FR2880637A1 - Paving plate for mortar bed, has cyclopean aggregates truncated by split to form base part and head of apparent section lesser than maximal section, where aggregates are stuck on filet through part and head for being fit by joints in bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The plate has cyclopean aggregates that are truncated by a split below a plane XX of maximal section (SM), along the orientation of installation i.e. level or on edge installation, forming a base part and a head of an apparent section (SA1) lesser than the largest SM section of the aggregates. The aggregates are stuck on a filet through the base part and head for being fit by joints in a mortar bed.

Description

Field of the invention

  The present invention relates to a paving plate comprising rollers glued to a net-shaped web to be placed in a bed of mortar or glue with joints formed between the rollers.

  STATE OF THE ART There are paving plates of the type defined above. Such plates are composed of a net of elementary dimensions, for example in the form of a square or rectangle and preferably with modular dimensions, whose length is a multiple of the width to allow different forms of laying. The net carries pebbles which are glued to be held and allow handling, handling and finally facilitate the grouping of several scabs at a time and in a decorative pattern.

  Indeed, the technique of paving by pebbles is an old technique, similar to a mosaic work and consisting of partially driving pebbles in a bed of mortar to form a paving surface. These rollers are, in general, of dimensions chosen to obtain a regular pattern. But they can also be of any size or a combination of sizes, shapes and colors depending on the decorative patterns to achieve.

  This manual installation is a very long job especially if the pebbles are small.

  The pebbles used for this type of work have an elliptical shape, rounded and they arise either flat or on edge. The gap between the rollers is closed by a seal.

  To facilitate this work of installation by assimilation to the techniques of manufacture and installation of tiles, the technique described above has been developed consisting in setting the rollers in the factory by gluing them on a net to obtain a paving plate.

  Such plates arise more quickly in a bed of mortar or glue than traditional laying. The plate is pressed by tapping it so that the mortar rises through the net and the intervals of the pebbles. Then, we finish by making the joints. To be well hooked and withstand the shearing forces of the roller / mortar interface generated by the vibrations and stresses to which the rollers can be subjected, their sealing in a bed of mortar must be completed by a joint between the rollers to block them by a kind of crimping. This corresponds to a certain depth of embedding of the rollers in the mortar. But for reasons of gluing, this technique is difficult to achieve with pebbles of a certain size and is only suitable for small pebbles.

  It is also known, for rollers of a certain size, for example of a length of the order of 6 to 10 centimeters and a height of 3 to 5 centimeters, to split the rollers into two parts substantially. by their median plane, as shown in Figures 1A, 1B. We then obtain two halves of rollers, whose flat face is glued to the net (Figure 2). After laying in a bed of mortar and the realization of the seal corresponding generally to a depth of embedding H of the roller, necessary for its holding, one obtains the structure shown schematically in Figure 3: the apparent section SA of the roller remaining one time the joints made is very small compared to its maximum section SM, because of the large width of the joints LJ 1.

  In addition to this serious aesthetic inconvenience, the joints which border the half-rollers have a vertical section of trapezoidal or triangular shape whose base is turned upwards, so that under the effect of the vibrations and loads to which the rollers are exposed, the joints which, in the part overlapping the top of the rollers, do not work in compression, peel off and then break, which reduces the installation height of the rollers and consequently the strength of their attachment. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to develop an easy-to-install roller paving plate which makes it possible to improve their attachment while reducing the size of the joints between the rollers.

  DESCRIPTION AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION For this purpose, the invention relates to a paving plate of the type defined above characterized in that the rollers are truncated by slitting below the plane XX of maximum section following the orientation 3o of laying (Flat or on edge) forming a flat bottom, a section smaller than the largest section of the roller according to the laying direction, and these rollers are glued to the net by the flat bottom thus obtained.

  The rollers are well embedded in the mortar bed com- pleted by the joints that work naturally in compression. A paving is obtained with a mechanical strength practically equivalent to that of a traditional pavement made with non-split and hand-laid rollers and also offering an equivalent aesthetic effect to this technique thanks to the reduction thus made possible of the width. joints and the corresponding increase in the apparent section of the rollers laid.

  The rollers according to the invention can be laid in a flat or edge orientation.

  Advantageously, the plate generally has a square or rectangular shape with serrated sides, that is to say parts in relief and recessed parts, the raised parts and the recessed parts themselves corresponding to the laying dimension of one or more rollers parallel or perpendicular to this side.

  According to a characteristic, the laying plate has a square or rectangular section whose opposite sides are parallel in pairs and comprise raised and recessed portions of length substantially equal to that of a roller / or a multiple of the width. a roller and an offset between the raised and recessed portions in the perpendicular direction, equal to the width of one or more rollers.

