FR2964398A1 - Solar panels e.g. solar sensors, for use on roof cover of building to collect solar energy, have frame whose sides are provided with striations and grooves to assemble panels by permeation of striations and grooves - Google Patents

Abstract

The panels e.g. photovoltaic solar panels (1) have a peripheral frame (2) with sides (2A-2D), where each side comprises a set of striations and longitudinal grooves on an upper face or a lower face. The striations and grooves are shaped for assembling the panels with reversely oriented identical side of the frame of the similar adjoining panel by superposition of the sides and permeation of the striations and grooves of superposed sides so as to realize a junction and mechanical connection of the panels while simultaneously assuring a sealing between the panels. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a cover of a building, comprising assembly of solar panels (2) a method for installing solar panels on a roof of a building.

Description

Solar panels provided with a waterproof junction frame, and building cover by making application. The present invention relates to solar panels (solar thermal panels and photovoltaic solar panels) provided with a sealing frame. It also aims at building coverage by applying, as well as the method of installing such a cover. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of the building. More specifically, it relates to solar panels, in particular photovoltaic solar panels intended to be placed next to each other on all or part of a roof. 2. PRIOR ART It is well known to install, solar panels, on all or part of the roofs of residential buildings or other, in particular photovoltaic solar panels also called solar photovoltaic modules (MPV), which capture solar energy to turn it into electrical energy. In recent years, the craze for ecology and the desire to reduce the energy bill, have led to an increase in photovoltaic solar panels installation processes and devices for roofing roofs of buildings intended for different uses. These photovoltaic solar panels constituting all or part of the building's roofing must comply with the regulatory requirements by ensuring their own watertightness and, in particular, that of the roof on which they are to be installed, as well as having faculties self-cleaning (tilting panels at least 5 °). Various systems are known for sealing a roof constituted by an assembly of photovoltaic solar panels, to know, for example, on the one hand, the inclination of said panels on the roofs to accentuate the phenomenon. run off and secondly, plates providing support and sealed surface of the corrugated panel type or "steel tray" mounted on the covering, and on which are fixed the solar panels, for example EP-131074. Other sealing systems are also known, for example that described in document US-2004/0187909, which describes a solar panel intended to be mounted on inclined roofs and which comprises a frame, one of whose sides is provided with drainage. These drainage channels allow the evacuation of water when the latter seep through the junction of two assembled panels. The panels thus shaped are mounted in a manner analogous to conventional tiles. However, the integration of these solar panels as a blanket applies only to steep pitched roofs, and their tight mechanical connection between them is difficult to achieve. In fact, this kind of device mounted on a substantially flat roof provides virtually no sealing. 3. OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is in particular to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, in particular the disadvantages of the devices described above. Another object of the invention is to provide photovoltaic solar panels or solar thermal panels provided with a frame whose design allows a tight connection between adjacent panels and to obtain, in this way, a waterproof roof covering. The device according to the invention is applicable to both sloped roofs and flat roofs. Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive device to achieve easily and quickly setting up panels and reduce the installation time of the latter. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the invention, the above objectives are achieved by means of solar panels (solar thermal panels and photovoltaic solar panels) for covering roofs of buildings making it possible to solve the problems previously mentioned. mentioned. These panels are particularly remarkable in that they are provided with a frame each side of which comprises, on at least one of the upper or lower faces, a plurality of striations and longitudinal grooves shaped to allow its assembly with an identical side , inversely 10 oriented, of the frame of at least one similar adjoining panel, by superposition of said sides and interpenetration streaks and grooves of these superimposed sides, so as to achieve a junction and a mechanical connection of said panels, while simultaneously ensuring a seal between these. Advantageously, grooves and longitudinal grooves are provided in the upper faces of two perpendicular sides of the frame and in the lower faces of the other two sides of said frame. Thus, the invention proposes to avoid, by means of these grooves and grooves, the water infiltrations between each panel. Due to the design of the frames and the interpenetration of the streaks and grooves of the superimposed sides, these solar panels can be installed quickly and easily on flat roofs, at low or high slope. According to one embodiment, the panels comprise a first type of solar panel equipped with a frame whose upper faces on each side are provided with grooves and longitudinal grooves, and a second type of solar panel equipped with a frame