RU2609190C2 - Composite sheet and method of its production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacturing technology.

SUBSTANCE: composite sheet (1) by present invention represents sheet, in which like non-woven fabric fibre unit (12) is integrated in one or both sides of cellular sheet or heat-bonded non-woven fabric, which serves as frame material (11), in state where fibres (13), forming fibres unit are woven with each other and also with frame material (11). Composite sheet (1) according to present invention is given three-dimensional uneven geometric shape so, to have multiple projections (2) and recesses (3), and fibers unit (12) forming fibres (13) are lifted from projections (2) and recesses (3) surfaces. Composite sheet (1) according to present invention has ratio of composite fibres number, which are lifted from recesses surface and have height of 1 mm or more, to composite fibres number, which are lifted from recesses surface and have height of 0.1 mm or more, of 25 % or more.

EFFECT: disclosed is composite sheet and method of its production.

18 cl, 3 tbl, 22 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a composite sheet which is shaped irregularly and in which fibers are lifted from the surfaces of protrusions and recesses, and a method for manufacturing it.

[0002] The present invention also relates to a cleaning sheet, preferably used to trap and remove hair, dust or debris on floors, shelves or walls.

State of the art

[0003] A nonwoven fabric that has raised fibers excellently picks up debris or has a pleasant texture, and is thus examined to apply the fabric to a cleaning sheet or cosmetic sheet. As a method of raising the fibers that form the non-woven fabric, there can be considered methods in which the non-woven fabric is processed using a punching needle or abrasive paper, or methods in which the hair is transplanted into the non-woven fabric using a hair transplant method.

[0004] For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a nonwoven fabric that is subjected to a fiber lifting treatment using a nap roll that is used in a fiber lifting fabric processing to break a portion of the fibers forming the sheet, thereby raising the fibers. Patent Literature 2 describes an absorbent sheet in which nonwoven fabric is formed by adhering or weaving fibers, and part of the fibers is cut from the surface of the nonwoven fabric, and part of the fibers is unwoven and lifted. Patent Literature 3 describes a nonwoven fabric in which fibers are raised using a piercing needle.

[0005] However, according to the methods described in Patent Literatures 1 and 2, lifting is carried out by breaking or cutting a portion of the composite fibers and thereby generate fibrous waste, which makes the processing machine dirty. When the resulting nonwoven fabric is used, for example, for a cleaning sheet, fibrous waste undesirably falls from the sheet. In addition, cutting the fibers provides severe damage to the nonwoven fabric or sheet. In particular, when non-woven fabric formed by weaving fibers is used, the raised non-woven fabric formed has a problem with the weaving strength. Furthermore, when the nonwoven fabric described in Patent Literature 1, the sheet described in Patent Literature 2 and the nonwoven fabric described in Patent Literature 3 are used, for example, for a cleaning sheet, it is difficult to trap debris particles.

[0006] On the other hand, this applicant has previously proposed a thick sheet in which a three-dimensional irregular geometric shape is formed from a cellular sheet and similar non-woven fabric of fiber aggregates formed by braiding fibers (see Patent Literature 3). According to the thick sheet described in Patent Literature 3, the sheet may repeat an uneven floor or crevices due to its uneven geometric shape, since it is used as a cleaning sheet of fibers in which the difference in melting temperature between the cellular sheet and the fibers is used, and It can effectively trap hair and debris such as cotton dust. This applicant has also previously proposed a cleaning sheet containing thick fibers (Patent Literature 4). The cleaning sheet described in Patent Literature 4 can remove stubborn stains.

[0007] However, recently there has been an increase in requirements for a cleaning sheet capable of, moreover, efficiently capturing hair and debris such as cotton dust, and sufficiently capturing debris particles.

[0008] Further, as a cleaning sheet, sheets are known mainly containing non-woven fabric, such as hydro-woven non-woven fabric, in which the fibers forming the non-woven fabric are lifted by means of a lifting fiber processing (shaking) (see, for example, Patent Literature 1 and 2). The fiber-lifting treatment described in Patent Literatures 1 and 2 is carried out by applying non-woven fabric to be treated to a peripheral surface of a roller that has a plurality of needles on its peripheral surface (supporting bristle roller) and rotating it. According to Patent Literatures 1 and 2, the fibers forming the nonwoven fabric are captured by needles on a roller, and the composite fibers are cut, or the composite fibers are cut and braided by a lifting fiber treatment in order to create a plurality of raised fibers, thereby obtaining an improved capture trash property using such raised fibers.

[0009] A cleaning sheet is used not only to clean a dry surface to be cleaned (or to trap dry garbage), but also can sometimes be used to clean a wet surface to be cleaned (or to trap wet trash). Therefore, the cleaning sheet must have high debris-absorbing properties to easily absorb hair and debris such as dust, and high debris-holding properties to hold debris trapped without falling, regardless of whether the surface to be cleaned or debris on the surface to be cleaned, dry or wet. The degree of dryness of the surface to be cleaned or garbage affects the trapping properties of the cleaning sheet more than slightly, and when the surface to be cleaned or garbage is wet, the trapping properties of the cleaning sheet can sometimes be reduced compared to the case in which they are dry. In addition to the high trapping properties and the trash holding properties, the cleaning sheet must have sufficient strength for practical use and have as few falling composite fibers as possible. However, cleaning sheets that meet all of these properties have not yet been provided.

[0010] Patent Literature 1: JP-2007-190254 A

Patent Literature 2: EP 0959164 A1

Patent Literature 3: US 2005/255297 A1

Patent Literature 4: US 2002/106478 A1

Disclosure of invention

[0011] The present invention accordingly provides a composite sheet capable of meeting the requirements described above.

[0012] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a cleaning sheet that exhibits high gripping and retention properties with respect to hair or debris such as dust, without any connection with the dry state of the surface to be cleaned or debris, and hardly causes compound fiber drop.

[0013] In accordance with the present invention, a composite sheet is provided that comprises a fiber-like aggregate of fibers and a cellular sheet or thermally bonded non-woven fabric as a frame material, the fiber aggregate being integrated on one or both sides of the cellular sheet or thermally bonded non-woven fabric in a state in wherein the fibers forming the aggregate of fibers are woven with each other and with the frame material. The composite sheet is given a three-dimensional uneven geometric shape so as to have a plurality of protrusions and recesses. The composite fibers of the fiber aggregate are lifted from the surfaces of the protrusions and recesses. The ratio of the number of composite fibers that are raised from the surface of the recesses and have a height of 1 mm or more, to the number of composite fibers that are raised from the surface of the recesses and have a height of 0.1 mm or more, is 25% or more.

[0014] Furthermore, in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a cleaning sheet comprising an aggregate of fibers and a base supporting an aggregate of fibers, the fibers forming the aggregate of fibers being woven together and with a base, thereby forming a state in which the aggregate of fibers as a whole, gossip with the base, while the ends of the fibers of the composite fibers having a length of 10 mm or more, which are formed by means of a lifting fiber processing, go beyond the straight line connecting the contours of one surface of the cleaning sheet n a side view of the cleaning sheet.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015]

In FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a composite sheet of the present invention.

In FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the composite sheet of FIG. one.

In FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line Y1-Y1 of FIG. one.

In FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a preferred apparatus for manufacturing the composite sheet of FIG. one.

In FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a section of a fiber-lifting treatment in the processing device shown in FIG. 4, when viewed at an angle.

In FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a section providing an irregular three-dimensional geometric processing shape in the processing device of FIG. 4, when viewed at an angle.

In FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a section providing an uneven three-dimensional geometric shape of the processing shown in FIG. 6.

In FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a cleaning tool used when the composite sheet of the present invention is used as a cleaning sheet.

In FIG. 9 (a) is a schematic view showing the step of manufacturing the starting material in another preferred composite sheet manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 1, and in FIG. 9 (b) is a schematic view showing a secondary processing step (manufacturing) in another device described above.

In FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a method for measuring the number of raised composite fibers and the lifting height of a raised fiber.

In FIG. 11 is a view showing an example in which the height of a raised composite fiber is measured using a perpendicular line mode of a digital microscope.

In FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view showing one example of a cleaning sheet of the present invention.

In FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG. 12.

In FIG. 14 is an enlarged schematic side view showing one surface (the surface that was subjected to the fiber lifting treatment) of the cleaning sheet shown in FIG. 12.

In FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a method for measuring a length of a protrusion from an aggregate of fibers for an end of a fiber.

In FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the base in the cleaning sheet shown in FIG. 12.

In FIG. 17 (a) to (b) is a plan view showing a base in another embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 18 is a plan view showing a manufacturing apparatus that can be used in the manufacture of the cleaning sheet of FIG. 12.

In FIG. 19 is an outline view showing a manufacturing device (a device for lifting fiber processing) that can be used in the manufacture of the cleaning sheet shown in FIG. 12.

The implementation of the invention

[0016] The composite sheet of the present invention is explained based on the following preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a composite sheet of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the composite sheet of FIG. 1. Composite sheet 1A of the present embodiment (hereinafter, it may also be referred to as “composite sheet 1A”) is a sheet in which fiber-like aggregates 12 are integrated on both sides 11a and 11b of a cellular sheet or thermally bonded non-woven fabric which serves as the carcass material 11, in a state in which the fibers 13 forming the aggregate of fibers are woven together with each other and also with the carcass material 11. In more detail, as shown in FIG. 1-3, the composite sheet 1A has two fiber assemblies 12, and a carcass material 11 that is interposed between the fiber aggregates 12 and which carries each fiber aggregate 12. The fibers 13 forming each fiber aggregate 12 are woven together and also weaved with the carcass material 11, thereby integrating the carcass material 11 into the fiber aggregates 12 on both sides 11a and 11b of the carcass material 11. The fiber aggregate 12 is placed on one surface 1a and another surface 1b located on the opposite side of the thus formed composite sheet 1A.

In the following explanation, it is generally determined that the direction MD along the direction of fiber orientation is the longitudinal direction X, and the direction CD, perpendicular to it, is the direction of width Y when viewed in the direction of orientation of 13 fibers forming an aggregate of 12 fibers.

[0017] In the composite sheet of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a three-dimensional irregular geometric shape is provided so that the sheet has a plurality of protrusions 2 and recesses 3. The protrusions 2 and the recesses 3 are formed in a protruding or recessed state in the direction of the thickness T. In more detail, the composite sheet 1A has a plurality of protrusions 2, 2 ..., formed by protruding from the other side of the surface 1b to the first side of the surface 1a. In the composite sheet 1A, the protrusions 2, as shown in FIG. 1 are spaced so that they form lines in the longitudinal direction X and the width direction Y of the composite sheet 1A, whereby an alternating arrangement pattern is formed. The recesses 3, 3 ... form between the protrusions 2, 2 ..., and they also form an alternating arrangement pattern. The protrusions 2 and the recesses 3 alternately meet in the longitudinal direction X, and also alternately meet in the direction of the width Y. Through this structure, the composite sheet 1A is given a three-dimensional uneven geometric shape as a whole.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 1, the protrusion 2 on the composite sheet 1A has an almost hemispherical shape and the recess 3 also has the same geometric shape as described above. When the composite sheet 1A is specifically used as a cleaning sheet, preferably the geometrical shape of the protrusion 2 and the spacing between the protrusions on one surface 1a are almost the same as those on the other surface 1b, both surfaces 1a and 1b preferably have the same properties. The protrusions 2 on one surface 1a and the recesses 3 on the other surface 1b are interconnected as the front and back sides and, likewise, the recesses 3 on one surface 1a and the protrusions 2 on the other surface 1b are preferably interconnected as the front and back sides. In addition, the protrusion 2 preferably has an inverse geometric shape relative to the geometric shape of the recess 3.

[0019] In a 10 × 10 cm square region on one surface 1a of the composite sheet 1A, preferably 50 or more protrusions 2, more preferably 100 or more protrusions 2 are formed in any region of one surface 1a and preferably 850 or fewer protrusions 2 are formed, more preferably 600 or fewer protrusions 2. In more detail, preferably from 50 to 850 protrusions, more preferably from 100 to 600 protrusions are formed in this region. When the number of protrusions 2 is adjusted to the range described above, the protrusions 2 and recesses 3 are evenly arranged and thus, when the composite sheet 1A of the present embodiment is used, for example, for a cleaning sheet, the resulting cleaning sheet can effectively capture hair and debris, such like cotton dust, and has excellent trapping properties of debris particles.

[0020] When the composite sheet 1A of the present embodiment is used, for example, for a cleaning sheet, the area of the protrusion 2 in a plan view is preferably 1 mm ² or more, more preferably 4 mm ² or more, and preferably 100 mm ² or less, more preferably 25 mm ² or less, with respect to dust-capturing properties and stable maintenance of uneven geometric shape. In more detail, the area is preferably from 1 to 100 mm ² , more preferably from 4 to 25 mm ² . The same applies to the area of the recess 3 in a plan view. For the same reasons, the interval between the protrusions 2 and 2 or the recesses 3 and 3 in the longitudinal direction X is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, and preferably 20 mm or less. In more detail, the interval is preferably from 1 to 20 mm, more preferably from 4 to 20 mm. The same applies to the interval between the protrusions 2 and 2 and the interval between the recesses 3 and 3 in the direction of the width Y.

As can be seen from the preferred method of manufacturing the composite sheet 1A described below, the geometric shape, size and location of the protrusions 2 and the recesses 3 on the composite sheet 1A can be freely designed depending on the engraved pattern on the embossing roller.

[0021] In the composite sheet of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 and 3, not only the fibers 13 forming the fiber aggregate 12 are lifted from the surface of the protrusions 2, but also the fibers 13 forming the fiber aggregate 12 are lifted from the surface of the recesses 3. In the composite sheet of the present invention, the ratio of the number of composite fibers that raise from the surfaces of the recesses 3 and have a height of 1 mm or more, to the number of composite fibers that are lifted from the surfaces of the recesses 3 and have a height of 0.1 mm or more, (the number of composite fibers that are lifted from the surfaces of the recesses 3, with a height of 1 mm or more / number with fixed fibers, which are raised from the surfaces of the recesses 3, from the surfaces of the recesses 3 and have a height of 0.1 mm or more) is 25% or more. Here, the “lifting fiber” in the present invention relates not only to a state in which the ends of the fibers protrude from the surface of the sheet and a state in which the loop-like fibers protrude from the surface of the sheet (the ends of the fibers are not visible), but also to cases in which an external force ( physical force) caused by the machine is applied to the fiber aggregate 12, for example, the fiber aggregate 12 is subjected to a lifting fiber treatment in order to lift the composite fibers so that the ratio of the number of composite fibers that lift with the surfaces of the recesses 3, with a height of 1 mm or more, to the number of composite fibers that are lifted from the surfaces of the recesses 3, with a height of 0.1 mm or more, was 25% or more, thereby forming a state in which the ends of the fibers protrude from the surface sheet or a state in which loop-like fibers protrude from the surface of the sheet. Additionally, the ratio of the number of composite fibers that are raised with a height of 1 mm or more does not have a specific upper limit, and the higher the height, the better the sheet, but when the ratio is approximately 60%, satisfactory effects can be obtained.

[0022] In the composite sheet, there are both raised fibers in a state in which their ends protrude, and loop-like fibers. Speaking in more detail about the composite sheet 1A, as shown in FIG. 3, the height of the composite fibers 13 raised from the surface of the recess 3 is greater than that of the composite fibers 13 raised from the surface of the protrusion 2. Here, “the height of the raised composite fiber 13 (the height of the raised fiber)” refers to the height from the surface of the protrusion 2 or recess 3 to the tip of the raised fiber in its natural state and does not relate to the height from the surface of the protrusion 2 or recess 3 in the state in which the raised composite fiber 13 is stretched. As described in detail in the manufacturing method, the composite sheet 1A, as described below, after ring fiber-lifting treatment is carried out before providing irregular geometric shape processing, the lifting heights of the raised fibers are equal to each other immediately after the fiber-lifting processing. As in the explanation of the method for manufacturing the composite sheet described below, the composite sheet of the present invention is subjected to a fiber lifting treatment, an irregular geometric processing is applied to it, and assembly on the rollers and production assembly is carried out, thereby placing the sheet on another sheet. At this time, the composite fibers 13 that are raised at locations on the protrusions 2 are destroyed, but retain the state for the raised fibers from the composite 13 fibers that are raised at locations in the recess 3. Thus, in the composite sheet of the present invention, the apparent height of the composite 13, the fibers raised at locations in the recesses 3 become higher in the natural state, and the sheet is formed in the state shown in FIG. 3.

[0023] When used, for example, for a cleaning sheet, the ratio of the height (h3) of the composite fiber 13, which is raised on the lower part of the recess 3, to the height (h2) of the composite fiber 13, which is raised on the upper part of the protrusion 2 (h3 / h2) preferably 1 or more, and preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, in terms of hair-capturing properties and retention properties that allow trapped debris to be held without falling. In more detail, the ratio is preferably from 1 to 3, more preferably from 1 to 2. The height (h2) of the composite fiber 13, which is raised on the protrusion 2, is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, and preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less. In more detail, the height h2 is preferably from 0.5 to 30 mm, more preferably from 1 to 20 mm. The height (h3) of the composite fiber 13, which is raised on the recess 3, is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, and preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less. In more detail, the height h3 is preferably from 0.5 to 30 mm, more preferably from 1 to 20 mm.

The number of composite 13 fibers that are raised on the projections 2 is preferably 5 or more fibers / 10 mm wide, more preferably 10 or more fibers / 10 mm wide and preferably 80 or less fibers / 10 mm wide, more preferably 50 or less fibers / 10 mm wide. In more detail, the number is preferably 5 to 80 fibers / 10 mm wide, more preferably 10 to 50 fibers / 10 mm wide. The number of composite 13 fibers that are raised in the recesses 3 is preferably 5 or more fibers / 10 mm wide, more preferably 10 or more fibers / 10 mm wide, and preferably 80 or less fibers / 10 mm wide, more preferably 50 or less fibers / 10 mm wide. In more detail, the number is preferably 5 to 80 fibers / 10 mm wide, more preferably 10 to 50 fibers / 10 mm wide.

The height and number of raised composite 13 fibers is measured according to the following measurement methods.

[0024]

<Obtaining a sample for observations>

Two somewhat larger observational samples (from about 60 to 70 mm in the CD direction and about 50 mm in the MD direction) were cut out of the composite sheet 1A so that an observation area of 50 mm width could be observed, and as shown in FIG. 10, the composite sheet 1A was folded in half so that it was divided in the MD direction and fixed on a black laminate. When the observation sample is folded in half, the sample is folded along the fold line in a position where the uneven geometric shape of the observation sample can be seen in cross-sectional view. The fold line is a line through almost the center of a plurality of protrusions and recesses. The half-folded portion to be observed is lightly rubbed 5 times with a brush (brush No. 812 for general use, manufactured by KOMERI Co., Ltd, 30 mm) in the direction from the observation sample to the black laminated cardboard in order to freely observe the raised composite fibers. Here, the brushing is carried out not in order to raise the fibers, but in order to freely observe the state of the fibers raised by lightly rubbing against them. The brushing is controlled so that the force applied to the region to be measured 93 (displacement force) is within the range of 5 to 15 gs during the movement of the brush. The displacement force can be measured using weights, and it can be adjusted based on the measured values.

[0025]

<Actual measurement of the number of fibers raised and the lift height>

The observation sample, which is folded in half as described above, is observed using a digital microscope (model VHX-500) manufactured by KEYENCE Corporation at a 20-fold magnification. As shown in FIG. 11, the measurement is carried out using a perpendicular line mode in the measurement modes of a digital microscope. After specifying the reference line of the protrusion 2 or part of the deflection (recess 3), the maximum point of the raised composite fiber 13 is measured in the range of the protrusion 2 or recess 3. The height of the rise is measured in the range of approximately 0.1 mm and 0.1 mm or more. Two or more observational samples are measured (n = 2 or more), and the lifting heights of the raised fibers are measured in fact, and the number of raised fibers for all the protrusions 2 and the recesses 3 in the observation region, which is 50 mm wide, is counted. Here, the number of raised composite fibers on protrusions 2 or recesses 3 is obtained, if explained in detail, taking, for example, protrusion 2 as an example, by obtaining the number (TN) of all fibers in all protrusions 2 in the observed range, which has a width of 50 mm, to obtain the total length (TL) of all the protrusions 2 in the measuring range of the number of raised fibers, as shown in FIG. 11, and translating the above number into the number of raised fibers on the protrusions 2 per 10 mm length. In particular, a number can be obtained by the following formula:

The number of composite fibers on the tabs 2

(fiber / 10 mm) = TN × 10 / TL

Additionally, the number (fibers / 10 mm) of the raised composite fibers in the recesses 3 can be obtained in a similar manner as described above.

[0026] The height of the raised fiber of the raised composite 13 fibers is the highest height relative to the reference line. The fiber end of the raised composite 13 fibers is not necessarily the highest, but the loop-shaped portion can sometimes be the highest. When the composite fibers 13 are raised in a state in which they form a loop-like shape covering the protrusion 2 and the recess 3, the number of fibers is defined as one on the protrusion 2 and one on the recess 3, and the height is determined as the height measured from the reference line of the protrusion 2 and the recess 3.

In the method described above, the measurement of the lifting height of the raised fibers is carried out for the raised composite fibers (raised fibers) that have a height of 0.1 mm or more.