  Thus, paving plates are obtained which can be interlocked by their junction side so as to avoid the formation of a straight and continuous junction line which would be clearly visible once the paving has been laid and the joints made.

  Contrary to this, thanks to the recess of the sides, they can nest and thus break the junction line, especially since the pebbles are natural products, they introduce a random irregularity, complementary to that of the recesses.

  The same principle of making paving slabs is possible for other basic shapes such as diamond or hexagon shapes. However, insofar as the shape of the paving plate must not appear in the form permanently laid, the simplest basic shapes depending on the laying conditions such as a square or rectangular shape corresponding for example to a double carre, are really of practical interest.

  However, although in principle the rollers are oriented in a certain direction, parallel to one side of the plate, an inclined orientation is also possible.

  Drawings The present invention will be described in more detail below with the aid of an embodiment of a paving plate shown in the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1A is a schematic sectional view of a paving wheel, - Figure 1B is a schematic sectional view of a split roller in two halves according to the known technique, - Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a paving plate made with half rollers according to FIG. 1B; FIG. 3 shows a paving made with plates according to FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a roller for a paving plate according to the invention; FIG. in section of a paving plate made with rollers according to Figure 4, to - Figure 6 shows the laying of a paving plate according to Figure 5 - Figure 7 is a plan view of the template of a example of paving plate, - Figure 8 is a top view of the paving plate made to the using the template in Figure 7.

  Description of an embodiment

  In order to describe the invention and explain it with regard to the technical state, it is necessary to examine FIG. 1A, which shows in section a paving wheel.

  The type of roller selected, preferably by calibration to correspond to a certain dimensional range, has a flat, elongated, generally elliptical shape. The roller can be placed on its bed of mortar either flat or on edge according to the technical and aesthetic choices.

  In the case of rollers which are not flat but somehow have rotational symmetry there is obviously only one positional position.

  Whatever the type of rollers, FIG. 1A shows a roller in the laying position, that is to say in the plane of section (plane of FIG. 1A) and vertical when the roller is laid.

  In this position, the largest section SM seen from above corresponds to the contour of the section of the roller G by the sectional plane perpendicular to the sheet of the drawing and passing through the axis (hereinafter referred to as plane XX).

  By convention, this maximum section SM is represented by the distance between the two verticals Y 1 Y 1 / Y 2 Y 2 passing through the ends of the roller according to Figure 1A. This presentation convention is used to show the differences between the known technique and that of the invention.

  By way of reminder, FIG. 1B shows two half-rollers G11, G12 obtained by the splitting of the roller G along the plane XX. These half-rollers of substantially identical size, hereinafter referred to simply as rollers (subsequently bearing the reference G11 / 12) are used to produce a paving plate like that of FIG. 2.

  The slitting surface is the underside of the half roller in the laying position. According to the known technique, the rollers G11 / 12 are bonded by their surface SG to a GR grid, preferably made of plastic material, in order to obtain a plate 100 of standardized dimensions, for example 30 × 30 or 40 × 40 centimeters, bringing together a certain number of of rollers G11 / 12.

  These rollers are separated by an interval schematized by convention by the distance LP left between two opposite ends in the section of the view in FIG. 2. This interval is not mathematically regular but corresponds to a size necessary for embedding the rollers in the bed of mortar or glue and meets an aesthetic appearance once the installation is complete.

  The laying is done as shown in the vertical sectional view of FIG. 3: The plate 100 is placed in a bed of mortar 200 by making the mortar go up through the intervals 101 between the rollers and complete by making the joints so as to embed the rollers G11 / 12 in the mortar to a depth H necessary for the mechanical setting of the rollers.

  For this depth of insertion H of the rollers, the seals protrude significantly on the top of rollers G11 / 12 whose apparent section SA is very small compared to their maximum section SM of the slitting surface. The width of the joints is schematized by the distance 1, 1.1 in application of the convention of representation of surfaces and distances, stated above.

  The invention described hereinafter relates to a paving roller (fi-Bure 4) and a paving plate obtained by assembling such rollers on a grid for laying by plates (FIGS. 5-8).

  According to Figure 4, the paving roller G, identical to the roller G of Figure 1A, is presented with the same convention as in Figure lA to allow a comparison. The original G-wheel, before it is split, is represented with its outline completed by a dashed line.

  This view in vertical section shows the largest section SM of the roller G in the plane passing through the axis XX perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 4.

