FR2863348A1 - Gas compressor, gas separation device in particular for air and method of separating a gaseous mixture, in particular air using at least three compressors and coolers alternating in series - Google Patents
Gas compressor, gas separation device in particular for air and method of separating a gaseous mixture, in particular air using at least three compressors and coolers alternating in series Download PDFInfo
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- FR2863348A1 FR2863348A1 FR0350978A FR0350978A FR2863348A1 FR 2863348 A1 FR2863348 A1 FR 2863348A1 FR 0350978 A FR0350978 A FR 0350978A FR 0350978 A FR0350978 A FR 0350978A FR 2863348 A1 FR2863348 A1 FR 2863348A1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
- F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/5826—Cooling at least part of the working fluid in a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
- F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
- F25J3/04024—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of purified feed air, so-called boosted air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
- F25J3/0403—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/12—Particular process parameters like pressure, temperature, ratios
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un compresseur de gaz et à unThe present invention relates to a gas compressor and a
appareil de séparation d'un mélange gazeux incorporant un tel compresseur. apparatus for separating a gaseous mixture incorporating such a compressor.
Dans un compresseur classique à plusieurs étages, le gaz comprimé dans un étage est refroidi dans un réfrigérant inter-étages avant d'être envoyé à l'étage suivant, de sorte que le gaz reste à une température acceptable pour l'étage de compression suivant. Le gaz comprimé dans le dernier étage est également refroidi en aval de cet étage. Les réfrigérants selon l'art antérieur ont les mêmes pertes de charge pour le gaz qu'ils compriment, quelle que soit la pression du gaz comprimé qu'ils refroidissent. In a conventional multistage compressor, the compressed gas in one stage is cooled in interstage refrigerant before being sent to the next stage, so that the gas remains at an acceptable temperature for the next compression stage. . The compressed gas in the last stage is also cooled downstream of this stage. Refrigerants according to the prior art have the same pressure losses for the gas they compress, regardless of the pressure of the compressed gas they cool.
Le terme compresseur comprend les soufflantes et les surpresseurs et les compresseurs suivis de surpresseurs formant une seule machine. Les compresseurs concernés peuvent être centrifuges, axiaux, radiaux, alternatifs ou des combinaisons de ces types de compresseurs. Les compresseurs peuvent avoir des entrées et/ou sorties intermédiaires. The term compressor includes blowers and boosters and compressors followed by boosters forming a single machine. The compressors concerned may be centrifugal, axial, radial, reciprocating or combinations of these types of compressors. The compressors may have intermediate inputs and / or outputs.
L'air passe dans le compresseur d'amont en aval. Un étage d'un compresseur est en amont d'un autre étage si l'air passe dans cet étage avant de passer dans l'autre étage. The air passes in the compressor from upstream to downstream. One stage of a compressor is upstream of another stage if the air passes through this stage before going to the other floor.
Toutes les pressions sont des pressions absolues. All pressures are absolute pressures.
Dans la mesure que les mêmes pertes de charge ne coûtent que peu d'énergie en haute pression par rapport à la moyenne ou basse pression, au lieu d'avoir un compresseur ayant des réfrigérants intermédiaires avec les mêmes pertes de charge à chacun des étages, en utilisant des pertes de charge de gaz plus fortes sur les étages comprimant le gaz à pression plus élevée, il est possible de gagner sur l'investissement du compresseur. Insofar as the same pressure losses cost little energy at high pressure compared with the average or low pressure, instead of having a compressor having intermediate refrigerants with the same pressure losses at each stage, by using higher gas pressure drops on the stages compressing the higher pressure gas, it is possible to gain on the investment of the compressor.
Selon un objet de l'invention, il est prévu un compresseur de gaz ayant n étages connectés en série où n est égal à au moins 3, chaque étage étant suivi d'un réfrigérant caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux réfrigérants ont des pertes de charge différentes pour le gaz comprimé, le réfrigérant ayant la perte de charge plus basse étant en amont de celui ayant la perte de charge plus élevée. According to an object of the invention, there is provided a gas compressor having n stages connected in series where n is equal to at least 3, each stage being followed by a refrigerant characterized in that at least two refrigerants have losses. different charge for the compressed gas, the refrigerant having the lower pressure drop being upstream of the one with the higher pressure drop.
