EP2307819A2

EP2307819A2 - Solar power recovery module mounting device, solar power recovery unit, and method for mounting solar power recovery modules

Info

Publication number: EP2307819A2
Application number: EP09766059A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jean-Claude Jeandeaud
Original assignee: Apollon Solar SAS
Current assignee: Jeandeaud Jean-Claude; Apollon Solar SAS
Priority date: 2008-05-27
Filing date: 2009-05-27
Publication date: 2011-04-13
Also published as: FR2931932B1; WO2009153497A2; WO2009153497A3; FR2931932A1; US20110162639A1; CA2726084A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a mounting device (3) for at least one module (400) for recovering power from solar radiation that includes a first (54) and second (56) groove arranged in a stationary manner opposite one another. Each groove (54, 56) is capable of receiving a module edge (402A, 402B) while an opposite module edge (402B, 402A) is received in the other groove. In the configuration for maximum sinking of an edge (402A, 402B) of the module (400) into a groove (54, 56) from among the two grooves, the opposite module edge (402B, 402A) is capable of being extracted from the other edge, and the device contains a means (9) for maintaining the module in a position wherein the two opposite module edges (402A, 402B) are received in the first (54) and second (56) groove, respectively. The grooves (54, 56) are formed in a section (5) making it possible to completely hold up each module (400).

Description

DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING ENERGY RECOVERY MODULES

SOLAR, SOLAR ENERGY RECOVERY UNIT AND METHOD

ASSEMBLY OF SOLAR ENERGY RECOVERY MODULES

The present invention relates to a device for supporting at least one energy recovery module derived from solar radiation, and to a solar energy recovery unit. The invention also relates to a system for exhausting air from at least one energy recovery unit derived from solar radiation, and to a method for mounting at least one energy recovery module from solar radiation on a structure, such as a roof or facade of a building, or a support structure in the field.

Within the meaning of the invention, a solar energy recovery module is either a photovoltaic solar module, able to convert the energy from solar radiation into electrical energy, or a solar thermal module, able to convert the solar energy. energy from solar radiation in thermal energy recovered in a heat transfer fluid, the combination of a photovoltaic solar module and a solar thermal module.

In known manner, a photovoltaic solar module is in the form of a panel comprising a plurality of photovoltaic cells interposed between a transparent front plate, for example made of glass or plastic and intended to be exposed to solar radiation, and a transparent or opaque back plate, for example made of glass or Tedlar (registered trademark) and intended to be arranged opposite a mounting structure of the module. Such a photovoltaic module is conventionally manufactured individually, and assembled with other modules when it is mounted on a structure, such as a roof or a facade of a building. For this purpose, it is known to equip a photovoltaic module with a metal frame, which covers the outer peripheral edge of the module. Fixing the module on a mounting structure is then obtained by securing the frame with the structure, in the case of the individual assembly of the module, and / or with the frame of another module, in the case of mounting several juxtaposed modules. Once fixed on the structure, each module must also be electrically connected, by means of connection cables, to means for making available the electric current generated by the module for use by devices or other suitable systems. .

The fastening of the frame of each module with the mounting structure and, possibly, with the adjacent module frames, as well as the management of the electrical wiring of each module, requires the intervention of qualified operators for the installation of photovoltaic modules on a structure. Due to the fact that the modules are manufactured using glass plates or other rigid materials, the handling of the modules, especially during their transport and installation, must be carried out with care to avoid damage to the modules. In addition, when one or more photovoltaic modules are mounted in an integrated manner on a roof, it is necessary to set up a module receiving structure, in particular by means of lintels and beams, in addition to the initial structure of the roof. , which helps to increase the time and cost of installing the modules. In particular, it is necessary to provide a module receiving structure sufficiently dense to ensure satisfactory strength of the roof integrating the photovoltaic modules. The individual assembly of modules thus imposes a step of the reception structure equal to the dimensions of each module. The juxtaposed assembly of modules with interconnection of the adjacent module frames makes it possible to provide a greater pitch for the reception structure but does not allow the individual replacement of the modules in the event of a failure.

Similar problems arise with solar thermal modules.

Furthermore, it is known from JP-A-2004 116240 to mount sleepers on the roof of a building, in a horizontal direction, then insert the upper and lower edges of solar panels in ribs provided on these sleepers. The sleepers must be positioned precisely on the roof, to receive the edges of the panels in a configuration where they are effectively blocked in order to withstand the weather. In particular, the parallelism of these sleepers must be respected, otherwise a panel of a row of panels could not be put in place between two sleepers or, conversely, would not be held efficiently.

It is to these drawbacks that the invention more particularly intends to remedy by proposing a device for supporting energy recovery modules derived from solar radiation, enabling easy assembly of such modules on a reception structure, with a limited cost and without risk of damage to the modules, this support device also allows individual replacement modules, once mounted, in case of failure.

For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a device for supporting at least one energy recovery module derived from solar radiation, of the type comprising a first and a second groove arranged in a fixed manner facing one of the other, each groove being adapted to receive an edge of the module while an opposite edge of the module is received in the other groove, in which device, in the configuration of maximum depression of an edge of the module in a groove among the first and second grooves, the opposite edge of the module can be extracted from the other groove, while the device comprises means for holding the module in a configuration in which the two opposite edges of the module are respectively received in the first groove and in the second groove. According to the invention, the device comprises a profile which comprises both the first and second ribs.

Thanks to the invention, it is possible to form a physical entity consisting of a profile and one or more energy recovery modules, this physical entity being able to be routed to its implementation site and installed on the site. particularly simple way. Indeed, a profile with grooves can be equipped in the workshop, one or more energy recovery modules, to form a ready-to-install subset, this which is particularly appreciable in terms of ease of installation and reduces the duration of construction sites. In addition, the bottom of such a profile ensures a sealing function, by isolating the roof of runoff, which is not possible with the separate beams of JP-A-2004 116240. , the invention facilitates the integration of a possible layer of thermal and sound insulation, which allows to form an integrated subassembly and ready to pose forming an isolated unit of energy recovery from solar radiation.

