ES2307363B1 - PAVEMENT Slab WITH PEBBLES. - Google Patents

Abstract

Paving slab with pebbles.

Paving slab comprising pebbles glued to a grid layer to be placed in a bed of mortar or glue with joints formed between the pebbles. The pebbles are truncated by longitudinal cutting below the XX plane of maximum section (SM) according to placement orientation (in plane or song) forming a flat bottom, of a section lower than the largest section of the pebble according to the orientation of placement, and these pebbles stick on the rack at the bottom  plane thus obtained.

Description

Paving slab with pebbles.

Object of the invention

The present invention relates to a slab of paving comprising grated pebbles to be placed in a mortar or glue bed with joints Among the pebbles.

Background of the invention

There are paving slabs of the defined type previously. Such slabs are composed of a grid of elementary dimensions, for example square or rectangular and preferably with modular dimensions, whose length is a multiple of the width to allow different shapes of placement. The grid has pebbles that are glued to be subject and allow manipulations, carry and finally facilitate the grouped placement of several slabs at once and according to A decorative motif.

Indeed, the paving technique with Pebbles is an ancient technique, assimilable to a mosaic work and that consists of partially sinking pebbles in a bed of mortar to form a paving surface. These pebbles are, in general, of dimensions chosen to obtain a regular motive But they can also be of any dimension or a combination of sizes, shapes and colors according to the motives decorative to be done.

This manual placement is a very long job especially if the pebbles are small.

The pebbles used for this type of jobs have an elliptical, rounded shape and are well placed in flat or singing. The interval between the pebbles is sealed by a board.

To facilitate this job placement by assimilation to manufacturing and placement techniques of tiles, the described technique has been developed the described technique formerly which consists of factory setting the pebbles sticking them on a rack to get a slab of paving.

Such plates are placed more quickly in a mortar or glue bed than traditional placement. It sinks tile giving some taps so that the mortar rises to through the grid and the pebble intervals. TO Then it ends with the realization of the joints. For what engage well and resist the shear efforts of the pebble / mortar interface generated by vibrations and tensions to which pebbles may be subjected, their sealed in a mortar bed should be completed with a joint between the pebbles to block them for a kind of crimping. This corresponds to a certain depth of pebble insertion in the mortar. But for adhesion reasons, this technique is difficult to perform with pebbles of a certain dimension and is not appropriate more for small pebbles.

It is also known, for the pebbles of a certain dimension, for example of a length of the order of 6 to 10 centimeters and a height of 3 to 5 centimeters, the technique of split the edges into two parts, sensitively in their middle plane, as depicted in figures 1A, 1B. Are obtained then two "halves" of pebbles, whose flat face is glued on the grid (figure 2). After placement in a bed of mortar and the realization of the joint corresponding globally to an insert depth H of the pebble, necessary for its retention, the schematic structure in Figure 3 is obtained: the apparent section SA of the pebble that once replaces the joints made is very small compared to its maximum section SM, due to the important width of the joints LJ1.

In addition to this serious aesthetic inconvenience, the joints that line the pebble halves have a section vertical trapezoidal or triangular shape whose base is oriented upwards, although under the effect of vibrations and loads to which pebbles are exposed, the joints that, on the overlapping part on the top of the pebbles, no they work in compression, they take off and then they break, what which reduces the pebble insert height and, by consequently, the strength of his hitch.

Description of the invention

The present invention aims at develop an easy to place pebble paving slab and that allows you to improve your hook while reducing the dimension of the joints between the pebbles.

In this regard, the invention relates to a paving slab of the type defined above because the pebbles are truncated by longitudinal cutting by below the plane XX of maximum section according to the orientation of placement (flat or edge) forming a flat bottom, of a lower section to the largest section of the pebble according to the placement orientation, and these pebbles are stuck on the grid by the flat bottom thus obtained.

Pebbles are well embedded in the bed of mortar completed by the boards that work naturally in compression. You get a paving that offers solidity mechanical practically equivalent to that of a paving traditional made with non-split pebbles and placed by hand and which also offers an aesthetic equivalent to this technique thanks to reduce in this way made possible the width of the joints and the corresponding increase in the apparent section of the pebbles placed.

Pebbles according to the invention can be place according to a plane or edge orientation.

Advantageously, the slab has globally a square or rectangular shape with serrated sides, that is, embossed parts and hollow parts, corresponding parts in relief and hollow parts themselves to the dimension of placement of one or several parallel pebbles or perpendicularly to this side.

According to one characteristic, the laying slab It has a square or rectangular section whose opposite sides are parallel two by two and comprise embossed and hollow parts of length substantially equal to that of a pebble / or a multiple the width of a pebble and a gap between the parts in relief and hollow in the perpendicular direction, equal to the width of one or several pebbles.