of which the lower faces of each side are provided with ridges and grooves, so that a panel of one of these types can be assembled with at least one panel, or with two or three or four panels of the other type. According to a preferred embodiment, at least one side of the frame 30 has an inclination of the order of + 5 ° with respect to the surface of the solar panel and / or at least one side of the panel framing has a inclination of - 5 ° to the surface of the solar panel so that, in use, the phenomenon of self-cleaning and flow is accentuated. Preferably, the sides of the panels of the panels have a width of between 40 mm and 100 mm. Advantageously, the sides of the frame have a length identical to the length of the sides of the solar panel proper, on which they are fixed, so that said frame has four re-entrant angles and that at the junction of several adjacent panels, openings are provided for the passage of waterproof fasteners. According to one embodiment, the ridged and grooved surfaces of the sides of the frames have a number of grooves and grooves of between three and ten. According to an advantageous embodiment, the grooves and grooves of the frames have a quadrangular section, square or rectangular. Preferably, the ridges and grooves have a height of the order of 3 mm and a width of the order of 2 mm. On the other hand, the bottom of at least one groove of the plurality of grooves on each side of the frame is provided with a seal so that the seal between the panels is well ensured. The invention also relates to a building cover consisting of an assembly of solar panels (solar thermal panels and / or photovoltaic solar panels) in which openings are reserved for the meeting locations of the corners of the frames of said assembled solar panels, said cover further comprising watertight fasteners for installing the panels on a supporting structure. Advantageously, these devices comprise an axial implantation rod passing through said openings and clamping means 30 ensuring both, on the one hand, the sealing of said openings and the tightening of the frames, and on the other hand fixing them on the elements of the supporting structure. The invention also relates to a method of installing solar panels (solar thermal panels and / or photovoltaic solar panels) on a building roof, in which the adjoining sides of the frames of the adjacent solar panels are superposed, so that that the ridges and grooves of said frames interpenetrate one into the other thus realizing a mechanical connection of said panels and a sealed junction thereof, the rigidity of this assembly being provided by sealing screws 10 passing through the superimposed sides of frames. According to this method, openings are made at the meeting points of the corners of the frames of said solar panels and fastening devices are inserted in said openings comprising an axial implantation rod passing through said openings and pinch means 15 ensuring both, on the one hand, the sealing of said openings and the tightening of the frames, and, secondly, the attachment thereof to the elements of a supporting structure. 5. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a panel photovoltaic solar system according to the invention, provided with a frame made according to a preferred embodiment. Figure 2a is a partial and enlarged perspective view of one of the corners of this frame. Figure 2b is a partial and enlarged bottom view of the opposite corner of said frame. Figure 3a is a top view of a panel with the upper surfaces of the sides of the frame striated and grooved. Figure 3b is a top view of a panel whose upper surfaces of the sides of the frame are not streaked or grooved. Figure 4 is a partial top view of two panels assembled through two superimposed sides of the frame. Figure 5 is a side view illustrating the inclined sides of the frame. Figure 6 is a sectional view of one side of the frame of the photovoltaic panel. Figure 7 is a sectional view of two overlapping frame sides 10. Figure 8 is a perspective view of a cover portion consisting of four photovoltaic solar panels. Figure 9 is a side view of a photovoltaic panel mounted on elements of a load-bearing structure installed on a roof. Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a device for fastening the panels to a supporting structure. 6. DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Reference is made to the said drawings to describe an interesting, albeit by no means limiting example, of producing solar panels comprising a tight junction box and implementing the method according to the invention. . It is emphasized again that the invention applies to both types of solar panels, namely: solar thermal panels called solar thermal collectors or simply solar collectors, and photovoltaic solar panels still called photovoltaic modules. In the following description, by way of example, the application of the invention to photovoltaic solar panels is described. On the other hand, it is specified that, in the following in the description and in the claims, the term "superior" designates the face of the sides of the outwardly facing frame of the building on which the panels are -7 intended to be installed, while the word "inferior" designates the face of the sides of the frame facing the interior of said building.

Figure 1 illustrates a photovoltaic solar panel 1.

This photovoltaic panel 1 has a quadrangular shape, square or rectangular known per se, and it is provided with a peripheral frame 2 junction shapes and dimensions adapted to those of the panel 1 around which it is mounted. Each of the four sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of the frame 2 comprises two opposite faces, ie an upper face 5 and a lower face 6.