According to other advantageous features of a support device according to the invention, taken individually or in any technically possible combination, the device can incorporate the features of one of claims 2 to 16.

The invention also relates to a solar energy recovery unit of the type comprising a support device as described above and at least one solar energy recovery module mounted on the device of support.

Another object of the invention is a system for exhausting air from at least one energy recovery unit as described above, comprising hot air exhaust ducts included in a volume delimited either between a bottom of the profile and the module of the unit, or between a mounting structure of the profiles and the module of the unit, to the outside or to means for using this hot air.

In addition, the subject of the invention is a method of mounting at least one energy recovery module derived from solar radiation on a structure, such as a roof or facade of a building, or a structure of support in the field, by means of a support device as described above, comprising steps in which:

- the or each module is pre-assembled on the support device profile by performing at least the following operations:

a maximum of one edge of the module is engaged in a groove of the profile of the first and second grooves, the module is tilted so as to bring the opposite edge of the module opposite the other groove of the profile, among the first and second grooves,

the opposite edge of the module is engaged in the other groove of the profile by a translational movement of the module,

the module is immobilized with respect to the support device in a position in which the two opposite edges of the module are received respectively in the first groove and in the second groove;

the support device is fixed on the structure.

The subject of the invention is also a device for supporting at least one energy recovery module derived from solar radiation, comprising a section on which the module is able to be mounted, this section comprising at least one reinforcing rib, the or each reinforcing rib being adapted, in mounted configuration of the module on the profile, to support one face of the module.

Finally, the subject of the invention is a device for supporting at least one energy recovery module derived from solar radiation, comprising a section on which the module is able to be mounted and at least one circulation pipe of a heat transfer fluid, this pipe being arranged in an air flow volume, which is delimited between a bottom of the profile and the module in mounted configuration of the module on the profile.

The features and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description of several embodiments of a power recovery unit and a mounting method according to the invention, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a power recovery unit according to a first embodiment of the invention, comprising a support device according to a first embodiment and at least two recovery modules. energy from solar radiation; - Figure 2 is a partial section along the line M-II of Figure 1;

- Figure 3 is a cross section of two energy recovery units identical to the unit of Figure 1, which are mounted juxtaposed on the roof of a building;

FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1 for a power recovery unit according to a second embodiment of the invention, comprising a support device according to a second embodiment and at least two modules of FIG. energy recovery from solar radiation;

- Figure 5 is a partial section along the line V-V of Figure 4;

FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 showing a variant of the energy recovery unit of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 3 for a power recovery unit according to a third embodiment of the invention, comprising a support device according to a third embodiment;

- Figure 8 is a partial section along the line VIM-VMI of Figure 7, which shows several solar energy recovery modules mounted on the support device of Figure 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of an air exhaust system associated with a set of energy recovery units according to any one of FIGS. 1, 4, 6 or 7;

- Figure 10 is a view corresponding to detail X in Figure 6, for a support device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, in the case where two supports are mounted side by side;

FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 10, for a support device according to the fifth embodiment; and

- Figure 12 is a detail section along the line XII-XII in Figure 1, for a device according to a sixth embodiment of the invention. The unit 1 of energy recovery from the solar radiation shown in Figure 1 is intended to be mounted on a structure, such as a roof or a facade of a building, or a support structure in the field. Unit 1 comprises several solar energy recovery modules 400 which, in this example, are photovoltaic modules, two of which are shown in FIG. 1. Unit 1 also comprises a device 3 for supporting these modules. 400 modules. Each photovoltaic module 400 comprises, in known manner, a plurality of photovoltaic cells 410 interposed between two transparent front plates 4111 and 413, for example made of glass. Each photovoltaic module 400 is equipped with connection cables 408 capable of electrically connecting the module to means, not shown, for making available the electric current generated by the modules of the unit 1, for use by suitable apparatus.

The support device 3 of the unit 1 comprises a section 5 adapted to receive photovoltaic modules 400 and an element 8 for guiding the connection cables 408 of modules 400 mounted on the profile 5. The profile 5 is an elongated profile , of the cladding profile type, which comprises a bottom 51 and two lateral wings 53. X _{5 is} a longitudinal axis of the section 5. The section 5 is made from a metal blank formed by continuous profiling. Each lateral flange 53 of the profile 5 is shaped, preferably by profiling, so as to define a groove 54 or 56 open towards the other lateral flange 53 of the profile 5, that is to say towards the inside of the section 5, the grooves 54 and 56 being arranged opposite one another. An end portion 58 of each lateral flange 53 is folded outwardly of the profile 5, so as to form a longitudinal edge of the profile 5 adapted to cooperate by overlap with a corresponding edge 58 of a similar and adjacent section 5, as shown in FIG. 3. In addition, the bottom 51 of the profile 5 comprises a central and longitudinal reinforcing rib 55 which protrudes towards the inside of the profile 5. As can be seen more particularly in FIG. 3, the groove 54 of the profile 5 is provided with a depth a greater than the depth b of the groove 56. In addition, each groove 54 or 56 has dimensions adapted to receive a longitudinal edge 402A or 402B of a module 400 equipped with a seal 406. More specifically, in this embodiment, each groove 54 or 56 has a height h greater than the thickness e of each module 400. In all cases, the height h of each groove 54 or 56 is appropriate to the thickness of the corresponding edge of each module 400. Because of the relative positioning with respect to the grooves 54 and 56, each groove 54 or 56 is capable of receiving a longitudinal edge 402A or 402B of a photovoltaic module 400 while the opposite longitudinal edge 402A or 402B of the module is received in the other groove. Moreover, thanks to the relative depths of the grooves 54 and 56, it is possible, in the maximum recess configuration of a longitudinal edge 402A of a module 400 in the groove 54, to insert or extract the longitudinal edge. 402B opposite the module relative to the groove 56. The support device 3 and allows easy introduction and removal of a module 400 relative to the profile 5. Each module 400 is adapted to be immobilized relative to the profile 5 , by screwing, in a configuration in which the two opposite longitudinal edges 402A and 402B of the module are respectively received in the groove 54 and in the groove 56.