Selon d'autres aspects facultatifs de l'invention: - le réfrigérant du dernier étage du compresseur a une perte de charge plus élevée que celui du premier; - le compresseur comprend au moins quatre étages dans lequel les derniers étages du compresseur ont une perte de charge plus élevée que les premiers; - au moins deux réfrigérants ont des pertes de charge différentes d'au moins 30%, voire d'au moins 50% ou même d'au moins 100%, le réfrigérant ayant la perte de charge plus basse étant en amont de celui ayant la perte de charge plus élevée; au moins deux réfrigérants ont des pertes de charge différentes d'au moins 100%, le réfrigérant ayant la perte de charge plus basse étant en amont 10 de celui ayant la perte de charge plus élevée. According to other optional aspects of the invention: the refrigerant of the last stage of the compressor has a higher pressure drop than that of the first; the compressor comprises at least four stages in which the last stages of the compressor have a higher pressure drop than the first stages; at least two refrigerants have different pressure drops of at least 30%, or even at least 50% or even at least 100%, the refrigerant having the lower pressure drop being upstream of that having the higher pressure drop; at least two refrigerants have different pressure drops of at least 100%, the refrigerant having the lower pressure drop being upstream of that having the higher pressure drop.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, il est prévu un procédé de compression d'un gaz dans un compresseur ayant n étages connectés en série où n est égal à au moins 3, chaque étage étant suivi d'un réfrigérant caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux réfrigérants ont des pertes de charge différentes pour le gaz comprimé, le réfrigérant ayant la perte de charge plus basse étant en amont de celui ayant la perte de charge plus élevée. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of compressing a gas in a compressor having n stages connected in series where n is equal to at least 3, each stage being followed by a refrigerant characterized in that at least two refrigerants have different pressure drops for the compressed gas, the refrigerant having the lower pressure drop being upstream of the one with the higher pressure drop.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, il est prévu un appareil de séparation d'un mélange gazeux comprenant au moins un compresseur tel que défini précédemment et des moyens pour envoyer un gaz provenant de et/ou destiné à l'appareil à ce compresseur. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for separating a gaseous mixture comprising at least one compressor as defined above and means for sending a gas from and / or intended for the apparatus to this compressor .
De préférence, il est prévu un appareil de séparation d'air tel que défini précédemment comprenant un appareil de distillation cryogénique comprenant au moins une colonne de distillation, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air comprimé à une colonne de l'appareil, des moyens pour soutirer un liquide d'une colonne de l'appareil, des moyens pour vaporiser le liquide par échange de chaleur avec un gaz comprimé, le gaz comprimé ayant été comprimé par au moins un des derniers étages (par le dernier étage) du compresseur et/ou l'air comprimé ayant été comprimé dans le compresseur. Preferably, there is provided an air separation apparatus as defined above comprising a cryogenic distillation apparatus comprising at least one distillation column, means for sending compressed air to a column of the apparatus, means for for withdrawing a liquid from a column of the apparatus, means for vaporizing the liquid by heat exchange with a compressed gas, the compressed gas having been compressed by at least one of the last stages (by the last stage) of the compressor and / or the compressed air having been compressed in the compressor.
Selon d'autres aspects facultatifs, l'appareil comprend des moyens pour 30 vaporiser le liquide par échange de chaleur avec de l'air provenant d'un des derniers étages (du dernier étage) du compresseur. In other optional aspects, the apparatus comprises means for vaporizing the liquid by heat exchange with air from one of the last stages (of the last stage) of the compressor.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, il est prévu un procédé de séparation d'un mélange gazeux par distillation cryogénique dans un système de colonnes dans lequel on comprime un gaz destiné au système de colonnes ou un gaz provenant du système de colonnes, dans un compresseur tel que défini précédemment, le gaz sortant du dernier étage du compresseur étant à une pression supérieure à 5 bars, de préférence supérieure à 10 bars. According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of separating a gas mixture by cryogenic distillation in a column system in which a gas for the column system or a gas from the column system is compressed in a column system. a compressor as defined above, the gas leaving the last stage of the compressor being at a pressure greater than 5 bar, preferably greater than 10 bar.