Preferably, as can be seen in FIGS. 1, 2a, 2b, grooves 3 and longitudinal grooves 4 are provided in the upper faces 5 of two perpendicular sides of the frame 2, for example 2A and 2A, and in the lower faces 6 of the two other perpendicular sides 2C and 2D of said frame 2

As illustrated in FIG. 4, each face 5 or 6 of the peripheral frame 2 thus comprises a plurality of grooves 3 and grooves 4, so that when panels 1 are assembled on a roof T, the grooves 3 and grooves 4 of the upper face 5 of the sides 2A and 2B of the frame 2 of a panel 1, interpenetrate with the grooves 3 and grooves 4 of the lower face 6 of the sides 2C and 2D underlying the frame 2 of the adjacent panels, thereby constituting so many barriers to runoff or runoff of rainwater or water traps.

In another embodiment of the invention, illustrated in FIGS. 3a and 3b, two types of photovoltaic solar panels 1A, 1B can be provided, namely, a first type of solar panel 1A equipped with a frame 2 'of which the upper faces 5 of the four sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, are provided with a plurality of grooves 3 and grooves 4, while a second type of panel 1B has grooves 3 and grooves 4 on each of the lower faces. 6 of each of the sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of a frame 2 "This configuration allows the assembly of the frame 2 ', a panel 1A of the first type with the frame 2" of at least a panel 1B of the second type.

Of course, each panel 1A, 1B of one of the aforementioned types can be assembled to two or three or four solar panels 1B, 1A adjacent to the other other type.

According to another possible embodiment, the opposite faces 5, 6 of each side 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of the frame 2 are provided with a plurality of grooves 3 and longitudinal grooves 4 shaped to allow its assembly with a side 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D identical to an adjoining frame 2.

As illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 7, the frame 2 makes it possible to ensure a mechanical connection between the photovoltaic solar panels 1, a seal between the latter, and simultaneously to prevent the infiltration of water between the assembled panels 1.

According to an important characteristic arrangement illustrated in FIG. 5, two opposite sides 2A, 2C or 2B, 2D of the frame 2, have an inclination with respect to the surface of the photovoltaic solar panel 1. More precisely, for example, a first side 2A has an inclination of the order of + 5 ° with respect to the surface of the photovoltaic solar panel 1, while the opposite side, for example 2C, is inclined at -5 ° with respect to the surface of the panel 1. However, only one side 2A or 2B or 2C or 2D or more sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of the frame 2 can be inclined with respect to the surface of said panel 1.

The angle of inclination can vary and be between - 15 ° minimum and + 15 ° maximum. This arrangement makes it possible to facilitate the self-cleaning phenomenon of photovoltaic panels 1 recommended by the regulations in force and thus to favor the flow of rainwater on the surface of the panels 1.

According to another characteristic arrangement, each side 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of the frame 2 has a length identical to the length of the sides of the photovoltaic solar panel 1 themselves on which they are fixed. The frames 2 thus have four re-entrant angles 7, as illustrated in FIGS. 2a and 2b. When joining, for example, four solar panels 1, the reentrant angles 7 of each vertex of a panel 1 form an opening 8 (see Figure 8) intended to allow the passage of fasteners 9 described below.

The frame 2 may consist of a metallic, composite or plastic material.

Advantageously, the sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of the frame 2 may have a width of between 40 mm and 100 mm. The grooved and grooved surfaces 5, 6 of the sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D comprise, for example, a number of grooves 3 and grooves 4 of between three and ten. Of course, the number of

10 grooves 3 and grooves 4 may vary depending on the width of the sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of the frame 2.

These grooves 3 and grooves 4 illustrated in Figure 6 have, for example, a square or rectangular section. They could also have a triangular, trapezoidal or other profile.

Furthermore, they may have a height of the order of 3 mm and a width of the order of 2 mm.

