FR2911764A1 - Clothing article i.e. athletic shirt, for use during practicing sport, has part formed of external textile layer and internal isotropic non-woven textile layers, where internal layers is in contact with skin of user and laminated by gluing - Google Patents

Abstract

The article i.e. athletic shirt (1), has a part formed of an external textile layer (3) and internal isotropic non-woven textile layers (6-8), where the internal layers contact with a skin of a user. The part receives top, middle and bottom of a vertebral column of a body. The internal layers are laminated by gluing through points along the external textile layer. Each internal layer has basis weight 2.5 times lower than the basis weight of the external layer. The internal layers are made of fibers of polyester, polyamide, and polypropylene.

Description

ITEM OF CLOTHING SUITABLE TO REDUCE THE SENSATION CALLED CHILL A

STOPPING The present invention is in the field of articles of clothing capable of reducing the so-called sensation of shivering when stopped. During the practice of a physical activity the body cools down by sweating in order to evacuate the heat produced in excess. When stopped, the sweat produced on contact with the skin evaporates and the skin temperature decreases. Indeed, the transfer of heat from hot areas, here the surface of the skin, to cold areas, here the layer of air enveloping the body and then the outside, is faster in water than in air. , water being by definition a better heat conductor than air. Thus, when stationary, the sweat on the user's skin forces them to produce more heat to warm up than if their skin were dry.

In particular, the skin temperature further decreases when the cold wind infiltrates through the garment worn by the user, evaporation by natural convection is then forced, the sensation of cold sweat on the skin is exacerbated and the user frisian: this effect is called shivering when stopped. In the state of the art in order to overcome in particular this shivering effect when stationary, a waterproof-breathable membrane, in a microporous material permeable to air and waterproof to water, is laminated on the internal face of the textile outer garment with a lining and possibly one or more layers in other materials. This membrane has a windproof effect and also protects the wearer's skin from external weather. This arrangement is advantageous for clothing which must protect the user in addition to the wind, rain and / or snow during physical activity outdoors. However, during sporting activity outdoors where the user is not necessarily exposed to such weather conditions or indoors, impermeability to water is not a property necessary for the comfort of the user. In addition, the waterproof-breathable membranes, although they are permeable to air, slow down its diffusion through the garment, resulting in a slowing down of the evacuation of sweat and the persistence of the sensation of humidity in contact with the skin. Moreover, such waterproof-breathable membranes are very expensive. There is therefore a need for an intermediate garment, in line with the feeling of the user during his physical activity, inexpensive to manufacture, light, having a windproof effect and quickly wicking away sweat on contact with the skin in order to to attenuate, or even to eliminate, the so-called thrill sensation when stopped. In order to meet this need, the present application relates to an article of clothing, in particular for the practice of sport, capable of reducing the so-called sensation of shivering when stationary, composed of at least one piece formed of a textile outer layer and an inner layer intended to be in contact with the skin, characterized in that the inner layer is a nonwoven. Nonwoven is understood to mean any manufactured product, consisting of a veil, a sheet or a mat of fibers of any kind, distributed directionally or at random and whose internal cohesion is ensured by mechanical methods, and / or physical, and / or chemical, and / or by a combination of these processes, excluding paper, and products obtained by weaving, knitting, tufting, sewing-knitting incorporating binding threads or filaments, or felt. A textile outer layer is understood to mean any product composed of textile fibers, pure or as a mixture, with the exception of nonwovens. The air permeability of the piece covering the body of the wearer is lower than that of the outer textile layer due to the association of the latter with the inner nonwoven layer, thus providing a windproof effect. In addition, the applicant has surprisingly found that the rate of moisture transfer to the outside of said part is improved compared to that of the outer layer alone. One explanation for this phenomenon is that the nonwoven, by virtue of its structure, has a greater contact surface with the user's skin than that which a textile such as a knitted fabric would present, the nonwoven is then able to absorb a greater quantity. of sweat on contact with the skin and to transfer it to the outer textile layer from which it evaporates into the atmosphere. The outer textile layer is preferably laminated to the inner nonwoven layer. The textile outer layer can be obtained by weaving or preferably by knitting, for its elasticity; it has openings of regular size. The article of clothing according to the present invention can be obtained starting from an article already made and by reporting by any means known from the state of the art (sewing, gluing, heat-welding, ultrasonic or high-pressure welding). frequency) a nonwoven panel in one or more areas of the reverse side of the outer layer of said article. It can be obtained by assembling by any means known from the state of the art (gluing, sewing, heat-welding, ultrasonic or high-frequency welding) different parts, including one or more parts according to the invention. The number and location of said pieces and / or said inner layers of nonwovens are determined so that, in operation, those areas of the body where sweating usually is significant and thereby sensitive to the chill effect on the skin. stopper are covered by said inner layer of nonwovens. In a variant, said part is intended to cover at least one area of the body chosen from the following areas: the top, the middle and the bottom of the spine, the middle of the chest, the middle of the belly, the crotch, the middle of the buttocks and the armpits.

