FR2822740A1 - Fabrication of toothed drive components by laser cutting of smooth plates into two plates incorporating a smooth side and a toothed side - Google Patents
Fabrication of toothed drive components by laser cutting of smooth plates into two plates incorporating a smooth side and a toothed side Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2822740A1 FR2822740A1 FR0104305A FR0104305A FR2822740A1 FR 2822740 A1 FR2822740 A1 FR 2822740A1 FR 0104305 A FR0104305 A FR 0104305A FR 0104305 A FR0104305 A FR 0104305A FR 2822740 A1 FR2822740 A1 FR 2822740A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- toothed
- smooth
- rack
- cut
- pinion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F17/00—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups
- B23F17/001—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups for making gear pairs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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PROCEDE DE FABRICATION DE CREMAILLERE PAR DECOUPE LASER
L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de crémaillères de tout module utilisées aussi bien pour le levage, que pour la traction ou la translation. Par extension le procédé est applicable à toute forme courbe, y compris les formes circulaires (pignon). LASER CUTTING RACK MANUFACTURING PROCESS
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing racks of any module used both for lifting, as for traction or translation. By extension, the process is applicable to any curved shape, including circular shapes (pinion).
L'invention a pour but d'apporter une économie sensible dans leur fabrication en elle-même, tant en matière, qu'en temps et qu'en énergie, tout en améliorant leurs qualités mécaniques et leur durée de vie. The invention aims to provide significant savings in their manufacture in itself, both in terms of material, time and energy, while improving their mechanical qualities and their lifespan.
Traditionnellement les crémaillères rectilignes sont faites à partir de barres de section carrées ou rectangulaires dans lesquelles on taille des dents du module désiré. Traditionally rectilinear racks are made from square or rectangular section bars in which teeth of the desired module are cut.
La taille se fait soit avec des outils grande vitesse, généralement dent par dent, soit par des outils lents, généralement 3 à 5 dents à la fois. Pruning is done either with high speed tools, usually tooth by tooth, or with slow tools, usually 3 to 5 teeth at a time.
L'amélioration de la qualité de l'acier (ou autres matériaux) des crémaillères impose des outils de coupe plus performants, donc plus chers et qui s'usent plus vite. Cet usinage induit une quantité importante de copeaux de métal de l'ordre de 20% de la matière totale, 50% des dents elles-mêmes. Improving the quality of the steel (or other materials) of the racks requires more efficient cutting tools, therefore more expensive and which wear out faster. This machining induces a significant amount of metal chips of the order of 20% of the total material, 50% of the teeth themselves.
Selon un premier aspect de l'invention, on propose de couper une plaque de métal en deux parties à l'aide d'un rayon laser fin et précis (ou par électroérosion), de telle manière que les 2 parties issues de la découpe forment chacune une crémaillère, ainsi il n'y a pas d'autre déchet que les résidus de brûlage du métal qui sont largement inférieurs à 1 % de la masse usinée (Figure 1). According to a first aspect of the invention, it is proposed to cut a metal plate into two parts using a fine and precise laser beam (or by electroerosion), in such a way that the 2 parts resulting from the cutting form each a rack, so there is no other waste than the metal burning residues which are much less than 1% of the machined mass (Figure 1).
L'état de la technique ne permet pas aujourd'hui de couper des épaisseurs supérieures à environ 20 mm dans des aciers standards et moins si les aciers sont à haute résistance. The state of the art today does not allow thicknesses greater than about 20 mm to be cut in standard steels and less if the steels are of high strength.
Selon un deuxième aspect de l'invention on propose d'assembler plusieurs crémaillères de relative faible épaisseur ainsi obtenue par découpe laser (tranches) afin d'en faire une crémaillère de l'épaisseur désirée. According to a second aspect of the invention, it is proposed to assemble several racks of relatively small thickness thus obtained by laser cutting (slices) in order to make it a rack of the desired thickness.
L'assemblage peut se faire par axage, boulonnage, soudage. The assembly can be done by axis, bolting, welding.