Selon un autre aspect facultatif, il est prévu un procédé dans lequel i) on comprime un débit d'air à une première pression ii) on surpresse une partie de l'air à la première pression jusqu'à une deuxième pression supérieure à 10 bars iii) on envoie une partie de l'air à la première pression à la distillation dans une colonne du système de colonnes iv) on soutire un débit liquide d'une colonne du système v) on vaporise le débit liquide par échange de chaleur avec de l'air à la deuxième pression caractérisé en ce que vi) on comprime le débit d'air à la première pression et/ou on surpresse la partie de l'air jusqu'à la deuxième pression dans au moins un compresseur 15 tel que défini précédemment. According to another optional aspect, there is provided a method in which i) compressing an air flow rate at a first pressure ii) overpressing a portion of the air at the first pressure to a second pressure greater than 10 bar iii) a portion of the air is sent to the first distillation pressure in a column of the column system; iv) a liquid flow is withdrawn from a column of the system; v) the liquid flow is vaporized by heat exchange with the air at the second pressure characterized in that vi) the air flow is compressed at the first pressure and / or the portion of the air is pressurized to the second pressure in at least one compressor 15 as defined previously.
L'invention sera décrite en plus de détail en se référant aux Figures. Les Figures représentent des appareils de séparation très simplifiés incorporant au moins un compresseur selon l'invention. The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the Figures. The figures represent very simplified separation apparatus incorporating at least one compressor according to the invention.
Dans la Figure 1, un débit d'air 3 à la pression atmosphérique est envoyé 20 à un compresseur 1. In Figure 1, an air flow 3 at atmospheric pressure is sent to a compressor 1.
Le compresseur est constitué des étages Cl, C2, C3, C4 et C5 et de leurs réfrigérants respectifs. Il est: comprimé dans le premier étage C1, refroidi par le réfrigérant intermédiaire R1, comprimé dans le deuxième étage C2, refroidi par le réfrigérant intermédiaire R2, comprimé dans le troisième étage C3, refroidi par le réfrigérant intermédiaire R3, comprimé dans le quatrième étage C4, refroidi par le réfrigérant intermédiaire R4, comprimé dans le cinquième étage C5 et refroidi par le réfrigérant final R5 pour sortir à une pression d'entre 20 et 40 bars. The compressor consists of the stages C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 and their respective refrigerants. It is: compressed in the first stage C1, cooled by the intermediate refrigerant R1, compressed in the second stage C2, cooled by the intermediate refrigerant R2, compressed in the third stage C3, cooled by the intermediate refrigerant R3, compressed in the fourth stage C4, cooled by the intermediate refrigerant R4, compressed in the fifth stage C5 and cooled by the final refrigerant R5 to exit at a pressure of between 20 and 40 bar.
Les pertes de charge de l'air comprimé pour les réfrigérant intermédiaires R1, R2 et R3 sont substantiellement identiques. Or la perte de charge pour le réfrigérant intermédiaire R4 est supérieure d'au moins 30%, de préférence d'au moins 50%, voire d'au moins 100% à celle des réfrigérants précédents R1, R2 et R3. La perte de charge pour le réfrigérant final R5 est supérieure d'au moins 30%, de préférence d'au moins 50%, voire d'au moins 100% à celle du réfrigérant R4. The pressure losses of the compressed air for the intermediate refrigerants R1, R2 and R3 are substantially identical. However, the pressure drop for the intermediate refrigerant R4 is at least 30%, preferably at least 50% or even at least 100% higher than that of the preceding refrigerants R1, R2 and R3. The pressure drop for the final refrigerant R5 is at least 30%, preferably at least 50% or even at least 100% greater than that of the refrigerant R4.
En variante, le réfrigérant R4 peut avoir la même perte de charge que les réfrigérants RI, R2 et R3. Alternatively, the refrigerant R4 may have the same pressure drop as the refrigerants R1, R2 and R3.
Encore en variante, la perte de charge pour le réfrigérant R3 peut être supérieure à celle des réfrigérants RI et R2 d'au moins 30%, de préférence d'au moins 50%, voire 100% et la perte de charge pour le réfrigérant R4 peut être substantiellement égale à celle de R3 ou supérieure à celle-ci d'au moins 30%, de préférence d'au moins 50%, voire d'au moinsl00%. Alternatively, the pressure drop for the refrigerant R3 may be greater than that of the refrigerants R1 and R2 by at least 30%, preferably at least 50% or even 100% and the pressure drop for the refrigerant R4 may be substantially equal to or greater than that of R3 by at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, or even at least 100%.