Additionally, the lifting height h2 or h3 of the raised fibers is the average of the measured lifting heights.

[0027] The ratio of composite fibers with a height of 1 mm or more in the raised composite fibers 13 in the recesses 3 is usually higher than the ratio of the raised composite fibers 13 on the protrusions 2. However, when combining fibers that have a large fiber diameter, it is difficult to break the fibers on protrusions 2 due to the high stiffness of thick fibers; as a result, there is no need to increase the proportion of fibers having a height of 1 mm or more in the recesses 3. The distance (depth) from the bottom of the recess 3 to the top of the protrusion 2 is taken equal to a height of 1 mm

For raised composite 13 fibers in recesses 3, the ratio of raised composite fibers having a lifting height of 1 mm or more to all raised fibers is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and preferably 95% or less. In more detail, the ratio is preferably from 30 to 95%, more preferably from 40 to 95%.

For the raised composite 13 fibers on the projections 2, the ratio of the raised composite fibers having a lifting height of 1 mm or more to all of the raised fibers is 20% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and preferably 90% or less, more preferably 80% or smaller. In more detail, the ratio is preferably from 20 to 90%, more preferably from 40 to 80%.

In addition, there is a decrease in the total number of fibers, since there is an increase in the combined fraction of fibers that have a large fiber diameter, compared with fibers that have the same bulk and a small fiber diameter. As a result, the number of raised fibers tends to decrease.

The fraction of raised composite fibers having a lifting height of 1 mm or more can be obtained from the actual measurement of the number of raised fibers and the lifting height described above.

[0028] Among the raised composite 13 fibers from the surfaces of the recesses 3, loop-like fibers take place, as shown in FIG. 10. When a composite sheet 1A is used, for example, for a cleaning sheet, the ratio of loop-shaped fibers to raised fibers is preferably 2% or more, more preferably 5% or more and preferably 70% or less, more preferably 50% or less, from the point of view an effect in which particles of trash are captured or captured in order to increase the proportion of trapped trash. In more detail, the proportion is preferably from 2 to 70%, more preferably from 5 to 50%. Here, “loop-shaped fiber” does not refer to a fiber that has free ends, but refers to a fiber that does not have free ends at both ends.

The same applies to the ratio of the loop-shaped fibers to the raised composite fibers 13 from the surfaces of the protrusions 2. The loop-like fibers include from the “surface of the protrusion” to the “part of the section extending from the protrusion to the recess”, from the “surface of the recess” to the “part of the section extending from recesses to the protrusion ", and a loop-like shape formed by overlapping composite fibers 13 from the" surface of the protrusion "to the" surface of the recess ". The proportion of loop fibers is measured as follows:

[0029]

[Method for measuring the proportion of looped fibers] When the actual height and number of raised fibers in the [method for measuring the height of raised composite fibers] described above is measured, the actual number of looped fibers and the number of all raised fibers are measured. The highest point of the raised loop-shaped fibers from the surface of the protrusion or the surface of the recess is defined as the lifting height of the raised fiber, and the number of fibers is counted as a unit. When the composite fibers overlap from the surface of the protrusion to the surface of the recess in the form of a loop, the number of fibers is equal to one in each place, and the actual height of rise from the reference line in each place is measured.

[0030] When a composite sheet 1A is used, for example, for a cleaning sheet, the thickness of the composite sheet 1A, i.e. the distance between the top of the protrusion 2 on one surface 1a and the top of the protrusion 2 on the other surface 1b is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 1.0 mm or more and preferably 7.0 mm or less, more preferably 4.0 mm or smaller. In more detail, the thickness is preferably from 0.5 to 7.0 mm, more preferably from 1.0 to 4.0 mm. The thickness of the composite sheet 1A is measured at a load of 0.3 kPa using, for example, a DAIEI KAGAKU SEIKI MGF thickness gauge. Co., Ltd. (model FS-60DS). This load corresponds to the pressure that is measured when the composite sheet 1A is lightly pressed by hand. This thickness gauge has a presser foot area of 20 cm ² (diameter 50.5 mm).

[0031] In addition, the composite sheet 1A has a thickness under load greater than the above 0.7 kPa, preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, and preferably 6 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less. In more detail, the thickness is preferably from 0.5 to 6 mm, more preferably from 1 to 3 mm, from the point of view of maintaining bulk when the composite sheet 1A is used. This load almost corresponds to the load applied when the composite sheet 1A is attached to the cleaning tool, and the floor or the like is cleaned using the tool. A thickness under a load of 0.7 kPa is measured, for example, by adjusting the mass of the load in the thickness gauge described above.

[0032] When a composite sheet 1A is used, for example, for a cleaning sheet, the bulk of the composite sheet 1A is preferably 30 g / m ² or more, more preferably 40 g / m ² or more, and preferably 110 g / m ² or less, more preferably 80 g / m ² or less, from the point of view of sheet strength, gripping ability, penetrating properties of the captured materials and production efficiency. In more detail, the bulk is preferably from 30 to 110 g / m ² , more preferably from 40 to 80 g / m ² .

[0033] A three-dimensional uneven geometric shape is provided for the frame material 11 of the composite sheet 1A so that the material has a plurality of protrusions 2 and recesses 3. As can be seen from the preferred manufacturing method of the composite sheet 1A described below, providing this uneven geometric shape is based on thermal deformation or plastic deformation, whereby this three-dimensional uneven geometric shape is stably stored on the frame material 11.

In the composite sheet 1A, the melting temperature of the material forming the frame material 11 is the lowest among the fiber materials forming the composite sheet 1A, based on the point of view described above. In the case when the frame material 11 is formed from a cellular sheet, as described below, or in the case when it is formed from a material different from the above, such as non-woven material, it is preferable that the melting temperature of the material forming the frame material 11 is lower the melting temperature of the fiber materials 13 forming the fiber aggregate 12 described below, and if the composite sheet 1A has materials forming the composite sheet 1A different from the frame material 11 and the fiber aggregate 12, preferably a plat Lenia material forming a shell material below the melting temperature of the fibers of these materials.

[0034] The frame material 11 of the composite sheet 1A is formed from a cellular sheet. The mesh sheet forming the frame material 11, as shown in FIG. 2, is generally a resin wire mesh. The mesh sheet has a wire diameter of preferably 50 μm or more, more preferably 100 μm or more, and preferably 600 μm or less, more preferably 400 μm or less. In more detail, the diameter of the wire is preferably from 50 to 600 microns, more preferably from 100 to 400 microns. The distance between the wires is preferably 2 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, and preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less. In more detail, the distance is preferably from 2 to 30 mm, more preferably from 4 to 20 mm. The mesh sheet may or may not heat shrink.

[0035] As the material forming the cellular sheet, for example, the materials described in the third column, lines 39-46 of the description in US Pat. No. 5,525,397 can be used. It is particularly preferable to use various thermoplastic resins. The material forming the honeycomb sheet is preferably elastic, because even if a load is applied to the composite sheet 1A, bulkiness can be maintained. Specific examples thereof may include polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, acrylonitrile resins, vinyl resins, vinylidene resins, and the like. The polyolefin resin may include polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, and the like. The polyester resin may include polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and the like. The polyamide resin may include nylon and the like. Vinyl resin may include polyvinyl chloride and the like. The vinylidene resin may include polyvinylidene chloride and the like. You can also use their modified resins and mixtures thereof.

[0036] For the frame material 11 of the composite sheet 1A, non-woven fabric, paper, film can be used in addition to the mesh cellular sheet, and it is preferable to use non-woven fabric in terms of adhesion due to weaving with the fiber material 13 forming the fiber aggregate 12. Nonwovens may include, for example, thermally bonded nonwovens. As thermally bonded non-woven fabrics, air-permeable non-woven fabrics, Spunbond non-woven fabrics and Pointbond non-woven fabrics can be used, and it is preferable to use Spunbond non-woven fabrics in terms of strength as a carcass material and adhesion to the fiber aggregate. Spunbond non-woven fabric preferably has a breathability of from 0.1 to 1000 cm ³ / (cm ² s), in terms of bonding to composite fibers 13. Spunbond non-woven fabric has a bulk of preferably 10 to 50 g / m ² , more preferably 10 g / m ² or more and 30 g / m ² or less.

[0037] Various thermoplastic resins are preferably used as the material forming the thermally bonded non-woven fabric. A nonwoven fabric having elasticity is preferred as the material forming the thermally bonded nonwoven fabric, since even if a load is applied to the composite sheet 1A, its bulk is maintained. It should be noted the choice of material with the lowest melting point among the materials forming the composite sheet. In particular, examples may include polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, acrylonitrile resins, vinyl resins, vinylidene resins, and the like. The polyolefin resin may include polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, and the like. The polyester resin may include polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and the like. The polyamide resin may include nylon and the like. Vinyl resin may include polyvinyl chloride and the like. The vinylidene resin may include polyvinylidene chloride and the like. You can also use their modified resins and mixtures thereof.

[0038] The fiber aggregates 12, which form one surface 1a and the other surface 1b of the composite sheet 1A, are non-woven fabric formed by weaving the fibers of a fibrous web predominantly formed from fibers, and arranged in layers on the frame material 11. The fiber aggregates 12 are integrated into frame material 11 along uneven geometric shapes of frame material 11 of a three-dimensional uneven geometric shape. This structure gives a three-dimensional geometric shape, which has many protrusions 2 and recesses 3 in the composite sheet 1A as a whole. The geometric shapes of the protrusions 2 and the recesses 3 in the composite sheet 1A, respectively, are almost the same as the geometric shapes of the protrusions and recesses on the frame material 11.

[0039] As a fiber aggregate 12, a hydro-braided non-woven fabric formed by a hydro-braiding method or by means of a punching needle can be used, and a hydro-braided non-woven fabric is used in the composite sheet 1A from the point of view of performance and exciting properties. The hydro-woven nonwoven fabric of the fiber aggregate on one side has a bulk of preferably 10 g / m ² or more, more preferably 15 g / m ² or more and preferably 50 g / m ² or less, more preferably 40 g / m ² or less view of the limitations of the production machine, sheet strength and immersive properties as a cleaning sheet. In more detail, the bulk is preferably from 10 to 50 g / m ² , more preferably from 15 to 40 g / m ² . When the aggregate 12 of fibers of the hydro-woven non-woven fabric is layered on each surface of the carcass material 11, the hydro-woven non-woven fabric may have the same bulk or a different bulk.

[0040] As the fiber 13 constituting the fiber aggregate 12, fibers commonly used to form various nonwovens can be used, and examples thereof include polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP); polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT); polyamides such as nylon (registered trademark) and nylon 6; synthetic fibers obtained from a synthetic resin such as acrylic resin (thermoplastic fiber); natural cellulose, such as cotton, regenerated cellulose fibers, such as viscose, biodegradable fibers, for example, from polylactic acid, and the like. Composite fiber 13 can be formed from monofilament containing one resin or conjugated fiber containing two or more resins that have a melting point different from the others. The conjugated fiber may include conjugated fibers with a core-sheath structure that have a shell part formed from a resin with a relatively low melting point (resin with a low melting point), and a nuclear part formed from a resin with a relatively high melting point (resin with a high temperature melting); parallel conjugated fibers in which a resin with a low melting point and a resin with a high melting point are arranged in a line in a predetermined direction, and the like.

[0041] Preferably, the fiber aggregate 12 is formed by mixing the composite 13 fibers of two or more types, the fiber diameter of which is two times or more different from the others in terms of bulk, cleaning properties and formability of the structure with a large space between the fibers. The fiber aggregate 12 has a ratio of composite fibers that have a fiber diameter of 5 to 20 μm (which can also be referred to hereinafter as fibers that have a small fiber diameter) to all composite fibers, preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more and preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less. In more detail, the ratio is preferably from 10 to 90% by weight, more preferably from 30 to 70% by weight. The fiber aggregate 12 has a ratio of composite fibers that have a fiber diameter of from 20 to 60 μm (which can also be referred to herein as fibers having a larger fiber diameter) to all composite fibers, preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 30 % by mass or more and preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less. In more detail, the ratio is preferably from 10 to 90% by weight, more preferably from 30 to 70% by weight.

Preferably, the fiber diameter of a fiber having a large fiber diameter is different from that of a fiber having a small fiber diameter, two times or more, more preferably 2.5 times or more, in terms of conformity to the production machine, the interlacing properties of the fiber and the cleaning properties sheet.

The fiber diameter of the composite fiber is measured as follows:

[0042]

[Method for measuring fiber diameter] Five composite fibers 13 are randomly selected to form an aggregate of 12 fibers, the fiber diameter of each extracted composite fiber 13 is measured using a microscope, and the average of the five measured values is determined as the fiber diameter of the fiber. When the fiber aggregate 12 contains composite fibers 13 of two or more types that have a different fiber diameter, the diameter of each fiber is measured according to the procedures described above.

It is also possible to obtain an approximate value from the calculation of fineness based on the following formulas.

dtex = πr ² × 10000 × ρ × 10 ^-6

r = √ (dtex / (πρ × 10 ^-2 )), φmkm = 2r

[0043] Next, a preferred method for manufacturing a composite sheet of the present invention is explained with reference to FIG. 4-7. According to this production method, first the fibrous web is layered on one surface or both surfaces of the carcass material 11. After that, the composite fibers 13 of the fibrous web are woven together and the composite fibers 13 are woven with the carcass material 11 by high pressure water jet, and then the resulting product dried, whereby a fiber-like aggregate 12 is formed from a fibrous web and at the same time, the fiber aggregate 12 is integrated into the frame material 11. After As a result, the resulting integrated sheet is fed into a protrusion roller that has a plurality of protrusions on its peripheral surface, whereby one surface or both surfaces of the sheet is subjected to a lifting fiber treatment, and then the sheet which has been subjected to a lifting fiber processing is passed between a pair of embossing rollers which have many irregularities and are bonded to each other in order to hot stamp, whereby many parts of the sheet are subjected to providing uneven geometry eskuyu form processing so that the sheet has a rough geometric shape corresponding to the irregular geometry of the embossing roller.

[0044] FIG. 4 shows a manufacturing device 20, which is preferably used in the method for manufacturing the composite sheet 1A of the present embodiment. The production device 20 is roughly divided from the inlet side in the direction of the outlet side, into the layering section 20A, the braiding section 20B, the processing fiber lifting section 20C, the processing geometry section 20D, and the cooling section 20E.

An arrow marked with an x in each drawing shows the direction of the composite sheet 1A during manufacture and corresponds to the direction MD (longitudinal direction X) along the direction of fiber orientation; and the arrow indicated by the y symbol in each drawing shows the direction of the axis of rotation of the roller and corresponds to the direction CD (direction of width Y).

[0045] The layering section 20A, as shown in FIG. 4 comprises, from the inlet side to the outlet side, carding machines 21A and 21B that suitably produce fiber webs 10a and 10b; exhaust rollers 22 and 22 of the fibrous webs 10a and 10b; and a release roller 24 that releases the tape-like frame material 11 from the roll feed material 23 of the frame material 11.

[0046] The weaving section 20B, as shown in FIG. 4, comprises, from the inlet side in the direction of the outlet side, an endless web supporting tape 25A and water nozzles 26A that weave composite fibers in a water stream on one side of the surface (one surface, upper surface) of the layered product 5 described below, supporting the web endless tape 25B and water jet nozzles 26B that weave composite fibers in a stream of water on the other side of the surface (remaining surface, lower surface) of the layered product 5 described below on the side in starting web supporting belt 25A and the dryer 27 at the downstream side of the above.

[0047] The treatment fiber lifting section 20C is a section in which the fibers forming the laminate 6 (the base sheet of the composite sheet 1A) described below are subjected to a fiber lifting treatment and, as shown in FIG. 4, from the inlet side in the direction of the outlet side, comprises a roller with protrusions 31, which has protrusions 310 on its peripheral surface, and a roller with protrusions 34, which has protrusions 340 on its peripheral surface. Despite the fact that the roller with protrusions 31 and the roller with protrusions 34 are the same rollers, the roller with protrusions 31 is a roller that lifts the fibers on one surface of the laminate 6 after the integration described below, and the roller with protrusions 34 is a roller that lifts fibers on another surface (remaining surface) of the laminate 6 after integration described below. The rollers with protrusions 31 and 34 have a cylindrical geometric shape and are made of metal, such as aluminum alloy or steel. The rollers with the protrusions 31 and 34 are rotated by means of a driving force transmitted from the drive means (not shown in the drawings) to the axis of rotation of the roller. The rotation speed (peripheral speed V3) of the roller with protrusions 31 and the rotation speed (peripheral speed V4) of the roller with protrusions 34 are controlled by a control section (not shown in the drawing) provided in the manufacturing device 20. Here, the peripheral speed V3 of the roller with protrusions 31 refers to speeds on the surface of the roller with protrusions 31 and, likewise, the peripheral speed V4 of the roller with protrusions 34 refers to speed on the surface of the roller with protrusions 34.

[0048] The processing fiber lifting section 20C as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, comprises carrier rollers 32 and 33 that carry a laminate 6, to which the fiber lifting treatment has not yet been applied, to a roller with projections 31 on the inlet side and an outlet side of the roller with projections 31, and bearing rollers 35 and 36 that carry the laminate 6 ', one side of which the lifting fiber was subjected to processing, to the roller with protrusions 34 on the inlet side and the outlet side of the roller with protrusions 34. The transfer speed V2 of the laminate 6 is controlled by a control section (not shown in the drawing) provided in the production device 20. Here, the speed awn V2 transfer laminate 6 which is not yet subjected levator fiber processing, refers to the rate at the surface of the laminate 6, which is fed to the roller 31 with projections.

[0049] Each protrusion 310 or 340 on the roller with protrusions 31 or 34 has a height from the peripheral surface of the roller with protrusions 31 or 34 to the top of the protrusion 310 or 340, preferably 0.01 mm or more and preferably 3 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less. In more detail, the height is preferably from 0.01 to 3 mm, more preferably from 0.01 to 1 mm. The distance (pitch) between the protrusions 310 and 340 adjacent to the circumferential direction is preferably 0.01 mm or more, and preferably 50 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less. In more detail, the distance is preferably from 0.01 to 50 mm, more preferably from 0.01 to 3 mm. The distance (pitch) between the protrusions 310 and 340 adjacent to the axis of rotation is preferably 0.01 mm or more and preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less. In more detail, the distance is preferably from 0.01 to 30 mm, more preferably from 0.01 to 3 mm. Preferably, the number of protrusions 310 or 340 per unit area is from 500 to 20,000 protrusions / cm ² , since there is an increase in the number of points of fiber-lifting action, and thus it is possible to obtain a laminate 6 ', which has a large number of raised fibers. The geometric shape of the surface of the upper part of each protrusion 310 or 340 on the roller with protrusions 31 or 34 is not particularly limited and, for example, a circle, polygon, ellipse and the like are used. The surface area of the upper part of each protrusion 310 or 340 is preferably 0.001 mm ² or more, more preferably 0.01 mm ² or more, and preferably 20 mm ² or less, more preferably 1 mm ² or less. In more detail, the area is preferably from 0.001 to 20 mm ² , more preferably from 0.01 to 1 mm ² .

[0050] In the manufacturing device 20 of the present embodiment, in order to raise the fibers of the laminate 6, to which the fiber-lifting treatment has not yet been applied, more efficiently, as shown in FIG. 5, set the position of the carrier roller 33, located on the outlet side of the roller with protrusions 31, to set above the position of the roller with protrusions 31, and bring the laminate 6, to which the fiber-lifting treatment has not yet been applied, into contact with the contact surface of the roller with protrusions 31 at an angle α the fold is preferably 10 ° or more, more preferably 30 ° or more and preferably 180 ° or less, more preferably 120 ° or less. In more detail, the laminate 6 is brought into contact with the contact surface at an angle of bending α preferably from 10 to 180 °, more preferably from 30 to 120 °. It is also preferable to bring the roller with protrusions 34 into contact at the same bending angle α as described above.

[0051] Section 20D providing an irregular three-dimensional geometric processing shape, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 is a section in which a plurality of parts of the laminate 6 ′ to which the fiber-lifting treatment has been applied are subjected to heat-treatment or plastic deformation. In the manufacturing device 20 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, a steel compatible embossing roller 43 is provided, formed from a pair of unequal rollers 41 and 42, and an embossing roller 43 compatible with the gap is connected to a heating means (not shown in the drawing) so that the roller can be heated to a predetermined temperature. The treatment of "thermal deformation or plastic deformation" herein refers to the deformation of a thermoplastic resin by heating to its softening temperature or higher and maintaining the resulting geometric shape. "Softening point" refers to the temperature at which a thermoplastic resin can be deformed by mechanical force or the like.

Stamping with alignment with a gap is characterized by the fact that unequal rollers are not brought into contact with each other in order to engage with each other, and protrusions and recesses are almost brought into engagement with each other, while maintaining a mechanically defined gap (gap) .