In one variant, the inner layer is laminated by spot gluing along the outer textile layer. This method of bonding the outer layer to the inner layer preserves the air permeability of each of the two layers and their moisture transfer capabilities.

Alternatively, the nonwoven has a basis weight of less than at least 2.5 times the basis weight of the outer textile layer.

In practice, the nonwoven does not need to have a high surface density for the windproof effect to be effective, which makes it possible not to weigh down the item of clothing, to preserve the comfort of the user, ensure good thermal comfort and in particular evacuate the heat produced in excess by the body during an activity so that the user does not get too hot. The nonwoven can be obtained by any technique allowing the manufacture of a light veil, for example by the dry process: aerodynamic or carded, or by the melt process: spunbond, or meltbown, preferably having a basis weight of in the range I [40; 60] g / m2.

In one variant, the nonwoven is isotropic. In this case, during the formation of the web, the fibers are not arranged in a preferred direction, for example the machine direction, so that the random distribution of the fibers in the plane of the nonwoven provides a nonwoven having substantially the same physical properties. in all directions. Advantageously, this arrangement allows the nonwoven to absorb more moisture in any direction than a textile having an anisotropic structure allowing it to capture moisture only in a given direction. Alternatively, the nonwoven consists of polyester, polyamide or polypropylene fibers or a mixture of these fibers. Preferably, the inner nonwoven is obtained from a mixture of fibers of polyester and polypropylene or of polyester and polyamide. These synthetic fibers have a weak water absorbing power but sufficient to absorb the sweat secreted by the skin and channel it to the outer layer from which the sweat can evaporate to the outside.

In one variant, the nonwoven is obtained from bicomponent fibers, optionally having at least two sections of different shape. These fibers have several channels on their surface making it possible to convey a greater quantity of humidity by capillary action more quickly. A fiber of this type known in the state of the art is for example the CoolMax fiber marketed by Dupont de Nemours.

In a variant, the textile outer layer has a greater capacity for absorption by capillarity and for water storage than the nonwoven forming the inner layer. In order to maintain this increasing water absorption gradient from the inner layer to the outer layer, allowing the sweat secreted by the skin to be absorbed by capillary action and to move it away from the latter by conveying it to the outer textile layer, the capacity of the water absorption of the yarns or fibers forming the outer and inner layers can be modified by a chemical primer known from the state of the art giving them a hydrophilic character, which is adapted according to the structure and the basis weight of the layers interior and exterior and the titration of the yarns and fibers composing them. The term “structure” denotes any method of binding the fibers and / or the yarns, for example the outer textile layer, with equal basis weight, will not have the same absorption and storage capacity if it is a matter of a three-dimensional knit or a simple jersey. Since hydrophobic materials evaporate moisture more quickly than hydrophilic materials, the feeling of moisture on contact with the skin will be reduced. In addition, the outer textile layer being less hydrophobic and therefore more hydrophilic than the nonwoven, the sweat will be pumped by capillary action from the surface of the skin to the outer face of the outer textile layer. Alternatively, the nonwoven has an air permeability in the range [1200; 2500] I / m2 / s. The applicant noticed from the air permeability measurements of the tested outer and inner layers laminated together or separately, that the air permeability, and therefore the windproof effect of the part, was improved. more than 50% on average for nonwovens with air permeability in the range [1200; 2500] I / m2 / s. The air permeability measurement method is ISO 9237, with a pressure of 100Pa and a measuring head of 20cm2. Furthermore, it has been observed that the rate of liquid transfer from the inner face of the nonwoven in contact with the skin to the outer face of the outer textile layer is greater than 700% compared to an outer textile layer alone. Alternatively, the textile outer layer and the nonwoven are elastic, said nonwoven having an elongation at break in the machine direction and the cross direction greater than 20%. This particular arrangement allows the article of clothing, in particular for practicing a sport, to be sufficiently elastic to accompany the movements of its user, without constraint or risk of tearing the nonwoven. In a variant, the nonwoven has a thickness of less than 2 mm. This thickness makes it possible not to modify the drape of the outer textile layer and preserves the thermal comfort of the user, namely a good regulation between the heat necessary for his comfort and the evacuation of the heat produced in excess, a source in particular of sweating. In a variant, the article of clothing comprises a plurality of pieces having inner layers made of nonwovens having different properties chosen from the following properties: basis weight, air permeability, moisture absorption , according to the areas of the body covered by said parts. The adjustment of the properties of the nonwoven makes it possible to increase the windproof effect according to certain areas of the body or the evacuation of moisture in contact with the skin, for example according to the nature and / or the structure of the fibers. The present invention will be better understood on reading the description of an exemplary embodiment, cited without limitation, and illustrated in the figures appended hereto in which: - Figure 1 is a front view of a short-sleeved undershirt for playing a sport according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a rear view of the upside down short-sleeved jersey shown in Figure 1; 30 - figure 3 is a front view in section III-III of the short-sleeved jersey shown in figure 2.