L'air refroidi dans le réfrigérant R5 est envoyé à une étape d'épuration 5 et ensuite à un appareil de séparation d'air 7 opérant par distillation 15 cryogénique ou une autre technique, pour produire un produit 9 qui peut être de l'oxygène et/ou de l'azote et/ou de l'argon. The cooled air in the refrigerant R5 is sent to a purification step 5 and then to an air separation apparatus 7 operating by cryogenic distillation or other technique, to produce a product 9 which may be oxygen and / or nitrogen and / or argon.
Dans la Figure 2, un débit d'air 3 à la pression atmosphérique est envoyé à un compresseur 1. In Figure 2, a flow of air 3 at atmospheric pressure is sent to a compressor 1.
Le compresseur est constitué des étages Cl, C2, C3, C4 et C5 et de 20 leurs réfrigérants respectifs. Il est: comprimé dans le premier étage Cl, refroidi par le réfrigérant intermédiaire R1, comprimé dans le deuxième étage C2, refroidi par le réfrigérant intermédiaire R2, comprimé dans le troisième étage C3, refroidi par le réfrigérant intermédiaire R3 et ensuite envoyé à une étape d'épuration. Un débit épuré 6 sort de l'étape d'épuration pour être envoyé à l'appareil de séparation d'air 7 ou ailleurs. Le reste de l'air épuré 8 est comprimé dans le quatrième étage C4, refroidi par le réfrigérant 30 intermédiaire R4, comprimé dans le cinquième étage C5 et refroidi par le réfrigérant final R5 pour sortir à une pression d'entre 20 et 40 bars. Ce gaz peut ensuite servir à vaporiser un liquide pompé sous pression dans un échangeur de l'appareil de séparation d'air 7. The compressor consists of stages C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 and their respective refrigerants. It is: compressed in the first stage C1, cooled by the intermediate refrigerant R1, compressed in the second stage C2, cooled by the intermediate refrigerant R2, compressed in the third stage C3, cooled by the intermediate refrigerant R3 and then sent to a stage treatment. A purified flow 6 leaves the purification stage to be sent to the air separation unit 7 or elsewhere. The remainder of the purified air 8 is compressed in the fourth stage C4, cooled by the intermediate refrigerant R4, compressed in the fifth stage C5 and cooled by the final refrigerant R5 to exit at a pressure of between 20 and 40 bar. This gas can then be used to vaporize a liquid pumped under pressure in an exchanger of the air separation apparatus 7.
Les pertes de charge sur l'air pour les réfrigérant intermédiaires R1, R2 et R3 sont substantiellement identiques. Or la perte de charge pour le réfrigérant intermédiaire R4 est supérieure d'au moins 30%, de préférence d'au moins 50%, voire 100% à celle des réfrigérants précédents R1, R2 et R3. La perte de charge pour le réfrigérant final R5 est supérieure d'au moins 30%, de préférence d'au moins 50%, voire d'au moins 100% à celle du réfrigérant R4. The pressure losses on the air for the intermediate refrigerants R1, R2 and R3 are substantially identical. However, the pressure drop for the intermediate refrigerant R4 is at least 30%, preferably at least 50% or even 100% higher than that of the preceding refrigerants R1, R2 and R3. The pressure drop for the final refrigerant R5 is at least 30%, preferably at least 50% or even at least 100% greater than that of the refrigerant R4.
En variante, le réfrigérant R4 peut avoir la même perte de charge que les réfrigérants R1, R2 et R3. Alternatively, the refrigerant R4 may have the same pressure drop as the refrigerants R1, R2 and R3.
Encore en variante, la perte de charge pour le réfrigérant R3 peut être supérieure à celle des réfrigérants RI et R2 d'au moins 30%, de préférence d'au moins 50%, voire 100% et la perte de charge pour le réfrigérant R4 peut être substantiellement égale à celle de R3 ou supérieure à celle-ci d'au moins 30%, de préférence d'au moins 50%, voire d'au moins100%. Alternatively, the pressure drop for the refrigerant R3 may be greater than that of the refrigerants R1 and R2 by at least 30%, preferably at least 50% or even 100% and the pressure drop for the refrigerant R4 may be substantially equal to or greater than that of R3 by at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, or even at least 100%.