[0052] In a pair of unequal rollers 41 and 42, one roller 41 has a plurality of protrusions 410 on its peripheral surface, and the other roller 42 has recesses 420, into which the protrusions 410 on the roller 41 enter positions corresponding to the protrusion 410 on its peripheral surface. A pair of unequal rollers 41 and 42 has a cylindrical shape and is made of metal, such as aluminum alloy or steel. The manufacturing device 20 of the present embodiment comprises a so-called gap-compatible embossing roller 43 formed of a pair of unequal rollers 41 and 42, in which the protrusion 410 and the recess 420, which are engaged with each other, are formed on the peripheral surfaces. As shown in FIG. 7, the embossing roller 43 compatible with the gap is formed so that a plurality of protrusions 410 formed on the peripheral surface of the roller 41 and a plurality of recesses 420 formed on the peripheral surface of the roller 42 are engaged with each other (they are not brought into contact with each other other, as described above), and the plurality of projections 410 are evenly and regularly arranged in the direction of the axis of rotation of the roller 41 and in the circumferential direction. A pair of rollers 41 and 42 are rotated by a driving force transmitted from a drive means (not shown in the drawing) using a gear (not shown in the drawing). It is preferable to transmit the driving force to the pair of rollers using a gear to avoid the disappearance of the state of the raised fiber from the raised composite fiber.

The rotational speeds of the pair of rollers 41 and 42 are controlled by a control section (not shown in the drawing) provided in the manufacturing device 20.

[0053] The geometrical shape of the protrusion 410 of the peripheral surface of the roller 41 may be a circle, a quadrangle, an ellipse, a rhombus, a rectangle (the side in the transfer direction or the direction orthogonal to the transfer direction is long) in the plane view, and the circle is preferred since reduction the strength of the laminate 6 'to which the fiber lifting treatment was applied is low. The geometric shape of the protrusion 410 in the side view may contain a trapezoidal, quadrangular, curved geometric shape, etc. trapezoidal is preferred due to low friction during rotation of the roller, and trapezoidal, having an angle at the base of 70 ° to 89 °, is more preferred. When the shallow protrusions and recesses are preformed on the portion of the protrusion 410 on the roller 41 with which the laminate 6 'is brought into contact with, the effect of the processing fiber lifting and the state of the raised fibers can be restored when the laminate 6' 'is peeled off from the roller 41 after deformation.

[0054] In the irregular three-dimensional geometric processing section 20D, each protrusion 410 on the roller 41 has a height h from the peripheral surface of the roller 41 to the top of the protrusion 410, preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 2 mm or more, and preferably 10 mm or less more preferably 7 mm or less. In more detail, the height h is preferably from 1 to 10 mm, more preferably from 2 to 7 mm. The distance (step P1) between the protrusions 410 adjacent to the circumferential direction is preferably 0.01 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, and preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 6 mm or less. In more detail, the pitch P1 is preferably from 0.01 to 20 mm, more preferably from 1 to 6 mm. The distance (step P2 (not shown in the drawing)) between the protrusions 410 adjacent to the axis of rotation is preferably 0.01 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more and preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 6 mm or less . In more detail, the pitch P2 is preferably from 0.01 to 20 mm, more preferably from 1 to 6 mm. The geometric shape of the surface of the upper part of each protrusion 410 on the roller 41 is not particularly limited and may be, for example, a circle, polygon, ellipse, etc. The surface area of the upper part of each protrusion 410 is preferably 0.01 mm ² or more, more preferably 0.1 mm ² or more, and preferably 500 mm ² or less, more preferably 10 mm ² or less. In more detail, the area is preferably from 0.01 to 500 mm ² , more preferably from 0.1 to 10 mm ² . The area of each base surface between adjacent protrusions 410 is preferably 0.01 mm ² or more, more preferably 0.1 mm ² or more, and preferably 500 mm ² or less, more preferably 10 mm ² or less. In more detail, the area is preferably from 0.01 to 500 mm ² , more preferably from 0.1 to 10 mm ² . The edge portion of the protrusion 410 is preferably in the form of the letter R. In this case, the surface area of the protrusion 410 is an intermediate point in R (the protrusion protrudes from above).

[0055] In section 20D providing an uneven three-dimensional geometric shape of the machining, each recess 420 in the roller 42, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are positioned in a position corresponding to each protrusion 410 on the roller 41. Each recess 420 on the roller 42, as shown in FIG. 7 has an engagement depth D of each protrusion 410 on the roller 41 and each protrusion on the roller 42 (the length of the part in which each protrusion 410 and each recess 420 overlap), preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, and preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 8 mm or less. In more detail, the depth D is preferably from 0.1 to 10 mm, more preferably from 1 to 8 mm. Preferably, there is a space between the upper part of the protrusion 410 on the roller 41 and the lower part of the recess 420 on the roller 42 so as not to clamp the laminate 6 'between them when the laminate 6' is applied to which the fiber-lifting treatment has been applied since the laminate is 6 '' obtained after deformation processing is not destroyed by engagement, and the state of the raised fiber does not disappear.

[0056] The irregular three-dimensional geometric shape processing section 20D has, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, bearing rollers 44 and 45, which carry the laminate 6 ′ to which the fiber-lifting treatment has been applied, to the embossing roller 43 compatible with the gap to the inlet side and the outlet side of the embossing roller 43 compatible with the gap.

[0057] The cooling section 20E, as shown in FIG. 4, has an air injection tube 28 facing one surface of the laminate 6 ″ obtained after deformation processing, and a vacuum conveyor 29 facing the other surface of the laminate 6 ″. The cold stream is supplied from the tube 28 for forcing air in the direction of the laminate 6 ''. On the other hand, the vacuum conveyor 29 is formed from an endless mesh tape that carries a laminate 6 ''. The vacuum conveyor 29 has a structure in which the cold stream supplied from the tube 28 for injecting air through the mesh belt is sucked in. The cooling section 20E is not limited to the above, and other cooling means may be used. For example, you can use a water-cooled roller through which cooling water is passed, or a vacuum roller that can suck in air inward from its peripheral surface. You can also expect that they will receive the effect of the raised fibers, which fall under the action of air supplied from the tube for pumping air, while providing an uneven geometric shape of the processing.

[0058] The following is an explanation of one embodiment of a method for manufacturing a composite sheet of the present invention using the manufacturing device 20 of the present embodiment, with reference to FIG. 4-7.

First, the fibrous webs 10a and 10b are suitably continuously fed from the carding machine 21A and 21B into the layering section 20A through the exhaust rollers 22 and 22. On the other hand, the roll feed 23 of the carcass material 11 is placed between the carding machines 21A and 21B, and the carcass material 11 fed from the discharge roller 24 of the rolled starting material 23. The fibrous webs 10a and 10b are suitably placed on both sides of the frame material 11 by means of the discharge rollers 22 and 22 in order to form a layered product 5.

[0059] Subsequently, in the interlacing section 20B, both surfaces of the layered product 5, which are transferred and transferred onto the backing belt 25, are subjected to the interlacing treatment by means of a high-pressure jet of water that breaks out from the water-jet nozzles 26A and 26B. By this method, the fibers 13 forming the fibrous webs 10a and 10b in the layered product 5 are woven in order to form fiber aggregates 12, and at the same time the composite fibers 13 are woven with the frame material 11, thereby obtaining a laminate 6 in which the three components are woven and then water is removed from them by means of a dryer 27 to obtain a laminate 6. This laminate 6 is a final composite sheet 1A.

[0060] Then, in the processing fiber lifting section 20C, the laminate 6 is subjected to a fiber lifting treatment in which the fibers 13 forming the laminate 6 are lifted, i.e. fibers 13 forming an aggregate 12 of fibers that form the source sheet of the composite sheet 1A. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the laminate 6 is fed onto a roller with protrusions 31, which has protrusions 310 formed on its peripheral surface by means of bearing rollers 32 and 33; the fibers 13 forming the fiber aggregate 12, which forms the laminate 6, are lifted from one surface (upper surface) of the laminate 6 by means of a roller with protrusions 31; a laminate 6, which has raised fibers on one surface (upper surface), is fed to a roller with protrusions 34, which has protrusions 340 on its peripheral surface, by means of bearing rollers 35 and 36; and the fibers 13 forming an aggregate 12 of fibers that form the laminate 6 are also lifted from the other surface (lower surface) of the laminate 6 by means of a roller with protrusions 34.

[0061] In the present embodiment, preferably, as shown in FIG. 4 and 5, the direction of rotation of the roller with the protrusions 31 is set in the direction opposite to the x direction of transfer of the laminate 6, since the fibers 13 forming the laminate 6 are effectively lifted from the surface of the laminate 6, and it is possible to obtain a laminate 6 'having a small number of contractions and folds. When the roller 31 is rotated in the opposite direction, as indicated above, the V3 / V2 value is 0.3 or more, preferably 1.1 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more and is 20 or less, more preferably 15 or less, more preferably 12 or less. In more detail, preferably the V3 / V2 value is from 0.3 to 20, more preferably V3> V2, even more preferably the V3 / V2 value is from 1.1 to 15, and even more preferably the value is from 1.5 to 12, since sufficient uplift of the fibers can occur and only a small amount of fibers can weave with the roller. Rotation in the opposite direction and the difference in peripheral speed increases the number of raised fibers. When the roller with the protrusions 31 is not rotated in the opposite direction, but rotated in the direction aligned with the transfer direction x of the laminate 6, the relationship between the transfer speed V2 of the laminate 6 and the peripheral speed V3 of the roller with the protrusions 31, the value V3 / V2, is preferably 1.1 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more, even more preferably 2 or more and preferably 20 or less, more preferably 10 or less, even more preferably 8 or less. In more detail, V3 / V2 is preferably from 1.1 to 20, more preferably from 1.5 to 10, even more preferably from 2 to 8.

[0062] The direction of rotation of the bead with protrusions 34 is the same as the direction of rotation of the bead with protrusions 31. Preferably, it is rotated in the opposite direction of the transfer direction x of the laminate 6. When it is rotated in the opposite direction, as indicated above, the value V4 / V2 is 0.3 or more, preferably 1.1 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more and is 20 or less, preferably 15 or less, more preferably 12 or less. In more detail, preferably the V4 / V2 value is from 0.3 to 20, more preferably V4> V2, even more preferably the V4 / V2 value is from 1.1 to 15, and even more preferably the value is from 1.5 to 12, since sufficient uplift of the fiber may occur and only a small amount of fibers can intertwine with the roller. Rotation in the opposite direction and differences in peripheral speed increase the number of raised fibers. When the roller with the protrusions 34 is not rotated in the opposite direction, but rotated in the direction aligned with the transfer direction x of the laminate 6, the relationship between the transfer speed V2 of the laminate 6 and the peripheral speed V4 of the roller with the protrusions 34, the value V4 / V2 is preferably 1.1 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more, even more preferably 2 or more and preferably 20 or less, more preferably 10 or less, even more preferably 8 or less. In more detail, V4 / V2 is preferably from 1.1 to 20, more preferably from 1.5 to 10, even more preferably from 2 to 8.

[0063] The state of the raised fibers can be arbitrarily controlled by the speed of the roller and the geometric shape of the roller with protrusions, i.e. the relative peripheral speed is accordingly changed using the state of the roller with protrusions. Alternatively, the state of the raised fibers can also be arbitrarily changed by appropriately changing the geometric shape of the bead with protrusions, while maintaining relative peripheral speed. The condition of the raised fibers reflects the number of raised fibers and the lifting height of the raised fiber.

[0064] Thereafter, in the section 20D providing an irregular three-dimensional geometric processing shape, a plurality of parts of the laminate 6 'are subjected to an irregular geometric processing so that a plurality of projections 2 and recesses 3 are formed on the laminate 6' to which the fiber-lifting treatment is applied . In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 and 6, the laminate 6 ′ to which the fiber lifting treatment was applied is fed between a pair of rollers 41 and 42 of the embossing roller 43 aligned with the clearance in the section 20D providing an uneven three-dimensional geometric processing shape by the carrier rollers 44 and 45, and the laminate 6 ′ is processed deformation. In particular, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the laminate 6 ′, which is carried by the carrier rollers 44 and 45, is compressed between a plurality of protrusions 410 on one roller 41 and a plurality of recesses 420 on another roller 42, and a plurality of parts of the laminate 6 ′ to which the fiber lifting treatment is applied are subjected to a deformation treatment in the transfer direction x and the direction of width y, perpendicular to the transfer direction, thereby obtaining a 6 ″ laminate to which deformation processing was applied. In the 6 '' laminate, to which deformation processing was applied, an uneven geometric shape corresponding to an uneven geometric shape on the roller 41 is provided.

[0065] In section 20D providing an irregular three-dimensional geometric shape of the treatment, it is preferable to perform deformation processing at a temperature equal to the softening temperature of the thermoplastic resin forming the frame material 11 of the laminate 6 'or higher for producing the laminate 6' ', which has excellent damping properties by maintaining uneven the geometric shape due to the rollers 41 and 42, in the laminate 6 'to which the fiber-lifting treatment was applied, and for the manufacture of the 6' 'laminate, which has excellent gripping properties debris by raising the fibers in the grooves irregular geometric shape. It is also effective to carry out processing at a temperature equal to or above the melting temperature of the thermoplastic resin. This method can reliably provide an uneven geometric shape of the frame material 11 and an uneven geometric shape can be stably maintained.

[0066] When the composite sheet 1A is used for a cleaning sheet, it is preferable that the processing in section 20D providing an irregular three-dimensional geometric shape of the processing is carried out under conditions in which dust-capturing properties are not reduced in the fiber aggregates 12 (fibrous webs 10a and 10b) in the laminate 6 ′, to which the fiber lifting treatment has been applied. For example, in the case where the fibers 13 forming the fiber aggregates 12 (fibrous webs 10a and 10b) contain a thermoplastic resin, if the deformation processing is carried out at a temperature at which the thermoplastic resin melts, the dust-trapping properties in the fiber 12 aggregate (fibrous) decrease webs 10a and 10b). Accordingly, it is preferable that the melting temperature of the material forming the carcass material 11 (cellular sheet or thermally bonded non-woven fabric) is the lowest among the melting temperatures of the fiber materials forming the composite sheet 1A. When both the frame materials 11 and the fiber aggregates (fiber webs 10a and 10b) are formed from thermoplastic resins, preferably the melting temperature of the thermoplastic resin forming the frame material 11 is lower than the melting temperature of the thermoplastic resins forming the fiber aggregates 12 (fiber webs 10a and 10b). Under these conditions, deformation processing can be carried out at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the carcass material, as described above, if the temperature is equal to or higher than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic resin forming the carcass material 11 and equal to the melting temperature of the composite fiber 13 or lower .

[0067] A 6 ″ laminate, to which a deformation treatment was applied and given an irregular geometric shape, is under conditions in which its temperature exceeds the deformation treatment. If the high temperature state of the irregular geometric shape continues after providing the shape, the bulk of the three-dimensional wireframe material 11, which is obtained by providing the uneven geometric shape, can be reduced. Then, the laminate 6 ″ is passed through the cooling section 20E in order to cool it, whereby the desired composite sheet 1A is continuously produced in which the irregular geometric shape of the frame material 11 is fixed in the laminate 6 ″. In this case, this cooling section 20E is not necessarily dependent on the state of the deformation processing (for example, the case of a low heating temperature), and in this case, an irregular geometric shape is provided in the laminate 6 ′ to which the fiber-lifting treatment has been applied to continuously produce the desired composite sheet 1A .

[0068] The fabricated continuous composite sheet 1A is typically as shown in FIG. 4 is wrapped around a roll winder and stored in a state in which the sheet is wound. When the sheet is stored in such a twisted state, there is a slight destruction of the raised fibers from the surface of the protrusions 2 on the composite sheet 1A. In the composite sheet 1A, respectively, as shown in FIG. 3, the height of the raised composite fibers from the surfaces of the recesses 3 is higher than the height of the raised composite fibers from the surfaces of the protrusions 2.

When the manufactured continuous composite sheet 1A, as shown in FIG. 4 are subjected to manufacturing processing, such as folding and wrapping during manufacturing processing and in the packaging section, there is also a slight destruction of the fibers raised from the surfaces of the protrusions 2 on the composite sheet 1A. In such a case, in the composite sheet 1A, as shown in FIG. 3, the height of the raised composite fibers from the surfaces of the recesses 3 is also higher than the height of the raised composite fibers from the surfaces of the protrusions 2.

[0069] According to the manufacturing method of the composite sheet 1A of the present embodiment, even if the uneven geometric shape of the composite sheet 1A is destroyed by storing it in a twisted state or in a product state, the uneven geometric shape can be restored or composite fibers that are destroyed on the surface of the protrusions 2 , can be raised again, exposing them, for example, to hot air during subsequent use.

[0070] A lubricant may be applied to the composite sheet 1A thus manufactured in accordance with use. The lubricant preferably includes at least one type of oil selected from mineral oil, synthetic oil, silicone oil and surfactants. The mineral oil may include paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and the like. Synthetic oil may include alkylbenzene oil, polyolefin oil, polyglycol oil, and the like. Silicone oil may include chain dimethyl polysiloxane, cyclic dimethyl polysiloxane, methyl hydrodienpolysiloxane, various modified silicones, and the like. The surfactant may include long chain monoalkyl trimethyl ammonium salts, long chain dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts and long chain monoalkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium salts that have an alkyl group or an alkenyl group with from 10 to 22 carbon atoms as a cationic surfactant; and surfactants, polyethylene glycol ethers, such as polyoxyethylene (6 to 35 mol) long chain alkyl or alkenyl (primary or secondary C ₈ -C ₂₂ ) ethers and polyoxyethylene (6 to 35 mol) alkyl (C ₈ -C ₁₈ ) phenyl ethers, block copolymers of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene, esters of glycerol and fatty acids, esters of sorbitan and fatty acids, surfactants, polyhydric alcohols, such as alkyl glycosides and the like, as non-ionic surfactants but. The application step can be carried out either before or after the section 20D providing an uneven three-dimensional geometric shape of the treatment.

[0071] A composite sheet 1A manufactured using the manufacturing device 20 can be used, for example, for a cleaning sheet. Composite sheet 1A, as shown in FIG. 1, they give a three-dimensional uneven geometric shape so as to have a plurality of protrusions 2 and recesses 3, and the fibers 13 forming the fiber assembly 12 are lifted not only from the surfaces of the protrusions 2, but also from the surfaces of the recesses 3. When the composite sheet 1A is used for cleaning the sheet, respectively, hair and debris, such as cotton dust, can be additionally effectively captured, and debris particles can be captured sufficiently.

In particular, when the composite sheet 1A is used for a cleaning sheet, as shown in FIG. 8, the sheet is attached to a head portion 71 of a cleaning tool 7 comprising a head portion 71 and a handle 72 connecting the head portion 71 that is used. The attached surface (lower surface) of the head portion 71 is rectangular in plan view, and the composite sheet 1A is attached, for example, so that the longitudinal direction of the head portion 71 coincides with the direction MD along the orientation direction of the fibers forming the composite sheet 1A. Composite sheet 1A is placed on the lower surface of the head portion 71 so that the raised fiber surface faces away from the head portion 71 (towards the surface to be cleaned during cleaning) when it is attached, then parts of both side edges along the longitudinal direction of the composite sheet 1A are folded back onto the upper side of the head portion 71, and the folded two portions of the side edges are inserted into a plurality of flexible sheet holding portions 73 which have slots in the head portion 71 in order to fix them so that crawl. When the cleaning tool 7 to which the composite sheet 1A is attached is used in the usual manner, the cleaning is carried out by moving (in particular, moving back and forth) the head portion 71 in the direction of its width. The cleaning direction of the cleaning tool 7, respectively, is the width direction (direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) of the head portion 71. The cleaning tool 7, to which the composite sheet 1A is attached, can be used, for example, to wipe a hard surface such as a wooden floor, a wall , cloth, glass, tatami mat, mirror or furniture, household appliances, the exterior wall of the house or the car body.

[0072] When the cleaning tool 7 to which the composite sheet 1A is attached is used, in particular, for mopping a wooden floor, the debris particles are easily three-dimensionally held in the recesses 3, since the composite fibers 13 are lifted from the surfaces of the recesses 3, the debris particles held in the recesses 3 are intertwined with the composite fibers 13 and thus it is difficult for the debris particles to fall out, thereby leading to improved capture efficiency.

[0073] The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.

For example, one surface 1a and another surface 1b of the composite sheet 1A described above as shown in FIG. 1 are subjected to a lifting fiber treatment, but only any one of the surfaces can be subjected to a lifting fiber treatment. When only one surface (or only one surface 1a or only the other surface 1b) is subjected to such a fiber lifting treatment, the processing fiber lifting section 20C in the manufacturing device 20 may comprise only any one of a roller with protrusions 31 and a roller with protrusions 34.

[0074] The composite sheet 1A described above as shown in FIG. 1, they give a three-dimensional uneven geometric shape so as to have a plurality of protrusions 2 and recesses 3, and the protrusions 2 and recesses 3 are arranged in an alternating pattern, but to enhance the structural characteristics, the protrusions 2 and the recess 3 can be arranged in the form of a strip, or for protrusions 2 and recesses 3, some design may be provided. The fibers can be lifted over all surfaces of the protrusions 2 and the recesses 3, or after the fiber can be partially lifted from the surface of the sheet to give it an irregular geometric shape, whereby the fibers can be partially raised in an uneven geometric shape.

Composite sheet 1A described above can be used for cosmetics, sheets for cosmetics or medical use in addition to a cleaning sheet.

