FR2865214A1 - Laundry detergent tablet comprises defined amounts of a nonionic surfactant immobilized on an absorbent support and an anionic surfactant in granular form - Google Patents

Abstract

Laundry detergent tablet comprising additives, fabric conditioners, colorants, perfumes, protease, lipase or amylase enzymes, bleaching agents and/or optical brighteners comprises a nonionic surfactant immobilized on an absorbent support and an anionic surfactant in granular form. The nonionic surfactant content is 2-20 wt.%, the anionic surfactant content is 2-20 wt.% and the total surfactant content is at least 22 wt.%.

Description

The present invention relates to a detergent with a high surfactant content

  for washing laundry in the form of a tablet.

  More specifically, the present invention relates to a laundry washing board that allows the use for washing a given amount of laundry, a lower dosage than with existing detergents, and preparation conditions, performance of setting and washing equal or superior to the currently known products.

  In recent years there are on the European market tablets washing machine in the machine. These tablets can be round, rectangular, monolayer, multilayer, coated. Their mass can vary from 35 to 45 g. Their dosage is 2 tablets for dirty laundry with 3 shelves for very dirty laundry, per washing cycle in a conventional washing machine.

  Ideally such tablets must fulfill a number of physicochemical and mechanical criteria, among others: Have a hardness high enough not to arrive chipped or broken at the user; Generate a minimum of attrition, raised by fine particles present in the packaging bag; Have a disintegration time in the washing machine as short as possible; Have a satisfactory washing efficiency; Have a good chemical stability throughout the storage phase, that is to say be structured in such a way that no chemical reaction of decomposition, transformation, or other, can occur during the few weeks or even a few months of storage.

  While certain known tablets make it possible to fulfill the physicochemical and mechanical conditions mentioned above, they are generally disadvantageous in that the washing properties, due especially to surfactant compounds (or "surfactants"), can not be correct. when they appear in sufficient quantity in a tablet-dose. To obtain a high content of surfactants in the washing water during a washing cycle in a conventional washing machine, it is then necessary to place 2 or even 3 tablets in the drum of the washing machine to obtain satisfactory washing efficiency. .

  In order to meet the drawbacks mentioned above and to ensure the various optimizations of the tablet detergent for use in a washing machine, the invention proposes a laundry detergent tablet whose surfactant composition is at least 22% by weight. of the tablet.

  Such a concentration of surfactants is made possible by the structure of the tablet which comprises at least one adjuvant, and / or at least one softening agent, and / or at least one coloring agent, and / or at least one perfume, and / or at least one enzyme of the protease, lipase or amylase type, and / or at least one bleaching agent, and / or at least one optical brightener.

  More particularly, according to the invention, the tablet further comprises: (i) at least one nonionic surfactant, fixed on an absorbent support, the total content of surfactant (s) nonionic (s) in percentage of the total weight of the tablet being between 2 and 20%, preferably between 5 and 15%, and (ii) at least one anionic surfactant, with a granular structure, the total content of surfactant (s) (s) ) anionic (s) as a percentage of the total weight of the tablet being between 2 and 20%, preferably between 5 and 15%, so that the total content of surfactants in a tablet is greater than or equal to 22% by weight total of one tablet.

  The combination, according to the invention, of two surfactants, one nonionic on absorbed support and the other anionic in granular form makes it possible to avoid the formation of a gel around the tablet during its dissolution, which takes place usually by chemical reaction of these two types of surfactants. The formation of such a gel would prevent the complete dissolution of the tablet and greatly reduce the detergent action. Thanks to the invention, the content of surfactants or surfactants can be considerably increased in a traditional mass tablet (preferably between 35 and 45 grams), while obtaining a very good washing efficiency.

  Thus, the invention consists in using a surfactant system comprising a mixture of nonionic surfactant on an absorbent support and anionic surfactant with a granular structure so as to reach a surfactant content of greater than 22%, which allows a compression and a satisfactory hardness, a dissolution in a satisfactory time, a washing performance equivalent or superior to the currently known solutions. In addition to the surfactant system presented above, the tablet contains at least one adjuvant (or "builder"), at least one water softening additive, one or more dyes and / or perfumes.

  These constituents are distributed in one or more layers if it is necessary to separate the chemically incompatible components to avoid untimely chemical reactions of transformation or degradation during storage.

  Advantageously, the anionic surfactant comprises at least one sodium alkylbenzene sulphonate and / or at least one sulphated fatty alcohol in the form of granules whose size is less than 100 μm, with at least 80% of active product per granule, preferably at least minus 95% of active product per granule.