Paving slabs are thus obtained. which can be interwoven on its joining side so that avoid the formation of a straight and continuous connecting line that it would be clearly visible once the paving laid and the joints made.

Contrary to this, thanks to the redoubt of the sides, these can be overlapped and thus break the line of union, considering that the boulders are products natural, introduce a random irregularity, complementary of that of the redients.

The same principle of embodiment of paving slabs is possible for other forms of bases such as rhombus or hexagon shapes. However, to the extent in which the shape of the paving slab should not appear on the definitely placed form, the simplest base forms in function of placement conditions such as a form square or rectangular that correspond for example to a double square, they really present a practical interest.

However, although in principle, pebbles are oriented in a certain direction, parallel to one of the sides of the slab, can also be considered an orientation inclined

Brief description of the drawings

The present inventions will describe continued in more detail with the help of a realization of a paving slab represented in the attached drawings in which:

- Figure 1A is a schematic sectional view of a paving pebble,

- Figure 1B is a schematic sectional view. of a split pebble in two halves according to the technique known,

- Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a paving slab made with semi-pebbles according to figure 1B,

- Figure 3 shows a paving slab made with slabs according to figure 2,

- Figure 4 is a sectional view of a pebble for a paving slab according to the invention,

- Figure 5 is a sighting in section of a slab of paving made with pebbles according to figure 4,

- Figure 6 shows the placement of a slab paving according to figure 5,

- Figure 7 is a plan view of the template of an example paving slab,

- Figure 8 is a top view of the slab of paving done with the help of the template of the figure 7.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

To describe the invention and explain it Regarding the state of the art, it is convenient to examine Figure 1A showing a paving pebble in cut.

The type of pebble selected, preferably by calibration to correspond to a certain range dimensional, it has a flat, elongated, globally elliptical shape. The pebble can be placed on its mortar bed, either in flat or singing according to technical choices and aesthetic

In the case of pebbles that are not very flat but that somehow have a rotation symmetry, there is only obviously only one position.

Whatever the type of pebbles, Figure 1A shows a pebble in position of placement, that is, in the cutting plane (plane of figure 1A) and vertical when the Pebble is placed.

In this position, the largest SM section in view upper corresponds to the contour of the pebble cut G by the cutting plane perpendicular to the drawing sheet and passing through the XX axis (referred to below as XX plane).

By convention, this maximum section SM is represented by the distance between the two verticals Y1Y1 / Y2Y2 passing through the ends of the pebble according to figure 1A. This presentation convention is used to show the differences between the known technique and that of the invention.

As a souvenir, Figure 1B shows two G11, G12 semi-pebbles obtained by cutting length of pebble G according to plane XX. These semi-pebbles of substantially identical dimension, named below simply pebble, (which lead to then reference G11 / 12) is used to perform a paving slab like the one in figure 2.

The longitudinal cutting surface is the part bottom of the semi-pebble in position of placement. According to the known technique, the pebbles are glued G11 / 12 for its surface SG to a grid GR, preferably of plastic material, to obtain a slab 100 of dimensions normalized, for example 30 x 30 or 40 x 40 centimeters grouping a certain number of pebbles G11 / 12.

These pebbles are separated by an interval  schematized by convention for the distance LP left between two facing ends in the view cut in figure 2. This interval is not mathematically regular but corresponds to a necessary size for the insertion of the pebbles in the bed of glue mortar and responds to an aesthetic appearance once finished the placement

The placement is done as depicted in the vertical section view of figure 3:

Plaque 100 is placed in a mortar bed 200 by raising the mortar at intervals 101 between pebbles and ends up making the joints for in this way embed the pebbles G11 / 12 in the mortar at a depth H necessary for the mechanical fixation of pebbles.

For this depth H of sinking pebbles, the joints overflow significantly on the part top of pebbles G11 / 12 whose apparent section SA is very reduced with respect to its maximum section SM of the cutting surface longitudinal. The width of the joints is schematized by the distance LJ1 applying the representation convention of the surfaces and distances, mentioned above.

The invention described below refers to to a paving pebble (figure 4) and a slab of paving obtained the assembly of such pebbles on a grid for slab placement (figures 5-8).

According to figure 4, the paving pebble G, identical to the pebble G of Figure 1A, is presented with the same convention as in figure 1A to allow a comparison. He original G pebble, before its longitudinal cut, is represented with its outline completed by a dotted line stroke.

This vertical view shows the largest section SM of the pebble G in the plane that passes along the axis XX perpendicular to the plane of figure 4.