[0075] The manufacturing device 20 used in the manufacturing method of the composite sheet 1A comprises, as shown in FIG. 4, rollers with protrusions 31 and 34 that have protrusions 310 and 340 on their peripheral surface in the processing fiber lifting section 20C. The device may comprise a pair of gear-grooved rollers that have gear grooves that engage with each other on their peripheral surfaces, rollers to which knurling is applied, rollers to which welding is applied, or carded wire, instead of rollers 31 and 34 sec protrusions. The roller may be a material that has frictional resistance, for example, rubber rollers or abrasive rollers, on which rubber or abrasive paper is provided on their peripheral surface. In addition, the formation of laminate 6 of the composite sheet 1A in the layering section 20A, the weaving section 20B, the fiber-lifting treatment in the fiber-lifting treatment section 20C, and the deformation processing in the processing section 20D providing an irregular three-dimensional geometric shape of the processing can be performed continuously or periodically.

[0076] The method of periodically operating the layering section in which the laminate 6 is formed of the composite sheet 1A, the implementation of the braiding section, the lifting fiber processing and deformation processing is specifically explained in detail using FIG. 9.

The production device 20 'shown in FIG. 9 is divided into the step of manufacturing the laminate 6 from the starting material (the pre-treatment base sheet) (FIG. 9 (a)), which includes a layering section 20A and a braiding section 20B, and a secondary processing (manufacturing) step (FIG. 9 (b) ), comprising a processing fiber lifting section 20C, an irregular geometric processing section 20D, a cooling section 20E and a subsequent roll forming step or a product receiving step. The step of manufacturing the starting material as shown in FIG. 9 (a) is a step in which an intermediate product is manufactured in an initial state of twisted matter, and productivity can be optimized and mass production can be realized by increasing the size of the device. In the secondary processing step, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), when using raw material that has slots equal to the width of the product, it is easy to reduce the fixing cost by miniaturizing the device and changing the model by changing the description of the sheet product. According to a method using the production device 20 'shown in FIG. 9, in which the step of manufacturing the starting material and the step of secondary processing (manufacturing) are carried out in-between, respectively, it is possible to reduce the effect on the stages located upstream, or the steps located downstream, when the production speed at the stage of manufacturing from the source material (Fig. 9 (a)) is quite different from the production speed at the secondary processing stage (Fig. 9 (b)), or when the place of manufacture is separated or problems arise. In the secondary processing step, the starting material can be wrapped once after the secondary treatment and then products can be manufactured or the product receiving step can be carried out continuously after the secondary processing.

[0077] The following is an explanation for a cleaning sheet of the present invention based on a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. The cleaning sheet 1B of the present embodiment has, as shown in FIG. 12 and 13, the base 3b supporting the fiber aggregate 12b and the fiber aggregate 2b, and the fibers forming the fiber aggregate 2b are woven together, and also with the base 3b, to thereby form a state in which the fiber aggregate 2b is woven together with base 3b. The base 3b is located inside the cleaning sheet 1B in the thickness direction and, as shown in FIG. 13, the upper and lower surfaces of the warp 3b are coated with fiber aggregates 2b. One surface 1ab and another surface 1bb in the opposite position of the cleaning sheet 1B are formed from fiber aggregates 2b. The cleaning sheet 1B is a dry cleaning sheet that is inadvertently impregnated with a liquid, such as an aqueous detergent.

[0078] The fiber aggregate 2b is a nonwoven fabric formed by weaving the fibers in a fibrous web predominantly formed by fibers. The fiber aggregate 2b in the present embodiment is formed by weaving a fibrous web in a stream of water, as described below, and it is a so-called hydro-woven non-woven fabric. The fiber aggregate 2b in the present embodiment has a higher degree of freedom of the composite fiber than the fiber aggregate formed only by melting or bonding the composite fibers (e.g., air-permeable non-woven fabric or Spunbond non-woven fabric), since it is formed only by weaving the composite fibers. For this reason, the gripping and holding properties of the composite fibers with respect to hair and debris such as fine dust are excellent, have soft tactile properties, the sheet easily repeats the surface to be cleaned, and it is difficult to damage the surface to be cleaned.

[0079] One of the main characteristics of the cleaning sheet 1B of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14 is the existence of fiber ends 21b of composite fibers with a length of 10 mm or more (which can also be referred to herein as the long end of the fiber) that extend beyond the straight line BLb connecting the contours of one surface 1ab of the cleaning sheet 1B (outside the cleaning sheet 1B or fiber aggregates 2b) in a side view of the cleaning sheet 1B. The length of the fiber end, respectively, is the length of the part (end part) protruding beyond the fiber aggregate 2b in the composite fiber, which can also be referred to as the “protrusion length of the fiber aggregate”. The long fiber end 21b, as described below, is a part in which the composite fiber is not cut by raising the fibers of the fiber aggregate 2b, is partially pulled from the fiber aggregate 2b, and it extends beyond the surface (contour) of the fiber aggregate 2b, and thus represents the end of the fiber of the original composite fiber (the end of the fiber before the fiber lifting treatment), but does not represent the cut end of the fiber formed by cutting the composite fiber. The end parts opposite the long fiber end 21b in the composite fibers having the long fiber ends 21b exist in the fiber aggregate 2b and are interwoven with the other composite fibers or with the base 3b. In the present embodiment, the reason that relatively long fiber ends 21b occur, having a protrusion length from the fiber aggregate 2b of 10 mm or more, is to borrow such a treatment-lifting fiber by pulling the composite fibers from the fiber aggregate. If fiber-lifting treatment is used using rollers that have a plurality of needles on their peripheral surface (backing rollers) as described in Patent Literatures 1 and 2, the plurality of composite fibers captured by the needles are not pulled, but cut as described in this patent literature, and thus, it is difficult to obtain a protrusion length of 10 mm or more. In FIG. 14, the long ends 21b of the fibers are pulled so that they protrude from one surface 1ab of the cleaning sheet 1B in a direction almost intersecting the surface 1ab and stand, but in fact, the long ends 21b of the fibers are not necessarily formed in the state shown in FIG. 14, before use. For example, there is a case in which they lie almost along the surface 1ab in a position outside the straight line BLb, or there is a case in which they go almost in the same direction without crimping, or they are in a convoluted state.

[0080] The straight line BLb, as described above, is a straight line that connects the contours of one surface (surface of the processing lifting fiber) 1ab of the cleaning sheet 1B. When the surface 1ab is a flat surface without protrusions and recesses, the line BLb coincides with the contour line of the flat surface, and also coincides with the bend line 90Lb (see Fig. 15), when the measured sample (cleaning sheet) has an outward fold in the length measurement method protrusion of the end of the fiber from the aggregate of fibers. When the surface 1ab, as shown in FIG. 12-14, is an uneven surface that has protrusions and recesses, the line BLb does not coincide with the contour line of the uneven surface, and a separate definition is necessary. In the present invention, when the surface 1ab is an uneven surface tangent to the upper part of the protrusion forming the protrusions and recesses, is defined as a straight line BLb, and when the heights of the plurality of protrusions forming the protrusions and recesses are tangential on the upper part of the protrusion having the highest height is defined as a straight line BLb. The straight line BLb can be determined by observing the side surface (or cross section along the thickness direction) of the cleaning sheet 1B using an optical microscope.

[0081] The cleaning sheet 1B has certain gripping and retention properties for hair and debris, such as dust, due to the existence of a surface (surface raising the processing fibers) 1ab that has long fiber ends 21b, trapping properties and holding debris the properties are further improved due to a protrusion length of 10 mm or more on the long fiber ends 21 b of the fiber aggregate 2 b, and excellent debris trapping properties and debris holding properties can be exerted not only in the case in which m the surface to be cleaned, such as the floor, is dry (or the garbage to be picked up is dry), but also in the case where the surface to be cleaned is wet, with water or the like (or the garbage to be picked up, is wet). When the protrusion length is less than 10 mm, the trapping property or the trash holding property is insufficient, and in particular when the surface to be cleaned or the trash is wet, the trapping properties or the trash holding properties are insufficient. In order to specifically exhibit such effects due to the long ends 21b of the fibers, the protrusion length of the long end 21b of the fiber is preferably 10 mm or more, and preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 25 mm or less. In more detail, the protrusion length is preferably from 10 to 30 mm, more preferably from 10 to 25 mm. When the protrusion length is too long, all composite fibers easily fall out of the fiber aggregate 2b, the long fiber ends 21b may not exist. The length of the protrusion of the end of the fiber from the aggregate of fibers is measured as follows.

[0082] <Method for measuring the length of a fiber end (length of a protrusion from an aggregate of fibers)>

In FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a method for measuring the length of a fiber end. From the sheet that has the surface of the processing fiber to be measured, a measured sample 90b 20 cm × 20 cm is cut out, and the measured sample 90b has an outward bend along a straight line bend 90Lb in the state of the outward side of the surface that lifts the processing fiber, it is laid on A4 black layered board 91b, while maintaining a fold out condition. In FIG. 15, the symbol 90Ab denotes one end portion of the measured sample 90b with a fold outward on the side of the laminated board 91b, and the symbol 90Bb represents the other end part of the measured sample 90b. The direction of the bend when the measurement sample 90b has an outward bend is not particularly limited, and it may be an MD (processing direction) of the measurement sample 90b or may be a CD (direction perpendicular to the processing direction) perpendicular to MD. The direction is usually MD. “Bending direction is MD” means that the measured sample 90b is folded so that the protruding direction from the bending line 90Lb coincides with the CD (direction perpendicular to MD). The double-sided tape 92b is inserted along the 90Lb fold line in an entire region ranging from the 90Lb fold line to 30 mm outward from the direction perpendicular to the 90Lb fold line (longitudinal direction of the laminate board 91b) in the laminate board 91b on which the measurement sample 90b is laid (so that the double-sided the tape 92b is not applied to the fold line 90Lb). The length L92b of the double-sided tape 92b in the direction along the fold line 90Lb is set to 10 cm. The rectangular area (part with a diagonal line in Fig. 15), in a top view that has an area of 10 cm ² , from the fold line 90Lb (side edge in the longitudinal direction on the side of the fold line 90Lb of the double-sided tape 92b) up to 10 mm inwardly in the longitudinal direction of the laminate board 91b in the sample 90b lying on the laminate board 91b is defined as the area to be measured 93b. The area to be measured 93b is brushed [brush No. 812 for general use manufactured by KOMERI Co., Ltd, the width of the brush (the width of the entire part where the hairs are located on the brush) 30 mm], and it is connected to the double-sided tape 92b in the state wherein the ends of the composite fiber fibers 94b of the measured sample 90b in the region to be measured 93b are drawn in a straight line in a direction perpendicular to the bend line 90Lb. In the region to be measured 93b, the brush is drawn in such a way that the brush is moved ten times in the direction perpendicular to the fold line 90Lb, from the inside to the outside (to the double-sided tape 92b) of the measured sample 90b, and the force applied to the area to be measurement 93b (displacement force) is adjusted in the range of 5 to 15 gf when carried out with a brush. The displacement force can be measured using weights, and it can be controlled based on the measured values. Thus, as shown in FIG. 15, a perpendicular line is shown for each end of the fiber 94b connected to the double-sided tape 92b in a state in which it is stretched in a direction perpendicular to the fold line 90Lb, the perpendicular line extends from the free end of the fiber 94b to the straight line BLb [straight line that connects the contours a surface lifting the processing fibers of the measured sample 90b in a side view of the measured sample 90b (cleaning sheet)]; and the length of the perpendicular line is determined by the length of the protrusion 10b from the fiber aggregate of the fiber end 94b (see FIG. 15). The straight line BLb is described above, and when the surface of the processing-lifting fiber of the measured sample 90b is a flat surface without protrusions and indentations, the straight line BLb coincides with the bend line 90. The length of the protrusion 10b of each end of the fiber 94b is measured in the procedures described above in arbitrary three points in the region to be measured 93b in each measured sample 90b, and the maximum value from the plurality of values 10b is defined as the length of the protrusion of the fiber end from the fiber aggregate in the measured sample 90b.

[0083] The number of long fiber ends 21b having a protrusion length from the fiber aggregate 2b of 10 mm or more is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 10 to 60 per 10 cm ^{2 of the} surface raising the processing fibers (for each rectangular region to be measured 93b in a plan view shown in Fig. 15) in some position on the surface raising the fibers of the processing 1ab in order to specifically enhance the trapping properties and the trapping properties. The number of long fiber ends in the cleaning sheet 1B, respectively, is preferably 10 or more. The number of long fiber ends corresponds to the number of fiber ends having a protrusion length 10b of 10 mm or more among the plurality of fiber ends 94b connected to the double-sided tape 92b in the protrusion length measurement method described above (see FIG. 15). In particular, the number of fiber ends 94b having a protrusion length 10b of 10 mm or more (i.e. long fiber ends) is counted at each of three arbitrary points in the region to be measured 93b, in each measured sample 90b, and its average value is determined as the number of long ends of the fibers in the measured sample 90b.

[0084] In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12 and 13, the cleaning sheet 1B, which has long fiber ends 21b, has a roughness comprising protrusions 11b and recesses 12b on one surface (surface raising the processing fibers) 1ab. More specifically, the cleaning sheet 1B has a surface 1ab and another surface 1bb that is located on its opposite side and has a plurality of protrusions 11b that are formed so that the protrusions protrude from the side of the other surface 1bb to the side of one surface 1ab. A recess 12b is formed between adjacent protrusions 11b and 11b, and the sheet has an uneven geometric shape formed from a plurality of protrusions 11b and recesses 12b. Roughness is provided on the surface of the sheet as described above, and thus debris can be caught and held by the unevenness itself. At the same time, in a fiber-lifting treatment of a sheet by contact of a treatment-lifting-fiber-roll roller with a sheet to undergo the processing-lifting-fiber in the treatment-lifting-fiber apparatus described below, uneven projections 11b more effectively come into contact with the peripheral surface of the -trending-processing-roller compared with the case in which the surface of the sheet is a flat surface without protrusions and indentations, and thus the composite fibers of the sheet are light to pull out of it, the long ends of the fibers 21b are easily and effects due to long ends 21b of the fibers, can be manifested more clearly.

[0085] In the present embodiment, the number of long fiber ends 21b is larger on the protrusion 11b than in the recess 12b. In more detail, the number of long fiber ends 21b having a protrusion length from the fiber aggregate 2b of 10 mm or more is relatively large in the upper part of the protrusion 11b and close to it, and relatively small in the lower part of the groove 12b and near it. In this regard, the length of the protrusion of the end of the fiber of the composite fiber from the aggregate 2b of fibers (the average value of the length of the protrusion for many ends of the fibers) in the upper part of the protrusion 11b and near it is greater than the length of the protrusion in the lower part of the recess 12b and near it. The reason that the protrusion 11b has longer fiber ends 21b than the recess 12b, and the length of the protrusion is of great importance, as indicated above, is that the protrusion 11b is more likely to be brought into contact with the roller of the fiber treatment processing, than the recess 12b, in a fiber-lifting treatment of an uneven surface comprising projections 11b and recesses 12b, as described above. The “upper part of the protrusion 11b and near it” described above corresponds to the “upper layer” when the height hb (see FIG. 13) of the protrusion 11b is divided into three equal parts and each part is called the “upper layer”, “middle layer” and “ the lower layer "from top to bottom, and the above-described" lower part of the recess 12b and near it "corresponds to the" lower layer ".

[0086] Since there are relatively many long fiber ends 21b on the protrusions 11b and the length of the protrusion of the fiber end of the recess 12b is relatively small, as described above, the functions of the protrusion 11b and the recess 12b are different from each other, whereby the surface of the cleaning sheet 1B (uneven surface) 1ab can generally capture and hold various pieces of debris efficiently. When the inventors carried out a cleaning test with various pieces of debris using a cleaning sheet that has an uneven surface, as shown in FIG. 12 and 13, the results show that the ratio of the number of sesame seeds that are used as debris particles held in the recesses to the amount on the protrusions is a recess: protrusion = about 5: 1 and thus a relatively large amount of sesame seed is held in the recesses , and on the other hand, hair that is used as fibrous debris is held almost uniformly throughout the sheet. From the above results, it can be assumed that the protrusions 11b, which have a relatively large number of long fiber ends 21b, capture pieces of garbage that have various geometric shapes, for example, in the form of fibers and particles, from the surface to be cleaned, and, at the same time, they are interwoven with fibrous debris among them with the participation of the long ends 21b of the fibers in order to preferably hold it; a recess 12b, having a relatively small number of long fiber ends 21b, predominantly capture debris particles from the debris trapped by the protrusions 11b; and the long ends 21b of the fibers extending from the adjacent protrusion 11b hold debris particles.

[0087] Many protrusions 11b have, as shown in FIG. 12, almost the same size and shape of the hill with a slightly increased width, and are formed regularly. The interval between adjacent protrusions 11b and 11b on the surface 1ab of the cleaning sheet 1B is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 2 mm or more, and preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 8 mm or less, in the sheet width direction (Y direction in FIG. 12, CD in sheet making). In more detail, the interval in the sheet width direction is preferably from 1 to 10 mm, more preferably from 2 to 8 mm. The interval in the longitudinal direction of the sheet (X direction in FIG. 12, MD in sheet manufacturing) is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, and preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 15 mm or less. In more detail, the interval in the longitudinal direction of the sheet is preferably from 3 to 20 mm, more preferably from 4 to 15 mm. The protrusion 11b may be partially connected to another protrusion in the width direction and / or the longitudinal direction of the sheet in order to form a continuous formation, and they also form a continuous formation on the entire sheet. When the protrusions 11b are formed at such intervals, it is possible to improve the softness of the cleaning sheet 1B, and also to prevent damage to the surface to be cleaned. In addition, the dust cleaning properties in grooves in a wooden floor or on an uneven surface are excellent, and the gripping and holding properties with respect to relatively large dust, such as bread crumbs, are also excellent. In addition, the three-dimensional geometric shape of the protrusions 11b becomes clean and the stability of the three-dimensional geometric shape is increased and thus, the unevenness becomes clean and it is difficult to crush the protrusions while using the sheet.

[0088] It is preferable that both sides of the cleaning sheet 1B have the same functions, and the geometrical shape of the protrusion 11b, and the spacing between the protrusions 11b on the other surface 1bb are almost the same as those on the surface (surface raising the processing fibers) 1ab. In particular, the total area of the protrusion 11b on the other surface 1bb is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 35% or more and preferably 100% or less of the entire area of the protrusion 11b on one surface 1ab. In more detail, the proportion is preferably from 20 to 100%, more preferably from 35 to 100%. Preferably, the protrusions 11b on the surface 1ab and the recesses 12b on the other surface 1bb of the cleaning sheet 1B are interconnected both front and back, in terms of trapping and holding properties. It is also preferred that the geometric shape of the protrusion 11b is the inverse geometric shape with respect to the geometric shape of the recess 12b.

[0089] The protrusions 11b and the recesses 12b are formed from the fiber aggregate 2b, and are only formed by interlacing the fibers forming the fiber aggregate 2b. For this structure, the protrusions 11b and depressions 12b are different from the protrusions and depressions that form by partially exposing the thermoplastic resin fibers to heat and pressure treatment, such as embossing, to melt them and have soft tactile properties. In addition, the degree of freedom of the composite fibers is high because they are in a state in which the composite fibers are not fused and exist independently, and hair and debris, such as fine dust, can be effectively captured by the entire surface of the sheet, thus receiving excellent exciting properties and holding properties.

[0090] The protrusions 11b and the recesses 12b, as described below, are formed by redistributing and reweaving the composite fibers by means of the hydroblending process to which the fiber aggregate 2b is subjected, and thus the protrusions 11b and the recesses 12b maintain their geometric shape independently. The protrusions 11b and the recesses 12b, respectively, hardly lose their strength under the action of loads. “Formed by redistributing and reweaving fibers” as used herein means that an aggregate of fibers that has been loosely woven by weaving in a water stream is woven in a water stream again on a patterning member that has a plurality of protrusions and recesses or a plurality of holes, whereby the fibers redistribute along recesses and protrusions and weave again. Due to the formation of the protrusions 11b and the recesses 12b, the apparent thickness of the cleaning sheet 1B becomes larger than the thickness of the fiber aggregate 2b in which the protrusions 11b and the recesses 12b have not yet been provided. The cleaning sheet 1B, which has protrusions 11b and recesses 12b with pronounced geometric-preserving properties, has excellent cleaning properties with respect to grooves and an uneven surface on the surface to be cleaned, and excellent gripping and retention properties with respect to debris such as bread crumbs.

[0091] As described above, when the fiber aggregate 2b is again weaved in a stream of water on the patterning element, the composite fibers located in the recesses of the patterning element, i.e. the composite fibers located on the protrusions 11b of the cleaning sheet 1B draws a stream of water in the direction of the recesses of the pattern-forming element and, thus, the degree of plexus of the composite fibers is reduced compared to the sheet to form a pattern. On the other hand, the fibers located on the protrusions of the pattern-forming element, i.e. through the composite fibers located in the recesses 12b of the cleaning sheet 1B, the water flow beats in the direction of the protrusions of the pattern-forming element and, thus, the degree of interlacing of the composite fibers increases compared to the sheet before the pattern is formed. As a result, in the cleaning sheet 1B, the plexus structure of the composite fibers on the protrusions 11b is weaker than in the recesses 12b. For this structure, the cleaning properties with respect to grooves or uneven surfaces on the surface to be cleaned are excellent, and the gripping and holding properties with respect to debris such as bread crumbs are excellent, and furthermore hair and dust can be braided effectively. since the fibers forming the protrusions 11b, which have a relatively weak plexus, are brought into close contact with the floor surface. In addition, the fibers forming the recesses 12b have a relatively strong plexus, and thus, the loss of composite fibers during cleaning can be prevented.

