perpendicular "P" axis. to the common axis of the linear moving equipments 12, 16 are resiliently biased each by an associated compression spring 102, 104 to provide a return force to the pistons 20, 24 at least during the compression and exhaust times. It suffices, for example, for this purpose, to interpose each spring 102 and 104 between an associated flange 106, 108 secured to the anchor point 64, 68 and an associated surface 110, 112 of the housing. Alternatively, as illustrated in FIGS. 13a and 13b, a single compression spring 103 may be tensioned between two opposite anchor points of the motion transmission device to provide the biasing of the device. The oscillating system thus obtained can be sized so that the optimal operation of the generator 10 is at the natural frequency of the oscillating system. This configuration is particularly applicable to the embodiments of FIGS. 9a to 9d in which the anchoring points of the transmission device which are connected to the armatures are biased towards each other by a single return spring 103. providing piston return during compression and exhaust times.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 14, the deformable structure of the motion transmission device comprises four perpendicular slides 110 connected to the moving equipments, a coupling end 112 of each slide 110 being traversed by two parallel bearings 114, 116 each of which receives an associated axis 118, 120 passing through the ends of a connecting rod 122 formed of two parallel rods 124, 126 integrally coupled and arranged on either side of the end of the slide 110. Alternatively, as the 15, the transmission device may comprise four perpendicular slides 130 connected to the moving equipments, a coupling end 132 of each slide 130 being traversed by a single bearing 134, each of which receives an axis 115 traversing the ends of two. connecting rods 136, 138 each formed of two parallel rods 140, 142 and 144, 146 integrally coupled with the device f on both sides of the end of the slider. Note that in this embodiment, the rods formed of parallel tie rods are different widths "II" and "12" to allow coupling to the four slides 130. According to a first variant which has been shown in Figures 14 and 15, the sliders are substantially parallelepipedic and can be guided relative to the housing by guide rollers and rollers 148 which are arranged on either side of two opposite faces 150, 151 of said sliders. In a variant, as shown in FIG. 16, the sliders may be substantially cylindrical and they are guided relative to the housing each by at least one smooth tubular abutment 152 which is integral with the housing and which is traversed by said slider. Finally, as illustrated in FIG. 17, it is still possible to improve the guiding of the sliders 110 by proposing that the coupling ends of two opposite sliders be slidably mounted in a rigid cage 154 integral with the housing.

Claims (11)

REVENDICATIONS1. Generating set (10), comprising at least two moving sheaves (12, 14, 16, 18), each of which consists of: - a piston (20, 22, 24, 26) slidably mounted in reciprocating motion in a thermal combustion chamber (28, 30, 32, 34) which is formed in a housing (36) of the group and in which a gaseous mixture is successively admitted, compressed, ignited and then expelled in order to supply said piston ( 20, 22, 24, 26) a driving power, - a linear electric machine (38, 40, 42, 44) having a linear armature (46, 48, 50, 52) the piston (20, 22, 24, 26) driving the armature (46, 48, 50, 52) to establish a potential difference across a winding (54, 56, 58, 60) to produce electrical power, the linear moving equipments (12 , 14, 16, 18) being connected in their movements by means of a motion transmission device (II), characterized in that the device (II) comprises a deformable structure comprising four vertices (62, 64, 66, 68), at least two of which are connected to at least two moving equipments, said vertices (62, 64, 66, 68) being connected to each other. to each other by four connecting rods (70, 72, 74, 76) arranged in a rhombus whose center coincides with the common center of gravity of the linear moving members (12, 14, 16, 18) connected to the structure, for transmitting the movement of at least one crew (12, 14, 16, 18) to another without moving said center of gravity. 30 2. Generator (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (20, 22, 24, 26) of each mobile unit (12, 14, 16, 18) is subjected to a four-cycle cycle comprising successively the admission, compression, combustion-expansion, and exhaust times or a two-stroke cycle successively comprising intake-compression and combustion-expansion-exhaust times. 3. Generator (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each linear moving element (12, 14, 16, 18) comprises a bar (78, 80, 82, 84) rigidly connecting the piston (20). , 22, 24, 26) to the armature (46, 48, 50, 52). 4. Generator (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises four linear movable teams (12, 14, 16, 18) two by two coaxial and opposite which are connected to the four vertices (62, 64, 66, 68) of the deformable structure of the motion transmission device (11). 5. Generator (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises two opposite coaxial linear moving equipments (12, 16) which are connected to two opposite anchoring points (62, 66) of the transmission device. in that the free anchoring points (64, 68) of the motion transmission device are slidably guided along an axis (P) perpendicular to the common axis of the linear moving equipments (12, 16). 6. Generator (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the two free anchoring points (64, 68) of the device (11) for transmitting motion which are guided in sliding along a perpendicular axis (P). the common axis of the moving linear sheaves (12, 16) are elastically biased by a compression spring (102, 104) to provide a return force to the pistons (20, 24) at least during the compression and shearing periods. exhaust. 30 7. Generator (10) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises two linear moving equipments (12, 14), each pair (62, 66; 64, 68) of anchor points. two to two opposite of the device (11) for transmitting movement 28 having on the one hand an anchor point (62, 64) connected to the piston (20, 22) and on the other hand an anchor point (66, 68) connected to the armature (46, 48) of the same linear moving element (12, 14), the center of gravity of each linear moving element (12, 14) coinciding with that of the transmission device (11). movement. 8. Generator (10) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that each pair of consecutive anchoring points (62, 64) of the motion transmission device io comprises an anchor point (62, 66 ) connected to the piston (20, 22) and an anchor point (64, 68) connected to the armature (46, 48) having an axis perpendicular to the piston (20, 22) of the same linear moving element (12). 14), the center of gravity of the two opposing armatures (46, 48) and the center of gravity of the two opposed pistons (20, 22) coinciding with that of the motion transmission device (11). 9. Generator (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the anchoring points (64, 68) of the device (11) for transmitting motion which are connected to the armatures (46, 48) are recalled. to one another by a return spring (103) for providing a return force to the pistons (20, 22) at least during the compression and exhaust times. 10. Generating set (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deformable structure of the device (11) for transmitting motion comprises four perpendicular slides (110), at least two of which are connected to the moving equipments, a coupling end (112) of each slide (110) being traversed by two parallel bearings (114, 116) each of which receives an axis (118, 120) passing through the ends of a connecting rod (122) formed by two parallel tie rods (124, 126) integrally coupled and disposed on either side of the end of the slider (110). 29 11. Generator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the deformable structure of the device (11) for transmitting motion comprises four perpendicular slides (130), at least two of which are related to the mobile crews, a coupling end (132) of each slider (130) being traversed by a single bearing (134) receiving an axis (115) passing through the ends of two connecting rods (136, 138) each formed of two parallel tie-rods (140, 142); , 144, 146) integrally coupled and disposed on either side of the end of the slider (130).