Dans cet exemple, les étages Cl, C2 et C3 compriment tout l'air à une pression intermédiaire et seule une partie de l'air est comprimée à la pression maximale dans les étages C4, C5 qui forment un surpresseur. Tous les étages Cl, C2, C3, C4 et C5 sont sur le même axe et forment partie du compresseur 1. In this example, the stages C1, C2 and C3 compress all the air at an intermediate pressure and only a portion of the air is compressed at the maximum pressure in the stages C4, C5 which form a booster. All the stages C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 are on the same axis and form part of the compressor 1.
L'air 8 refroidi dans le réfrigérant final R5 est envoyé à l'appareil de séparation d'air. The air 8 cooled in the final refrigerant R5 is sent to the air separation apparatus.
Dans la Figure 3, de l'air 3 est comprimé dans une compresseur 1 qui peut être celui décrit dans les Figures 1 ou 2, l'air comprimé est épuré et envoyé à l'appareil de séparation d'air 7. De l'azote gazeux 9 est soutiré de l'appareil 7 et envoyé à un compresseur 11, constitué par trois étages CA1, CA2 et CA3. La pression de l'azote est au-dessus de la pression atmosphérique, de préférence entre 1,5 et 10 bars. In FIG. 3, air 3 is compressed in a compressor 1 which may be that described in FIG. 1 or 2, the compressed air is purified and sent to the air separation apparatus 7. From the Nitrogen gas 9 is withdrawn from the apparatus 7 and sent to a compressor 11, consisting of three stages CA1, CA2 and CA3. The pressure of the nitrogen is above atmospheric pressure, preferably between 1.5 and 10 bar.
L'azote est: comprimé dans le premier étage CA1, refroidi par le réfrigérant intermédiaire RAI, comprimé dans le deuxième étage CA2, refroidi par le réfrigérant 30 intermédiaire RA2, comprimé dans le troisième étage CA3 et refroidi par le réfrigérant final RA3. The nitrogen is: compressed in the first stage CA1, cooled by the intermediate refrigerant RAI, compressed in the second stage CA2, cooled by the intermediate refrigerant RA2, compressed in the third stage CA3 and cooled by the final refrigerant RA3.
La perte de charge sur l'azote du réfrigérant final RA3 est supérieure d'au moins 30%, de préférence d'au moins 50%, voire d'au moins 100% à celle du réfrigérant RA2 et du réfrigérant RAI. The pressure drop on the nitrogen of the final refrigerant RA3 is at least 30%, preferably at least 50% or even at least 100% higher than that of the refrigerant RA2 and the refrigerant RAI.
L'invention s'applique en particulier à la séparation par distillation cryogénique mais peut être utilisée dans des séparations à températures plus élevées. Le mélange gazeux à séparer décrit dans les exemples est de l'air mais peut être par exemple constitué de monoxyde de carbone et/ou d'hydrogène et/ou de méthane et/ou d'azote et/ou de l'hélium comme principaux composants. The invention is particularly applicable to separation by cryogenic distillation but can be used in separations at higher temperatures. The gaseous mixture to be separated described in the examples is air but may for example consist of carbon monoxide and / or hydrogen and / or methane and / or nitrogen and / or helium as main components. components.