[0092] When the plexus of the composite fibers on the protrusions 11b is weaker than in the recesses 12b, as indicated above, and the probability that the protrusions 11b come into contact with the roller lifting the processing fiber is greater than the probability in the recesses 12b when lifting fibers processing an uneven surface containing protrusions 11b and recesses 12b, as described above, part of the fibers forming the protrusion 11b (the upper part of the protrusion 11b and near it), easily pulled by a roller lifting the processing fiber, and many long ends 2 1b of fibers takes place on the protrusion 11b.

[0093] It is preferable that preferably 50 or more, more preferably 100 or more, and preferably 850 or less, more preferably 600 or less protrusions 11b on average within the surface 1ab 10 cm × 10 cm (surface of the lifting fiber processing) or other surface 1bb of cleaning sheet 1B on any surface of two. In more detail, preferably 50 to 850, more preferably 100 to 600 protrusions are formed. When the protrusions 11b partially extend in order to form a continuous formation, or form a continuous formation on the entire sheet in the width direction and / or longitudinal direction of the sheet, preferably on average 10 or more lines are formed, more preferably 20 or more lines, and preferably 50 or fewer lines, more preferably 40 or less protrusion lines within a length of 10 cm in the width direction and / or the longitudinal direction of the sheet. In more detail, preferably 10 to 50 lines are formed, more preferably 20 to 40 lines. When the number of protrusions 11b is adjusted within the above-described limits, the arrangement of the protrusions 11b and the recesses 12b is well balanced, and thus there is an additional improvement in the gripping properties and retention properties for small debris and an additional improvement in the gripping properties and retention properties for relatively large debris such as bread crumbs.

[0094] In the cleaning sheet 1B, as shown in FIG. 13, the apparent thickness [thickness between the uppermost part (provided that the long end 21b of the fiber is excluded) of the surface (surface raising the processing fibers) 1ab and the lowest part of the other surface 1bb] Tb is larger than the thickness of the fiber aggregate 2b itself [thickness between the lowest part of the base 3b and the uppermost part (provided that the long end 21b of the fiber is excluded) of the surface (surface raising the processing fibers) 1ab] tb, and thus the cleaning sheet is in a bulky state. The apparent thickness Tb of the cleaning sheet 1B itself is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 1.3 mm or more, and preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 4 mm or less. In more detail, preferably the thickness Tb is from 1 to 5 mm, more preferably from 1.3 to 4 mm, since sufficient spaces are formed in the cleaning sheet 1B to give bulkiness, and it can preferably be used as a cleaning sheet. The thickness tb of the fiber aggregate 2b itself depends on the mass of the fiber aggregate 2b and processing conditions and is preferably 0.2 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, and preferably 4 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less. In more detail, the thickness tb is preferably from 0.2 to 4 mm, more preferably from 0.5 to 3 mm. As shown in FIG. 13, the height hb of the protrusion 11b is preferably 0.2 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, and preferably 4 mm or less. In more detail, the height hb is preferably from 0.2 to 4 mm, more preferably from 0.5 to 4 mm. The apparent thickness Tb of the cleaning sheet 1B, the thickness tb of the fiber aggregate 2b itself, and the height hb of the protrusion 11b are measured in such a way that a load on an acrylic plate of 10 cm × 5 cm having a total weight of 30 g is placed on the cleaning sheet 1B, which has the aggregate 2b of fibers to be measured, a load of 30 gf / 50 cm ² = (59 Pa) is applied to the cleaning sheet 1B in the thickness direction, and a cross section of the cleaning sheet 1B is observed using an optical microscope while the above condition is maintained.

[0095] An aggregate of fiber 2b is further described. As described above, the fiber aggregate 2b in the present embodiment is a hydro-woven nonwoven fabric formed by weaving a fibrous web in a stream of water, and it is formed only by weaving the composite fibers, but the fiber aggregate in the present invention may partially contain parts formed by melting or compounds of composite fibers, provided that it contains a part formed by weaving composite fibers. However, in order to easily obtain raised fibers that have a raised portion length of 10 mm or more due to the lifting treatment fiber using the lifting treatment fiber roller, an aggregate of fibers having a high degree of freedom of composite fibers is preferred in the present invention; in particular, aggregates formed only by weaving composite fibers, such as hydro-woven nonwoven fabric, are preferably used. In addition to hydro-braided non-woven fabric, needle-punched non-woven fabric and knitting-pierced non-woven fabric are also preferably used as an aggregate of fibers in the present invention due to the high degree of freedom of the composite fibers. In particular, hydro-woven nonwoven fabric is preferred because of its excellent trapping properties with respect to debris.

[0096] Various fibers commonly used as a fiber forming a nonwoven fabric can be used as a fiber forming an aggregate of 2b fibers (long end 21b of a fiber), and examples thereof may include polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) ); polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT); synthetic fibers (thermoplastic fibers) made from a synthetic resin such as polyamide, including Nylon (registered trademark) and nylon 6; regenerated cellulose fibers, such as viscose, biodegradable fibers, such as polylactic acid, and the like. The composition of the fibers of the composite fiber can be a monofilament containing a resin of one type, or a conjugated fiber containing resins of two or more types, the melting points of which are different from each other. The conjugated fiber may include core-sheath conjugated fibers that have a shell portion formed from a relatively low melting point resin (low melting point resins) and a core portion formed from a relatively high melting point resin (high melting point resins) ; parallel conjugated fibers in which a resin with a low melting point and a resin with a high melting point are arranged in a line in a predetermined direction, and the like.

[0097] In the fiber aggregate 2b, the ratio of the number of composite fibers that have a fiber size (diameter) of 5 to 60 μm (which can also be referred to as a special fiber hereinafter) is preferably 50% by weight of all composite fibers or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, even more preferably 100% by mass, in terms of garbage-trapping properties and garbage-retaining properties. The special fiber has a lower limit of fiber size, preferably 8 μm, more preferably 10 μm, to reduce frictional resistance when the surface to be cleaned is wiped off. Its upper limit is preferably 45 μm, more preferably 40 μm, from the point of view of preventing the falling of fibers and exciting properties in the relation of small debris. When the fiber size of the fibers (special fibers described above) forming the aggregate 2b of fibers is in the range described above, the fiber size of the long end 21b of the fiber is in the range described above. The fiber size of the composite fiber is measured as follows:

[0098] <Method for measuring fiber size>

The size of arbitrary ten fibers (diameter) of the fiber to be measured (fiber forming the aggregate of fibers) is measured using a microscope, the average value for 10 measurement values is determined as the size of the fiber of the fiber. When an aggregate of fibers contains two or more types of fibers, the sizes of these fibers are different from the others, the size of an arbitrary 10 fibers for each fiber is measured according to the procedures described above, and the average of ten measurement values is determined as the fiber size of each fiber. When the cross-section of the fiber is not an ideal circle, but an ellipse or a flat structure (when the object to be measured is not an ideally round fiber), the equivalent diameter is simply obtained in accordance with the following method, and the diameter is defined as the size of the fiber for a non-ideal round fiber. Ten parts that are relatively thick and ten parts that are relatively thin are randomly selected from a non-perfectly round fiber, the fiber size (diameter) of each of the 20 parts is measured using a microscope, the square root of the product a, which is the average of ten thick parts, and b, which is the average of ten thin parts, is defined as the fiber size of a non-perfectly round fiber.

[0099] The length of the fibers forming the aggregate 2b of fibers is preferably 25 mm or more, more preferably 35 mm or more, and preferably 100 mm or less, more preferably 70 mm or less, in order to obtain a fiber end length (protrusion length of fiber aggregate 2b) 10 mm or more when the ends of the fibers of the composite fibers are pulled from the fiber aggregate 2b by a fiber lifting treatment described below and in order to maintain a strength sufficient for practical use as a cleaning fox that after the lifting fiber treatment. In more detail, the fiber length is preferably from 25 to 100 mm, more preferably from 35 to 70 mm. The fiber length is measured as follows: ten composite fibers are pulled from the fiber assembly to be measured, carefully checking that the composite fibers are not cut, the length of each elongated fiber is measured and their average value is determined as the fiber length of the fibers forming the fiber aggregate. When the elongated fibers are crimped, the length is measured in a state in which the fibers are elongated in a straight line.

[0100] The bulk of the fiber aggregate 2b is preferably 15 g / m ² or more, more preferably 20 g / m ² or more and preferably 100 g / m ² or less, more preferably 80 g / m ² or less. In more detail, the bulk is preferably from 15 to 100 g / m ² , more preferably from 20 to 80 g / m ² due to the fact that debris can be prevented from passing through the sheet 1B to its back side or that the hand holding the sheet 1B, will be stained when the cleaning sheet 1B is used, and the fibers forming the fiber aggregate 2b can be sufficiently weaved with each other, and the fiber aggregate 2b can be sufficiently weaved with the base 3b.

[0101] In the present embodiment, the base 3b comprises a mesh sheet with which the fibers forming the fiber aggregate 2b can be woven, and in particular as shown in FIG. 16, a mesh network 31 that has a plurality of holes 30b. Since the base 3b goes continuously in the direction of the top view of the cleaning sheet 1B, even if the fiber aggregate 2b has a low bulk and has a weak plexus and thus, the strength is not quite sufficient, a strength sufficient for practical use can be provided generally in the sheet a cleaning sheet 1B by using a mesh sheet as a base 3b. In order to stably carry out the drawing of the composite fibers during the fiber lifting treatment, it is preferable that the degree of freedom of the composite fibers is made as high as possible and the weaving of the composite fibers in the fiber aggregate 2b is weaker. In general, when the fiber weave is weak, the strength of the cleaning sheet 1B decreases, and it is difficult to provide strength sufficient for practical use. However, when a base 3b is used, sufficient strength can be provided in the cleaning sheet, and thus, even if the weave of the fiber aggregate 2b is weak, the strength of the cleaning sheet does not become so low that it is difficult to use the sheet. As a result, the fibers can be effectively pulled by the fiber lifting treatment without cutting the fibers, and a cleaning sheet 1B that has sufficient strength can be obtained.

[0102] Each size of the diameter of the wire L1b of the network 31 and the distance L2b between the wires are appropriately determined taking into account the weaving with the fiber aggregate 2b and the like. The wire diameter L1b corresponds to the thickness of the net 31b. The diameter of the wire L1b is preferably 50 μm or more, more preferably 100 μm or more, and preferably 600 μm or less, more preferably 400 μm or less. In more detail, the diameter of the wire L1b is preferably from 50 to 600 microns, more preferably from 100 to 400 microns. The distance L2b between the wires is preferably 2 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, and preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less. In more detail, the distance L2b is preferably from 2 to 30 mm, more preferably from 4 to 20 mm. The diameter of the wire L1b may partially differ from other parts and, in this case, the diameter of the wire relative to the thick part corresponds to the value described above. The distance L2b between the wires in the sheet width direction (Y direction in FIG. 16, CD in sheet manufacturing) may be equal to or different from that in the longitudinal direction of the sheet (X direction in FIG. 16, MD in sheet manufacturing).

[0103] The base (mesh sheet) in the present invention is not limited to the mesh network 31b, and may be, for example, a perforated film 32b that has a plurality of holes 30b, as shown in FIG. 17 (a) -17 (c). Therefore, the type of cellular sheet is not particularly limited provided that it is a base that has openings into which the fibers can pass and into which the fiber aggregate or the fibrous web that constitutes the material forming it can be embedded in a woven state. For example, loose woven fabric that has a relatively large space between threads, such as gauze; non-woven fabric or paper that has spaces between the fibers, allowing the application of a fibrous web on its one side or both sides and its incorporation in a woven state; various nonwovens or paper that have holes can be used as the base sheet 3b. In FIG. 16 and 17, the geometrical shape of the hole 30b in a plan view can be changed accordingly. For example, the geometric shape in the perforated film 32b may be a star shape (cross shape), as shown in FIG. 17 (a), or circle, as shown in FIG. 17 (b). In addition, as shown in FIG. 17 (c), the geometric shape may be a combination of holes 30b with several types of geometric shapes in a plan view (two-star shape and a circle in the state shown in the drawing).

[0104] The material forming the base 3b (mesh sheet) may include, for example, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene and polybutene; polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate; polyamide resins such as nylon 6 and nylon 66; acrylonitrile resins; vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride; vinylidene resins such as polyvinylidene chloride; regenerated cellulose fibers such as rayon; pulp materials, etc. In addition, you can also use modified products of the forming material, its alloys and mixtures.

[0105] The bulk of the base 3b (mesh sheet) is preferably 3 g / m ² or more, more preferably 4 g / m ² or more and preferably 60 g / m ² or less, more preferably 40 g / m ² or less. In more detail, the bulk is preferably from 3 to 60 g / m ² , more preferably from 4 to 40 g / m ² . The mass fraction of the base 3b in the entire cleaning sheet 1B is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 8% by mass or more, and preferably 70% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less. In more detail, the mass fraction is preferably from 5 to 70% by weight, more preferably from 8 to 60% by weight.

[0106] The sheet extension for the base 3b (mesh sheet) is preferably less than 40%, more preferably less than 20%, even more preferably less than 10%, in order to improve the adhering properties of the cleaning sheet 1B to the cleaning tool, in order in order to prevent deterioration in usability, such as falling out of the cleaning tool by lengthening the cleaning sheet 1B during cleaning, and in order to stably subject the lifting fiber cleaning sheet 1B to the treatment.

[0107] The bulk of the cleaning sheet 1B is preferably 35 g / m ² or more, more preferably 45 g / m ² or more and preferably 150 g / m ² or less, more preferably 100 g / m ² or less. In more detail, the bulk is preferably from 35 to 150 g / m ² , more preferably from 45 to 100 g / m ² , to provide the feeling of a suitable density of the cleaning sheet 1B and to improve suitability for processing.

[0108] The cleaning sheet 1B has a plexus coefficient expressed by the initial gradient of the stress-strain curve in the vertical direction relative to the orientation of the fibers in the fiber aggregate 2b forming the cleaning sheet 1B, preferably 0.05 N × m / g or more, more preferably 0.2 N × m / g or more and more preferably 2 N × m / g or less, more preferably 1.2 N × m / g or less. In more detail, the plexus coefficient is preferably from 0.05 to 2 N × m / g, more preferably from 0.2 to 1.2 N × m / g, since a sufficient plexus can be made and a degree of freedom of fibers sufficient to grip can be obtained garbage. We can say that the weaker the plexus between the fibers, the lower the plexus coefficient. The stress indicates the value obtained by dividing the tensile load by the retained width (the width of the specimen where tensile strength is measured), and a bulk like non-woven fabric of the fiber aggregate 2b and stress indicate elongation. The degree of plexus between the fibers mainly depends on the plexus energy that is applied to the fibrous web during plexus processing. For example, when weaving in a stream of water (needle-punched with water), the weaving energy added to the fiber web can be controlled by conditions such as fiber type, bulk of the fiber web, number of water-jet nozzles and the water pressure in them, and linear speed.

[0109] Next, one example of a method for manufacturing a cleaning sheet 1B of the present embodiment is explained with reference to FIG. 18 and FIG. 19. A method of manufacturing a cleaning sheet 1B of the present embodiment includes a layering step in which the upper layer fiber sheet 4ab and the lower layer fiber sheet 4bb are applied to both surfaces of the substrate 3b (network 31b) in order to form the layered product 5b; a weaving step in which the composite fibers on the fibrous webs 4ab and 4b in the layered product 5b are woven together to form aggregates of fibers 2b and, at the same time, the composite fibers are woven with the warp 3b by weaving in a water stream to form a composite 6b, in which two components are integrated; the stage of providing unevenness in which the composite 6b is transferred to a patterning element that has a plurality of protrusions and recesses, and a part of the fiber aggregate 2b is pressed into the recesses in order to provide a plurality of protrusions 11b (see Fig. 12 and Fig. 13) corresponding to the recesses on composite 6b, thereby obtaining an uneven composite 7b; a drying step in which the uneven composite 7b is dried; and a fiber-lifting step in which the uneven composite 7b is subjected to a fiber-lifting treatment, the steps are carried out in that order. The arrow indicated by X in FIG. 18, and the arrow indicated by V1b in FIG. 19, show MD (processing direction) during the manufacture of the cleaning sheet 1B.

[0110] The manufacturing device 50b comprises, as shown in FIG. 18, a layering section 50Ab and a weaving section 50Bb, and providing a roughness section 50Cb. The layering section 50Ab comprises carding machines 51Ab and 51Bb, which respectively manufacture the fibrous webs 4ab and 4bb, the eject rollers 52b and 52b for the fibrous webs 4ab and 4bb and the eject roller 54b for the warp 3b (network 31b), which is in a roll state. The braiding section 50Bb comprises a web-supporting tape 55b formed from an endless tape and a first water-jet nozzle 56b. The roughness-providing section 50Cb comprises a pattern-forming member 57b formed from an endless belt and a second water-jet nozzle 58b. The patterning member 57b is rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 18. The patterning element 57b is liquid permeable and has a plurality of protrusions and recesses on its surface.

[0111] The manufacturing device 50b also comprises, as shown in FIG. 19, a 50Db processing fiber lifting section. The 50Db processing fiber lifting section is a section in which the fibers forming the uneven composite 7b that has passed through the unevenness stage are lifted, and the manufacturing device 50b of the present embodiment comprises a processing fiber lifting roller 60b that has a plurality of protrusions 60Ab at its peripheral surface. The treatment fiber lifting roller 60b is cylindrical and made of metal, such as aluminum alloy or steel. The fiber-lifting roller of the treatment 60b is rotated by transmitting a driving force to the axis of rotation from the drive means (not shown). The rotation speed (peripheral speed V2b) of the roller of the lifting fiber processing 60b is controlled by a control section (not shown in the drawing) provided in the manufacturing device 50b. Here, the peripheral speed V2b of the roller of the lifting fiber of the treatment 60b refers to the speed at the surface of the roller of the lifting fiber of the processing 60b. The lift height of the raised fiber (the height of the standing long end of the fiber 21b) and the number of raised fibers (the number of long fiber ends) can be adjusted by controlling the peripheral speed V2b of the roller of the lifting fiber processing 60b.

[0112] Each protrusion 60Ab on the peripheral surface of the roller of the lifting fiber processing 60b has a height that is from the peripheral surface to the top (tip of the tip) of the protrusion 60Ab is preferably 0.01 mm or more and preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or smaller. In more detail, the height is preferably from 0.01 to 5 mm, more preferably from 0.01 to 2 mm. The distance (pitch) between the protrusions 60Ab adjacent in the circumferential direction and the distance (pitch) between the protrusions 60Ab adjacent in the direction of the axis of rotation are preferably 0.01 mm or more and preferably 60 mm or less, more preferably 5 mm or less. In more detail, the distances are preferably from 0.01 to 60 mm, more preferably from 0.01 to 5 mm. Preferably, the number of projections 60Ab per unit area is from 50 to 5000 / cm ² , since it is possible to effectively lift the fiber. The geometric shape of the upper portion of the protrusion 60Ab in a plan view is not particularly limited, and examples thereof may include a circle, ellipse, polygon, and the like. The tip area of the upper portion of the protrusion 60Ab is preferably 0.001 mm ² and preferably 10 mm ² or less, more preferably 1 mm ² or less, to improve the ease of gripping of the fibers and to effect the effective lifting of the fibers. In more detail, the area is preferably from 0.001 to 10 mm ² , more preferably from 0.001 to 1 mm ² . A roller that has an uneven surface containing such protrusions 60Ab may comprise, in addition to an embossing roller having a small uneven pattern on its peripheral surface, a roller that has abrasive paper wrapped around the peripheral surface, a roller having a peripheral surface to which is used to provide uneven processing by means of a sand jet (roller after sandblasting), etc.

[0113] The lifting fiber section of the processing 50Db contains, as shown in FIG. 19, the carrier rollers 61b and 62b, which are provided on the inlet side and the outlet side of the roller of the processing lifting fiber 60b, respectively, and carry an object to pass the lifting processing fiber (uneven composite 7b). The transfer rate V1b of the uneven composite 7b is controlled by a control section (not shown in the drawing) provided in the manufacturing device 50b. Here, the transfer rate V1b of the uneven composite 7b refers to the speed on the surface of the uneven composite 7b supplied to the roller of the fiber-lifting treatment 60b.

[0114] In order to more efficiently lift the fibers forming the uneven composite 7b, as shown in FIG. 19, it is preferable that the position of the carrier roller 61b located on the discharge side of the roller of the lifting fiber of the processing 60b is set higher than the position of the roller of the lifting fiber of the processing 60b. In more detail, the uneven composite 7b is brought into contact with the contact surface (peripheral surface) of the roll of the lifting fiber of the treatment 60b at an angle of bending α, preferably 10 ° or more, more preferably 30 ° or more, and preferably 180 ° or less, more preferably 120 ° or less . In more detail, the composite 7b is brought into contact at a bending angle of preferably from 10 to 180 °, more preferably from 30 to 120 °.