  According to a first possible embodiment of the invention, the absorbent support may comprise at least one silicate compound with a sheet structure.

  According to a second embodiment of the invention, the absorbent support may comprise at least one zeolite-based compound.

  Advantageously, the nonionic surfactant comprises a mixture of at least one fatty alcohol ethoxylated with at least one glyceride, or with at least one ethoxylated glycerol.

  In addition, the tablet preferably comprises at least one other anionic surfactant, non-granular structure selected from the list of: sulfates, ethoxysulfates, or sulfonates. It also preferably comprises at least one cationic surfactant, and / or at least one linear alkyl chain soap having a carbon number of from 8 to 22, and / or a branched chain alkyl soap, and or at least one cationic surfactant.

  Advantageously, the tablet according to the invention has a total mass of between 35 and 45 grams. Its breaking force is preferably between 60 and 100 N, and preferably, its disintegration time in water is less than 5 minutes, preferably less than 2 minutes.

  The invention will now be described in more detail, in particular its chemical constituents. This description will be completed by examples of compositions and detergent tablet structures according to the invention, given by way of non-limiting examples.

  The tablet according to the invention is a detergent tablet for washing clothes, comprising at least one adjuvant, at least one softening agent, at least one coloring agent, at least one perfume, at least one enzyme of the protease, lipase or amylase type. at least one bleaching agent, and at least one optical brightener.

  According to the invention, it also comprises: (i) at least one nonionic surfactant, fixed on an absorbent support, the total content of surfactant (s) surfactant (s) nonionic (s) as a percentage of the total weight of the tablet being between 2 and 20%, preferably between 5 and 15%, and (ii) at least one anionic surfactant, with a granular structure, the total content of anionic surfactant (s) as a percentage of the total weight of the tablet being between 2 and 20%, preferably between 5 and 15%, so that the total content of surfactants in a tablet is greater than or equal to 22% by total weight of a tablet .

  The anionic surfactant (s) that may be used in the context of the present invention is (are), preferably a sodium alkylbenzene sulphonate, and / or a fatty alcohol. sulfate. This or these anionic surfactant (s) are in granular form, free from fine particles, with an active product content of 80% to 95% minimum.

  The granular structure is compact enough to avoid any sticking phenomena that may occur during the pelletizing phase and can then disrupt the disintegration of the tablet. Granular structure comprises a particulate structure with a particle size of less than 100 μm.

  Sulphated fatty alcohols are particularly recommended for this type of application. The anionic surfactant content is between 1% and 20% of the total weight of the tablet, preferably between 1 and 15%.

  The tablet according to the invention also comprises nonionic surfactants, which exist in the granular form, and which are absorbed on silicates, preferably layered silicates. The content of active products is then, for this type of nonionic surfactants, in the order of 52% to 55%.

  The nonionic surfactants used in the context of the present invention may themselves be a mixture of products with a different degree of ethoxylation so as to overcome the gel phenomena that are generated during the dissolution phase. Preferably, mixtures of ethoxylated fatty alcohol and ethoxylated glycerol or glycerol will then be selected.

  The nonionic surfactant granules used in the context of the present invention should be appropriately selected to be able to successfully undergo the pelletizing phenomenon, without occurrence of bleeding or sticking phenomena.

  Alternatively, the nonionic surfactants used in the present invention can be absorbed on other supports, zeolite type, knowing that they must successfully pass the phenomenon of pelletizing and disintegration.

  According to the invention, the content of nonionic surfactant is between 1% to 20%, as a percentage of the total weight of the tablet, preferably between 5% and 15% of the total weight of the tablet.

  Preferably, the tablet also contains other ingredients, which are hereinafter listed and detailed, classified by families (each family being cited in title and underlined below). These ingredients may be incorporated alone, or in combination with each other.

