FR2868683A1 - 3D TEXTILES WITH EMERGING HAIR; MAINTENANCE AND / OR CLEANING TOOLS; MANUFACTURING - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the present invention is: - a three-dimensional textile, with emergent bristles, - a maintenance and / or cleaning tool, consisting of or comprising in its composite structure, such a textile, and- the manufacture of said textile and maintenance tool and / or cleaning.These textile in three dimensions, comprises a basic structure that has two substantially parallel main faces and, on at least a portion of the surface of at least one of said two faces, emergent hairs having one (two) free end (s). It is characterized in that at least a fraction of said emerging hairs: is mechanically bonded to said basic structure; and comprises, in at least their free end (one of their free ends or their free ends), a maintenance coating and / or cleaning, identical or not for all said hairs of said fraction.

Description

The present invention relates to:

  a three-dimensional textile, with emergent bristles, a maintenance and / or cleaning tool, consisting of or comprising in its composite structure, such a textile, and the manufacture of said textile and maintenance tool and / or of cleaning.

  According to the prior art, in this context of maintenance and / or cleaning, there have been proposed many products, textile or not, more or less optimized in terms of their product characteristics and / or their manufacturing process. Flat products, two-dimensional, and non-flat products, in three-dimensional so-called 3D products, have been proposed.

  Flat textiles, especially of the fabric, knit or non-woven type, are proposed as modified or modified, for example coated with a scouring and / or abrasive coating. Thus, it has been described in the patent application FR-A-2 728 283 a textile with functional coating loaded, for example with a scouring and / or abrasive coating.

  3D products are also available in numerous variants.

  Some of them do not really base their cleaning action on the action of bristles: US-A-6 210 506 discloses an abrasive structure which contains loops made of a hard material, the application WO-A-02 / 14018 a multilayer structure with an abrasive layer consisting of reliefs; on the conventional action of bristles: the cleaning article described in application DE-A-19510676 develops a stronger action by "its rear face" which has bumps because it is traversed by bristles forming loops .

  We also know the brushes. They are rigid tools which, because of the rigidity of their support for the implantation of the bristles (non-textile support), do not fit well with the shape of the non-planar surfaces and are therefore not very efficient for the maintenance and / or cleaning such surfaces. Such brushes, with bristles coated with an abrasive coating, are described in WO-A-02/032254.

  Textiles, soft, with emerging hairs, have also been described. We can again refer to the cleaning articles according to the application DE-A-19510676, considering more particularly "their front face", soft action. Abrasive textiles can also be referred to in DE-A-19956652. Said textiles include two types of emerging hairs: hard bristles, abrasives and other types of bristles, with softer action, grouped in clumps. We can also mention Tissavel velvet fabrics here.

  However, cleaning products based on emerging pile textiles are not widely available commercially. It is very difficult to optimize the cleaning action of the hair in question. Very often, the hard hair does not scrub enough and the soft hair adheres too much to the surface to be cleaned ...

  Finally, there is another category of textiles with emerging hairs, said hairs having been reported on the surface of said textiles by flocking (with gluing) and said hairs being covered, at least at their free end, with an optionally loaded binder. Textiles of this type have been described in GB-B-1 539 477 and the application WO-A02 / 06009. Such textiles are relatively difficult to manufacture (glue intervention and implementation of a flocking), are inevitably somewhat rigid due to the intervention of glue for fixing the bristles and have a certain fragility to use . Moreover, they can only be made with hairs of a certain title.

  According to the prior art, in other contexts than that of maintenance and / or cleaning, three-dimensional technical textiles have been developed, particularly in the fields of sound insulation, automotive equipment, clothing (velvet, synthetic fur), floor covering (carpets), geotextiles, rollers to paint ... Some of said textiles have emerging hairs mechanically linked to their basic structure. They can in particular be obtained by cross section of a composite containing two tissues interconnected by connecting son.

  Other types of 3D technical textiles exist. This is tufted textiles. Such tufted textiles result from the implantation of bristles in a flexible base support, for example a nonwoven. The bristles in question are bristles added, interwoven in said support. Said tufted textiles are particularly suitable as floor coverings, carpets or carpets.