As can be clearly seen in FIG. 3, the reinforcing rib 55 is capable, in the assembled configuration of a module 400 on the section 5, in which the two opposite longitudinal edges 402A and 402B of the module are respectively received in the groove 54 and in the groove 56, to support the rear face 403 of the module 400, via a pad 15 interposed between the top of the reinforcing rib 55 and the face 403 of the module. The module 400 is thus supported by the profile 5 not only at its longitudinal edges 402A and 402B, but also at a middle portion of the module, by interaction between the rear face 403 of the module and the pad 15 arranged on the As a variant, the pad 15 may be replaced by a protruding relief formed on the top of the reinforcing rib 55. The reinforcing rib 55 is also equipped with bosses 57 intended for the separation and the relative immobilization of two modules 400, mounted on the section 5 in the continuity of one another, parallel to the longitudinal axis X ₅ of the profile 5.

Each module 400 mounted on the profile 5 is fixed relative to the profile 5 by screwing in the vicinity of the two transverse edges 404 of the module. More precisely, as can be seen in FIG. 2, the support device 3 comprises means 7 for screwing the modules 400 onto the profile 5, which comprise a self-tapping screw 71 designed to cooperate with a boss 57 of the reinforcing rib 55 between two adjacent modules 400, and a plate 72 for holding these two adjacent modules 400, interposed between the front faces 401 of the two modules 400 and the head of the screw 71.

In this embodiment, a spring 9 is arranged in the groove 54 of greater depth, so as to resiliently push each module 400, after insertion into the two grooves 54 and 56, bearing against the bottom of the groove 56. The spring 9 is fixed either to the bottom of the groove 54 or to the longitudinal edge 402A of the module 400. The spring 9 ensures the prepositioning of the module 400 in a configuration in which the two opposite longitudinal edges 402A and 402B of the module 400 are received respectively in the groove 54 and in the groove 56, the module then being immobilized in this configuration by screwing with the fastening means 7.

In the assembled configuration of the modules 400 on the section 5, in which the two opposite longitudinal edges 402A and 402B of each module 400 are respectively received in the groove 54 and in the groove 56, a volume V of air circulation is delimited between the bottom 51 of the profile 5 and the module 400. This air circulation volume V allows the modules 400 to be held at a temperature satisfactory for their operation. In particular, the circulation of air in the volume V avoids any temperature rise of the module 400 likely to reduce the efficiency and longevity of the module. At each of its ends, one of which is shown in FIG. 5A reference, the profile 5 is adapted to be equipped with an end plate 4 pierced with orifices 41 of air passage. The orifices 41 are each provided with a net 43 to limit the passage of disturbing elements, such as leaves or animals, in the volume V.

The guide element 8 belonging to the support device 3 is arranged in the volume defined by the reinforcing rib 55 towards the outside of the profile 5. Advantageously, the guide element 8 is made of a synthetic material and comprises protrusions, projecting or recessed, adapted to cooperate by snap-fastening with complementary reliefs, hollow or projecting, of the rib of the reinforcement 55.

FIG. 3 illustrates the mounting of photovoltaic modules 400 on the roof 500 of a building by means of the support device 3. As shown in this figure, two support devices 3, on which are respectively mounted two series of photovoltaic modules 400 , are installed in an integrated manner on the roof 500 of the building. For this purpose, some tiles 501 of the roof 500 have been removed at the desired mounting location of the modules 400, so that the support devices 3 are able to be fixed on the lintels 503 of the roof 500, by screwing the bottom 51 of the profiles 5 on the lintels 503. The adjacent sections 5 are nested relative to each other by means of their longitudinal overlapping edges 58, lateral sections 10 ensuring the junction between the longitudinal edges 58 of the profiles 5 and the neighboring tiles 501.

A method of mounting photovoltaic modules 400 on the roof 500 of a building by means of support devices 3 according to the invention comprises steps in which:

Firstly, several photovoltaic units 1 are formed by assembling photovoltaic modules 400 with support devices 3. For this purpose, each photovoltaic module 400 is pre-assembled on the section 5 of the support device 3, by pressing maximum longitudinal edge 402A of the module in the groove 54, then by flipping the module 400 so as to bring the longitudinal edge 402B opposite the module facing the groove 56. The spring 9 then elastically pushes the module 400, in a translation movement of the module, to a configuration in which the longitudinal edge 402B is inserted into the groove 56, both opposite longitudinal edges 402A and 402B of the module thus being received respectively in the groove 54 and in the groove 56. Specifically, the longitudinal edge 402B which is received in the groove 56 is held elastically bearing against the bottom of the groove 56 by the spring 9.

The module 400 is then immobilized in this configuration, by screwing with the fastening means 7 at the bosses 57 of the reinforcing rib 55, so as to fix the two transverse edges 404 of the module 400 with respect to the rib reinforcement 55.