Le compresseur peut être un compresseur d'air, d'azote, d'oxygène, d'argon, d'un gaz de synthèse, d'hydrogène, de monoxyde de carbone, d'hélium, de méthane ou de tout autre gaz. The compressor may be a compressor of air, nitrogen, oxygen, argon, synthesis gas, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, helium, methane or any other gas.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0350978A FR2863348B1 (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2003-12-05 | GAS COMPRESSOR, APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING A GAS MIXTURE INCORPORATING SUCH A COMPRESSOR, AND METHOD FOR SEPARATING A GAS MIXTURE INCORPORATING SUCH A COMPRESSOR |
PCT/FR2004/050615 WO2005057111A1 (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2004-11-24 | Gas compressor, device comprising said compressor and gaseous mixture separating method using said compressor |
CNB2004800360783A CN100473928C (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2004-11-24 | Gas compressor, and gaseous mixture separating device and method using the same |
US10/580,797 US20070122272A1 (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2004-11-24 | Gas compressor, unit for separating a gas mixture incorporating such a compressor, and method of separating a gas mixture incorporating such a compressor |
EP04805857A EP1692443A1 (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2004-11-24 | Gas compressor, device comprising said compressor and gaseous mixture separating method using said compressor |
JP2006541989A JP2007518048A (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2004-11-24 | Gas compressor, gas mixture separation apparatus incorporating a gas compressor, and gas mixture separation method incorporating a gas compressor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0350978A FR2863348B1 (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2003-12-05 | GAS COMPRESSOR, APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING A GAS MIXTURE INCORPORATING SUCH A COMPRESSOR, AND METHOD FOR SEPARATING A GAS MIXTURE INCORPORATING SUCH A COMPRESSOR |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2863348A1 true FR2863348A1 (en) | 2005-06-10 |
FR2863348B1 FR2863348B1 (en) | 2006-12-22 |
Family
ID=34586439
Family Applications (1)
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FR0350978A Expired - Fee Related FR2863348B1 (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2003-12-05 | GAS COMPRESSOR, APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING A GAS MIXTURE INCORPORATING SUCH A COMPRESSOR, AND METHOD FOR SEPARATING A GAS MIXTURE INCORPORATING SUCH A COMPRESSOR |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20070122272A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1692443A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007518048A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100473928C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2863348B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005057111A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2010111357A2 (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-09-30 | Concepts Eti, Inc. | High-flow-capacity centrifugal hydrogen gas compression systems, methods and components therefor |
CN111322265B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2022-02-11 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | Anti-surge system of centrifugal compressor and control method |
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DE1026477B (en) * | 1955-03-31 | 1958-03-20 | Demag Ag | Centrifugal compressor with more than two stages on a common shaft and with an intermediate cooler behind each stage |
DE3008577A1 (en) * | 1980-03-06 | 1981-09-10 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Oxygen and nitrogen mfr. from air in cryogenic plant - with inexpensive predrying of air via two absorbers filled with alumina gel and sepd. by cooler |
US4417847A (en) * | 1981-08-14 | 1983-11-29 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Separate quench and evaporative cooling of compressor discharge stream |
US5341647A (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1994-08-30 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Porcess and apparatus for the production of high pressure nitrogen and oxygen |
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JPS5770921A (en) * | 1980-10-20 | 1982-05-01 | Setsuo Yamamoto | Gas turbine equipment |
JPS63160396U (en) * | 1987-04-07 | 1988-10-20 | ||
JPS63190598U (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-12-08 | ||
JPS6446498U (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1989-03-22 | ||
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US6808017B1 (en) * | 1999-10-05 | 2004-10-26 | Joseph Kaellis | Heat exchanger |
US6685903B2 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2004-02-03 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Method of purifying and recycling argon |
-
2003
- 2003-12-05 FR FR0350978A patent/FR2863348B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-11-24 WO PCT/FR2004/050615 patent/WO2005057111A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-11-24 JP JP2006541989A patent/JP2007518048A/en active Pending
- 2004-11-24 CN CNB2004800360783A patent/CN100473928C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-11-24 US US10/580,797 patent/US20070122272A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-11-24 EP EP04805857A patent/EP1692443A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
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DE1026477B (en) * | 1955-03-31 | 1958-03-20 | Demag Ag | Centrifugal compressor with more than two stages on a common shaft and with an intermediate cooler behind each stage |
DE3008577A1 (en) * | 1980-03-06 | 1981-09-10 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Oxygen and nitrogen mfr. from air in cryogenic plant - with inexpensive predrying of air via two absorbers filled with alumina gel and sepd. by cooler |
US4417847A (en) * | 1981-08-14 | 1983-11-29 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Separate quench and evaporative cooling of compressor discharge stream |
US5341647A (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1994-08-30 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Porcess and apparatus for the production of high pressure nitrogen and oxygen |
US5596885A (en) * | 1994-06-20 | 1997-01-28 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and installation for the production of gaseous oxygen under pressure |
EP0752565A2 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1997-01-08 | The BOC Group plc | Production of Argon |
US5901579A (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 1999-05-11 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic air separation system with integrated machine compression |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1890524A (en) | 2007-01-03 |
CN100473928C (en) | 2009-04-01 |
US20070122272A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
FR2863348B1 (en) | 2006-12-22 |
JP2007518048A (en) | 2007-07-05 |
WO2005057111A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
EP1692443A1 (en) | 2006-08-23 |
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