GB2233386A - Rotating end reciprocating piston i.c. engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The piston 4 is reciprocated by combustion in the chambers 2 and rotated by the flow of liquid through vanes 33 on the piston rod or spiral ridges (9, Fig. 1) on the piston rod (8) which engage in grooves (22) in sleeves (10) rotatable in one direction. <IMAGE>

Description

Rotar,the rotary internal combustion engine.

In present time,most of the internal combustion engines are very efficient. Nevertheless there is demande for yet better efficiency particularly higher output from smaller bulk,posibility of using wider variety of fuels,quieter running, lower weight and more po wer,simpler mechanical construction,lower cost, reduced air pollution and simplified maintenance.

To obtain maximum power from small amount of fuel,the engine must have:aj The greatest possible air-fuel pressure at the commancement of expantion,b) Rotary rather than linear movement and;c) Greatest possible expansion.

To reduce the air pollution, the engine must burn the largest possible amount of air during the fuel combustion so, that all the gases will burn completely.What matters in an internal combustion engine is,high temperature and high pressure.

Untill now, Diesel engine has the highest air compression, but it is limited by the lenght of piston stroke governed by the crankshaft.

If the stroke is too long, the pressure would be too high,if the stroke is too short,the pressure would be too low.In both cases the engine would be stopped. The engine is noisy and very heavy for power-weight ratio.

Wankel has developed a rotary piston engine.It has advantages of compactness,low weight and a smoother and quieter running.It has fewer moving parts.Unlike the ordinary reciprocating engine with piston-connecting rods,crankshaft,camshaft and valve gear, the Wankel has only two moving parts: the rotor and crankshaft.The engine's great problems are: a)very expensive sealings,which are not as effective as in ordinary reciprocating engines;Particularly in high pressure Diesel.Very high fuel consumption and low efficiency.

The gas-turbine engine,developed by Frank Whittle,need an elaborate control system, and it is not as easily responsive to control as piston engine.It also has very high fuel consumption.

None of the engines can run on a variety of fuels.

ROTAR,rotary internal combustion engine has the advantages which are in demande and which are lacking in other engines.

It may have air pressure considerably higher than that in Diesel because it is not restricted by the rod or crankshaft;Yet it may also run on a low air pressure.This will depend on the variety of fuels it is using. In any event it will have a greater air pressure for given fuel than the engines constructed uniquely for that particular fuel.The pressure will rise unrestricted till the sponta nexus fuel explosion pushes violently the piston back in a linear and rotary motion, expelling the burnt gases,drawing partly compressed air,with in later stage the correct amount of fuel;Then the compression starts again riaing till the next explosion and so on.

Whether the piston is going forward or backward,it will rotate a3.1 the time in the same direction.

The mechanical construction of Hotar is very simple one,and so will be its maintenance. The combustion cylinder may be considera- bly longer compared to other internal combustion engines.This will enable the gases to be burnt completely reducing the air pollution and increasing the performance.

The torque and thrust(linear and rotary) motions are the greatest Rotar's assets.Untill now, this principle needed an unrealisable degrees of hermetic sealing, but it does not present any problem to Rotor, because all the sealings are in the form of seal-rings.

The combustion cylinder being longer than in ordinary engines gives much more space for the piston to make longer thrust-torques.The lenght of the stroke will be not restricted by crankshaft or rods but it will be governed by the amount and category of fuel.Consumption of fuel will be low,but the power output will,be greatly improved,because there will be no wasting.Cheap fuel may be used.

The high compression ratio will be adjusted automatically by the category and amount of fuel being used. This may be the fuel not easily inflammable to prevent a fire risk.

Rotar engine being light compared to its power will be suitable for airplanes and helicopters.The body of it being extended lenghtwise gives a possibility to situate it beneath car floor in central position with drive to all four wheels with hydraulic drive where fluid flow can be reversed for an ideal braking.

Rotar engine with its one only piston is a complete unit of power and it is designet to be used as such, but two or more of Rotar engines may be joined together to form a biggerunit.Each engine has to be started separately by the force of compressed air, their transmission wheels must be unidirectional.

The present invention ROTAR isa rotary internal combustion engine.