When the desired number of photovoltaic modules 400 has thus been pre-mounted on each support device 3, the roof 500 is prepared for fixing the photovoltaic units 1 on this roof. For this purpose, in the case of mounting the photovoltaic units 1 in an integrated manner, the rows of tiles covering the desired mounting location of the photovoltaic modules 400 are removed. The profile 5 of each photovoltaic unit 1 is then fixed on the lintels of the photovoltaic unit 1. roof 500, by screwing the bottom 51 of the profile 5 on the lintels 500. This screwing can be performed near the ends 5A of the section 5, by separating the end plates 4 relative to the profile 5. The end plates 4 are then attached to new on the section 5, so as to close the access to the volume V while allowing an air flow in the volume V. The screwing of the bottom 51 of the section 5 on the lintels 500 can also be achieved in the bottom areas 51 intermediate between the ends 5A of the section 5, temporarily disconnecting one or more modules 400 relative to the profile 5.

As a variant, the assembly of the pre-assembled photovoltaic units 1 can be carried out in superstructure on the roof 500, the section 5 of each unit being then, for example, fixed on beams mounted above the tiles 501 of the roof 500.

In a particularly advantageous manner, the step of pre-assembly of the photovoltaic modules 400 with their support devices 3 so as to form photovoltaic units 1 can be carried out in the workshop, the photovoltaic units 1 then being transported and mounted on a receiving structure photovoltaic modules 400. Since the modules 400 are pre-assembled on the profiles 5, the risk of deterioration of the modules 400 during their transport and their assembly is limited. In addition, the presence of the guide element 8 housed in the reinforcing rib 55 makes it possible to channel all the connection cables 408 of the modules 400 supported by a profile 5, which facilitates the management of these cables during assembly. photovoltaic units 1 on a receiving structure. The pre-assembly in the workshop of the modules 400 on the profiles 5 thus allows easy installation on site, which does not require the intervention of a qualified workforce, the installation cost of the modules 400 is therefore significantly reduced .

In the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, elements similar to those of the first embodiment carry identical references increased by 100. The unit 101 for recovering energy from the solar radiation shown in FIG. 4 is a photovoltaic unit which comprises, in a similar manner to the first embodiment, several photovoltaic modules 400, of which two are shown in FIG. 4. The unit 101 also comprises a device 103 for supporting these modules 400, which comprises a profile 105 of elongate shape, adapted to receive photovoltaic modules 400, and a member 108 for guiding the connection cables 408 of modules 400 mounted on the section 105. X ₁₀₅ is noted a longitudinal axis of the profile 105, which is similar to the profile 5 of the first embodiment. The profile 105 comprises a bottom 151 and two lateral wings 153, the bottom 151 being provided with a central and longitudinal reinforcing rib 155, which projects inwardly from the profile 105 and which is adapted to supporting a middle portion of each module 400 mounted on the profile 103, via a shoe 115 similar to the shoe 15 of the first embodiment, visible on the section of Figure 6. Each side flange 153 of the profile 105 is shaped, preferably profiled, so as to define a groove 154 or 156 open towards the inside of the section 105, the grooves 154 and 156 being arranged facing one another. As in the first embodiment, the groove 154 of the profile 105 is provided with a depth a greater than the depth b of the groove 156, each groove 154 or 156 further having dimensions adapted to receive a longitudinal edge 402A or 402B of a module 400 equipped with a seal 406. Thus, each groove 154 or 156 is able to receive a longitudinal edge 402A or 402B of a photovoltaic module 400 while the opposite longitudinal edge 402B or 402A of the module is received. in the other groove. In addition, thanks to the relative depths of the grooves 154 and 156, it is possible, in the maximum recess configuration of a longitudinal edge 402A of a module 400 in the groove 154, to insert or extract the longitudinal edge. 402B opposite the module relative to the groove 156.

The support device 103 according to this second embodiment differs from the support device 3 described above in that the bottom 151 of the profile 105 is pierced with rectangular cutouts 152. These cutouts 152, which can have various shapes, allow the passage light, especially in the case where the photovoltaic unit 101 is integrated on a roof type glass. These cuts are optional.

According to a variant not shown of the invention, additional cuts, comparable to the cutouts 152, may be provided in the side wings 153 or in the reinforcing rib 155. These additional cuts may have any shape adapted to their function.

The cutouts 152 and / or any additional cuts allow the passage of light and, especially when the profile 105 is mounted offset from a building wall or in the open field, the passage cooling air of the modules 400, to the volume V defined between the profile 105 and these modules, or from this volume.

The support device 103 is also distinguished from the support device 3 of the first embodiment in that the means 107 for fixing each module 400 relative to the profile 105, in a configuration in which the two longitudinal edges 402A and 402B opposite the module are received respectively in the groove 154 and in the groove 156, include self-locking elements 172 and 173, adapted to be secured respectively with the wings 153 and with the reinforcing rib 155, at an adjustable position in the direction of the axis longitudinal X105. Each self-locking element 172 or 173 consists of two parts 172A, 172B or 173A, 173B that can be tightened relative to one another by means of a screw 174 or 175, so that in a tight configuration of the two parts 172A and 172B, or 173A and 173B, a self-locking element 172 or 173 around a portion of the corresponding flange 153 or the reinforcing rib 155, the self-locking element 172 or 173 is immobilized relative to this portion. Alternatively, the tightening of the constituent parts of each self-locking element 172 or 173 relative to one another can be achieved by any suitable means other than a screw 174 or 175, for example by pinching by means of a spring or by cam clamping.

The self-locking elements 172 and 173 are adapted to immobilize on the section 105 without the latter having to be drilled, which facilitates the distribution of these blocking elements 172 and 173 in the longitudinal direction of the profile 105 and ensures the seal of the profile. The profile 105 is provided with a groove 105A in which is engaged a rib 172N of the part 172A. The profile 105 also defines a border 105B, projecting towards the rib 155 from the flange 153, while the portion 172B is provided with a spout 172P which is able to bear against the surface of the oriented edge 105B towards the bottom 151 of the profile 105. By tightening the screw 174, one can achieve a firm immobilization of the element 172 on the section 105, by cooperation of forms. In the same way, the rib 155 is provided with two longitudinal grooves 155A and 155B in which engage two ribs 173N and 173P respectively provided on the parts 173A and 173B, so that the tightening of the screw 175 induces a self-locking immobilization of the self-locking element 173 on the rib 155, this without drilling the profile 105 .

