FR2951757A1 - Device for maintaining solar panel e.g. photovoltaic panel, on cover of building, has bodies provided with surface controlled in direction of surface of cover element to delimit with zone of maintenance of fixing bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has bodies (6, 7) equipped on an element (1) of a cover of a building and provided with a surface (27) controlled in direction of a surface (2) of the element of cover to delimit with a zone of maintenance of a fixing bodies (10, 12). A panel (8) is provided with a point of support on the surface of the zone of maintenance, where the support is formed of a slide end (39) and a leg end (240). Surfaces of final parts (23) of the bodies are tilted to a plane perpendicular to a median axis of the bodies.

Description

DEVICE FOR MAINTAINING A SOLAR PANEL ON A COVER OF A BUILDING

The invention relates to a device for holding at least one solar panel on a roof of a building. By cover, one designates as well a cover on the roof as on the front of a building. The term solar panel should be understood as designating solar thermal panels or panels of photovoltaic cells, whether or not these panels are framed and / or flexible. FR-A-2 923 082 discloses covering plates, metal, ribbed and equipped with panels of photovoltaic cells. These are fixed directly on each plate or sheet, between two ribs, or undulations, neighboring. The photovoltaic cells equipping such plates do not occupy all the available surface since the ribs are devoid of it. The use of the available surface is not optimized. In addition, the expansion of the metal plates and that of the panels are not similar. Such an assembly amounts to making several small panels of juxtaposed photovoltaic cells, which implies specific connectivity and maintenance. Modules sold by the company SITAV engineering under the name ERIT 230 are also known, comprising a metal plate, ribbed, supporting a panel of photovoltaic cells. The panel rests on the ribs. These are provided with a fixing system, movable along the rib, for mounting panels of different dimensions. The ribs located on the longitudinal edges of each module have a configuration to ensure the connection between two juxtaposed modules and the anchoring of the modules on a building. Fastening systems are relatively complex in their implementation. These modules have a significant thickness that does not facilitate their integration in building coverage. It is these drawbacks that the invention intends to remedy more particularly by proposing a device for holding solar panels on a cover enabling easy installation of the panels, facilitated maintenance allowing the change of some of the panels only and optimizing the use of the available surface. To this end, the subject of the invention is a device for holding a solar panel on a roof of a building, characterized in that it comprises at least one element in relief mounted on a cover element of a building, provided with at least one surface oriented towards a surface of the cover member and adapted to define therewith a holding area of a fastener mounted on an edge of the panel.