  According to the invention, the inventors have developed three-dimensional textiles with emergent bristles of a new type, suitable for use in the field of maintenance and / or cleaning. They were inspired by the technology of three-dimensional technical textiles developed in other contexts than that of maintenance and / or cleaning and offers, in the context of maintenance and / or cleaning, a high-performance product, which can especially be analyzed as an improvement to the products described in GB-B-1 539 477 and WO-A02 / 06009.

  Each of the products of the invention is efficient per se but it must also be emphasized that the concept of the invention is likely to decline in many variants.

  The textiles of the invention are three-dimensional textiles, comprising a basic structure which has two substantially parallel main faces and, on at least a part of the surface (on all or only part of said surface) of at least 1 one of said two faces (of one of said two faces or of said two faces), emerging hairs having one (two) free ends. Said emerging hairs (all of the same nature and / or same length or at least two natures and / or different lengths) have a free end or two free ends, especially if they intervene in the form of U (their two free ends on the same face) or on both sides of the basic structure.

  Typically, in the 3D textile structure of the invention, at least a fraction of said emerging hairs: is mechanically bonded to said basic structure; and comprises, in at least their free end (one of their free ends or their free ends), a maintenance coating and / or cleaning, identical or not for all said hairs of said fraction.

  Said hairs of said fraction are termed functionalized emergent bristles mechanically bonded to said basic structure.

  Said hairs of said fraction are not added bristles chemically bonded to said basic structure (are not flocked hairs). It is hairs mechanically linked to said basic structure. The mechanical bonding in question is a conventional textile-type interleaving 2868683. It may in particular result from the implementation of techniques chosen from needling, tufting, sewing, the formation of knots, crosses, meshes (thrown, picked, hook) ...

  Said hairs have been modified, have been functionalized by a coating which they carry in at least their free end when they have a single free end (one of their free ends or their free ends, when they have two free ends ). Said functional coating, which confers particular properties on the hairs on which it intervenes, intervenes at their free end (s) only or over a more or less consistent length from their end (s). free (s) even over their entire length.

  Said coating is functional with reference to the desired maintenance and / or cleaning action.

  The intervening coating is of the same or different nature for the emerging hair fraction (this is further developed in the present text).

  According to a preferred variant of the invention, the bifaces 3D textiles (their basic structure comprising two main faces) have emerging hairs on only one of their two main faces, on all or part of one of their two main faces. In the context of this preferred embodiment, said 3D textiles advantageously have emerging hairs on all of one of their two main faces.

  According to another preferred variant of the invention, to be considered independently or advantageously in combination with the previous one, all the emergent hairs in question are functionalized emergent hairs (with coating), mechanically linked to the basic structure.

  The mechanical bonding, functionalized emergent bristles, to the basic structure may have been implemented according to different modes.

  Advantageously, the 3D textiles of the invention are presented according to "one or the other" of the variants below.

  1st variant: the functionalized emergent bristles mechanically bonded to the base structure are, at least part of them, all of them, advantageously, structurally integral with said basic structure. Said bristles are an integral part of said basic structure.

  2nd variant: the functionalized emergent bristles mechanically bonded to the basic structure consist, at least a part of them, advantageously all, in added hairs. Said bristles are bristles reported, mechanically secured to the base structure. Their attachment to said basic structure is not a chemical bond, it does not involve glue.

  It is now proposed to provide some details on the bristles and coatings that may be associated to constitute, within the structure of the 3D textiles of the invention, modified bristles, functionalized bristles, active hairs able to exert an action. maintenance and / or cleaning.

  Beforehand, it may be indicated that the hairs in question generally have a length of between 1 and 60 mm, advantageously between 1 and 10 mm (the bristles made of a hard material are those that are likely to be present in the most consistent lengths. The bristles are capable of having all the same length or of intervening at least two different lengths, According to an advantageous variant, they intervene on at least two areas of the surface of a main face at different lengths; length of said hairs, in each of said zones, being substantially the same: it is thus possible to generate, on the surface, reliefs or patterns.) and that their intrinsic nature is more or less related to that of the yarns and / or filaments constituting the structure basic 3D textile in which they intervene.