In the example shown, three self-locking elements, namely two elements 172 and an element 173, are intended to be arranged between each pair of adjacent modules 400 mounted on the section 105, in the vicinity of the transverse edges 404 of these modules. The fastening means 107 comprise, for each set of interlocking elements 172 and 173 arranged between a pair of adjacent modules 400, two screws 171, provided to cooperate with the portions 172A of the two interlocking elements 172 integral with the wings 153, and a bumper 102 which contiguously covers a portion of the front face 401 of the two adjacent modules 400, in the vicinity of the transverse edges 404 of the modules. The two screws 171 pass through the bead 102 and each cooperate with the portion 172A of the corresponding self-locking member 172. According to a variant not shown of the invention, the fastening means 107 may comprise only self-locking elements 172 or only self-locking elements 173. The use of self-locking elements 172 and / or 173, whose position is adjustable in the direction of the longitudinal axis X105, allows the attachment, relative to the profile 105, modules 400 of different lengths parallel to the axis X105.

As is apparent from FIG. 5, the guiding element 108 of the support device 103 is arranged, unlike the guiding element 8 of the first embodiment, in the air circulation volume V delimited between the bottom 151 of the profile 105 and the modules 400 mounted on the profile 105, in the vicinity of a flange 153 of the profile 105. Advantageously, the guide element 108 is made of a synthetic material and is adapted to cooperate by snapping with the corresponding wing 153 of the profile 105.

According to one aspect of the invention which is shown only in FIG. 5 for the clarity of the drawing, and in the case where the optional cutouts 152 are not not made, a layer 165 of thermally and acoustically insulating material is affixed to the profile 105, on its side 105C intended to be turned towards the roof to be equipped, that is to say towards the interior of a building on which the support device 103 is mounted. This insulating layer 165 is made of foam of synthetic material, for example polyurethane foam, and fills both the internal volume of the central rib 155 and the sides of the wings 153, on outside of them. The layer of insulating material 165 also extends under the bottom 151 of the section 105. This makes it possible to give the profile 105 a thermal insulation function complementary to its support function. A protective sheet 166 of aluminum foil, or of another metal, is pressed onto the faces of the layer 165 which are not in contact with the profile 105.

According to one aspect of the invention which is not shown for clarity of the drawings, the geometry of the layer 165 and the sheet 166 is adapted to allow the stacking of the devices 103 before installation on site, that the modules 400 are in place or not.

FIG. 6 illustrates a variant of the photovoltaic unit 101, in which the heat accumulation in the volume V is used to heat the building equipped with the unit 101. In this variant, the support device 103 comprises an element 106 for mounting, in the volume V, pipes 700 in which circulates a coolant, for example water additive with an anti-freeze product. The mounting element 106 is made of a synthetic material and is adapted to cooperate by snapping with the profile 105. The heat recovery provided by the coolant flowing in the pipes 700 increases the energy efficiency of the unit. 101, by converting energy from solar radiation into both electrical energy and thermal energy. In addition, it is possible, when the photovoltaic modules 400 mounted on the section 105 are covered with snow, for example in the case where the unit 101 is used in a mountainous area, to heat the coolant circulating in the pipes 700, in order to increase the temperature that prevails in volume V at the back of each module 400 and to melt the layer of snow which isolates the photovoltaic cells 410 of each module 400 relative to solar radiation. In this case, the heat transfer fluid circulating in the pipes 700 is advantageously a mixture of water and antifreeze.

In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the elements similar to those of the first embodiment carry identical references increased by 200. The unit 201 for energy recovery from the solar radiation shown in FIGS. and 8 comprises several photovoltaic modules 400 and a device 203 for supporting these modules 400. The support device 203 comprises a profile 205 of elongated shape, similar to the profiles 5 and 105 described above, which comprises a bottom 251 and two lateral wings 253 Each lateral flange 253 is shaped, preferably by profiling, so as to define two grooves 254 and 256, open towards the inside of the profile 205 and arranged facing one another, so that each groove 254 or 256 is adapted to receive a longitudinal edge 402A or 402B of a photovoltaic module 400 while the opposite longitudinal edge 402B or 402A of the module is re u in the other groove. In mounted configuration of a photovoltaic module 400 on the section 205, a volume V of air circulation is delimited between the module 400 and the bottom 251, which allows the modules 400 to be held at a temperature satisfactory for their operation. The groove 254 is provided with a depth greater than the depth b of the groove 256. Thus, in the maximum recess configuration of a longitudinal edge 402A of a module 400 in the groove 254, it is possible to insert or extracting the opposite longitudinal edge 402B of the module with respect to the groove 256.

The support device 203 differs from the support devices described above in that it also comprises a module locking rod 209 in configuration mounted on the profile 205. The locking rod 209, which is of elongated shape, is provided to be inserted into the groove 254 so as to limit the engagement of the longitudinal edge 402A of the modules 400 in this groove 254. The rod 209, which can be rigid or semi-rigid, thus ensures the maintenance of each module 400 mounted on the section 205 in a configuration in which the two opposite longitudinal edges 402A and 402B of the module 400 are received respectively in the groove 254 and in the groove 256.