It is thus easy to maintain, removably, a panel on a roofing element of the building. If needed, the panel can be changed without altering the building's roof. According to advantageous but non-mandatory aspects of the invention, such a covering device may incorporate one or more of the following features: the fastener mounted on one edge of the panel comprises at least one fulcrum on a surface of the holding zone. - The cover element is a cover plate of a building and its surface oriented towards the surface of the embossed member is a part of the veil constituting the plate. - The relief member extends relative to a main plane of the plate and in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the plate over the entire length of the plate. - The surface of the relief member oriented towards the main web of the plate is a surface of the end portion of the embossed member. - The surface of the end portion of the relief member is inclined relative to a plane perpendicular to a median axis of the member in relief by an angle, in the trigonometrical direction, between -70 ° and + 30 ° . - The surface of the end portion of the embossed member delimits the holding zone with a junction area between the web of the plate and a predetermined rib of the plate. - The device comprises at least two relief members located opposite one another, defining with the webs of at least two plates two holding zones, and spaced a distance adapted to a dimension of the panel to maintain . - The distance is adjustable by bringing more or less the organs in relief of at least two identical plates which overlap more or less. - At least one of the holding zones receives a fastener of a panel. - The two holding zones receive two fasteners of different type. - A first fixing member comprises a movable tab under the action of a screw, one end of the tab being adapted to bear against the surface of a raised member and a second fixing member comprises a slide, movable under the action of a spring in a notch of the body of the second member, an end of the slide being adapted to abut against the surface of the raised member. The invention also relates to a building cover comprising at least one device for holding a solar panel as mentioned above. The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly on reading the following description of several embodiments of a device for holding a solar panel on a roof of a building. according to the invention, given solely by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a partial view, in perspective of a cover plate equipped with a holding device of a photovoltaic cell panel according to the invention, - Figure 2 is a section along the plane I l in Figure 1, - Figures 3 to 5 are front views, on a different scale, three embodiments. of plates, equipped with holding devices according to the invention, without photovoltaic cell panel, - Figures 6 to 8 are views in perspective, on a larger scale, of some of the constituent parts of two fasteners assuran t the maintenance of a panel of photovoltaic cells on a plate and - Figure 9 is a detail, on a larger scale, of the part of a relief member provided with the surface delimiting the holding zone, the different positions of this surface being illustrated in phantom. Figure 1 shows a portion of a cover plate used to form the roof of a building and equipped with a panel 8 of photovoltaic cells. This plate can be fixed on the facade of a building. This panel is illustrated in a simplified form. This panel may be devoid of frame. This cover plate 1 is in accordance with the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 3. Such a plate 1 is adapted to maintain a panel 8 of photovoltaic cells of given dimensions. In other words, one must realize as many types of plates 1 as there are panels 8 of different dimensions, it being understood that one can use fasteners that can accept different thicknesses of panels. In this case, the plate 1 illustrated in Figure 3 is metallic. Alternatively, it may be in another material, for example polymer. This plate 1 is ribbed. In other words, it is a corrugated metal sheet advantageously a ribbed steel sheet. In an embodiment not shown, the central web 2 of the plate 1 is planar, that is to say devoid of rib. The ribs 3, or undulations, formed in the web 2 of the plate 1 are trapezoidal cross section. Alternatively, they may have another shape, for example with a section in an arc. The corrugations 3 are arranged in parallel directions. In this case, the plate 1 is configured in a rectangle in front view, the ribs 3 are oriented along a longitudinal axis A of the plates 1. In fact, by convention, the ribs are generally oriented along the largest dimension of the corrugated sheet. Some, or all, of the ribs 3 of a plate 1 may cover or be covered by the ribs 3 of another plate 1 of the same type. In this way, it ensures the tightness of the connection between the plates 1 during the production of a blanket of a building. The plate 1 has its longitudinal edges 4 and 5 each equipped with a raised member 6, respectively 7. In this case, this relief member 6 or 7 extends over the entire length of each edge 4 or 5 in a direction parallel to the ribs 3. As a variant, it occupies only a portion of each edge 4 or 5. Each relief member 6, 7 is advantageously integral with the plate 1 and is formed by profiling. Alternatively, it is an insert, fixed to the plate by screwing, gluing, welding or any other technique. The members 6, 7 extend above a main plane P of the plate 1, looking at FIGS. 1 to 3, defined by the flat portion of the web 2. These raised bodies 6 and 7 extend towards outside, above the sheet 1 on which they are mounted, as is clearly visible in Figure 3. Each median axis X6, X7 of a member 6, respectively 7, is substantially perpendicular to the main plane P of the plate 1. In other words, these bodies 6 and 7 are formed, as the ribs 3, preferably by profiling. It is therefore ripples of a particular form. The cross section of the members 6 and 7 of the plates 1 is generally configured as a "half-mushroom". The organs 6 and 7 have a base and a cap generally half-trapezium. The height H6 or H, of a raised member 6 or 7 relative to the plane P is between 20 mm and 200 mm, preferably close to 95 mm. All the plates 1 forming the roof of a building are arranged so that the relief members 6, 7 extend in the same direction so that the panels 8 fit between the raised members 6, 7. The assembly of a panel 8 is now described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The upper face of the panel 8 which is oriented towards the sun in mounted configuration of the panel 8 on the plate 1 is noted 80. The photovoltaic cells of the panel 8 are under a layer of protective glass that forms the face 80.