[0115] In the manufacturing device 50b of the cleaning sheet 1B having such a structure, first, as shown in FIG. 18, the fibrous webs 4ab and 4bb are continuously discharged from the carding machines 51Ab and 51Bb to the layering section 50Ab through the discharge rollers 52b and 52b, respectively, and simultaneously the web 3b (net 31b) is fed from the discharge roller 54b. Then, the fibrous webs 4ab and 4bb are layered on both surfaces of the network 31b through the discharge rollers 52b and 52b in order to form a layered product 5b (layering step).

[0116] Then, in the weaving section 50Bb, as shown in FIG. 18, the layered product 5b is braided using a high pressure jet of water supplied from the first water jet nozzle 56b, while it is moved and transferred onto the supporting web 55b (weaving step). Thus, the composite fibers of the fibrous webs 4ab and 4bb in the layered product 5b are woven together to form an aggregate 2b of fibers and simultaneously the composite fibers are woven with a warp 3b, thereby producing a composite 6b in which three components are woven.

[0117] Then, in the roughness providing section 50Cb, as shown in FIG. 18, pressure is applied to the composite 6b by means of a high-pressure jet of water supplied from the second water-jet nozzle 58b, while it is transferred and transferred to the pattern-forming element 57b (uneven stage). At this time, parts of the composite 6b located in the recesses of the pattern-forming element 57b are pressurized and the parts are pressed into the recesses under pressure. As a result, the parts under pressure turn into recesses 12b corresponding to the recesses (see Fig. 12 and Fig. 13). On the other hand, the parts of the composite 6b located on the protrusions of the patterning element 57b are not pressed, but are turned into protrusions 11b. Thus, many protrusions 11b and recesses 12b are formed on the composite 6b to form an uneven composite 7b in which an uneven geometric shape is provided throughout the composite 6b. A plurality of protrusions 11b and recesses 12b are formed on an uneven composite 7b, but the network 31b, which is the base 3b, does not have an uneven geometric shape. The geometrical shape of the protrusion 11b on the uneven composite 7b is determined according to the type of pattern-forming element 57b or the plexus energy applied to the fiber aggregate, which is generated by the high-pressure jet of water, in the weaving section 50Bb and providing the unevenness of the section 50Cb. This plexus energy is controlled by means of conditions such as the geometric shape of the nozzle at the water jet nozzle, nozzle pitch, water pressure, number of nozzles, and linear velocity. The step of providing a roughness is a stage in which a jet stream of high pressure water is supplied to the fiber aggregate (fibrous web) and the base as a braiding step, and thus their braiding can sometimes also be carried out at the roughing step, and the braiding is not necessary complete at the plexus stage.

[0118] Thus, the resulting uneven composite 7b is transferred to a heating device (not shown) by the carrier tape 29b, and the composite is subjected to heat treatment such as blowing with hot air to dry it (drying step). As in the subsequent fiber-raising step, one surface 1ab ′ (see FIG. 19) of the uneven composite 7b is subjected to a fiber-lifting treatment, and it is desirable not to affect the substrate 3b from a surface 1ab ′ which has not yet been treated with the fiber-lifting.

[0119] Then, in the fiber lifting section of the processing 50Db, as shown in FIG. 19, the uneven composite 7b is transferred to the peripheral surface of the roll of the lifting fiber of the treatment 60b in the Y direction by the carrier rollers 61b and 62b, and the surface 1ab 'of the uneven composite 7b is subjected to the lifting of the fiber by small protrusions and recesses of the peripheral surface (fiber lifting stage). In the 50Db processing fiber lifting section, the uneven composite 7b is transferred while it is brought into contact with the peripheral surface of the lifting fiber of the processing 60b, whereby the fibers forming the uneven composite 7b are interlaced with the protrusions 60Ab forming small protrusions and depressions on the peripheral surface, and composite fibers woven with protrusions are partially pulled from the uneven composite 7b, i.e. the composite fibers are not fully stretched (not removed from the uneven composite 7b), as a result, the ends of the fibers of the composite fibers protrude from the surface 1ab 'of the uneven composite 7b and form many long ends 21b of the fibers containing the ends of the fibers (see Fig. 14). The end parts of the composite fiber, located on the opposite side from the ends of the fibers (long ends 21b of the fibers), still remain in the uneven composite 7b. Many protrusions 60Ab on the peripheral surface of the roller of the lifting fiber processing 60b have a shorter length of the protrusion from the peripheral surface and a large number of protrusions per unit area compared to the plurality of needles on the peripheral surface of the support nap roller described in patent literature 1 and 2, and thus , it is difficult to cut the woven composite fiber during fiber-lifting processing of the fiber aggregate (non-woven fabric), and the composite fibers are easily partially pulled from the fiber aggregate, without cutting the composite suspended fibers. In the fiber lifting section of the 50Db treatment, in order to facilitate drawing of the composite fibers, and to efficiently form the long ends 21b of the fibers, as shown in FIG. 19, preferably the roller of the fiber-lifting treatment 60b is rotated in the direction of rotation opposite to the transport direction of the uneven composite 7b. Thus, it is possible to obtain a cleaning sheet 1B that has a surface of the lifting fiber of the processing 1ab on which many long fiber ends 21b are formed having a protrusion length from the fiber aggregate 2b of 10 mm or more.

[0120] The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, in the cleaning sheet 1B, the other surface 1bb located on the opposite side of the surface 1ab may also be a surface of a fiber processing treatment that has long fiber ends 21b, not limited to one surface 1ab. When both sides 1ab and 1bb of the cleaning sheet 1B are surface treatment fiber, as described above, the manufacturing device 50b may have two treatment fiber lifting sections that have the same structure as the treatment fiber lifting section 50Db shown in FIG. 19, in MD (transfer direction of the uneven composite 7b), and they can be formed so that both sheet surfaces are sequentially subjected to a lifting fiber treatment by sequentially passing the uneven composite 7b through sections of the processing lifting fiber. Alternatively, the structure of the manufacturing device 50b is not changed, and the uneven composite 7b is inverted using one section of the lifting fiber of the 50Db treatment, whereby the two surfaces can subsequently be subjected to the lifting fiber processing.

[0121] In the embodiment described above, in the plexus step, the interlacing treatment is performed by applying a jet of high pressure water to one surface of the layered product 5b, but the interlacing processing can be done by applying a jet of water to both surfaces of the layered product 5b simultaneously or sequentially. In addition, the surface 1ab of the cleaning sheet 1B having the long fiber ends 21b may not be uneven.

[0122] In view of the embodiment described above, the following composite sheets, methods for their manufacture, and cleaning sheets are further disclosed.

[0123]

<1> A composite sheet that contains a fiber-like aggregate and a cellular sheet or thermally bonded non-woven fabric as a frame material, a fiber aggregate is integrated on one or both sides of the cellular sheet or thermally bonded non-woven fabric in a state in which the fibers forming the fiber aggregate weave with each other and with frame material,

the composite sheet is given a three-dimensional uneven geometric shape so as to have a plurality of protrusions and recesses,

the composite fibers of the fiber aggregate are lifted from the surfaces of the protrusions and recesses, and

the ratio of the number of composite fibers that are raised from the surfaces of the recesses and have a height of 1 mm or more, to the number of composite fibers that are raised from the surfaces of the recesses and have a height of 0.1 mm or more, is 25% or more.

[0124]

<2> A composite sheet according to the above <1>, where the height of the raised composite fibers from the surfaces of the recesses is greater than the height of the raised composite fibers from the surfaces of the protrusions.

<3> A composite sheet according to the above <1> or <2>, where the height of the raised composite fiber in the recess is from 0.5 to 30 mm and the number of raised composite fibers in the recess is from 5 to 80 fibers / 10 mm of width .

<4> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <1> - <3>, where the material forming the frame material has the lowest melting temperature among the materials of the fibers forming the composite sheet.

<5> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <1> - <4>, where an aggregate of fibers is formed by mixing composite fibers of two or more types, the diameters of which differ from the others by half or more.

<6> A composite sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs <1> - <5>, which is used for the cleaning sheet.

<7> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <1> - <6>, where the composite sheet has 50 or more or 100 or more protrusions within a square of 10 cm × 10 cm or 850 or less or 600 or less protrusions within a square of 10 cm × 10 cm or 50 to 850 or 100 to 600 protrusions within a 10 cm × 10 cm square.

<8> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <1> - <7>, where the raised composite fibers contain the raised fibers in a state in which the end of the fiber protrudes and the loop-like fibers are raised.

<9> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <1> - <8>, where the ratio (h3 / h2) of the height (h3) of the raised composite fibers in the recesses to the height (h2) of the raised composite fibers on the protrusions is 1 or more, 3 or less, 2 or less, from 1 to 3 or 1 to 2.

<10> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <1> - <9>, where the height (h2) of the raised composite fibers on the protrusions is 0.5 mm or more, 1 mm or more, 30 mm or less, 20 mm or less, from 0.5 to 30 mm or 1 to 20 mm.

<11> A composite sheet according to any one of the above. p. <1> - <10>, where the number of raised composite fibers on the protrusion is 5 or more fibers / 10 mm wide, 10 or more fibers / 10 mm wide, 80 or less fibers / 10 mm wide, 50 or less fibers / 10 mm width, from 5 to 80 fibers / 10 mm of width or from 10 to 50 fibers / 10 mm of width.

[0125]

<12> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <3> - <11>, where the height (h3) of the raised composite fibers in the recesses is 0.5 mm or more, 1 mm or more, 30 mm or less, 20 mm or less, from 0.5 to 30 mm or 1 to 20 mm.

<13> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <3> - <12>, where the number of raised composite fibers in the recesses is 5 or more fibers / 10 mm wide, 10 or more fibers / 10 mm wide, 80 or less fibers / 10 mm wide, 50 or less fibers / 10 mm width, from 5 to 80 fibers / 10 mm of width or from 10 to 50 fibers / 10 mm of width.

<14> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <1> - <13>, where the ratio of the raised composite fibers in the recesses having a lifting height of 1 mm or more to the raised composite fibers in the recesses is 30% or more, 40% or more, 95% or less, from 30 to 95 % or from 40 to 95%.

<15> A composite sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs <1> - <14>, where the ratio of the raised composite fibers on the protrusions having a lifting height of 1 mm or more to the raised composite fibers on the protrusions is 20% or more, 40% or more, 90% or less, preferably 80% or less, from 20 to 90% or from 40 to 80%.

<16> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <8> - <15>, where the ratio of loop-shaped raised fibers to raised composite fibers is 2% or more, 5% or more, 70% or less, 50% or less, 2 to 70% or 5 to 50%.

<17> A composite sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs <1> - <16>, where the thickness of the composite sheet is from 0.5 to 7.0 mm at a load of 0.3 kPa or from 1.0 to 4.0 mm at a load of 0.3 kPa.

<18> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <1> - <17>, where the frame material is a cellular sheet and the cellular sheet is a network of resin, which give a generally cellular geometric shape.

<19> A composite sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs <1> - <17>, where the carcass material is thermally bonded non-woven fabric, and the thermally bonded non-woven fabric is air-permeable non-woven fabric, Spunbond non-woven fabric or Pointbond non-woven fabric.

<20> A composite sheet according to any one of the above clauses <1> - <19>, where in the fiber aggregate, the ratio of a composite fiber having a fiber diameter of 20 to 60 μm to all composite fibers is from 10 to 90% by weight, or from 30 to 70% by weight.

[0126]

<21> A method of manufacturing a composite sheet according to claim 1, which includes:

the implementation of the lifting fiber processing, which raise the composite fibers of the composite sheet; and then

the implementation of providing irregular geometric shape of the processing of many parts of the composite sheet, which were subjected to lifting fiber processing to form on the composite sheet to form many protrusions and recesses.

[0127]

<22> A method of manufacturing a composite sheet according to the above p. <21>, where

the fiber lifting treatment is carried out using a protrusion roller that has a plurality of protrusions on its peripheral surface, and

the composite sheet is fed onto a roller with protrusions and the fibers that form the fiber aggregate, which forms the composite sheet, are lifted.

<23> A method of manufacturing a composite sheet according to the above p. <21> or <22>, where

providing uneven geometric shape processing is carried out using a pair of unequal rollers,

one roller of unequal rollers has many protrusions on its peripheral surface, and another roller of unequal rollers has many recesses into which protrusions of the first roller are inserted at locations corresponding to the protrusions of the first roller on its peripheral surface, and

a composite sheet that has been treated with a lifting fiber is fed between a pair of unequal rollers, and uneven geometric shapes are provided in many parts of the composite sheet that has been treated with a lifting fiber.

<24> A method of manufacturing a composite sheet according to the above p. <22> or <23>, where

the fibrous web is layered on at least one surface of the frame material,

the layered product is braided in a stream of water, whereby the fibers forming the layered product are braided with each other in order to form an aggregate of fibers, and at the same time, the composite fibers are braided with a carcass material in order to integrate the three components.

<25> A method of manufacturing a composite sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <22> - <24> where

a first roller with protrusions and a second roller with protrusions are used as a roller with protrusions,

the first roller with protrusions is located on the inlet side of the second roller with protrusions,

the first roller with protrusions is rotated in the opposite direction to the transfer direction of the fiber aggregate, and

the ratio V3 / V2 of the peripheral speed V3 of the first roller with protrusions to the peripheral speed V4 of the second roller with protrusions is adjusted to a value from 0.3 to 20, V3> V2, values from 1.1 to 15, or values from 1.5 to 12.

<26> A method of manufacturing a composite sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <22> - <24> where

a first roller with protrusions and a second roller with protrusions are provided as a roller with protrusions,

the first roller with protrusions is located on the inlet side of the second roller with protrusions,

the first roller with protrusions is rotated in a direction aligned with the direction of transfer of the fiber aggregate, and

the ratio V3 / V2 of the peripheral speed V3 of the first roller with protrusions to the peripheral speed V4 of the second roller with protrusions is adjusted to a value from 1.1 to 20, from 1.5 to 10, or from 2 to 8.

<27> A method of manufacturing a composite sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <21> - <26> where

providing the form processing is carried out at a temperature equal to the softening temperature of the thermoplastic resin forming the frame material, or above it, or at a temperature equal to the melting temperature of the thermoplastic resin, or above it.

[0128]

<28> A cleaning sheet that contains a fiber aggregate and a base supporting the fiber aggregate, the composite fibers of the fiber aggregate are woven with each other and with the base, thereby forming a state in which the fiber aggregate is woven together with the base, where

there are fiber ends on composite fibers that are 10 mm or more long, which are formed by a lifting fiber treatment, outside of a straight line connecting the contours of one surface of the cleaning sheet in a side view of the cleaning sheet.

[0129]

<29> The cleaning sheet according to <28> above, where 10 or more fiber ends per 10 cm ^{2 of the} surface of the cleaning sheet occur.

<30> A cleaning sheet according to the above p. <28> or <29>, where the fiber aggregate is formed by a hydrospinning process.

<31> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <28> - <30>, where one surface of the cleaning sheet has an unevenness that has protrusions and recesses.

<32> A cleaning sheet according to <31> above, where the protrusion has more fiber ends than a recess.

<33> A cleaning sheet according to the above <30> or <31>, where the protrusions and depressions are formed by the hydrospinning method to which the fiber aggregate is subjected.

<34> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <28> - <33>, where the ends of the fibers have a protrusion length of 10 to 30 mm or 10 to 25 mm.

<35> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <29> - <34>, where there are from 10 to 60 ends of the fibers per 10 cm ^{2 of the} surface of the cleaning sheet.

<36> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <31> - <35>, where the length of the protrusion of the ends of the fibers in the apical parts of the protrusions and near them (the average value of the lengths of the protrusions of the many ends of the fibers) is greater than the length of the protrusions of the ends of the fibers of the lower parts of the recesses and near them.

<37> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <31> - <36>, where on the protrusions there are relatively many ends of the fibers compared to the recesses.

<38> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <31> - <37>, where the interval between adjacent protrusions is 1 to 10 mm or 2 to 8 mm in the width direction of the cleaning sheet and is 3 to 20 mm or 4 to 15 mm in the longitudinal direction of the cleaning sheet.

<39> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <31> - <38>, where the protrusions on one surface of the cleaning sheet and the recesses on the other surface of the cleaning sheet are interconnected as the front and back sides.

[0130]

<40> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <28> - <39>, where the cleaning sheet has an apparent thickness of 1 to 5 mm or 1.3 to 4 mm.

<41> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <28> - <40>, where the base contains a mesh sheet.

<42> A cleaning sheet according to <41> above, where the mesh sheet includes a wire mesh that has many holes, a perforated film that has many holes, a loose woven fabric that has a relatively large space between the threads, non-woven fabric or paper that has spaces between the fibers, or nonwoven fabric or paper that has openings.

<43> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <28> - <42>, where the cleaning sheet has a plexus coefficient of 0.05 to 2 N × m / g or 0.2 to 1.2 N × m / g.

<44> A cleaning sheet according to any one of the above paragraphs. <28> - <43>, where the fiber ends of the composite fibers that have a length of 10 mm or more, formed by the lifting fiber processing, on another surface, located on the side opposite to one surface of the cleaning sheet.

EXAMPLE

[0131] The present invention is explained in more detail by way of examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0132] [Example 1] A composite sheet was prepared by the method of FIG. 4. A fibrous web that has a bulk of 53 g / m ² was prepared using a polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm; 100%) as a starting material according to a conventional carding method. A polypropylene wire mesh (the distance between the fibers is 8 mm and a wire diameter of 300 μm) was used as the mesh sheet, which was a frame. After the fibrous web was layered on the upper and lower sides of the cellular sheet, which was woven and integrated by means of a jet of water supplied from a plurality of nozzles, and then the resulting product was dried, thereby obtaining a laminate having fiber aggregates. Then, both surfaces of the laminate were subjected to a lifting fiber treatment using rollers with protrusions 31 and 34. The rollers with protrusions 31 and 34 were rotated in the opposite direction to the laminate transport direction, and each bend angle α was 130 °. The heights of the protrusions 310 and 340 on the rollers with the protrusions 31 and 34 are approximately 0.07 mm; the distance (pitch) between adjacent protrusions in the circumferential direction and the distance (pitch) between adjacent protrusions in the direction of the axis of rotation were approximately 0.22 mm each; and the number of protrusions per unit area was 2000 protrusions / cm ² . Then, the laminate was passed through an embossing roller 43, which is compatible with the gap, in order to perform machining providing an uneven geometric shape (deformation). Roller 41 and roller 42 had a surface temperature of 105 ° C. Each protrusion 410 on the roller 41 had a height of 2.0 mm, and the plexus depth between each protrusion 410 on the roller 41 and each recess 420 on the roller 42 was 1.6 mm. In addition, the distance (pitch) between adjacent protrusions 410 in the direction of the axis of rotation was 7 mm, and the distance (pitch) between adjacent protrusions 410 in the circumferential direction was 7 mm. The composite sheet of Example 1 was made under the conditions described above.

[0133] [Example 2] The composite sheet of Example 2 was made in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm / 9.0 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm: 70% / 30%) was used as the starting material of the fibrous web.

[0134] [Example 3] The composite sheet from example 3 was made in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm / 9.0 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm: 50% / 50%) was used as the starting material of the fibrous web.

[0135] [Example 4] The composite sheet from example 4 was made in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm / 17.0 dtex with a fiber length of 51 mm: 70% / 30%) was used as the starting material of the fibrous web.

[0136] [Example 5] The composite sheet of Example 5 was made in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm / 17.0 dtex with a fiber length of 51 mm: 50% / 50%) was used as the starting material of the fibrous web.

[0137] [Comparative example 1] A fibrous web having a bulk of 53 g / m ² was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm: 100%) as starting material according to the usual method of scratching. A polypropylene wire mesh (the distance between the fibers is 8 mm, a wire diameter of 300 μm) was used as a wire mesh sheet, which was a framework, as in Example 1. After that, the fiber web was layered on the upper and lower sides of the wire mesh, which were woven and integrated by means of a jet stream water supplied from a plurality of nozzles, and then the resulting product is dried, thereby obtaining a laminate having fiber aggregates, in the same manner as in Example 1. Then, the fiber-lifting step was carried out under conditions as in Example 1 except that provides an uneven three-dimensional shape (deformation) is not carried out the processing, thereby obtaining a composite sheet of Comparative Example 1.

[0138] [Comparative example 2] A fibrous web having a bulk of 53 g / m ² was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm: 100%) as starting material according to the usual method of scratching. A polypropylene wire mesh (the distance between the fibers is 8 mm, a wire diameter of 300 μm) was used as a wire mesh sheet, which was a framework, as in Example 1. After that, the fiber web was layered on the upper and lower sides of the wire mesh, which were woven and integrated by means of a jet stream water supplied from a plurality of nozzles, and then the resulting product is dried, thereby obtaining a laminate having fiber aggregates, in the same manner as in Example 1. Then only providing an uneven three ernuyu shape (deformation) method under the same conditions as in Example 1, without performing the lifting step fiber, thereby yielding a composite sheet of Comparative Example 2.