The rod 209 also acts as a lock. For this purpose, the rod 209 is equipped, at one of its ends 209A, a contactor 291 for cooperating with a corresponding contactor 206 secured to the section 205. When the contactor 291 is away from the contactor 206, an electrical circuit , initially closed by the link established between the contactors 291 and 206, becomes open, which triggers an audible or visual alarm system. It is thus possible to identify a break-in perpetrated on the unit 201, aiming at dissociating one or more photovoltaic modules 400 from the section 205. In addition, the rod 209 is provided with a length less than the length of the unit. 205, so that the second end 209B of the rod 209 can be reached only by means of a tool 600 specifically provided for the extraction of the rod 209 from the groove 254. By way of example, tool 600 may comprise a threaded end adapted to cooperate with a threaded endpiece 293 corresponding to the end 209B of the rod 209.

As can be seen from the three examples described above, a support device 3, 103, 203 according to the invention, comprising a section 5, 105, 205 of the cladding profile type, makes it possible to limit the reception structure to be provided for the mounting of the photovoltaic modules 400, insofar as the profile 5, 105, 205 itself constitutes a structural part. Thanks to the sealed assembly of the modules 400, each of the longitudinal edges 402A and 402B is equipped with a seal 406, in the grooves of the section 5, 105, 205 corresponding, the roof of the roof 500 equipped with photovoltaic modules 400 is guaranteed, even when the profile has cutouts as in the second embodiment. The dimensions of each profile 5, 105, 205 may advantageously be adapted to the type of module 400 to be installed, as well as to the many of these modules. In particular, it is possible to cut each profile 5, 105, 205 to a length suitable for the pre-assembly of a desired number of modules 400. The presence of the reinforcing rib 55, 155 of the central section 5, 105, 205 guarantees a satisfactory solidity of the roof 500 comprising the photovoltaic modules 400, so that this roof is able to withstand a large weight, without risk of rupture at the level of the modules 400. In particular, the central rib 55, 155, which constitutes a support of a median portion of each module 400 mounted on the profile 5, 105, 205, allows to design the modules 400 of a photovoltaic unit 1, 101, 201 with a lightened structure, which limits the cost of these modules and facilitates their handling. In addition, thanks to a support device 3, 103, 203 according to the invention, the dimensions of the ventilation volume V for maintaining the modules 400 at an optimum operating temperature are well controlled by cutting and folding adapted to constituent blank of each section 5, 105, 205.

FIG. 9 shows an air evacuation system 900 capable of being associated with a set of energy recovery units 1, 101, 201 according to any one of FIGS. 1, 4, 6 or 7 The system 900 comprises ducts 901, 902, 903, 904 for the discharge of hot air included in the internal volume V of each unit 1, 101, 201, each equipped with means for extracting this hot air. In particular, the conduit 901 is connected to a Venturi extraction chimney 905, while the conduit 902 is equipped with a fan 906 adapted to force the flow of hot air towards the conduits 903 or 904, which channel the hot air respectively to the outside and to a heating system of the building equipped with the set of units 1, 101, 201, 301 of energy recovery.

In the fourth and fifth embodiments of the invention shown in Figures 10 and 11, the elements similar to those of the second embodiment bear the same references. In what follows, we mainly describe what distinguishes these two embodiments from that of FIG. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, a photovoltaic module 400 is inserted by one of its edges 402B into a groove 156 of a section 105. P ₄₀ O is a main plane of the module 400 which is equidistant from its front and rear faces 401 and 403. We note e _4O o the thickness of the module 400 taken perpendicular to the plane P _40O , between the faces 401 and 403.

An elastic element 191 is hooked on the edge of the groove 156 by cooperation of shapes with a rib 157 formed on the profile 105. The elastic element 191 is made of spring steel and exerts on the edge 402B, on the side of the face 401 of the module 400, an elastic force Ei which plates the face 403 against a surface 156B of the profile 105 which delimits the groove 156 opposite the rib 157.

The resilient force E ₁ therefore prevents the module 400 vibrates, especially when subjected to the wind, and can accommodate, in the groove 156, modules 400 of thickness e o _4O variables. A second elastic element, of the same type as the element 191, is mounted on the profile 105 in the vicinity of its other rib, with the same function as the element 191.

In addition, the profile 105 is provided with an end hook 158 which extends over its entire length and which defines a volume V ₁₅₈ for receiving a tongue formed on the side of each section opposite its hook 158. In FIG. 10, a second profile 105 'identical to the profile 105 is shown with its tongue 159' engaged in the interior volume of the hook 158.

The hook 158 and the tongue 159 'of the profiles 105 and 105' thus allow the continuous setting of these two adjacent sections, as shown in FIG. 10, by cooperation of shapes. Once the tab 159 'of the profile 105' engaged in the hook 158, it is possible to locally deform the hook 158, particularly by pinching, thus constituting a "stapling", to firmly anchor the tongue 159 'in the hook 158 .

According to a not shown variant of the invention, the attachment between the elastic element 191 and the profile 105 can be achieved by means of a projecting portion, rib-like, formed on the element 191 and engaged in a groove corresponding provided on the face of the section 105 which defines the groove 156 opposite the surface 156B.

In the embodiment of FIG. 11, in place of the element 191, an elastic elastomer seal 192 is used which exerts an elastic force E ₁ perpendicular to the edge 402B of a module 400 engaged in the groove 156. median plane P _40O of the module 400 defined as above. This elastic elastomer seal 192 is an alternative to spring element 191 of the embodiment of FIG. 10 and performs substantially the same function. In this embodiment, a continuous flow of two adjacent sections 105 and 105 'is also possible, as explained with reference to the embodiment of FIG. 11.

In the embodiment of FIG. 12, elements similar to those of the first embodiment bear the same references. In what follows, only what distinguishes this embodiment from the first is described. In this embodiment, in addition to or in place of the spring 9 of the first embodiment, a locking member 193 is engaged in the groove 54 after the modules 400 have been put in place in the configuration of FIG. To do this, the locking member 193 is slid into the gap I between the transverse edges 404 of two modules 400 disposed in the same profile 5, this gap I being visible in Figure 1.