  Anionic surfactants In the context of the present invention, it will be possible to choose indifferently from the following anionic surfactants: sulphonated anionic surfactants: that is to say anionic surfactant agent whose alkyl chains may be linear, branched or a mixture of both. The length of the carbon chain is from C10 to C18 (that is, from 10 to 18 carbon atoms) for the linear, and from C1 to C15 for the branched carbon chains; anionic ethoxysulfate surfactants, wherein the length of the alkyl chain is from C 10 -C 18. The number of ethylene oxide is 0.5 to 20 moles. The preferred ethoxysulfated anionics have a C 1 -C 15 alkyl chain with 0.5 to 5 moles of ethylene oxide per molecule of alcohol; anionic sulfonates; linear compounds based on alkylbenzene sulphonate, that is to say with an alkyl chain having from 5 to 16 carbons; compounds based on alkyl ester sulfonates; primary or secondary alkanesulfonates with an alkyl chain having from 5 to 18 carbons; olefinic sulfonates, with an alkyl chain having from 6 to 24 carbons (C6 to C24); sulfonated polycarboxylic acids; alkylglycerol sulphonates; - anionic carboxylic surfactants - alkylsarcosinates - amphoteric compounds (amine oxide, amphocarboxylic) - compounds based on betaine (sultaine) Cationic surfactants These will be compounds chosen from: quaternary ammonium, with a single alkyl chain with from 6 to 16 carbon atoms (C6 to C16). The other chains linked to the nitrogen are then of the methyl, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl type; - know, with a linear alkyl chain ranging from C8 to C22 (with 8 to 22 carbon atoms), or with a branched chain (the carboxylic group is then attached to a secondary carbon).

  Tensio nonionic active agents Within the scope of the invention, it will be possible to use all the nonionic surfactants without class limitation in particular. This will include: - ethoxylated alcohols. The alcohol chain may be straight or branched, the carbon is from 6 to 22. The number of ethylene oxide molecules per alcohol molecule may range from 1 to 50; propoxylated ethoxylated alcohols. The alcohol chain may be straight or branched. The carbon number ranges from C6 to C18. The number of ethylene oxide ranges from 3 to 40. The mixture comprises from 3 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide per 1 to 10 moles of propylene oxide; ethylene oxide / propylene oxide condensates; ethoxylated amides; ethoxylated amines; ethoxylated mono, di and triglycerides; ethoxylated fatty acids; alkylpolyglucosides; - glucamides; the ethoxylated alkylphenols; - ethoxylated glycerin.

  Complexant System The formulation (s) may contain raw materials capable of controlling the mineral hardness of the wash bath by incorporating complexing agents into the formula. Their weight percentage of the tablet is between 1% and 80%, preferably between 10% and 60%. These materials will be chosen from: - phosphates, pyro, tripoly and hexametaphosphate sodium or potassium salt. These phosphates may be in the form of atomized powders or not, hydrated to varying degrees or not, with crystalline forms desired or not. The preferred phosphate is sodium tripolyphosphate, atomized, rich in phage, prehydrated with a water content of 2.5% to 4.5%; aluminosilicates, in amorphous or crystalline synthetic form, which have ion exchange properties. These are zeolites of type A, P, MAP, or X; the size of the particles used is of the order of 0.1 to 10 microns.

  lamellar silicates, which are crystallized lamellar disilicates (of the SKS6 type); polycarboxylates containing one or more carboxylic groups such as glycolic acid, lactic acid or their derivatives: succinic acid, citric acid, adipic acid or their salts; - raw materials likely to complex heavy metals. Their percentage in the formula can range from 0.005% to 20% better from 0.5% to 5%. These are, for example, derivatives of phosphonic and carboxylic acids in particular; partially or completely ionized ethane 1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid; diethylenitriamino pentamethylene phosphonic acid; the double calcium and sodium salt of diethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid; polyaminocarboxylic acids such as ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, diethylene triamine pentaacetate, ethylene diamine disuccinic acid, ethylene diamine dylutaric acid, and their respective salts; Raw materials inhibiting crystal growth Their percentage may range from 0.1% to 2%. These are in particular organodiphosphonic components and more particularly hydroxyethyliotene diphosphonic acid.

  Organic polymers having anti-redepositing dispersing properties and maintaining suspended soil Their percentage in the formula can vary from 0.5% to 15% and better still from 1% to 10%. These are homo or copolymer of polycarboxylic acid. As the homopolymer, sokalan PA15TM, PA20TM, PA30TM from BASF and acupressor WETM from Rohm ans Haas can be noted.

  As copolymer BASF sokalan CP5TM or CP10TM or Rohm and Haas acusol 460GTM; polyamine compounds derived from aspartic or succinic acid; Raw materials providing a buffer effect and a reserve of alkalinity throughout the washing operation Their percentage may vary from 1% to 60% or better from 1% to 30%. These are bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, and sodium carbonate and potassium; sodium disilicate with a ratio of 1.6 to 3.5; borates; mono, di or trisodium phosphates in anhydrous or hydrated form; Antifoam agents to regulate the level of foam during the washing and rinsing phase Their percentage can vary from 0.05% to 5%. The most commonly used are compound silicones, hydrophobic silica doped paraffin oils and alkyl phosphates.