This maximum section, represented by the separation of the two verticals Y1Y1 / Y2Y2, is parallel to the laying or paving surface to be performed. For the same pebble, it is different depending on the pebble supposedly relatively flat elliptical be placed flat or be placed singing. But the problem of the real section and of the apparent section remains the same whatever the orientation of placement.

According to the invention, the pebble G is truncated by a longitudinal section below plane XX of this section maximum sm to have a GB base part naturally in counterpulse and a GP head above the plane of the major YE.

For this longitudinal cut in the X0X0 plane located well below the maximum section plane SM, it separates a shell C to obtain a base surface SB, flat glued on a grid of a paving slab 300.

The truncated pebble GI according to the invention is thus composes a base surface SB sealing GS located under the largest section SM and a GP head that will constitute the apparent part of the pebble once placed.

The realization of the slab will be described later with the help of figures 7 and 8.

A truncated pebble GI can be a pebble intended to be placed in plane or edge according to the part of where the shell has been removed.

The paving slab 300 is formed by a grid GR to which the pebbles GI stick by their SB base surface leaving between the pebbles GI, an interval 301 of LP dimension (figure 5).

Slab 300 is placed in a mortar bed as shown in figure 6; the mortar rises through the 301 intervals of pebbles. This rise in mortar is usually complete with joints made after the placement of various slabs to have an insert depth H; the joints are formed by volumes of biconic section or in diabolo shape, around the truncated pebbles, schematically on both sides of the plane of maximum section YE. In this way, the pebbles are perfectly embedded in the mortar bed; the boards and pebbles have a good behavior. The joints have an apparent width LJ2 close to LP width between two GI pebbles so that they do not invade much over the apparent section SA1 which is practically equal to the maximum section SM.

Paving manufacturing will be described with the help of figures 7 and 8. It is done with a template that It has a shape adapted to the type of truncated pebbles that must be set to allow regular assembly of slabs that do not leave appear any line of union marked by its length or width Once the meetings have been made.

Figure 7 shows a top view of a 400 template for the manufacture of a slab for laying pebbles like the one in figure 8. Template 400 determines the relatively precise outer contour of the slab to be perform, despite the rounded and irregular shape of the pebbles that for this reason are not positioned very precisely the one with respect to the others, although the pebbles are calibrated to have close dimensions both in length and in thickness According to the chosen orientation (for example the orientation "vertical" in figure 8) to make a slab of 500 square section paving for example 30 x 30 or 40 x 40 centimeters, a template is used according to figure 7. This template has an irregular contour formed by downsides with Complementary parts in relief and recesses 401, 402, 403, 404. On two parallel sides, the hollow parts or the embossed parts 401, 402 have a length A corresponding here to the length half of a truncated pebble. Embossed parts A are separated by hollow parts, substantially decayed from the thickness or the width of a truncated pebble if reference is made to the figure 8. The opposing side is strictly parallel, that is, that the protruding parts become hollow parts and vice versa. This allows a fitting of the slabs one after others without letting any straight junction line appear between the Pebbles once placed.

The same shape is chosen for both other sides of the slab but as these sides correspond to the sense of width of pebbles, a protruding part or a hollow part that separates two protruding parts has a length B equal to one multiple of different pebble widths, here three pebbles.

Paving slabs can also have different shapes of a square or rectangular shape, for example round shapes, sectors of circular or elliptical discs, depending on the decorative motifs that must be made. These forms rounded convex are necessarily completed with slabs of convex paving, complementary. In the case of such forms, in general as the contour of the form belongs to the embellishment, there is no embossed or cantilever to make disappear the contour line that, in this case, must by the Otherwise be marked.

Although the pavers are preferably calibrated, they do not necessarily have the same or the same shape size on the same paving slab, always depending on decorative reasons

The choice of forms as well as colors and materials allows multiple combinations of ornament.

Claims (4)

1. Paving slab comprising pebbles glued to a grid-shaped layer to be placed on a mortar or glue bed with joints formed between shingle, characterized because the pebbles are truncated by cutting longitudinal below plane XX of maximum section (SM) according to placement orientation (flat or edge) forming a flat bottom, from a section lower than the largest section of the pebble, and these pebbles are stuck on the rack by the flat bottom thus obtained. 2. Paving slab according to claim one, characterized because the largest section of the truncated pebble corresponds to the medium section of a pebble placed from singing. 3. Paving slab according to claim one, characterized because the largest section of the truncated pebble is that of a flat oriented pebble. 4. Paving slab according to claim one, characterized because It has a square or rectangular section whose opposite sides are parallel two by two and comprise parts in relief and hollow (401-404) in length substantially equal to that of a pebble / or a multiple of the width of a pebble and a offset equal to the width of one or several shingle.