The locking member 193 comprises a pallet 194 enabling it to be manipulated with the fingers to slide it parallel to the direction of the axis X ₅ , by engaging it in the groove 54 of the profile 5. The member 193, which is made of spring steel, also comprises a tab 195 adapted to exert on the edge 402A of a module 400 engaged in the groove 54 an elastic reaction force E ₂ , directed towards the opposite groove of the profile 5, in the case where the module 400 would be moved towards the bottom 54C of the groove 54. In other words, the locking member 193 prevents the edge 402A of a module 400 from being pressed into the groove 54 to a point such that its edge opposite 402B could be disengaged from the opposite groove, the type of the groove 56 of the profile of the first embodiment. As can be seen from the embodiments described above, a device 3, 103 or 203 according to the invention for supporting energy recovery modules derived from solar radiation enables easy and inexpensive mounting of energy recovery modules on a structure, such as a roof or facade of a building. In molded configuration of the devices 3, 103 or 203 shown in FIG. 9, the respective longitudinal axes of the sections 5, 105 and 205 are perpendicular to the edge of the roof, so that the volumes V defined by these sections are lengthened in the direction of the slope of the roof, which facilitates the flow of air to the chimney 905. This is very advantageous compared to the case where horizontal sleepers are used to support solar panels and where these sleepers impede the flow of air.

A support device 3, 103 or 203 according to the invention allows the pre-assembly of energy recovery modules, so as to form energy recovery units 1, 101, 201, which are stronger than modules taken individually. This is to be compared to the fact that a single profile 5, 105 or 205 supports, by means of two adapted grooves 54, 56 or equivalent, the two opposite edges of the same module 400, which allows to transport and protect a module or a set of modules mounted on such a profile safely.

The risk of deterioration of energy recovery modules is therefore limited during transport or assembly. In addition, a power recovery unit 1, 101, 201 according to the invention, comprising a support device 3, 103, 203 according to the invention and energy recovery modules, is able to be easily fixed. on a receiving structure, such as a roof, integrated in the structure or superstructure, by screwing or any other suitable technique for fixing the profile or profiles 5, 105, 205 of the energy recovery unit 1 , 101, 201 with respect to the receiving structure. The specific profile of the grooves or sections 5, 105, 205 of a support device 3, 103, 203conformant to the invention allows a reliable and reversible installation of energy recovery modules on the profile or profiles. This reversible installation of the energy recovery modules on the or the profile 5, 105 or 205 allows individual disassembly of each module relative to the profile, so that it is possible to replace each module individually in case of failure .

The invention is not limited to the examples described and shown. In particular, in each of the embodiments described above, photovoltaic solar modules 400 may be replaced by solar thermal modules. A combination of solar thermal modules and photovoltaic solar modules is also possible, by juxtaposing modules of different types on the profiles of the support devices 3, 103, 203 according to the invention. In addition, a power recovery unit 1, 101, 201, 301 according to the invention, comprising a support device 3, 103, 203 according to the invention and energy recovery modules, can be mounted on any type of reception structure, especially on a roof as described above, on a wall belonging to a facade, or on a support structure in the open field.

Furthermore, cutouts similar to the cutouts 152 provided in the bottom of the profile 105 of the support device 103 of the second embodiment can be provided in the profiles 5 and 205 of the first and third embodiment. These cuts may also be of different shape from that shown in FIG. 4, in particular of circular shape.

The profile 5, 105, 205 of the cladding profile type, belonging to the support device 3, 103 or 203 of the first three embodiments, may also comprise a plurality of longitudinal reinforcing ribs 55, 155, juxtaposed in the transverse direction of the profile, in order to increase the strength of the energy recovery unit 1, 101, 201 formed by mounting energy recovery modules on the section 5, 105, 205. A profiled type of cladding section comprising one or more longitudinal reinforcing ribs can also be used for mounting energy recovery modules from solar radiation regardless of the presence of grooves receiving opposite edges of each module, each rib being adapted to receive a support a rear face of each module mounted on the profile. The advantages in terms of solidity of the roof integrating the modules and lightening the structure of each module are then retained.

The sections 5 and 205 of the cladding profile type can also be filled with foam, so as to improve the thermal insulation, and possibly sound insulation, of the roof integrating the energy recovery modules, as represented in FIG. 5 for the profile. 105.

Maintaining each energy recovery module 400 mounted with respect to a profile 5, 105, 205 of a support device according to the invention, in a configuration in which the two opposite longitudinal edges 402A and 402B of the module 400 are received in a groove, can be obtained, in the first two and fourth embodiments, by means of a locking rod similar to the rod 209 of the third embodiment. Moreover, whatever the embodiment, the means for fixing energy recovery modules on a profile of a support device according to the invention may comprise self-locking elements similar to elements 172 and / or 173 of the second embodiment. In particular, the fastening means 107 of the second embodiment can be used in the first embodiment, replacing the fastening means 7, the bosses 57 of the section 5 can then be removed.

The installation of pipes for circulating a heat transfer fluid in the volume V of air circulation can be transposed to the first, third and fourth embodiments, the volume V being delimited either between the bottom of the section 5, 105, 205 of type cladding profile of a support device 3, 103, 203 according to the invention and a module mounted on this profile. Connection cable guide members 8, 108 may also be used for pipe guidance. In addition, the installation of pipes for the circulation of a heat transfer fluid in the volume V of air circulation delimited between the bottom of a profiled profiled type of cladding and photovoltaic modules, in configuration mounting modules on the lateral wings of the profile, can also be performed regardless of the presence of receiving grooves opposite edges of each module. The advantages in terms of increasing the efficiency of the energy recovery unit resulting from the solar radiation and the release of the photovoltaic cells with respect to a possible layer of snow are then preserved.