[0139] [Comparative example 3] A fibrous web having a bulk of 53 g / m ² was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm: 100%) as starting material according to the usual method of scratching. A polypropylene wire mesh (the distance between the fibers is 8 mm, a wire diameter of 300 μm) was used as a wire mesh sheet, which was a framework, as in Example 1. After that, the fiber web was layered on the upper and lower sides of the wire mesh, which were woven and integrated by means of a jet stream water supplied from a plurality of nozzles, and then the resulting product is dried, thereby obtaining a laminate having fiber aggregates, in the same manner as in Example 1. In comparative example 3, the fiber-lifting step and o providing uneven three-dimensional shape (deformation) processing was carried out in the opposite order relative to the order in example 1; those. the laminate was subjected to an irregular three-dimensional shape (deformation) treatment under the same conditions as in example 1, and then both of its surfaces were subjected to a lifting fiber treatment using abrasive paper No. 1200, thereby obtaining a composite sheet from comparative example 3.

[0140] [Comparative example 4] A fibrous web having a bulk of 53 g / m ² was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm: 100%) as starting material according to the usual method of scratching. A polypropylene wire mesh (the distance between the fibers is 8 mm, a wire diameter of 300 μm) was used as a wire mesh sheet, which was a framework, as in Example 1. After that, the fiber web was layered on the upper and lower sides of the wire mesh, which were woven and integrated by means of a jet stream water supplied from a plurality of nozzles, and then the resulting product is dried, thereby obtaining a laminate having fiber aggregates, in the same manner as in Example 1. A weak plexus of fibers was performed by reducing pressure water jet streams of water or the like. The fiber-raising step and providing an irregular three-dimensional shape (deformation) were not processed, thereby obtaining a composite sheet from comparative example 4.

[0141] [Comparative example 5] A fibrous web having a bulk of 53 g / m ² was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm: 100%) as starting material according to the usual method of scratching. A polypropylene wire mesh (the distance between the fibers is 8 mm, a wire diameter of 300 μm) was used as a wire mesh sheet, which was a framework, as in Example 1. After that, the fiber web was layered on the upper and lower sides of the wire mesh, which were woven and integrated by means of a jet stream water supplied from a plurality of nozzles, and then the resulting product is dried, thereby obtaining a laminate having aggregates of fibers, in the same manner as in example 1. Weaving the fibers by means of a jet of water wasp They were, as in the examples. The fiber-lifting step and providing an irregular three-dimensional shape (deformation) were not processed as in comparative example 4, thereby obtaining a composite sheet from comparative example 5.

[0142] [Comparative example 6] A fibrous web having a bulk of 53 g / m ² was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using polyester fiber (1.45 dtex with a fiber length of 38 mm: 100%) as starting material according to the usual method of scratching. A polypropylene wire mesh (the distance between the fibers is 8 mm, a wire diameter of 300 μm) was used as a wire mesh sheet, which was a framework, as in Example 1. After that, the fiber web was layered on the upper and lower sides of the wire mesh, which were woven and integrated by means of a jet stream water supplied from a plurality of nozzles, and then the resulting product is dried, thereby obtaining a laminate having fiber aggregates, in the same manner as in Example 1. Strong weaving of the fibers was carried out by means of higher Ia-pressure water jet streams of water or the like. As in example 4, the fiber-lifting step and providing an irregular three-dimensional shape (deformation) were not processed, thereby obtaining a composite sheet from comparative example 6.

[0143] [Property Evaluation] A thickness at a load of 40 Pa, 0.3 kPa and 0.7 kPa and a bulk were obtained for each composite sheet in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6, and the results are presented in Table 1.

The exciting properties were measured as described below, when each composite sheet of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-6 was used as a cleaning sheet.

[0144] [Hair capturing properties]

<Captivating hair properties on dry floor>

Each composite sheet of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6 was attached to a Quickle Wiper [manufactured by Kao Corporation]. Ten hairs with a length of approximately 10 cm were scattered on a wooden floor 30 cm × 90 cm (NEW Woody Super Z manufactured by Matsushita Electric Corporation), on which the head was placed, to which the composite sheet was attached, and one specific cleaning movement was performed back and forth (90 cm). After that, electricity was removed from the hair grabbing composite sheet using an SJ-R036 antistatic device (manufactured by KEYENCE Corporation) and the head was shaken 10 times, and then the number of hairs gripped by the composite sheet was measured. This operation was carried out three times repeatedly and measured how many hairs from 30 hairs were captured. The number of captured hairs was divided by 30, then multiplied by 100 and the resulting value was determined as the share of captured hair (%).

The capture fraction of hairs having a length of approximately 20 cm was calculated in a similar manner as described above.

[0145] [Hair capturing properties]

<Captivating hair properties on wet floors>

Each composite sheet of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6 was attached to a Quickle Wiper [manufactured by Kao Corporation]. 0.3 cm ^{3 of} ion exchange water was added dropwise to a 30 cm × 90 cm wood floor (NEW Woody Super Z manufactured by Matsushita Electric Corporation), and the water was smeared within the dimensions of the sponge head (approximately 10 cm × 25 cm) onto which ten hairs having a length of approximately 10 cm, and the hairs were adapted to the ion exchange water with a finger. The head part, to which the composite sheet was attached, was placed on it and a certain five times defined cleaning movement back and forth (90 cm) was carried out. After that, electricity was removed from the hair grabbing composite sheet using an SJ-R036 antistatic device (manufactured by KEYENCE Corporation) and the head was shaken 10 times, and then the number of hairs trapped in the composite sheet was measured. This operation was carried out three times repeatedly and measured how many hairs from 30 hairs were captured. The number of captured hairs was divided by 30, and then multiplied by 100 and the resulting value was determined as the share of captured hair (%).

The hair-absorbing properties of the sheet on a dry floor or wet floor were evaluated based on the following criteria:

A: Capture share of 80% or more, good hair capturing properties.

B: Captured fraction of 60% or more and less than 80%, and hair capturing properties sufficient for practical use.

C: Capture share of 40% or more and less than 60%, poor hair capturing properties.

D: the capture share is less than 40%, practical use with such breathtaking hair properties is not possible.

[0146]

[Trapping particle properties] Each composite sheet of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was attached to a Quickle Wiper [manufactured by Kao Corporation]. Ten sesame seeds, which were particles of debris, were scattered on a wooden floor 30 cm × 90 cm (NEW Woody Super Z manufactured by Matsushita Electric Corporation), on which the head was placed on which the composite sheet was attached, and one specific cleaning movement was made back - forward (90 cm). After that, the head part, to which the sesame seed grabbing composite sheet was shaken 10 times, and the number of sesame seeds trapped in the composite sheet was measured. This operation was carried out three times repeatedly and the number of sesame seeds from 30 sesame seeds was measured. The number of sesame seeds was divided by 30, and then multiplied by 100 and the resulting value was determined as the fraction of trapped particles of garbage (%).

Trash-trapping particle properties of the sheet were evaluated based on the following criteria:

A: Capturing fraction of 50% or more, good capturing particles of debris properties.

B: Capture fraction of 30% or more and less than 50%, trapping particles of debris properties sufficient for practical use.

C: capture fraction of 15% or more and less than 30%, poor trapping properties of garbage particles.

D: trap fraction less than 15%, practical use with such trash-trapping particle properties is not possible.

[0147]

[Table 1] Unit Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 5 Comparative Example 6 Stage of formation Lift Fiber → SM (Emboss with Aligned Clearance) Fiber lift only SM only SM →
Abrasive paper Plexus only (weak plexus) Plexus only (same level as in the examples) Plexus only (strong plexus) Fiber composition 1.45d 1.45d / 9d 1.45d / 17d 1.45d Share one hundred% 70% / 30% 50% / 50% 70% / 30% 50% / 50% one hundred% The bulk g / m ² 55,4 49.4 52.9 55.5 63,2 53.6 55,4 55.5 54,2 51.3 53.6 Thickness at a load of 40 Pa mm 2.20 2.13 2.24 2.20 2,53 1.39 2.12 2.41 1.01 1.09 1.28 300 Pa Thickness mm 1.47 1.37 1.42 1.46 1,63 0.81 1.41 1,56 0.76 0.69 0.86 Thickness at a load of 700 Pa mm 1.19 1.13 1.16 1.26 1.35 0.81 1.00 1.12 0.66 0.64 0.82 Dry floor, 10 cm trapped hair A A A A A A C A C D D Dry floor, the share of captured hair 20 cm B B B A A B D C D D D Wet floor, the proportion of trapped hair B A A A A A C C C D D Dry floor, fraction of trash particles B B A B A C C B D D D

[0148] In addition, the height (h2) of the raised composite fiber at the top of the protrusion, the height (h3) of the raised composite fiber at the bottom of the recess, and the ratio (h3 / h2) for each composite sheet of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1 -6 was obtained based on the "Method for measuring the height of the raised composite fibers", the results are presented in table 2. Composite sheets from comparative examples 1-4 to 6 were not subjected to an irregular three-dimensional shape (deformation) processing and, thus, the height of the raised composite fibers on top ited composite sheet was measured likewise.

For each composite sheet from examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-6, a fraction (%) of raised composite fibers of 0.1 mm or more and less than 1 mm, 1 mm or more and less than 3 mm, 3 mm or more was obtained less than 10 mm or 10 mm or more on the protrusions, based on the method described above. In addition, the proportion (%) of the composite fiber in the recesses was obtained in a similar way as the fraction near the protrusions, the results are presented in table 2. Each composite sheet from comparative examples 1 and 4-6 was not subjected to an uneven three-dimensional shape (deformation) processing and, thus Thus, the fraction of raised composite fibers on the surface of the composite sheet was measured in a similar manner.

In addition, the proportion of loop-like fibers on the protrusions or in the recesses of each composite sheet from examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-6 was measured based on the "method for measuring the proportion of loop-shaped fibers", the results are presented in table 2. Each composite sheet from comparative examples 1 and 4-6 were not subjected to an irregular three-dimensional shape (deformation) treatment, and thus, the proportion of loop-shaped raised composite fibers on the surface of the composite sheet was measured in a similar manner.

[0149]

[Table 2] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 5 Comparative Example 6 Providing uneven geometric shape Lift height (h2) on the ledge Distribution - Lift Heights 0.1 mm or more and less than
1.0 mm 43.4% 43.8% 36.4% 29.8% 29.3% 79.1% 40.9% 1.0 mm or more and less than
3.0 mm 28.0% 37.9% 40.3% 50.2% 36.8% 20.9% 50.5% 3.0 mm or more and less than
10.0 mm 23.4% 16.1% 19.4% 17.9% 32.9% 0,0% 8.6% 10.0 mm or more 5.2% 2.1% 3.9% 2.1% 1,0% 0,0% 0,0% mm Medium (h2) 2.78 1.99 2.44 2.28 2.65 0.70 1,50 Max 18.50 16.00 18.50 14.00 10.15 2.44 5.48 min 0.26 0.21 0.21 0.45 0.13 0.11 0.21 Lift height (h3) on the ledge Distribution - Lift Heights 0.1 mm or more and less than
1.0 mm 10.9% 36.3% 26.9% 32.0% 31.9% 90.8% 79.0% 1.0 mm or more and less than
3.0 mm 48.2% 42.2% 47.1% 42.5% 40.7% 9.2% 19.5% 3.0 mm or more and less than 10.0 mm 36.5% 19.3% 24.0% 20.9% 23.9% 0,0% 1.5%

10.0 mm or more 4.4% 2.2% 1.9% 4.6% 3.5% 0,0% 0,0% mm Medium (h3) 3.73 2.23 2.65 2.79 2.75 0.51 0.71 Max 14.50 13.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 2,32 3.11 min 0.27 0.18 0.33 0.11 0.41 0.10 0.13 Share h3 / h2 1.3 1,1 1,1 1,2 1,0 0.7 0.5 The number of raised fibers on the tabs fiber / 10 mm 27 26 25 28 28 16 27 The number of raised fibers in the recesses fiber / 10 mm 37 35 27 31 thirty 19 17 The proportion of loop-like fibers on the protrusions % 33 eleven 23 19 eleven 61 9 The proportion of loop-like fibers in the recesses % 29th 13 33 19 10 75 31

Without providing uneven geometric shape Lifting Height of Raised Fiber Lift height distribution 0.1 mm or more and less than
1.0 mm 33.8%

65.0% 93.6% 94.9% 1.0 mm or more and less than
3.0 mm 37.2% 29.1% 6.4% 5.1% 3.0 mm or more and less than
10.0 mm 23.0% 5.1% 0,0% 0,0% 10.0 mm or more 6.0% 0.9% 0,0% 0,0% mm Average 2.84 1.22 0.53 0.50 Max 22.00 11.50 2.40 2.22 min 0.15 0.12 0.10 0.15 The number of raised fibers fiber / 10 mm eighteen 12 eleven 12 The proportion of loop fibers % twenty 23.9 55.2 81.2

[0150] As can be seen from the results presented in table 1, hair-capturing properties and garbage-capturing particles, the properties of the composite sheets of Examples 1-5 are higher than those of the composite sheets of Comparative Examples 1-6.

As can be seen from the results presented in table 2, the height and number of raised composite fibers in the lower parts of the recesses of the composite sheets of examples 1-5, respectively, is larger and higher than the composite sheets of comparative examples 2 and 3.

As can be seen from the results presented in table 2, the composite sheets of examples 1-5 had a tendency according to which the larger the diameter of the composite fiber, the lower the number of raised fibers, but we can assume that since the fibers having a larger fiber diameter, had a higher rigidity, an effect may occur in which captured objects, such as hair and sesame seeds, are captured more reliably without falling due to the stiffness of the fibers when the objects were captured.

[0151] [Example 6] Then, a cleaning sheet having the same structure as the cleaning sheet 1B shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 using a manufacturing device as shown in FIG. 18 and 19, which was used as a sample in Example 6. In particular, a fiber web having a bulk of 24 g / m ^{2 was} first obtained using PET fiber (fiber size 11 μm, fiber length 38 mm) as the starting material according to the usual way of scratching. Then, using a polypropylene wire mesh (wire diameter 300 μm, wire spacing 8 mm, bulk 5 g / m ² ) as a base (mesh sheet), the resulting fibrous web was layered on the upper and lower surfaces of the base in order to obtain a layered product (layering stage); the layered product was subjected to a braiding treatment using a jet of water (water pressure 1 MPa) supplied from a plurality of nozzles in order to braid and integrate it, thereby obtaining a composite that has fiber aggregates with a plexification coefficient of 0.5 N × m / g (hydro-woven non-woven fabric) (plexus stage); an irregular geometric shape was provided in the composite by supplying a jet stream of water supplied from a plurality of nozzles to it on a patterning element under conditions of water pressure from 1 to 5 MPa to obtain an uneven composite (stage of providing unevenness); and the resulting uneven composite was dried with hot air (drying step). Then, only one surface of the obtained uneven composite was subjected to a fiber lifting treatment by using a roller raising fiber treatment (fiber lifting stage), whereby a cleaning sheet having the desired protrusions and depressions was obtained. Using the sandblasting roller as the roller of the treatment fiber, the transfer speed V1b (see Fig. 19) of the uneven composite was set to 20 m / min, the peripheral speed V2b (see Fig. 19) of the sandblasting was set to 200 m / min, and the sandblast was rotated in the opposite direction to the transfer direction of the uneven composite. The height of the protrusions on the peripheral surface of the sandblasting roller was approximately 0.07 mm, the distance (step) between adjacent protrusions in the circumferential direction and the distance (step) between adjacent protrusions in the direction of the axis of rotation was approximately 0.22 mm, the tip area of the upper part of the protrusion was approximately 0.008 mm ² and the number of protrusions per unit area was approximately 2000 protrusions / cm ² .

[0152] [Example 7] A cleaning sheet having protrusions and recesses was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the peripheral speed V2b of the sandblasting roller was set to 20 m / min, which was determined as Example 7.

[0153] [Example 8] A cleaning sheet having protrusions and recesses was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the peripheral speed V2b of the sandblasting roller was set to 10 m / min, which was determined as Example 8.

[0154] [Example 9] A cleaning sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the PET fiber (fiber size 11 μm and fiber length 38 mm) and conjugated fiber sheath-core (nuclear part of the PP and shell part from PE, a fiber size of 48 μm and a fiber length of 51 mm) were used as the starting material for the fibrous web; the mass ratio of the mixing of two fibers PET fiber: conjugated fiber sheath-core was set equal to 45:55; and skipped the stage of providing unevenness, which was determined as an example 9. Skipping the stage of providing unevenness, made the resulting cleaning sheet flat essentially without protrusions or indentations.

[0155] [Example 10] A cleaning sheet having protrusions and depressions was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the PET fiber (fiber size 11 μm, fiber length 38 mm) and conjugated fiber sheath-core (nuclear part of PP, shell part of PE, fiber size 40 μm, fiber length 51 mm) was used as the starting material of the fibrous web, and the mass ratio of the mixing of two fibers of PET fiber: conjugated fiber sheath-core was set to 45:55, which was determined in as an example 10.

[0156] [Example 11] A cleaning sheet having protrusions and recesses was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the two types of PET fibers, the fiber size and fiber length were different from each other [first PET fiber ( fiber size 11 μm, fiber length 38 mm) and a second PET fiber (fiber size 32 μm, fiber length 51 mm)] was used as the starting material of the fibrous web, and the mass mixing ratio of the two fibers was the first PET fiber: the second PET fiber was set equal to 45:55, which was determined as an example 11.

[0157] [Example 12] A cleaning sheet essentially having no protrusions or recesses was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the PET / nylon fiber to be separated (fiber size of about 7 μm after separation, fiber length 51 mm ) was used as the starting material of the fibrous web, and the step of providing unevenness, which was determined as Example 12, was skipped.

[0158] [Example 13] A cleaning sheet having protrusions and depressions was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the perforated hydro-woven nonwoven fabric was made of viscose fiber [viscose fineness 2.2 dtex, bulk 40 g / m ² , the hole size (1.5 mm by MD and 0.5 mm by CD), and the fraction of the area of the holes 30%] was used as the basis (mesh sheet), which was determined as example 13.

[0159] [Example 14] A cleaning sheet essentially having no protrusions or indentations was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the roughness providing step, which was determined as Example 14, was skipped.

[0160] [Comparative Example 7] A cleaning sheet having protrusions and depressions was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the fiber-lifting step was passed, which was determined as Comparative Example 7.

[0161] [Comparative example 8] First, a fibrous web having a bulk of 30 g / m ² was prepared using a sheath-core conjugated fiber (PP core, PE sheath, 17 μm fiber size, 51 mm fiber length) according to the usual method of scratching. Then, the fibrous web was heat treated at 135 ° C in order to fuse the fibers with each other, thereby obtaining an air-permeable non-woven fabric. The thus obtained air-permeable non-woven fabric was subjected to a lifting fiber treatment in the same manner as in the lifting fiber stage in Example 6, thereby obtaining a cleaning sheet essentially having no protrusions or recesses, which was determined as Comparative Example 8.

[0162] [Comparative Example 9] A Spunbond nonwoven fabric having a bulk of 30 g / m ² of PET fiber (continuous fiber with a fiber size of 25 μm) was subjected to a lifting fiber treatment in the same manner as in the lifting fiber stage in Example 6, thereby receiving a cleaning sheet essentially without protrusions or indentations, which was determined as comparative example 9.

[0163] [Comparative example 10] A cleaning sheet essentially having no protrusions or recesses was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that only a fibrous web was formed into a sheet without using a base (mesh sheet) and passed the protrusion stage, which was determined as comparative example 10.

[0164] [Comparative Example 11] A cleaning sheet essentially having no protrusions or recesses was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the step of providing a roughness and the fiber-raising step, which was determined as Comparative Example 11, were omitted.

[0165] [Evaluation] The length of the protrusion of the end of the fiber from the fiber aggregate and the number of long ends of the fibers of each sample (cleaning sheet) from the examples and comparative examples were evaluated according to the methods described above. In addition, hair capturing properties on each of the dry surface to be cleaned and the wet surface to be cleaned, fine dust capturing properties, larger debris trapping properties, sheet elongation, fiber drop rate and abrasion resistance were evaluated in accordance with the following methods. The evaluation was carried out in an environment with a room temperature of 20 ° C and a humidity of 60% RH. The results are presented in table 3, described below.

[0166] Separately visually observed the ends of the fibers protruding from the aggregate of fibers [containing the ends of the fibers of composite fibers with a length of 10 mm or more (long ends of the fibers)] of each sample (cleaning sheet) in the examples and comparative examples. As a result, in cleaning sheets having protrusions and recesses (samples from examples 6-8, 10, 11 and 13 and comparative example 7), there are relatively many fiber ends on the protrusions forming an unevenness (upper part of the protrusion and near it) , and relatively few ends of the fibers in the recesses forming an unevenness (the lower part of the recess and near it). On the other hand, in a cleaning sheet essentially having no protrusions and recesses (samples from examples 9, 12 and 14 and comparative examples 8-11), the ends of the fibers existed almost uniformly over the entire surface of one surface (surface that lifts the processing fibers) of the cleaning sheet.