The panel 8 is generally configured in rectangular parallelepiped or, alternatively, square. The panel 8 illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 is shown box. Alternatively, it is without a frame. This panel 8 is mounted on the plate 1, above the upper webs 30 of the ribs 3. It rests on fastening members 10 and 12 connected to the plate 1 at the level of the relief members 6, 7 located respectively on the left and on the left. FIG. 1 and 2. As a variant, the panel 8 may rest on the upper webs 30. In this case, the height H 6, H, of the relief members 6, 7 is adapted to be the shape of the fastening members. 10, 12 is adapted. It is also possible, when the panel 8 rests on the webs 30 of the ribs 3, to equip only one edge of the panel of a fastener. The edge of the panel devoid of fastener is then directly in contact with a raised member 6 or 7. Advantageously, the panel 8 receives, on its left longitudinal edge 9 while looking at Figures 1 and 2, a first fastener 10 and, on the longitudinal edge 11, parallel, that is to say the right edge while looking at Figures 1 and 2, a second fastener 12. Here, the two fasteners 10, 12 are different. Alternatively, they are identical. In another embodiment, the fasteners 10 and 12 are previously mounted on the plate 1.

In all cases, these fastening members 10 and 12 provide for removably holding the panels 8 on the plate 1, the panel 8 being held parallel to the plane P of the plate 1. The first fastener 10 is visible in perspective in Figure 6. It is made of a lightweight material, resistant and insensitive to environmental conditions. Advantageously, it is aluminum. Alternatively it is polymer or steel. This first fixing member 10 comprises a main body 13, one face 14 of which is adapted to face a lower face 81 of the panel 8 in the vicinity of the edge 9. The face 81 is said to be lower because it faces downwards. that is to say towards the web 2, in mounted configuration of the panel 8 on the plate 1. The body 13 is equipped with an orifice 16 for receiving a pin, not illustrated, suitable for insertion, by sliding, in a recessed rail in the surface 81 of the panel 8. This rail is formed by a longitudinal groove 17. This groove 17 is parallel to the axis A of the plate 1 when the panel 8 is in place on it. this. A lug inserted into the rail 17 makes it possible to position a fastener 10 on the panel 8 at different locations along the length of the edge 9. In a variant, it is possible to mount a plurality of fastening members 10 in a rail 17. In a embodiment not illustrated, the member 10 is fixed to the panel 8 by another technique, for example by screwing. In addition to maintaining the first fastener 10 on the panel 8, the cooperation between the rail 17 and the lug contributes to an orientation of the fastener 10 relative to the panel 8. In other words, this cooperation guarantees parallelism between the face 81 of the panel 8 and the face 14 of the fastener 10. Alternatively, a mirror solution is implemented: the lug is mounted on the panel and is adapted to fit and slide in a complementary shape rail formed in the main body of the fastener. Alternatively, it is a relief extending over the entire length of the edge 9 and located on the face 81 of the panel 8 which is inserted into a groove in the fastener. The main body 13 of the first fastener 10 is held at a distance from the web 2 of the plate 1 by a foot 18 whose shape and dimensions are adapted to the shape of the junction zone 19 between a first rib 31, adjacent to the relief member 6, and the web 2. Here, the junction zone 19 between the rib 31 closest to the raised member 6 and the web 2 of the plate 1 is rounded. In another embodiment, not shown, it is of another form, for example at right angles. In the upper part, the body 13 of this first fastener 10 is equipped with a bearing surface 20 against the edge 9 of the panel 8. The edge 9 is perpendicular to the face 81 of the panel 8 provided with the rail 17. In Accordingly, the body 13 of the first fastening member comprises a substantially L-shaped portion. This portion is formed by the surfaces 14 and 20. The branch 14 of the L is adapted to receive the lug for engaging in the groove 17 The branch 20 of the body 13 bears against the edge 9 of the panel 8. This keeps the panel 8 in position by limiting any lateral sliding. The upper end 130 of the body 13 comprises, on the other side of the body 13 with respect to the bearing surface 20, a bearing surface 21. This surface 21 is adapted to cooperate with a complementary shaped surface 22 formed on the end portion or cap 23 of the relief member 6. In other words, the body 13 of the fastener 10 is configured to bear against the cap 23 of the embossed member 6 and against the edge 9 of the panel 8. The surface 21 is inclined relative to the surface 20 by an angle equal to the angle of inclination R of the surface 22 of the cap 23 with respect to the axis X6. In this case, this angle a is between 5 ° and 45 °, advantageously close to 22 °. A locking tab 24 is mounted on the fastener 10 by means of a screw 25 engaged in two bores 26 and 26 'of the body 13. The tab 24 is movable in translation along a surface 131 of the body 13 between a lower face 132 of the end 130 and a rib 133 integral with the body 13. This tab 24 is visible in Figures 1 and 2. The displacement of the tab 24 is guided and controlled by the screw 25, operated from the upper end 130. The screw is inserted into the holes 26 and 26 'and into a tapping of the tab 24. In other words, this screw 25 is provided with a bolt configured in the form of tab 24. One end 240 this lug 24 is adapted to come into abutment, when it is closer to the upper end 130 of the body 13, against a bearing surface 27 of the cap 23 of the relief member 6. This surface 27 can be flat or S-shaped, that is to say formed by the junction of two curved surfaces. This surface 27 is located under the surface 22 and is oriented towards the web 2 of the plate 1. In order to maintain the end 240 of the tab 24 while allowing the withdrawal of the tab 24 below the member 6 when it is desired to disassemble the panel 8, the surface 27 is more or less inclined at an angle b with respect to a plane P6 perpendicular to the median axis X6 of the member 6.