Except in the case where it is provided with cutouts such as the optional cutouts 152 shown in FIG. 4, the bottom 51, 151 or 251 of a profile 5, 105, 205 ensures a leakproof insulation between the outside and the roof on which it is mounted, especially with regard to runoff water.

The technical characteristics of the different embodiments described in the above can be combined with each other, in the context of the invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. Support device (3; 103; 203) of at least one energy recovery module (400) derived from solar radiation, of the type comprising a first (54; 154; 254) and a second (56; 256) grooves arranged in a fixed manner facing each other, each groove (54, 56; 154, 156; 254, 256) being adapted to receive an edge (402A, 402B) of the module; The opposite edge (402B, 402A) of the module is received in the other groove, this opposite edge (402B) being capable, in the maximum recess configuration of an edge (402A) of the module (400) in a groove (54). 154; 254) of the first and second grooves to be withdrawn from the other groove (56; 156; 256), the device comprising means (7,9; 107; 193; module in a configuration in which the two opposite edges (402A, 402B) of the module are received respectively in the first groove (54; 154; 254) and in the second groove (56; 156; 256), characterized in that the device comprises a profile (4; 105; 205) having the first and second grooves (54, 56; 154, 156; 254, 256).

2. Support device according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding means comprise means (7; 107) for fixing the module (400) relative to the support device (3; 103; 203).

3. Support device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the first (54; 154; 254) and second (56; 156; 256) grooves have different depths (a, b), holding means comprising a locking rod (209) arranged in the groove (54; 154; 254) of greater depth.

4. Support device according to claim 3, characterized in that the locking rod (209) is adapted to actuate an alarm system in case of extraction of the locking rod (209) out of the groove (54; 154; 254) in which it is arranged.

5. Support device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile (5; 105; 205) is made from a metal blank formed by continuous profiling.

6. Support device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a layer (165) of insulating material is affixed on one side (105C) of the profile (105) intended to be turned towards the inside of a building equipped with the support device (103).

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the section (105) is provided with cutouts (152) allowing the passage of light and / or cooling air to or from a volume ( V) defined between the profile and a module (400) mounted on this profile.

8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a member (191, 192) capable of exerting, on an edge (402B) of a module (400) engaged in the groove (156), an elastic force (E ₁ ) perpendicular to a main plane (P ₄ oo) of the module.

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a member (193) capable of exerting, on an edge (402B) of a module (400) engaged in a groove (54), a force elastic directed towards the other groove of the profile (5).

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the section (105) is provided with means (158, 159 ') of continuous with a neighboring profile (105').

11. Support device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile (5; 105; 205) comprises at least one reinforcing rib (55; 155), the or each reinforcing rib (55; 155). being capable, in the configuration of the module in which the two opposite edges (402A, 402B) of the module are respectively received in the first groove (54; 154; 254) and in the second groove (56; 156; 256), to support a face (403) of the module (400).

12. Support device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second grooves (54, 56; 154, 156; 254, 256) are arranged in the profile or profiles (5; 105; 205). so that in the configuration of the module (400) in which the two opposite edges (402A, 402B) of the module are respectively received in the first groove (54; 154; 254) and in the second groove (56; 156; 256), a volume (V) of air circulation is delimited between a bottom (51; 151; 251) of the profile (5; 105; 205) and the module (400).

13. Support device according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises at least one heat transfer fluid circulation pipe, this pipe being arranged in said air circulation volume (V).

14. Support device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile (5; 105; 205) comprises a bottom (51; 151; 251) and two lateral wings (53; 153; 253), each side wing (53; 153; 253) defining one of the first and second grooves (54,56; 154,156; 254,256).

15. Support device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means (107) for fixing the module (400) relative to the or each profile (5; 105; 205), these means fixing device (107) comprising self-locking elements (172, 173) adapted to be fixed on the or each profile (5; 105; 205) in an adjustable manner in a longitudinal direction (X ₅ ; X105) of the profile (5; 105; 205).

16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the self-locking elements (172, 173) consist of two parts (172A, 172B, 173A, 173B) adapted to be clamped around a portion of the profile (105).

17. Unit (1; 101; 201) for recovering energy from solar radiation, of the type comprising at least one energy recovery module (400) derived from solar radiation, characterized in that it comprises a device for support (3; 103; 203) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the or each module (400) is mounted on the support device.

18. System (900) for exhausting air from at least one solar energy recovery unit (1; 101; 201) according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises ducts (901 - 904) for exhausting hot air in a volume (V) delimited between a bottom (51; 151; 251) of the profile (5; 105; 205) and the module (400) of the unit (1; 101; 201) to the outside or to means for using this hot air.

19. A method of mounting at least one module (400) for energy recovery from solar radiation on a structure (500), such as a roof or a facade of a building, or a supporting structure. field, by means of a support device (3; 103; 203) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it comprises steps in which:

- the or each module (400) is pre-assembled on the profile (5; 105; 205) of the support device (3; 103; 203) by performing at least the following operations:

at most one edge (402A) of the module is engaged in a groove (54; 154; 254) of the profile, among the first and second grooves,

the module (400) is tilted so as to bring the opposite edge (402B) of the module opposite the other groove (56; 156; 256) of the profile, among the first and second grooves,

the opposite edge (402B) of the module is engaged in the other groove (56; 156; 256) of the profile, by a translation movement of the module (400),

the module (400) is immobilized with respect to the support device (3; 103; 203) in a position in which the two opposite edges (402A, 402B) of the module are received respectively in the first groove (54; 154; 254); ) and in the second groove (56; 156; 256);

the support device (3; 103; 203) is fixed on the structure (500).