The short-sleeved jersey 1, the reverse side of which 2 is visible in FIG. 1, comprises a textile outer layer 3 and on the front a first inner layer 4 and a second inner layer 5 in a nonwoven. The first inner layer 4 is of substantially circular shape and is intended when the jersey 1 is worn to cover the belly of the user. The second inner layer 5 has a triangular shape and is intended when the jersey 1 is worn to cover the chest. The jersey 1 comprises on the back in Figure 2, three inner layers 6,7,8 having a substantially parallelepipedal shape and able to cover, when the jersey 1 is worn, respectively the bottom, the middle and the top of the back of the user. The inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 cover areas where sweating is significant, felt as particularly troublesome for the user and sensitive to the shivering effect when stationary.

When practicing a sport, for example running, the body cools by evaporation of the sweat produced by the body. Once the user has stopped, the sweat lowers the skin temperature by evaporation, which cools the skin. In addition, if the wind passes through the garment worn by the user to reach the surface of the skin, the sensation of cold humidity in contact with the skin is exacerbated, resulting in a chill in this place. A person skilled in the art calls this chill on standstill or freezing phenomenon. The nonwoven inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 reduce the air permeability of the textile outer layer 3 allowing the user's skin to be insulated from the wind while absorbing the sweat secreted by the skin P for convey it to the outer textile layer from which sweat evaporates into the atmosphere. The outer layer 3 is preferably a brushed knit in a blend of polyester and polyamide fibers having a basis weight of 150 g / m2 and a thickness of 1 mm. The inner layers 4 and 5 are in a nonwoven having a basis weight of 40 g / m2 and a thickness of 0.4 mm. The inner layers 6, 7 and 8 are in a nonwoven having a basis weight of 60 g / m2 and a thickness of 0.5 mm. The nonwoven forming the inner layers 4 and 5 is lighter and less thick than the nonwoven forming the inner layers 6, 7 and 8. In fact, the back is more sensitive to the shivering effect when stationary than the belly. A greater windproof effect is thus obtained on the back than on the stomach, since the air permeability of the parts, of substantially parallelepiped shape arranged on the back, with a value of 600 I / m2 / s is greater. lower than stomach parts with an air permeability of 800 I / m2 / s.

The inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 are in a hydrophobic material, for example in a blend of 80% polyester with 20% polypropylene. Although these polymers are hydrophobic, they absorb enough moisture to move it away from the skin and allow water to evaporate quickly resulting in rapid drying of the inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 to skin contact.