Advantageously, this angle b varies, in the trigonometrical direction, from -70 ° to + 30 °. Preferably, the inclination is zero, the surface 27 being parallel to the plane P as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3. This surface 27 delimits with the junction zone 19 a holding zone Z of the fixing member 10 on the plate 1. The holding zone Z thus extends from the web 2, at the junction of the flat portion P of the web 2 with a rib 31, to the end portion 23 of the relief member 6. L member 10 is positioned so that its foot 18 is in abutment against the surface 19 and that the lug 24 can bear blocking against the surface 27. Given the shape that can have this surface 27 and its inclination, support can be done at different flat or rounded locations of this surface. In all cases there is contact of the member 10 by at least one support point with a surface of the holding zone Z. By turning the screw 25 in a predefined direction, the pressure of the tab 24 is increased on the surface 27 of the cap 23 of the relief member 6. Given the configuration of the surfaces 27, 240, 19, 18 in contact between, on the one hand, the fixing member 10 and the relief member 6 and, on the other hand, between the fastening member 10 and the junction zone 19, this has the effect of pushing the fixing member 10 towards the rib 31 and thus increasing the support of the foot 18 of the element 10 on the web 2. The holding zone Z thus ensures that the fastener 10 is held in position by at least one bearing surface, in this case two, namely the surface 27 of the member 6 and the junction zone 19 which is located between the rib 31 and the web 2. By this blocking of the tab 24 against the cap 23, and taking into account the relative flexibility of the organ in relief 6, it tends to move the rib 31 away from the relief member 6. This ensures the locking in position of the fastening member 10, and therefore the panel 8, on the plate 1. The edge 11 of the panel 8, opposite the edge 9, is equipped with the second fastener 12. This is visible in perspective in Figure 8, another part being illustrated in Figure 7. The member 12 comprises a main body 29 provided with a orifice 32 for receiving a pin. This pin, not shown, is adapted to fit into a rail, in this case a groove 33 formed in the panel, on the same face 81 as the groove 17 and parallel thereto. Advantageously, the two grooves 17, 33 are identical, which makes it possible to equip one or the other of the edges 9 or 11 of the panel 8 with a given fixing member 10 or 12. The main body 29 is provided with a foot 34 adapted to bear against the web 2, close to the junction zone between the raised member 7 and the web 2.