  In the hypothesis of structurally solid bristles of the basic structure, said bristles are generally of the same nature as said (or some of said) son and / or filaments constituting said basic structure. In the hypothesis of reported bristles, it can more easily (from the point of view of manufacture) be hairs of different nature. In any case, the functionalized emergent hairs are mechanically linked to said basic structure and "compatible" with it.

  In no way limiting, we can indicate here that within the structure of the 3D textiles of the invention, the emergent hair, functionalized, mechanically bonded to the basic structure, consist in particular of polyamide bristles, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, glass, metal, aramid and / or basalt. It is recalled that said bristles may be of the same nature or of different natures (hence the and / or above). Advantageously, they are of the same nature. Advantageously, it is polyamide bristles. Said hairs may also consist of acrylic bristles (whose constituent macromolecular chains are mainly based on monomeric units composed of acrylonitrile).

  The bristles in question may consist entirely of microfiber yarns or be grouped into clusters of microfibres.

  In the context of variants of the invention, it is possible to design at least bifunctional textiles with two types of functionalized emerging hairs, of different natures.

  With regard to the maintenance and / or cleaning coating which covers at least the free end of emerging hairs at a free end (at least one of the free ends or at least the two free ends of emerging hairs at two free ends), it can also be of a unique nature with reference to all the hair concerned or at least two natures with reference to all the said hair concerned. It is conceivable that the 3D textiles of the invention are thus likely to exist in multiple variants: at least a fraction of their emerging hairs, on at least a portion of the surface of at least one of their two faces, being of the same nature or of at least two different natures, coated, in at least their free end (s) with a coating of the same nature or at least two different natures. We have in particular two-sided products with more or less different actions on both sides, single-sided products with at least two different areas but also of course two-sided and single-sided products with homogeneous actions (same type of hair, same type of coating ). We have also seen that the parameter hair length is also likely to be declined.

  To return more specifically to the nature of said coating capable of modifying the action of the hair per se (modification of nature and / or intensity), said coating may especially be chosen from coatings (co) polymer (s) ( polymer, mixture of two or more polymers, copolymer, mixture of two or more copolymers, mixture of at least one polymer and at least one thermoplastic copolymer (s), latex coatings, thermoset resins coatings and metal coatings.

  The nature of said coating is obviously chosen according to the desired action. With reference to said action, the coating can be loaded or not. If charged, the charges can be distributed in its mass and / or on its surface. They are generally advantageously in its mass and on its surface. The charges in question may be of different types: scouring and / or abrasive fillers, biocidal charges, charges capable of delivering perfumes ...

  Thus, if the action sought is a scouring and / or abrasive action, a coating may be used to temper the intrinsic scouring and / or abrasive action of the hair in question or, on the contrary, involve a coating to enhance the scouring action. and / or abrasive intrinsic hairs involved or to confer such action to said hair in question. In this last hypothesis - enhancement of the action or creation of said action the coating is likely to be loaded or not. Advantageously, it is loaded with scouring and / or abrasive fillers, in its mass and / or only on its surface. Advantageously, it encloses said charges in its mass and on its surface. They are thus likely to develop their action longer, during the life of the product.

  Thus, if the desired action is a sticky action vis-à-vis the dust, it can involve a sticky coating ...

  Thus, it can involve a coating capable of improving the slippability of the bristles.

  The coated bristles, as described above, may be used in 3D textiles of the invention of different kinds. Said 3D textiles may especially consist of nonwovens, woven fabrics, knits or composite products, for example of the tufted product type. It is advantageously knitted or tufted products.

  The textiles of the invention, as described above, are able to constitute in themselves powerful maintenance and / or cleaning tools or to enter the composite structure of maintenance tools and / or cleaning, composite structure. Such maintenance and / or cleaning tools, monocomponents (consisting of such a textile) or composite structure (including at least one such textile) is the second object of the present invention.

  In the context of a composite structure, one advantageously solidarises at least one 3D textile of the invention to a substrate.