In addition, the outer layer 3 has a greater absorption capacity by capillarity of water storage than the inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 so that the sweat in contact with the skin is removed by capillarity. towards the outer layer. It is possible, by chemical finishes known in the state of the art (hydrophilic treatment) to accentuate this hydrophilic gradient effect from the inner face of the inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 to the outer face. of the outer layer 3 to accelerate the transfer of sweat to the outside. The outer 3 and inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 preferably remain generally hydrophobic, that is to say with a moisture uptake rate of less than 10% in order to dry quickly. In order to maintain an increasing water absorption gradient from the inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 towards the outer layer 3, a chemical primer known from the state of the art such as a hydrophilic primer can be applied on synthetic fibers or threads (such as polyester, polyamide or polypropylene) entering into the composition of the inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 and outer 3 or directly on the parts forming said layers.

Absorbent yarns such as nylon hydrofil or fibers rapidly transporting moisture such as CoolMax fibers can also be used. The use of these chemical finishes or of these water-absorbent or water-carrying yarns or fibers is determined as a function of the binding method, of the basis weight and of the titration of the yarns or fibers forming the outer and inner layers. When making said jersey 1, the inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 are cut to the desired shape to cover the targeted areas of the body and preferably laminated by spot gluing according to the regions of the reverse side 2 of the jersey 1 to be in contact and to cover said areas of the body when worn. Point bonding is preferred since it changes very little the air permeability of the outer layer 3 and the inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 as well as their ability to transfer moisture on contact with the skin. outwards. Although the inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 of nonwoven are not visible when the jersey is worn since they are on the reverse side of the outer textile layer 3, the shape of the latter is determined so that it covers and perfectly matches the areas of the body and according to the desired aesthetic. The inner layers 4,5,6,7,8 thus improve the windproof effect of said article of clothing 1 and its transfer of moisture in contact with the skin at a lower cost when the user is not looking for a waterproof garment then comprising an expensive waterproof-breathable member.

In addition, the nonwoven can be directly in contact with the user's skin without adversely affecting its comfort, which is not the case for membranes since they are laminated to a lining. This aspect allows more freedom in the choice of the structure of the textile forming the outer layer 3. It is also possible to obtain the jersey 1 by cutting out -from a continuous complex formed of an outer textile layer laminated by spot gluing. on an inner layer in a nonwoven - five pieces: the two pieces on the front face of jersey 1 (see figure 1) and the three pieces on the back of jersey 1 (see figure 2) -. The five pieces thus cut are assembled, for example by sewing, with panels, made up of the outer textile layer, forming the rest of the jersey 1.

Depending on the application of the article of clothing, it is also possible to completely double the textile outer layer with an inner nonwoven layer.

Claims (12)

1. Article of clothing (1) in particular for practicing sports, capable of reducing the so-called sensation of shivering when stationary, composed of at least one part formed of an outer textile layer (3) and an inner layer intended to be in contact with the skin, characterized in that the inner layer (4,5,6,7,8) is a nonwoven. 2. Article of clothing (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the piece is intended to cover at least one area of the body chosen from the following areas: the top, the middle and the bottom of the spine, the middle of chest, middle of belly, crotch, middle of buttocks and armpits. 3. Article of clothing (1) according to either of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the inner layer (4,5,6,7,8) is laminated by a point bonding according to textile outer layer (3). 4. Article of clothing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the nonwoven (4,5,6,7,8) has a basis weight of less than at least 2.5 times. to the basis weight of the outer textile layer. 5. Article of clothing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the nonwoven is isotropic. 6. Article of clothing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the nonwoven (4,5,6,7,8) consists of polyester, polyamide or polypropylene fibers or in a mixture of these fibers. 25 7. Article of clothing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said nonwoven is obtained from bicomponent fibers, optionally having at least two sections of different shape. 8. Article of clothing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the textile outer layer (3) has a capacity of absorption by capillarity and of water storage greater than the nonwoven (4,5,6,7,8) forming the inner layer (4,5,6,7,8). 9. Article of clothing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the nonwoven (4,5,6,7,8) has an air permeability in the range [ 1200; 2500] I / m2 / s. 10. Article of clothing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the textile outer layer (3) and the nonwoven (4,5,6,7,8) are elastic, said nonwoven (4,5,6,7,8) having an elongation at break greater than 20% in the machine direction and the cross direction. 11. Article of clothing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the nonwoven (4,5,6,7,8) has a thickness less than 2 mm. 12. Article of clothing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it comprises parts having inner layers (4,5,6,7,8) made of nonwovens having properties. different ones chosen from the following properties: the basis weight, the air permeability, the moisture absorption depending on the areas of the body covered by said garment.