  This maximum section, represented by the spacing of the two vertical Y 1Y 1 / Y2Y2 is parallel to the laying surface or paving to achieve. For the same roller, it is different depending on whether the supposed elliptical roller relatively flat is laid flat or is placed on edge. But the problem of the actual section and the apparent section remains the same regardless of the pose orientation.

  According to the invention, the roller G is truncated by a slit below the plane XX of this maximum section SM to have a base portion GB naturally undercut and a GP head above the plane of the most section. big SM.

  By this slit in the XOXO plane located much below the plane of maximum section SM, a cap C is detached to obtain a base surface SB, flat glued to a net of a paving plate 300.

  The truncated wheel GI according to the invention thus consists of a base surface SB sealing GS located under the plane of larger section SM and a head GP which will be the apparent part of the roller once laid.

  The realization of the plate will be described later with the aid of FIGS. 7 and 8.

  A truncated wheel GI may be a roller intended to be laid flat or on edge following the part from which the cap is removed.

  The paving plate 300 is formed of a grid GR to which are glued the rollers GI by their base surface SB leaving between the rollers GI, a gap 301 LP dimension (Figure 5).

  The plate 300 settles in a bed of mortar as shown in FIG. 6; the mortar rises through the gaps 301 of the rollers. This rise of the mortar is generally completed by joints made after laying several plates to have a depth of embedding H; the joints are formed of volumes with biconical section or diabolo, around the truncated rollers, schematically on both sides of the plane of maximum section SM. Thus, the rollers are perfectly embedded in the mortar bed; joints and rollers have a good hold. The joints have an apparent width LJ2 close to the width LP between two rollers GI so that they encroach very little on the apparent section SA1 which is practically equal to the maximum section SM.

  The manufacture of the paving plates will be described with the help of Figures 7 and 8. It is done with a template having a shape adapted to the type of truncated rollers to fix to allow a regular assembly of the plates not letting appear junction line marked by its length or width once the joints made.

  FIG. 7 shows a view from above of a template 400 for the manufacture of a roll-laying plate such as that of FIG. 8. The template 400 determines the relatively precise external contour of the plate to be produced, despite the rounded shape and irregular rollers which therefore do not position themselves very precisely relative to each other although the rollers are calibrated to have dimensions neighborly both in length and thickness. Depending on the orientation chosen (for example the vertical orientation in FIG. 8) for producing a square-section paving plate 500, for example 30 x 30 or 40 x 40 cm, a template according to FIG. 7 is used. This jig has an irregular contour formed of recesses with complementary portions in relief and recessed 401, 402, 403, 404. On two parallel sides, the recessed portions or those in relief 401, 402 have a length A corresponding here to the average length a truncated pebble. The raised portions A are separated by recessed portions substantially offset by the thickness or width of a truncated roller with reference to Fig. 8. The recessed side is strictly parallel, c that is, the protruding portions become recessed portions and vice versa. This allows interlocking plates one after the other without revealing a line of straight junction between the rollers once laid.

  The same shape is chosen for the other two sides of the plate but as these sides correspond to the direction of the width of the rollers, a protruding part or a hollow part separating two projecting parts has a length B equal to a multiple of several widths of roller, here three rollers.

  The paving plates may also have different shapes of a square or rectangular shape, for example rounded shapes, sectors of circular or elliptical discs, depending on the decorative patterns to be made. These convex rounded shapes are necessarily supplemented by complementary convex paving plates. In the case of such forms, in general as the contour of the form belongs to the decoration, there is no recess in relief or protrusion to remove the contour line which, in this case, must instead to be underlined.

  Although the pavers are preferably calibrated, they do not necessarily have the same shape or the same size on the same paving plate, always according to decorative reasons.

  The choice of shapes as well as colors and materials allow for multiple combinations of decorations.

Claims (4)

  1) Paving plate comprising rollers bonded to a net-shaped sheet to be placed in a bed of mortar or glue with joints formed between the rollers, characterized in that the rollers are truncated by slitting below the plane XX of maximum section (SM) according to the laying orientation (flat or edge) forming a flat bottom, a section smaller than the largest section of the roller according to the laying direction, and these rollers are glued on the net by the IO flat bottom thus obtained.   2) pavement plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the largest section of the truncated roller corresponds to the middle section 15 of a roller placed on edge.   3) pavement plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the largest section of the truncated roller is that of a roller oriented flat.   4) A paving plate according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a square or rectangular section whose opposite sides are parallel in pairs and have parts in relief and recessed (401-404) of length substantially equal to that of a roller / or a multiple of the width of a roller and an offset equal to the width of one or more rollers.