  Anti-Color Transfer Agents Their percentage in the formula may range from 0.01% to 5% or better from 0.1% to 1%. These are polyamine oxide polymer N, copolymer, N vinylpyrrolidone, N vinylimidazole, polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer or a mixture of these components.

  Optical brighteners Their percentage in the formula may vary from 0.005 to 5%. These are derivatives chosen from: amniotriazinyl stilbene disulfonic acid; anilinomorpholinotriazinyl stilbene disulphonic; sulfastyryl biphenyl; or their mixture.

  Activator photo Their dosage can vary from 0.01% to 0.5%. These are generally zinc or aluminum phthalocyanine tri and tetrasulfonates.

  Dye Fixing Agents These are raw materials that minimize dye bleeding during washing. Their dosage may range from 0.01% to 30% or better from 0.1% to 15%.

  Anti-fouling polymers (or soil release) These are raw materials that allow better removal of greasy soils (paraffinic carbon during the washing phase). Their dosage can range from 0.1% to 5%. These are generally polyethylene glycols or their transesterified derivatives and or copolymers or terpolymers of terephthalic acid.

  Enzymes Their dosage can range from 0.005% to 0.1% expressed as active enzyme. The most commonly used enzymes are proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases or mixtures thereof.

  Anti redepositing cellulose derivatives Their role is to provide a role of anti-redeposition of stains during the washing and rinsing phase. Their dosage is 0.2% to 2%. These are mostly carboxymethyl derivatives of cellulose and methylated derivatives of cellulose.

  Additives providing an aesthetic effect Perfumes encapsulated or not, dyes, colored grains.

  Bleaching agents. They can be of 2 types: - liberator of hypochlorite and or of hypochlorous acid; These are: embedded inorganic perhydrates of 1% to 40%, or better still 5% to 25%, or sodium percarbonate, persulfate, persilicate and sodium perborate.

  The tablet according to the invention is preferably coated to minimize the risk of high local bleaching. The coatings are: either a carbonate sulphate mixture or a borate silicate mixture. Other enrobants can be used (wax, oil, soap, etc.). Monoperoxypersulfate is another inorganic perhydrate that can be used in the tablet according to the invention.

  Peroxyacid Bleach Precursor (or Peroxyacid Bleach) These are compounds that react with hydrogen peroxide to produce peroxyacid perhydrolysis. They are of two types: hydrophilic bleaching activator: tetraacetylethylenediamine will be used in particular; hydrophobic activator for bleaching: sodium nananoylbenzene suflonate or pentaacetylglucose will be used in particular. It is possible to use already pre-formed peracids such as nonylamido peroxy adipic acid N, N phthaloyl amino peroxy caproic acid and diacyl peroxides.

  Disintegrating Agents The formulation may contain disintegrating agents allowing rapid implementation of the tablet while minimizing the risk of poor dissolution or white spots on the laundry. In particular, the following will be chosen: cellulose derivatives, amorphous or crystalline; cross-linked carboxymethylcellulose derivatives; cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone derivatives; crosslinked acrylic acid polymers; alginic acids.

  The dosage of these products can vary from 05% to 10% or better from 0.75% to 8%.

  Effervescent Agents The formulation may contain an effervescent system, resulting from the action of an acid on a carbonate or bicarbonate to produce carbon dioxide. This effervescent system allows an improvement in the disintegration of the tablet in the water.

  Binders Binders will be chosen to enhance the cohesion of the tablet, among: polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 1000 to 20000; microcrystalline cellulose; polyvinylpyrrolidone derivatives; methyl cellulose derivatives; The conversion of the powder into a tablet is done using a rotary or alternating type pelletizing machine. The rotary type is preferred. This type of machine makes it possible to produce mono, bi or three-layer tablets having masses and hardness adapted to the desired characteristics. The precompression forces can range from 0 to 25 Kilonewtons. The final compression force is 0 to 180 Kilonewton.

  The breaking force of the shelves is determined with a Schleuniger or MTS measuring device, which makes it possible to record the force necessary to apply to break the tablet under operating conditions defined by standardized tests.

  The disintegration time of the tablet is the necessary time measured for a tablet, deposited on a suitable support, immersed in 1 liter of water at 20 C decays and falls from its support.

  Some particular examples of possible compositions for a tablet according to the invention will now be given.