It consists of: I, Cylinder block 2, Combustion cylinder 3, Two oil cylinders ,3 A and 3 3 4, One piston 5, Two partitions 6, Two side plates 7, Axle.Square in cross-section except at the ends 8, Tubular sheath with spiral screw-ndges 9, Spiral screw-ridges IO, Two tubes with helical grooves II, Compressed air inhalators with or without the fuel I2, Two or more piezoelectric sets I3, Prong in the exhaust regulating the opening of the carburattor I4, Bimetallic peg activating the piezoelectric sparks 15, Electrodes I6, One-way valves in the air inhalators I7, Back pedal brakes( two or more 18, Oil passage between the axle and tubular sheath I9, Sealing gaskets 20, Seal-rings 21, Circulating water 22, Helical grooves in the tubes 23, Springs holding the one-way air valves 24,Transmission wheel 25, Exhausts (two or more 26, Screws holding the frame ( cylinder block ) together 27, Steel cord between the exhaust's prong and the carburattors 28, Tongues connected to the carburattors (Fig.4) 29, Drive rollers in the backpedal brakes (Fig.5) 30, Roller guide ring in the back pedalbrakes (Fig.5) 31, Tubular sheath filled with driving fluid (Fig;;8) 32, Circulating fluid passage (Fig. 8) 33, Fluid turbines (Fig.8) 34, Sliding rings (Fig.8j 35, Turbine vanes (Fig.9) The dimentions of the whole or parts of the engine may vary and it may be carried into practice in various ways.One embodiment will be described by way of example with reference to accompanying drawings in which Fig.I, Is lenghtwise cut of Botor showing its internal parts.

Fig.2, Is prismatic view of :piston 4,partitions 5,axle 7, tubular sheath 8,spiral screw-ridges 9,oil passage I8,seal-rings 20.

Fig.3, Cross-section of one partition 5,axle square in cross-sec tion 7, tubular sheath 8,compressed air inhalator II,oil pas sage I8.

Fig.4, Cross-section of compressed air inhalator II,exhaust 25, prong in exhaust 13, one-way air valve I6,spring holding the valve 23,steel cord regulating the amount of fuel-air 27, tongue connected to carburattor.

Fig.5,Back pedal brake 17,axle 7,tubular sheath 8,oil passage I8, drive rollers 29,roller guide-ring 30.

Fig.6, Piezoelectric set I2,bimetallic peg I4,electrodes 15.

Fig.7, Tube with helical grooves IO,partitions 5,back pedalbrakes I7, seal-rings 20,helical grooves 22.

How Rotar works ? When the engine is stationary, air inhalators II,are open.For star ting it,the compressed air from reservoir or from the compressor is blown through the inhalators II,against one side of the piston pushing it towards oposite partition 5,.During its travel it a) moves the prong I3,slightly to one side pulling the cord 27, and opening the carburattors throttle. bj It compresses the air further more. c) It squeezes the bimetalic peg I4,activating the piezoelec tric set I2,resulting in a number of electric sparks igniting the fuel.If for any reason there is no explosion, the compressed air will come through the nearest inhalator II pushing the piston back re peating the previous sequences till explosion takes place.After the explosion, piston will travel forwards and backwards rotating at the same time in one direction only.When the bimetallic peg reaches a high temperature,it cuts off the piezoelectric sparks.The heat and compressed air will take care of further ignitions.The piezoelect ric device works only when the fuel-air mixture is too cold for starting the engine.

Compressed air is supplied either from a reservoir (for inst.when starting from cold) or from air compressor. One-way valve regulates the air intake.It opens automatically when air pressure inside cylinder 2,is lower than the air supplied.It continues to blow in when piston passes the exhausts,when it is pushed back by the explosion,when it passes the exhaust again triggering fuel supply to inhalators till the air-fuel mixture stops the blowing.When that happens, the mixture is so hot,that the ignition and explosion take place, repelling piston to continue its journey backwards and forwards,rotating inside the cylinder and forcing the axle 7,to'rotate together, always in one direction only.

During its motions,the piston 4,expels the burnt gases, compresses air-fuel mixture and rotates with tubular sheath 8,and axle 7.