  Said substrate may in particular be chosen from synthetic sponges, in particular polyurethane (PU), cellulosic sponges and textiles (different from those of the invention). Said substrate can thus be sandwiched between two 3D textiles of the invention, secured to its two main faces; said substrate is generally secured to a single 3D textile of the invention, on one of its main faces. According to an advantageous variant, the composite structure of a maintenance and / or cleaning tool of the invention comprises a 3D textile of the invention which has functionalized emergent bristles, related to its basic structure, only on one of its two main faces and within said structure, said 3D textile is secured to the substrate by its other main face which does not include such emerging hairs (said other main face has no functionalized emerging hairs, related to its basic structure, advantageously, it does not have emerging hairs, anyway).

  It now comes to the third object of the present invention, the manufacture of three-dimensional textiles described above (first object of said invention) and that of maintenance tools and / or cleaning (second object of said invention).

  The method of manufacturing said textiles comprises: - preparing a textile in three dimensions comprising a basic structure having two substantially parallel main faces and, on at least a portion of the surface of at least one of said two faces, emerging hairs with one (two) free end (s) mechanically bonded to said base structure; if necessary, a suitable treatment of said textile in three dimensions, to coat at least a fraction of said emerging hairs in at least their free end (one of their free ends or their free ends) with a coating of maintenance and / or cleaning, of identical nature or not for all said hairs of said fraction; the possible consolidation of said textile.

  2868683 9 This is a process by analogy of which each step is known perse.

  The first preparation step can be carried out according to many variants.

  The textile can be obtained directly with emerging hairs mechanically linked to the base structure, more specifically with emergent bristles structurally integral with said base structure. It can thus be obtained from yarns (fancy yarns and / or chenille yarns) that fluff. Fur-type 3D textiles can also be prepared directly.

  The preparation of said textile may include a step of modifying a precursor textile to generate said emerging hairs. It is thus possible to implement a mechanical surface treatment (for example, scraping, emerization) which cuts certain threads, it is also possible to implement a shaving of loops and / or floats, it is also possible to implement a transverse section of a 3D structure, woven or knitted, which comprises two parallel mats interconnected by hair precursors ...

  The preparation of said textile may comprise the preparation of a basic structure and the mechanical attachment thereto of bristles.

  We think more particularly of tufted products.

  For the generation of bristles at different lengths, the skilled person is particularly able to adapt one or the other of the techniques mentioned above. We can, for example, bring hairs of different lengths (tufted products), sharpen at different lengths, implement the cross section of a 3D structure on a machine with profiling rollers ... This last technique allows to obtain products with embossed profiles, especially of the "egg box" type.

  Whatever the implementation variant of the first preparation step, it can be implemented directly with microfibers or microfibers precursor son, subsequently transformed into microfibres ...

  The preparation of the textile may involve yarns coated with a suitable maintenance and / or cleaning coating. If the emergent bristles are generated from such threads, it is conceivable that the second step of the method of the invention may be superfluous.

  Said second step, to be adapted to the nature of the textile in question, can be implemented, if it is to be implemented, according to various variants. The coating can be deposited by spraying, coating, soaking, printing or under vacuum.

  It is not excluded to prepare directly, at the end of the first stage, a 3D textile with emergent bristles, mechanically linked to the basic structure, covered with a coating and modifying, during the second stage, said coating ...

  The 3D textile of the invention, obtained in one or two stages, can advantageously be consolidated, in a conventional manner, in particular by welding, sewing and / or by coating.

  Regarding the manufacture of a maintenance tool and / or cleaning, as described above, it is limited to the manufacture of 3D textile as specified above or includes an additional step of joining the textile 3D prepared to a substrate.

  In the context of this second variant, such a maintenance tool and / or cleaning is obtained by: - the manufacture of a three-dimensional textile with functionalized emerging hairs mechanically linked to the base structure of said textile (on the one of the two main faces of said basic structure); followed by - the joining of said textile to a substrate, in particular chosen from polyurethane sponges, cellulosic sponges and textiles, (by its other main face).

  The parentheses indicate an advantageous variant according to which the hairs intervene on only one face and the joining is done by the other face.

  Said solidarization can be implemented in known Persian manner, for example by gluing and / or sewing.

  It is noted here that such a step of joining contributes to the consolidation of the 3D textile in question. Thus, said 3D textile can be prepared without consolidation and secured to a substrate. It is then secured, consolidated, said substrate.