Advantageously, a seal 10 is housed in the bottom 11 of at least one groove 4 of the sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of the frame 2. However, a seal 10 could be disposed in the bottom 11 of

Each groove 4, or in the bottom of some grooves only. Preferably, and as can be seen for example in Figures 6 and 7, showing a side 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of the frame 2 having three grooves 3 and three grooves 4, a seal 10 EPDM type (Ethylene -Propylene-Diene Monomer) is housed in the bottom 11 of the extreme grooves 4 disposed on either side of the

The central groove 4 having no seal 10. These seals 10 which are compressed by the grooves 3 of the sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of the frame 2 of a first panel 1, engaged in the grooves 4 sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of the frame 2 of a second panel 1 adjacent, have the function of achieving a double seal. The rigid assembly of the photovoltaic solar panels 1 between them is obtained by means of screws 14 passing through the sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D superimposed on the frames 2 of the adjacent panels 1. These screws 14 being distributed along said sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, according to the advantageous example illustrated in FIG. 10, pass through the grooves 4 without joints 10. The invention also relates to a building cover consisting of an assembly of photovoltaic solar panels 1 and / or solar thermal panels provided with a peripheral frame 2 sealing junction, having the characteristic arrangements described above. According to the example illustrated more particularly in FIGS. 8 or 9, this cover may be flat or inclined. It may be installed on a supporting structure or on supporting elements equipping a roof T plane or inclined, using fastening devices 9 waterproof described below or fastening means known per se. According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the support structure comprises: weights 12 arranged, at the desired locations, on the roof T; metal posts 13 implanted via their base 20 in these weights 12. These posts 13 may have different dimensions for tilting the photovoltaic panels 1, depending on the region in which the building is located and the degree of sunshine from this region, in order to improve the yield. waterproof fastening devices 9 for fixing the frames 2 on the top of said posts 13. According to one embodiment, the sealed fastening device 9 illustrated in Figure 10, mainly comprises an axial implantation rod 15 passing through the openings 8 provided for their passage to the locations of the meeting points of the angles 7 of the frames 2 of the panels 1, and the clamping means 25 in its intermediate portion 18, for clamping the frame 2 of the panels 1. More specifically, the axial shank 15 of these attachment devices 9, is provided with threads 16 and 17 in its upper and lower parts. It also includes, in its intermediate portion 18, a base 19 to support the frames 2 of the panels 1.

On the other hand, a washer 22 is disposed around the upper portion 16 of the axial rod 15 with axial movement ability. This washer 22 is intended to be applied against the upper face 5 of the frames 2 superimposed panels 1 joined. A nut 23 screwing on the threaded upper portion 16 allows the locking and clamping of the device 9 on said frames 2 superimposed, and the attachment thereof on the elements of the carrier structure. The device 9 further comprises seals 20 and 21 disposed around the intermediate portion 18 of the rod 15. These seals 20, 21 being interposed respectively between, on the one hand, the base 19 and the frames 2 superimposed and, on the other hand, between the washer 22 and said superposed frames 2. This implantation rod 15 comprises, in particular in its upper part 16, a flat 24 intended to allow adjustment and position of the panels 1 without disassembling the assembly. However, various fastening devices 9 may be used to seal the solar panels 1 on a supporting structure. The panels 1 may have large dimensions and thus cover large areas, for example, by means of four photovoltaic solar panels 1 only, which reduces the exposure time and the manpower assigned to this installation.

The invention also relates to a method for installing solar panels 1 provided with a peripheral junction and sealing frame 2 having the above-mentioned characteristics. According to the method of the invention, the sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D contiguous to the frames 2 of the panels 1 are superimposed so that the ridges 3 and 30 grooves 4 of said frames 2 interpenetrate one into the other, thereby making a mechanical connection of said panels 1 and a sealed junction thereof. The rigidity of this assembly is provided by waterproof fastening screws 14 passing through the sides 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D superimposed on the frames 2 of each panel 1 and screwing into a structure

Carrier, for example on posts 13.

According to this method, openings 8 are housed at the meeting points of the angles 7 of the frames 2 of said photovoltaic panels 1 and inserted in said openings 8 fasteners 9 having an axial implantation rod 15 passing through said openings 8 and means

10 gripping 25 ensuring both, on the one hand, the sealing of said openings 8 and the tightening of the frames 2, and secondly, the attachment thereof to the elements of the carrier structure 12-13 .