Rotation is guided by spiral screw-ridges 9, inside the grooves 22 in both tubes IO.The partitions 5, and side plates 6,do not move, they are firmly fixed inside cylinder block.Only the piston 4, tubular sheath 8 and axle 7,are rotating. The piston and sheath rotate during their linear movements.The axle rotates with them but does not make linear movements.

When piston 4,and the sheath 8,move towards oil cylinder 3 A, the tube IO,in that part of the anparatous is blocked by the back pedal brakes I7,The tube in cylinder 3 B, is free,and it rotates with the axle 7,while the spiral screw-ridges 9,slide inside grooves 22 in the tube IO.forcing the piston 4,sheath 8 and the axle 7,to revolve.

When the piston 4,and the sheath 8,travel back to oil cylinder 3 B, the tube IO in that cylinder was free,turning with the axle 7,is now blocked by backpedal brakes I7,while tube IO,in cylinder 3 A, which was blocked is now free and it turns now with the axle 7.

For servicing purpose or changing interior parts, the engine may be disjoint by removing the screws 24.

Rotar is cooled by water circulating via ducts 2I,and oil from cylinders 3 A and 3 B,passing between the axle 7,and tubular sheath 8,.When passing along,it lubricates all parts which need lubrication.To facilitate the starting from cold, additional carburattors may be connected to the air inhalator II,with small quantity of easily ignitable fuel.

ROTAR.Internal combustion engin.Hydraulically converted linear movements of its piston, to circular rotations of its turbines.

The apparatus may be constructed to apply hydraulic power to rotate the transmission wheel,instead of direct mechanical torque and thrust previously described.

When piston 4,Fig. 8, is pushed by expanding gases toward cylinder 3A,Fig.8,,the turbine 33,Fig.8,in cylinder 33,blocked by sliding ring34,Fig,8,is moving also in that direction;forcing the fluid from cylinder 33, through entrances in the tubular sheath31,Fig.8, through the interior of piston 4,Fig. 8, and out of the tubular sheath via openings to cylinder 3A.

The sliding ring being pushed away from the turbine in cylinder 3A, Fig.8 by incoming fluid's pressure,permits turbine 33,in that cylinder to rotate under the great force and speed of fluid rushing through it to the passage 32,Fig.8.

The fluid continues to be pushed through the openings to cylinder 3B,Fig.8,.As the pressure from the sliding ring's side is still stronger than from incoming fluid,therefore the turbine is still blocked untill the next explosion of fuel at the opposite side of the piston 4,Fig.8,which violently pushes turbine in cylinder 3B, against the force of rushing in fluid.This separates turbine from the sliding ring.Now turbine is forced to rotate under the great pressure of fluid's flow, going into the tubular sheath, inside the piston and to cylinder 3A,Fig.8,filling it,then to the blocked now by the pressure turbine in that cylinder.

The turbines are fixed around the sheath, but the rings are sliding to and fro,to shut and to free them depending from which side the pressure is coming.

The fluid circulates one-way under a very high pressure through both turbines,forcing the to rotate with a great force and speed.

In one or both ends of the sheath 31,Fig.8 there is a rectangular end of axle 7,Fig. 8, connected to transmission wheel.The sheath slides on it, turning it at the same time.

The circulating fluid turns the turbines,lubricates all the parts, and performs the cooling of the apparatus.Optional water cooling may be added by encircling the Rotar with a water circuit similar to that of ordinary water cooled engins.

Claims (1)

1. What I claim is Claim I The name ROTAR Claim 2 Internal combustion engine with the linear and rotary ( thrust and torque principle.

   Claim 3 Reaching higher compression ratio than any other internal combustion engine.

   Claim 4 Having only one piston but three cylindres.

   Claim 5 Ignited by means of piezoelectric sparks,but at the start only, after that the high temperature method.

   Claim 6 Adaptable to airplanes and helicopters because of its low weight compared to its power.

   Claim 7 3urning the fuel more throughly than any other internal combustion engine.

   Claim 8 Being able to run on most liquid and gaseous fuels.

   Claim 9 Alternatively it may be constructed with hydraulic driving system.