This main body 29 comprises, at its upper end, two surfaces 35, 36 generally perpendicular to each other and adapted to define a receiving housing of an angle zone 280 defined between the edge 11 and the The body 29 also includes a notch 37 located under the surface 36 and parallel to the latter.

This notch 37 receives a slider 38, shown alone in FIG. 7. The slider 38 is mounted to move in translation in the notch 37 in a direction D37 which is perpendicular to the axis A and parallel to the plane P in the mounted configuration of the panel 8 on the plate 1. The slide 8 is driven in translation by a return member, in this case a spring, not shown. This spring is inserted at the bottom of the notch 37 and it exerts a thrust on one end 380 of the slide. This thrust tends to push the slide 38 out of the notch 37. A free end 39 of the slide 38 is configured to come into abutment, under the effect of the restoring force of the spring, against a surface 27 'of the body in relief 7 when the member 12 is in position on the plate. This surface 27 'is located under the cap 23' of the member 7, facing the web 2 and coplanar with the surface 27 of the embossed member 6 in the configuration illustrated in Figure 3, that is to say when the surfaces 27, 27 'are parallel to the plane P. The preceding remarks concerning the shape of the surface 27 are also valid for the surface 27', the latter being able to be flat or curved. The surface 27 'thus delimits with a junction zone 19' between the web 2 and a first rib 30, a holding zone Z 'receiving the member 12. This zone Z' is similar to the zone Z and is adapted to maintain the member 12. When the latter is in the active position, that is to say in the configuration of holding the panel 8 on the member 7, the foot 34 presses on the web 2 and the end 39 of the slider 38 is supported under the surface 27 '.

Advantageously, the angles situated on one and the same side of a panel 8 are provided with the same type of fastening member 10 or 12. Thus, by equipping such cover plates 1 with panels 8, the gap 2 between each plate 1 and the lower face 81 of the panel 8 a space E. This space E promotes the flow of air under the panel 8 and therefore a thermal regulation of the panel. We now describe a method of mounting a panel 8 of photovoltaic cells on a plate 1, specifically using the fasteners 10 and 12.

To equip a plate 1 with a panel 8, a first mounting member 12 is mounted at first on the rail 33 of the panel 8, at the angle 280, near the edge 11. In a second step, mounted on the other rail 17 of the panel 8 at the angle 90, a first fixing member 10. The edge 28 of the panel 8 equipped with the second fastening members 12 is then inclined towards the web 2 in order to insert the end 39 of the sliders 38 under the lower surface 27 'of the cap 23' of the embossed member 7. Then pushing, from top to bottom, according to the arrow F in Figure 2, on the opposite side 9 of panel 8. This thrust F, oriented towards the plate 1, allows to move the edge 9 of the panel of the relief member 6.

Taking into account the dimensions of the panel 8 and the distance d between the two raised bodies 6 and 7, distant which corresponds to the width 18 of the panel 8, the holding surface 240 of the lug 24 of the first fastener 10, passes under the holding surface 27 of the cap 23 of the relief member 6. The locking in position of the panel 8 on the plate 1 is performed using the screw 25, so as to bring the surface 240 of the leg 24 in support blocking against the surface 27 of the member 6. This has the effect of pushing this member 6 relative to the rib 31 and thus to lock in position the panel 8, while maintaining the support, spring effect of the slider 38 against the relief member 7 located on the other edge 5 of the plate 1.

It is easy in this way to set up and change one or more panels without having to change the set of cover plates.