[0167] <Method for evaluating hair-capturing properties on a dry surface to be cleaned>

The cleaning sheet is attached to the head of the Quickle Wiper (registered trademark), which is a cleaning tool manufactured by Kao Corporation. In the evaluation, the surface that was subjected to the lifting fiber treatment (surface of the lifting fiber processing) during the manufacturing method of the cleaning sheet was used as the cleaning surface. When the surface of the lifting fiber treatment was absent, an arbitrary one surface of the cleaning sheet was used as the cleaning surface. Using a dry surface of a wooden floor (size 30 cm × 60 cm, Woody F manufactured by Matsushita Electric Corporation) as a surface to be cleaned, ten hairs having a length of about 10 cm were scattered on it, and then a cleaning sheet attached to the head part, placed on the floor, and the entire area of the wooden floor was wiped once with a certain movement (60 cm), whereby the hairs were captured with a cleaning sheet. After that, the head of the Quickle Wiper was shaken 10 times with an amplitude of up and down 10 cm, due to which the hairs that did not hold the cleaning sheet fell and then the number of hairs held on the cleaning sheet was counted. Five sheets of a cleaning sheet of the same type were continuously subjected to this operation and the total number of hairs captured by five cleaning sheets (total number of captured hairs) was recorded. The number of captured hairs was divided by 50 (total number of scattered hairs), then multiplied by 100 and the resulting value was determined as retention (%) of captured hair. Retention was evaluated based on the following criteria as hair-capturing properties on a dry surface to be cleaned.

A: retention of 80% or more, good breathtaking properties on a dry surface to be cleaned.

B: retention of 60% or more and less than 80%, hair-capturing properties on a dry surface to be cleaned are sufficient for practical use.

C: retention of 40% or more and less than 60%, hair-capturing properties on the surface to be cleaned, hair-capturing properties are slightly worse, but practical use is possible.

D: retention less than 40%, breathtaking properties of the dry surface to be cleaned, in which practical use is not possible.

[0168] <Method for evaluating hair-capturing properties on a wet surface to be cleaned>

In the <method for evaluating hair-capturing properties on a dry surface to be cleaned> described above, after ten hairs were scattered on the surface to be cleaned, 1 ml of ion-exchange water was distributed thereon and the hairs were adapted to ion-exchange water. Thereafter, retention (%) of captured hair was obtained in a similar manner as described above, and retention was evaluated based on the following criteria described below as hair-capturing properties on a damp surface to be cleaned.

A: retention of 80% or more, good breathtaking properties on a dry surface to be cleaned.

B: retention of 60% or more and less than 80%, hair-capturing properties on a dry surface to be cleaned, sufficient for practical use.

C: retention of 40% or more and less than 60%, hair-capturing properties on the surface to be cleaned, hair-capturing properties are slightly worse, but practical use is possible.

D: retention less than 40%, hair-capturing properties on a dry surface to be cleaned, in which practical use is not possible.

[0169] <Method for evaluating fine dust capturing properties>

The cleaning sheet is attached to the head of the Quickle Wiper (registered trademark), which is a cleaning tool manufactured by Kao Corporation. Fine dust was used to evaluate dust capturing properties. In the evaluation, the surface that was subjected to the lifting fiber treatment (surface of the lifting fiber processing) during the manufacturing method of the cleaning sheet was used as the cleaning surface. When the surface of the lifting fiber treatment was absent, an arbitrary one surface of the cleaning sheet was used as the cleaning surface. After 0.2 g (the total weight of 7 types of powders was 0.2 g), 7 types of dusty powder dust (manufactured by Association of Powder Process Industry and Engineering, Japan, “7 kinds of Test Powders 1 prescribed in” Test Powder and Test Particles “in” JIS Z 8901 ”was scattered over almost the entire surface of a dry wooden floor (90 cm × 90 cm, Woody F manufactured by Matsushita Electric Corporation) as a surface to be cleaned, the entire area of the wooden floor was wiped twice with a certain movement (60 cm) with a cleaning sheet attached to the head part, and the mass of dust was measured, attached The mass of dust attached to the cleaning sheet was measured by subtracting the mass of the cleaning sheet before wiping, which was measured previously, from the total mass of the cleaning sheet after wiping. Five sheets from the cleaning sheet of the same type were continuously subjected to this operation and the total mass of dust was recorded. captured by five cleaning sheets (total mass of captured dust). The total mass of captured dust was divided by 1.0 (total mass of scattered dust), then multiplied by 100 and the resulting value was determined as the fraction of captured fine dust (%), and the captured fraction was estimated based on the following criteria as a dust-capturing property.

A: Capture share of 70% or more, good fine dust capturing properties.

B: Capture fraction of 50% or more and less than 70%; Fine dust capturing properties are sufficient for practical use.

C: Capture fraction of 40% or more and less than 50%, fine dust capture properties are slightly worse, but practical use is possible.

D: Capture fraction less than 40%, fine dust capturing properties in which practical use is not possible.

[0170] <Method for evaluating capture properties of larger particles of debris>

The cleaning sheet is attached to the head of the Quickle Wiper (registered trademark), which is a cleaning tool manufactured by Kao Corporation. In the evaluation, the surface that was subjected to the lifting fiber treatment (surface of the lifting fiber processing) during the manufacturing method of the cleaning sheet was used as the cleaning surface. When the surface of the lifting fiber treatment was absent, an arbitrary one surface of the cleaning sheet was used as the cleaning surface. Using a dry wooden floor surface (size 30 × 60 cm, Woody F manufactured by Matsushita Electric Corporation) as the surface to be cleaned, 0.5 g of breadcrumbs having a particle size of from about 1.0 to 1.4 mm as larger debris was scattered on the wooden floor, and then a cleaning sheet attached to the head was placed on the floor. The entire area of the wooden floor was wiped with a single, definite movement (60 cm), whereby the cleaning sheet captured bread crumbs, and the weight of the captured bread crumbs was measured. The mass of breadcrumbs attached to the cleaning sheet was measured by subtracting the mass of the cleaning sheet before wiping, which was previously measured, from the total mass of the cleaning sheet after wiping. Five sheets of a cleaning sheet of the same type were continuously subjected to this operation, and the total mass of breadcrumbs captured by five cleaning sheets (total mass of captured crumbs) was recorded. The total mass of captured crumbs was divided by 2.5 (total mass of scattered breadcrumbs), then multiplied by 100 and the resulting value was determined as the fraction of trapped larger particles of garbage (%), and the captured fraction was estimated based on the following criteria, as capturing Larger particles of debris properties.

A: Capture share of 50% or more, good capture properties of larger particles of debris.

B: Capture fraction of 30% or more and less than 50%, capture properties of larger particles of debris are sufficient for practical use.

C: Capture fraction of 15% or more and less than 30%; Capturing larger debris particles properties are slightly worse, but practical use is possible.

D: capture fraction of less than 15%, capture larger particles of debris properties, in which practical use is impossible.

[0171] <Evaluation of sheet elongation>

A rectangular geometric shape having a size of 100 mm in CD and 30 mm in MD, in a direction perpendicular to CD, was cut from the cleaning sheet to be cut, and the cut rectangular geometric shape was used as the measured sample. The measured sample was attached to the clamps of the dynamometer so that the direction of extension was CD. The distance between the clamps was set to 50 mm. The measured sample was stretched at a speed of 300 mm / min. Using the length of the measured sample under elongation at a load of 5 N, elongation of the sheet in CD at a load of 5 N / 25 mm was obtained by the following formula, and the evaluation was carried out based on the following criteria.

Elongation of the sheet (%) = [(length at elongation-50) / 50] × 100

A: the sheet elongation is less than 10%, the cleaning sheet is not fully stretched when wiped on the surface to be cleaned, or when it is attached to the cleaning tool, the sheet is easy to use.

B: the sheet elongation is 10% or more and less than 20%, the cleaning sheet is stretched slightly when wiped on the surface to be cleaned or when it is attached to the cleaning tool, there are no problems in practical use.

C: the elongation of the sheet is 20% or more and less than 40%, the cleaning sheet is sometimes stretched when wiped on the surface to be cleaned, or when it is attached to the cleaning tool, the sheet has slightly impaired suitability, but practical use is possible.

D: the elongation of the sheet is 40% or more, the cleaning sheet is stretched when wiped on the surface to be cleaned, or when it is attached to the cleaning tool, the sheet is not suitable for use.

[0172] <Method for assessing the degree of fall of the fibers>

The cleaning sheet is attached to the head of the Quickle Wiper (registered trademark), which is a cleaning tool manufactured by Kao Corporation. In the evaluation, the surface that was subjected to the lifting fiber treatment (surface of the lifting fiber processing) during the manufacturing method of the cleaning sheet was used as the cleaning surface. When the surface of the lifting fiber treatment was absent, an arbitrary one surface of the cleaning sheet was used as the cleaning surface. Using a cleaning sheet attached to the head, the back-and-forth movement was performed five times over the entire area of one mat in the mat, which was the surface to be cleaned. After that, a visual observation was made as to whether the composite fibers of the cleaning sheet remained on the mat, and this was evaluated based on the following criteria as the degree of fiber drop.

B: The number of composite fibers remaining on the mat is less than 10, the low degree of fiber drop was low, and the score was high.

C: The number of composite fibers remaining on the mat is 10 or more, the degree of fiber drop is slightly increased, but practical use is possible.

D: The cleaning sheet was destroyed during cleaning, its practical use is impossible.

[0173] <Assessment of abrasion resistance>

Five circles having a diameter of 25 mm were cut from the cleaning sheet as a sample. The static friction coefficient μ of the surface lifting the processing fiber (when the sample had no lifting fiber processing, an arbitrary surface of the cleaning sheet) of each sample was measured using HEIDON Tribogear Muse TYPE: 94i, manufactured by Shinto Scientific Co., Ltd. The average value of the static friction coefficients μ 5 of the samples was evaluated based on the following criteria as abrasion resistance.

B: average value less than 0.40 μ, low abrasion resistance, pleasant to wipe.

C: average value of 0.40 μ or more and less than 0.60 μ, high abrasion resistance, slightly wiping sensations when wiped, but practical use is possible.

D: average value 0.60 μ or more, very high abrasion resistance, discomfort during wiping, practical use is not possible.

[0174]

[Table 3] Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Comparative Example 7 Reference Example 8 Reference Example 9 Reference Example 10 Reference Example 11 Fiber aggregate Type of Hydro Woven Nonwoven Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Air-passing non-woven fabric Spunbond Nonwoven Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Hydro-woven non-woven fabric Fiber size
(microns) eleven eleven eleven 11 (45%) 11 (45%) 11 (45%) 7 eleven eleven eleven 17 25 eleven eleven 48 (55%) 40 (55%) 32 (55%) The bulk
(g / m ² ) 48 48 48 48 48 48 one hundred 48 48 48 40 thirty 48 48 The basis Type of PP network PP network PP network PP network PP network PP network PP network Viscose perforated non-woven fabric PP network PP network Without foundation Without foundation Without foundation PP network Wire Diameter (μm) / Fiber Diameter (μm) 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 12 300 300 - - - 300

The bulk
(g / m ² ) 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 40 5 5 - - - 5 Protrusions and recesses on the cleaning surface (surface raising the processing fibers) Present Present Present Absent Present Present Absent Present Absent Present Absent Absent Absent Absent Fiber lifting treatment Present Present Present Present Present Present Present Present Present Absent Present Present Present Absent The peripheral speed of the roller lifting fiber processing (m / min.) 200 twenty 10 200 200 200 200 200 200 - 200 200 200 - Fiber End Length (mm) 21 17 17 21 twenty twenty eleven 21 fifteen 7 eleven 25 eighteen 7 The number of long fiber ends (fiber ends) 51 eleven 8 44 27 25 2 48 31 0 8 21 31 0 Captivating hair properties (dry surface to be cleaned) A A B A A A A A B C D D B C Captivating hair properties (wet surface to be cleaned) A B C A A A A A B D D D B D Fine dust capturing properties A A A C B B A A A A B B A B

Capturing larger dust particles properties A B B A A A A A B C C D B C Sheet extension A A A A A A A B A A C A D A Fiber drop rate B B B C B B B B B B B B B B Wipe resistance B B B B B B C B B B B B B B

[0175] As can be seen from the results presented in table 3, in the cleaning sheets of examples 6-14, any aggregate of fibers has places formed by weaving composite fibers, the aggregates of fibers and the base are formed as a single unit in a woven state. In addition, in the cleaning sheets of Examples 6-14, the lengths of the ends of the fibers protruding from the fiber aggregate are 10 mm or more, and there are fiber ends of the composite fibers having a length of 10 mm or more (long fiber ends), outside a straight line BLb (see Fig. 14) connecting the contours of one surface of the cleaning sheet (surface raising the fibers of the cleaning surface) in the form of a cleaning sheet on the side. Accordingly, it can be seen that the cleaning sheets of Examples 6-14 have excellent cleaning efficiency (hair-capturing properties on a dry surface to be cleaned) and other cleaning methods (hair-capturing properties on a wet surface to be cleaned, fine dust capturing properties and trapping properties of larger particles of debris) is more improved compared to comparative example 7, in which the fiber-lifting treatment is not carried out. In addition, it can be seen that Examples 6-14 are cleaning sheets that have a slight elongation of the sheet and are thus suitable for cleaning. In addition, from a comparison of Example 13 with other examples, it can be seen that even if a viscose perforated hydro-woven nonwoven fabric is used as a base, the cleaning sheet has a small elongation of the sheet and, thus, has a preferred structure as a cleaning sheet. On the contrary, in comparative examples 7 and 11, mainly, the fiber lifting treatment is not carried out, and there are no long fiber ends on the cleaning surface, and thus, poor cleaning performance results are obtained. In comparative examples 8 and 9, although the long ends of the fibers take place on the cleaning surface, the aggregate of the fibers is formed mainly by fusion or bonding of the composite fibers, and thus, poor cleaning performance is obtained. In addition, from a comparison of Example 14 with Comparative Example 10, it can be seen that if there is no base supporting the fiber aggregate, there is an increase in the elongation of the sheet and the cleaning sheet is easily lengthened and thus is not suitable for use with a cleaning sheet.

[0176] Comparing examples 6, 7 and 8, it can be seen that example 6, in which the number of long ends of the fibers (the number of long ends of the fibers per 10 cm ^{2 of the} surface raising the processing fibers) is the maximum, the result is the most excellent cleaning efficiency and, thus, the cleaning efficiency is further improved as the number of long fiber ends becomes larger. In particular, from a comparison of Example 7 with Example 8, it can be seen that when the number of long ends of the fibers is greater than 10, an improvement in hair-capturing properties occurs.

[0177] Comparing examples 9, 10, 11 and 12, despite the fact that they all have good cleaning efficiencies, since the fiber aggregate predominantly contains composite fibers that have a fiber size of less than 8 μm in Example 12, the abrasion resistance is high, which thus leading to a slightly worsened feeling when wiped. In Example 9, since there is predominantly an aggregate of fibers having a ratio of fibers with a fiber size of more than 45 μm to all fibers of 50% by mass or more, the degree of incidence of the fibers is slightly increased, which thus leads to the so-called incidence of fibers during cleaning . For this result, in relation to the aggregate of fibers, preferably the ratio of composite fibers having a fiber size (diameter) of 8 μm or more and 45 μm or less (more preferably 10 μm or more and 40 μm or less) to all composite fibers is 50% mass or more, from the point of view of reducing the resistance to abrasion and falling of the fibers. Additionally, Example 9 has a result in which a drop of fibers is observed, and Example 12 has the result of a slightly impaired wiping sensation, but both Examples 9 and 12 reach a level at which they can be sufficiently used as a cleaning sheet.

[0178] Comparing example 6 and example 14, although both of them have good cleaning efficiency, results in which, despite the fact that they are obtained by the same lifting fiber processing, example 6, having protrusions and recesses on its surface, a fiber-lifting treatment has a larger number of long fiber ends than Example 14, which essentially has no protrusions and recesses, which thus leads to higher hair-capturing properties and capturing larger debris particles. For this result, it can be seen that the uneven surface of the lifting fiber treatment is effective for increasing the number of long fiber ends and improving cleaning efficiency.

[0179] Additionally, with respect to a cleaning sheet having protrusions and recesses (samples from Examples 6-8, 10, 11 and 13 and Comparative Example 7), it was confirmed that the capture properties of larger debris particles were evaluated as the mass fraction of debris captured in the recesses: those on the protrusions = approximately 5: 1 in all cases, and debris particles are preferably captured in the recesses, and it was confirmed that when evaluating the hair-capturing properties, the hair was gripped on the protrusions in order to weave them with the protrusions.

Industrial applicability

[0180] When the composite sheet of the present invention is used for a cleaning sheet, hair and debris such as cotton dust can be additionally effectively captured and debris particles can be captured sufficiently.

[0181] The cleaning sheet of the present invention exhibits excellent grip and retention properties for hair or debris such as dust, regardless of whether the surface to be cleaned or debris is dry or wet, and it is difficult to cause the composite fibers to fall.

Claims (33)

1. A composite surface cleaning sheet comprising a fiber-like aggregate of fibers and a cellular sheet or thermally bonded non-woven fabric as a frame material, the fiber aggregate being integrated on one or both sides of the cellular sheet or thermally bonded non-woven fabric in a state in which the fibers forming the aggregate fibers woven with each other and with frame material, wherein the composite sheet is formed with a three-dimensional uneven geometric shape so as to have many protrusions and recesses, composite fibers of the fiber aggregate rise from the surfaces of the protrusions and recesses, the ratio of the number of composite fibers that rise from the surfaces of the recesses and have a height of 1 mm or more to the number of composite fibers that rise from the surfaces of the recesses and have a height of 0.1 mm or more is 25% or more, and the average height of the raised composite fibers from the surfaces of the recesses is greater than the average height of the raised composite fibers from the surfaces of the protrusions. 2. The composite sheet according to claim 1, wherein the ratio (h3 / h2) of the average height (h3) of the raised composite fibers in the recesses to the average height (h2) of the raised composite fibers on the protrusions is 3 or less. 3. A composite sheet according to claim 1 or 2, in which the average height of the raised composite fiber in the recess is from 0.5 to 30 mm, and the number of raised composite fibers in the recess is from 5 to 80 fibers / 10 mm of width. 4. The composite sheet according to claim 1 or 2, in which the material forming the frame material has the lowest melting temperature among the materials of the fibers forming the composite sheet. 5. A composite sheet according to claim 1 or 2, in which an aggregate of fibers is formed by mixing composite fibers of two or more types, the diameters of which differ from the others by half or more. 6. The composite sheet according to claim 1 or 2, which is used for a cleaning sheet. 7. A composite sheet according to claim 1 or 2, in which the ratio (h3 / h2) of the average height (h3) of the raised composite fibers in the recesses to the average height (h2) of the raised composite fibers on the protrusions is 2 or less. 8. A composite sheet according to claim 1 or 2, in which the ratio of the raised composite fibers in the recesses, which have a lifting height of 1 mm or more, to the raised composite fibers in the recesses is from 30 to 95%, and the ratio of the raised composite fibers on the protrusions, which have a lifting height of 1 mm or more, to the raised composite fibers on the protrusions is from 20 to 90%. 9. A composite sheet according to claim 1 or 2, in which the raised composite fibers include raised fibers in a state in which the end of the fiber protrudes, and the raised loop-shaped fibers, and the ratio of raised loop-shaped fibers to raised composite fibers is from 2 to 70%. 10. A method of manufacturing a composite sheet for cleaning surfaces according to claim 1, comprising: the implementation of the lifting fiber processing, which raise the composite fibers of the composite sheet; and then the implementation of providing an irregular geometric shape of the processing of many parts of the composite sheet, which subjected the lifting fiber processing, in order to form many protrusions and recesses on the composite sheet. 11. A method of manufacturing a composite sheet according to claim 10, in which the fiber lifting treatment is carried out using a protrusion roller that has a plurality of protrusions on its peripheral surface, and the composite sheet is fed onto a roller with protrusions and the composite fibers of the fiber aggregate, which forms the composite sheet, are lifted. 12. A method of manufacturing a composite sheet according to claim 10 or 11, in which providing uneven geometric shape processing is carried out using a pair of unequal rollers, moreover, one roller of unequal rollers has many protrusions on its peripheral surface, and another roller of unequal rollers has many recesses into which protrusions of the first roller are inserted at locations corresponding to protrusions of the first roller on its peripheral surface, forming a space between the upper part of the protrusion on one roller and the lower part of the recess on another roller, and a composite sheet that has been treated with a lifting fiber is fed between a pair of unequal rollers, and uneven geometric shapes are imparted to a plurality of parts of a composite sheet that have been treated with a lifting fiber. 13. A cleaning sheet containing an aggregate of fibers and a base supporting the aggregate of fibers, and the composite fibers of the aggregate of fibers are woven with each other and with the base, thereby forming a state in which the aggregate of fibers as a whole is woven with the base, while there are fiber ends of composite fibers having a length of 10 mm or more, which are formed by a lifting fiber treatment, outside of a straight line connecting the contours of one surface of the cleaning sheet in the form of a cleaning sheet on the side. 14. The cleaning sheet of claim 13, wherein there are 10 or more fiber ends per 10 cm ^{2 of the} surface of the cleaning sheet. 15. A cleaning sheet according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the fiber aggregate is formed by a hydrospinning process. 16. The cleaning sheet according to claim 13 or 14, wherein one surface of the cleaning sheet has an unevenness that has protrusions and recesses. 17. The cleaning sheet of claim 16, wherein the protrusion has more fiber ends than a recess. 18. The cleaning sheet according to claim 16, in which the protrusions and recesses are formed by the hydrospinning method to which the fiber aggregate is subjected.

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