Example 1

  Active anionic surfactant Nonionic active surfactant Soap powder Zeolite 4A Copolymer HEDP Na salt Sodium tararbonate TAED Granulated Protease Amylase Lipase Carboxymethylcellulose Optical brighteners Photobleach Antifoam Disintegrating agent Parfum Silicate lamellar + minor ingredients The characteristics of the tablet obtained are as follows: Tablet type monolayer 40 g Strength at break: 75 - 80 Newton Disintegration time <2 min

Example 2

  11.5% 11.5% 1.0% 27.3% 2.8% 0.75% 20.0% 5.0% 1.7% 0.50% 0.20% 0.5% 0, 21% 0.03% 1.00% 6.00% 0.50% qs 100% Anionic active surfactant 15% Nonionic active surfactant 8% Powder soap 1.0% Zeolite 4A 27.3% Sodium pericarbonate 20.0 % TAED Granulated 5.0% Protease 1.7% Amylase 0.50% Lipase 0.20% Carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% Optical brighteners 0.21% Photobleach 0.03% Antifoam 1.00% Disintegrating agent 6.00% Fragrance 0.50% Lamellar silicate + gsp100% minor ingredients The characteristics of the tablet obtained are as follows: 40 g single-layer tablet Strength at break: 75 80 Newton Disintegration time <2 min

Example 3

  1 st layer (40%) of the tablet: Anionic active surfactant Nonionic active surfactant Soap powder Zeolite 4A Copolymer HEDP

DAT

  Protease Amylase Lipase Carboxymethylcellulose Optical brighteners Photobleach Antifoam Disintegrating agent Fragrance Color Silicate lamellar + minor ingredients 2nd layer (60%) of the tablet: Anionic active surfactant Nonionic active surfactant Zeolite 4A powder soap Copolymer Carboxymethylcellulose Disintegrating agent Paraffin Percarbonate 4.60% 4, 60% 0.40% 10.90% 1.10% 0.75% 5.0% 1.70% 0.50% 0.20% 0, 25% 0.21% 0.03% 1.00% 2.40% 0.20% Traces qs 40% 6.90% 6.90% 0.60% 16.40% 1.70% 0.25% 3.60% 0.30% 20.00% Silicate lamellar + minor ingredients The characteristics of the tablet obtained are as follows: 40 g single-layer type tablet Breaking force: 75 80 Newton 5 disintegration time <2 minutes It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the examples given herein. above, but embraces all variants. In particular, the tablet may contain more than two layers, for example with two outer layers comprising chemically incompatible compounds, and a chemically neutral middle layer, to enhance the chemical stability of the tablet during storage.

qsp 60%

Claims (12)

  A laundry detergent tablet comprising at least one adjuvant, and / or at least one softening agent, and / or at least one coloring agent, and / or at least one perfume, and / or at least one enzyme of the protease, lipase or amylase type, and / or at least one bleaching agent, and / or at least one optical brightener, characterized in that it further comprises: (i) at least one nonionic surfactant, fixed on a absorbent support, the total content of surfactant (s) surfactant (s) nonionic (s) as a percentage of the total weight of the tablet being between 2 and 20%, preferably between 5 and 15%, and (ii) at the anionic surfactant (s), as a percentage of the total weight of the tablet, being less than an anionic surfactant with a granular structure, is between 2 and 20%, preferably between 5 and 15% , so that the total content of surfactants in a tablet is greater than or equal to 22% by total weight of a tablet. 20 2. Detergent tablet according to claim 1, characterized in that the anionic surfactant comprises at least one sodium alkylbenzene sulphonate and / or at least one sulphated fatty alcohol in the form of granules whose size is less than 100 μm, with at least 80% of active product per granule, preferably at least 95% of active product per granule.   3. Detergent tablet according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the absorbent support 30 comprises at least one silicate compound with a sheet structure.   4. Detergent tablet according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the absorbent support comprises at least one zeolite-based compound.   5. Detergent tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the nonionic surfactant comprises a mixture of at least one fatty alcohol ethoxylated with at least one glyceride, or with at least one ethoxylated glycerol.   6. Detergent tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises at least one other anionic surfactant, non-granular structure selected from the list of: sulfates, ethoxysulfates, or sulfonates.   7. Detergent tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it further comprises at least one cationic surfactant.   8. Detergent tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises at least one linear alkyl chain soap whose carbon number is between 8 and 22, and / or a branched chain alkyl soap.   9. Detergent tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it further comprises at least one cationic surfactant.   10. Detergent tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it has a total mass of between 35 and 45 grams.   11. Detergent tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that its breaking force is between 60 and 100 N. 12. Detergent tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that its disintegration time in water is less than 5 minutes, preferably less than 2 minutes. 20