The tightness between the panels 8 juxtaposed and between the panels 8 and the plate 1 not being achieved, the runoff flows freely on the cover plates 1 from the upper faces 80 of the panels 8. The plates 1 are assembled together, by covering, in a sealed manner, which allows the evacuation of runoff water. Figures 4 and 5 show two other embodiments of a cover plate equipped with holding devices according to the invention. These plates 1 'and 1 "are advantageously, like the plate 1, ribbed metal plates, the ribs 3' and 3" being arranged parallel to the longitudinal axes A 'and A "of the plates 1' and 1". The ribs 3 'and 3 "of these plates 1' and 1" are also trapezoidal in cross section. The ribs 3 'or 3 "allow the partial or total overlap of the plates 1' or 1", similar to the ribs 3. Preferably, a single type of plate 1 ', as shown in Figure 4, can receive panels 8 of photovoltaic cells of different dimensions. For this, it is sufficient to turn 180 °, in a horizontal plane, a plate 1 'relative to another and to overlap the two plates 1' thus arranged to obtain a configuration similar to that of the plate 1 shown in FIG. 3, but of variable width I, adapted to that of a panel 8. For this, in the embodiment shown in Figure 4, a single edge 4 'of a plate 1' is provided over its entire length of an organ in relief 6 '. When two plates 1 'partially overlap, so that the edge 5' devoid of the organ in relief of a plate 1 'covers the free edge 5' of the other plate 1 ', some of their ribs 3' are superimposed. We then obtain a configuration of the plates 1 'where their respective relief members 6' are parallel and form the edges of the plates 1 'thus assembled. In other words, it reproduces with two plates 1 'each having a single element in relief 6' the configuration of the plate 1. If necessary, between the plates 1 'is intercalated one or more corrugated sheets, provided that the ribs respective of the plate 1 'and the sheet may overlap. For plates of large widths, it is possible to provide a relief member 6 "'in the central position on a plate 1" already equipped with two raised members 6 ", 7" as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5. Alternatively, the relief member 6 "'is in the off-center position, the members 6", 7 "and 6"' extend over the entire length of the plate 1. This plate 1 "is intended to receive two photovoltaic cell panels juxtaposed.

In other non-illustrated embodiments, the number and / or arrangement of the relief members are different. For example, a single member in relief, similar to the raised member 6 "'of the plate 1", is mounted in the central or off-center position of a plate, the edges thereof being free. The ribs located near the edges of such a plate allow the overlap of two plates, to obtain a configuration with a variable useful width, similar to the configuration made with the plates 1 '. If necessary, it is also possible to interpose between such plates one or more corrugated metal sheets, for the maintenance of wide panel. The cross section of the members 6 ', 6 "and 7" is also configured as a half-mushroom, like that of the members 6 and 7. The cross section of the raised element 6 "' located in the central position of the plate 1" is configured as a mushroom. Its cap and base are thus trapezoidal section, while the base and the cap of the organs 6 ', 6 "and 7" are shaped half trapezium. The members 6 ', 6 ", 6"' and 7 "extend above the plates 1 'and 1", their median axes X6', X6 ", X6" 'and X "being perpendicular to the webs 2' and 2 "plates 1 'and 1". "According to the widths of panels of photovoltaic cells to be fixed, different plates are used, corresponding to different embodiments, such as those illustrated in Figures 3 to 5.

The mounting of panels 8 on the plates 1 'and 1 "is carried out similarly to the mounting on the plates 1, with the aid of fasteners 10, 12. In the case where a plate 1" with a relief member 6 "'in the central position, between the corrugations 3", first and second fixing members, possibly identical, received on each side of the member 6 "' are used.

The fasteners may be of shapes and / or dimensions and / or in number different from those described, provided that these members have at least one bearing surface against a surface 27 or 27 'of a raised member 6 , 6 ', 6 ", 6"' or 7. By way of example, these fasteners may be of the spring clip type, hinged leg or hook mounted on a threaded rod. In other words, these fasteners must have a shape that allows them to be held by at least two bearing surfaces in a holding zone Z or Z '. When the panel rests on the ribs 3, 3 ', 3 "of the plates 1, 1', 1", one of the edges of the panel may be configured to bear against a surface 27, 27 'of a raised member. In this case, only a fastener 10 or 12 mounted on a parallel edge is necessary.