Claims (14)

REVENDICATIONS1. Solar panels (1) (solar thermal panels and photovoltaic solar panels) for covering roofs (T) of buildings, characterized in that they are provided with a frame (2) each side (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D ) comprises, on at least one of the upper (5) or lower (6) faces, a plurality of ridges (3) and longitudinal grooves (4) shaped to allow its assembly with a side (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) identical, inversely oriented, of the frame (2) of at least one panel (1) similar adjoining, by superposition of said sides (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) and interpenetration streaks (3) and grooves (4). ) of these sides (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) superimposed, so as to achieve a junction and a mechanical connection of said panels (1), while simultaneously ensuring a seal between them. Solar panels (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that grooves (3) and longitudinal grooves (4) are provided in the upper faces (5) of two mutually perpendicular sides (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D). of the frame (2) and in the lower faces (6) of the other two sides (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) of said frame (2). 3. Solar panels (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that they comprise a first type of solar panel (1A) equipped with a frame (2 ') whose upper faces on each side (2A, 2B, 2C , 2D) are provided with grooves (3) and grooves (4) longitudinal, and a second type of solar panel (1B) equipped with a frame (2 ") whose lower faces (6) on each side (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) are provided with grooves (3) and grooves (4), so that a panel (1A) or (1B) of one of these types can be assembled with at least one panel (1B) or (1A), or with two or three or four panels (1B) or (1A) of the other type. 4. Solar panels (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one side (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) of the frame (2) has an inclination of the order of + 5 ° with respect to the surface of the solar panel (1) and / or in that at least one side (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) of the frame (2) 5 of said panel (1) has a inclination of - 5 ° to the surface of the solar panel (1) so that, in use, the phenomenon of self-cleaning and flow is accentuated. 5. Solar panels (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sides (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) of the frames (2) of the panels (1) have a width between 40 mm and 100 mm. 6. Solar panels (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the sides (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) of the frame (2) have a length identical to the length of the sides (2A, 2B, 2C , 2D) of the solar panel (1), to which they are attached, so that said frame (2) has four re-entrant angles (7) and that at the junction of several adjacent panels (1), openings ( 8) are provided for the passage of sealed fastening devices (9). 20 Solar panels (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the grooved and grooved surfaces of the sides (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) of the frames (2) comprise a number of striations (3 ) and grooves (4) of between three and ten. 8. solar panels (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the grooves (3) and grooves (4) of the frames (2) have a quadrangular section, square or rectangular. 2964398 - 15 - 9. solar panels (1) according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the ridges (3) and the grooves (4) have a height of about 3 mm and a width of the order of 2 mm. 5 10. Solar panels (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the bottom (11) of at least one groove (4) of the plurality of grooves (4) which is provided on each side ( 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) of the frame (2), is provided with a seal (10) so that the seal between the panels (1) is ensured. 10 11. Building cover, characterized in that it consists of an assembly of solar panels (1) (solar thermal panels and / or photovoltaic solar panels) made according to any one of claims 1 to 10. 15 12. Roof covering consisting of a solar panel assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein openings (8) are reserved for the meeting points of the corners (7) of the frames (2). said solar panels (1) assembled, said cover (8) further comprising watertight fastening devices (9) allowing the installation of said panels (1) on a supporting structure (12-13), characterized in that these devices ( 9) comprise an axial implantation rod (15) passing through said openings (8) and pinching means (25) ensuring both, on the one hand, the sealing of said openings (8) and the tightening of the frames 25 (2), and secondly, the attachment of these on the elements of the carrier structure (12-13). 13. A method for installing solar panels (1) (solar thermal panels and / or photovoltaic solar panels) on a roof (T) of a building, characterized in that the sides (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) contiguous to the frames (2) of the adjacent solar panels (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, so that the ridges (3) and grooves (4) of said frames (2) interpenetrate one into the other thus realizing a mechanical connection of said panels (1) and a tight junction of the latter 5, the rigidity of this assembly being provided by sealing screws (14) passing through the sides (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) superimposed frames (2). 14. A method for installing solar panels (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that household openings (8) at the locations of meeting angles (7) frames (2) of said solar panels (1). ) and fastening devices (9) in said openings (8) having an axial implantation rod (15) passing through said openings (8) and gripping means (25) ensuring both on the one hand sealing said openings (8) and tightening the frames (2), and secondly attaching them to the elements of a supporting structure (12-13).