  The invention is now illustrated, in no way limiting by the following three examples.

  EXAMPLE 1 (Bristles modified for gloss) The products according to the invention are produced by preparing a three-dimensional textile knit fabric on a suitable twin Rachel machine, the shape of which is a textile having a thickness of 7 mm, with two knitted mats. polyester interconnected by "beams" of monofilaments of 20 dtex polyester, - by slitting in its middle part the three-dimensional space knit in two bristly structures bristles of filaments of 20 dtex cut to 3 mm, - by coating said sprays of a mixture of hard latex Craymul 1752 (marketed by Cray Valley) and synthetic latex Synthomer 7740 (marketed by Synthomer) in 25/75 or 50/50 or 75/25 which is dried at C. The deposit is about 100g / m2 of dry latex.

  The density of modified bristles per square centimeter is 1600.

  The products obtained with modified bristles (functionalized emergent bristles mechanically bonded to the base knit) have improved cleaning properties in terms of recovery of the gloss of previously scratched black plates (PMMA).

  A black PMMA plate is scratched by an abrasive in 200 round trips. The depth of the generated scratches is measured using a roughness tester (Perthomer). In fact, the arithmetic average roughness Ra (pm) of the set of scratch depths is determined.

  The gloss is measured by the percentage of light reflected on the black plastic surface (PMMA), according to the following protocol: - said surface is scratched with abrasive paper to obtain a gloss of 10% (instead of 100% by calibration of the brilliance of the unmarked plate); after passing the product with modified bristles according to the invention in rotation at 500 rpm on the plate for 25 seconds, the brightness increases and the increase in said brightness is noted in percentage.

  The results obtained are reproduced in Table I below.

2868683 12

Table I

  Example Example Example Example lb 1c Coating of bristles 0 25/75 50/50 75/25 soft medium hard Gloss: gain (%) 1 32 33 30 Scratches: Ra (pm) 0.32 0.40 0.18 0, 09 Modified bristles provide shine no matter how hard they are.

  The harder the coating is, the lower the depth of the scratches.

  EXAMPLE 2 (Bristles Modified for Abrasion) Products according to the invention are produced by preparing a textile of three-dimensional space approximately 15 mm thick comprising two parallel mats woven of polyester yarn at the rate of 19 warp yarns. per cm and 14 weft threads per cm in plain weave interconnected by "beams" consisting of polyamide yarns of heading 3360/8 arranged in the warp direction in two parallel rows of ten per cm, - splitting in two the three-dimensional fabric to obtain two 7-mm 420 dtex pile structures (each of said two structures has a density of 1600 filaments per square centimeter), by spraying said bristles with an abrasive coating. Said coating is a mixture of formophenolic resin and abrasive fillers of alumina (Al2O3).

  Said coating is deposited at a rate of 150 g / m 2. It is then dried and crosslinked at 170 ° C.

  The products obtained with modified bristles have improved cleaning properties, in particular quantifiable in terms of Taber abrasiveness.

  Taber abrasiveness is evaluated by measuring the mass loss (m) of aluminum rollers in contact with the rotating product. Their loss of mass (m) is measured after N = 200 and N = 500 revolutions (Taber abrasiveness is expressed in loss of mass per 1000 revolutions according to the expression K = 1000 x m / N).

  The mass loss measured with the products of the invention is incomparably higher than that measured with the unmodified hair structure.

  The results obtained are shown in Table II below. 10

Table II

Abrasiveness (m / 1,000 rpm) Witness

Example 2 K 200 K 500

  Example 3 (Modified bristles for dusting) A 2x1 twill weave acrylic velvet type textile with 26 warp yarns and 24 2.5 mm thick weft yarns has tufts of soft bristles of 2 mm. Said bristles are coated with Primat TR 904 latex spray, marketed by Rohm and Haas, at a rate of 10 g / m2. The coated latex is dried at 120 C.

  The hairs thus modified are able to retain the dust as shown by the following test. A 53 mm diameter and mass sample Mconnue is placed in the presence of 500 mg of standardized dust EN1269 (from the CTTN Dyeing and Cleaning Center). of 69131 Ecully) in a turbula or drum that is shaken for 90 seconds.