Depending on the configuration of the fasteners, the method of mounting a panel on a plate may be different from that described for mounting a panel 8 on a plate 1 with the fasteners 10 and 12. For example, with clips, the assembly of the panel is achieved by simultaneous snapping of the edges of the panel.

Claims (13)

CLAIMS 1 .-. A device for holding a solar panel (8) on a roof of a building, characterized in that it comprises at least one raised element (6, 7, 6 ', 6 ", 6"' , 7 "), mounted on a building covering element (1, 1 ', 1") provided with at least one surface (27, 27') oriented towards a surface (2, 2 ') , 2 ") of the cover member (1, 1 ', 1") and adapted to delimit therewith a holding zone (Z, Z') of a fastening member (10, 12) mounted on an edge (9, 11) of the panel (8). 2.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening member (10, 12) mounted on an edge (9, 11) of the panel (8) comprises at least one fulcrum (240, 39) on a surface (27, 27 ') of the holding zone (Z, Z'). 3.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover member is a plate (1, 1 ', 1 ") cover and in that its surface oriented towards the surface (27, 27') of the protruding member (6, 7, 6 ', 7', 6 ", 6-, 7") is a part of the web (2, 2 ', 2 ") constituting the plate (1, 1', 1 "). 4.- Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the raised member (6, 7, 6 ', 7', 6 ", 6" ', 7 ") extends relative to a main plane (P , P ', P ") of the plate (1, 1', 1") in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis (A, A ', A ") of the plate (1, 1', 1"), on the entire length of the plate (1, 1 ', 1 "). 5.- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface (27, 27 ') of the relief member oriented towards the main web (2) of the plate (1) is a surface (27). 27 ') of the end portion (23, 23') of the relief member (6, 7, 6 ', 7', 6 ", 7", 6 "'). 6.- Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the surface (27, 27 ') of the end portion (23, 23') of the relief member (6, 7, 6 ', 7', 6 " , 7 ", 6" ') is inclined with respect to a perpendicular plane (P6) to a median axis (X6) of the relief member (6, 7, 6', 6 ", 7", 7 "') an angle (b) in the trigonometric direction between -70 ° and + 30 °. 7.- Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the surface (27, 27 ') of the end portion (23, 23') of the relief member (6, 7, 6 ', 7', 6 ", 6" ', 7 ") delimits the holding zone (Z, Z') with a junction zone (19, 19 ') between the web (2, 2') of the plate (1, 1 ', 1 ") and a predetermined rib (30, 31) of the plate (1, 1 ', 1"). 8.- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least two bodies in relief (6 ', 7') located opposite one another, defining with the sails (2 ' ) at least two plates (1 ') two holding zones, and spaced a distance (I) adapted to a dimension of the panel (8) to maintain. 9.- Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the distance (I) is adjustable by more or less approximating the raised members (6 ') of at least two identical plates (1') which overlap more or less . 10.- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the holding zones (Z, Z ') receives a fastener (10, 12) of a panel (8). 11.- Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the two holding zones (Z, Z ') receive two fasteners (10, 12) of different type. 12.- Device according to claim 11, characterized in that a first fixing member (10) comprises a tab (24) movable under the action of a screw (25), an end (240) of the tab ( 24) being adapted to bear against the surface (27) of an element (6) in relief and in that a second fixing member (12) comprises a slide (38), movable under the action of a spring in a notch (37) of the body (28) of the second member (12), one end (39) of the slide (38) being adapted to abut against the surface (27 ') of the embossed member ( 7). 13. - Building cover comprising at least one device for fixing a solar panel according to one of the preceding claims.