  The sample is removed from the turbula.

  The turbula is cleaned and the sample is replaced. He is shaken for 30 seconds and then weighed. The retention capacity CR is expressed relative to the surface of the sample in g / m 2.

  The product of the invention retains 29 g / m2 of dust while the unmodified hair product retains only 6 g / m2.

Claims (1)

  A three-dimensional textile comprising a basic structure having two substantially parallel main faces and, on at least a portion of the surface of at least one of said two faces, emerging hairs having one (two) end ( s) free (s), characterized in that at least a fraction of said emerging hairs: - is mechanically linked to said basic structure; and - comprises, at least their free end (one of their free ends or their free ends), a maintenance coating and / or cleaning, identical or not for all said hairs of said fraction; said hairs of said fraction being referred to as functionalized emergent bristles mechanically bonded to said basic structure.   2. Textile according to claim 1, characterized in that said bristles emerge from at least a portion of the surface of only one of said two faces.   3. Textile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that all said emergent hairs are functionalized emergent bristles mechanically bonded to said basic structure.   4. Textile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said functionalized emergent bristles mechanically bonded to said base structure are at least a portion of them, advantageously all, structurally integral with said basic structure .   5. Textile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said functionalized emergent bristles mechanically bonded to said basic structure consist, at least a portion of them, advantageously all, in bristles reported.   6. Textile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said functionalized emergent bristles mechanically bonded to said base structure are bristles of polyamide, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, glass, metal, aramid and / or basalt; advantageously made of polyamide.   7. Textile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coating (s) is (are) chosen from (co) polymer coatings (s). ) thermoplastic (s), latex coatings, thermoset resin coatings and metal coatings.   8. Textile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said coating (s) is (are) loaded, for example scouring and / or abrasive fillers, in its mass and / or only at its surface, advantageously in its mass and surface.   9. Textile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a nonwoven, a woven fabric, a knit or a composite product, for example a tufted product, advantageously a knit or tufted product.   10. Maintenance and / or cleaning tool, characterized in that it consists of or that it comprises in its composite structure, at least one textile in three dimensions according to any one of the preceding claims.   11. Maintenance and / or cleaning tool, composite structure, according to claim 10, characterized in that said composite structure comprises said at least one textile in three dimensions secured to a substrate, in particular selected from synthetic sponges, cellulosic sponges and textiles; in that said composite structure advantageously comprises such a three-dimensional textile having functionalized emergent bristles bonded to its basic structure only on one of the two main faces of said base structure and secured to said substrate by the other of its two main faces not including such emerging hairs.   12. A method of manufacturing a textile in three dimensions according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises: the preparation of a textile in three dimensions comprising a base structure having two main faces substantially parallel and, on at least a portion of the surface of at least one of said two faces, hairs emerging at one (two) end (s) free (s) mechanically linked to said base structure; if necessary, a suitable treatment of said textile in three dimensions, for coating, at least a fraction of said emerging hairs, at least their free end (one of their free ends or their free ends) with a coating maintenance and / or cleaning, of identical nature or not for all said hairs of said fraction; the possible consolidation of said textile.   13. The method of claim 12, characterized in that said preparation of said three-dimensional textile with emergent bristles mechanically bonded to said base structure: a) involves son which comprise per se emerging hairs; and / or b) includes a step of modifying a textile to generate emergent hairs; and / or c) comprises the preparation of the basic structure and then the mechanical bonding of bristles thereto.   14. The method of claim 12 or 13, characterized in that said preparation of said textile in three dimensions involves son coated with a coating of maintenance and / or adequate cleaning.   15. Method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that said suitable treatment includes at least one step of spraying, coating, dipping, printing or vacuum deposition.   16. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that said consolidation includes the implementation of a weld, a seam or a coating.   17. A method of manufacturing a maintenance tool and / or cleaning according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that it comprises: - the manufacture of a three-dimensional textile with functionalized emergent bristles mechanically linked to the basic structure of said textile (on one of the two main faces of said basic structure) according to any one of claims 12 to 15; followed by - the securing of said textile to a substrate, in particular chosen from polyurethane sponges, cellulosic sponges and textiles, (by its other main face).