Pour parfaire l'invention, on intercalera avantageusement entre chaque tranche de crémaillère une tôle fine, de l'ordre du millimètre, cette tôle couvrant au plus toute la surface de contact entre deux tranches à l'exception de la surface de contact des dents entre elles. En effet, dans l'état To perfect the invention, advantageously, a thin sheet, of the order of a millimeter, is inserted between each rack section, this sheet covering at most the entire contact surface between two sections with the exception of the contact surface of the teeth between they. Indeed, in the state
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actuel de la technique de crémaillères monoblocs, la graisse nécessaire à la lubrification du système à tendance, par l'extrême pression à laquelle elle est soumise, à fluer et à être rejetée sur les côtés, perdant ainsi son utilité. En intercalant des plaques fines, la graisse va être bloquée entre deux tranches et au passage du pignon, il se produira une circulation de graisse en circuit fermé, rendant la lubrification très efficace. current in the technique of one-piece racks, the grease necessary for the lubrication of the tendency system, by the extreme pressure to which it is subjected, to creep and to be rejected on the sides, thus losing its usefulness. By inserting thin plates, the fat will be blocked between two slices and when the pinion passes, there will be a circulation of fat in a closed circuit, making lubrication very effective.
Selon un troisième aspect de l'invention, on propose d'utiliser des aciers de haute qualité qui ne pourraient être découpés avec des outils conventionnels et qui peuvent l'être avec un rayon laser. According to a third aspect of the invention, it is proposed to use high quality steels which cannot be cut with conventional tools and which can be cut with a laser beam.
Selon un quatrième aspect de l'invention, on choisit des aciers ayant des qualités d'auto trempage bien spécifiques, de telle manière que, après découpe au rayon laser, par action naturelle de l'air ou par aspersion dirigée d'un fluide de refroidissement, la surface préalablement chauffée par le rayon laser voit sa dureté et sa résistance à l'abrasion localement renforcées
Selon un cinquième aspect de l'invention, on associe à une crémaillère ainsi formée, un pignon constitué du même nombre de tranches de la même épaisseur, toutes séparées par des tôles intercalaires d'épaisseur identique. Ainsi après alignement précis, à chaque tranche de crémaillère correspond une tranche de pignon. According to a fourth aspect of the invention, steels having very specific self-quenching qualities are chosen, so that, after cutting with a laser beam, by natural action of air or by directed spraying of a cooling, the surface previously heated by the laser beam sees its hardness and resistance to abrasion locally reinforced
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, a rack thus formed is associated with a pinion consisting of the same number of sections of the same thickness, all separated by intermediate sheets of identical thickness. So after precise alignment, each rack slice corresponds to a pinion slice.
En effet, suivant l'état actuel de la technique utilisant de larges crémaillères monoblocs avec des pignons taillés dans la masse, du fait des défauts d'alignement, il est fréquent que dans la réalité un coin seulement de dent de crémaillère soit en contact avec une petite portion de dent de pignon, augmentant ainsi le risque de rupture de dent, et les pressions locales extrêmes accélérant considérablement l'usure des pignons et des crémaillères. In fact, according to the current state of the art using large monoblock racks with gears cut in the mass, due to misalignments, it is frequent that in reality only one corner of the rack tooth is in contact with a small portion of the pinion tooth, thereby increasing the risk of tooth rupture, and the extreme local pressures considerably accelerating the wear of the pinions and racks.
Le fait que chaque tranche de crémaillère corresponde à une tranche de pignon améliore la surface de contact. The fact that each rack slice corresponds to a pinion slice improves the contact surface.
Pour parfaire l'invention, on peut imaginer que les tranches de pignon ou de crémaillère soient accouplées d'une manière élastique en rotation, soit par ressort, soit par moyen intermédiaire en caoutchouc ou similaire, de telle manière que l'effort se répartisse d'une manière presque égale sur chaque tranche de pignon et de crémaillère. To perfect the invention, one can imagine that the slices of pinion or rack are coupled in an elastic manner in rotation, either by spring, or by intermediate means of rubber or the like, so that the force is distributed between '' an almost equal way on each slice of pinion and rack.
Pour parfaire l'invention, on peut imaginer que les n tranches de crémaillère soient décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre de la longueur du pas To perfect the invention, one can imagine that the n rack sections are offset from each other by the length of the step
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divisées par n et que l'on procède de même avec les tranches de pignon associées. Ainsi au lieu d'avoir un engrainement brutal, instantané et bruyant à chaque coïncidence de dents, cet engagement est multiplié par n. divided by n and we do the same with the associated pinion slices. So instead of having a brutal, instantaneous and noisy training at each coincidence of teeth, this engagement is multiplied by n.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0104305A FR2822740B1 (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2001-03-29 | LASER CUTTING MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0104305A FR2822740B1 (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2001-03-29 | LASER CUTTING MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2822740A1 true FR2822740A1 (en) | 2002-10-04 |
FR2822740B1 FR2822740B1 (en) | 2003-07-04 |
Family
ID=8861728
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR0104305A Expired - Lifetime FR2822740B1 (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2001-03-29 | LASER CUTTING MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2822740B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITPR20120068A1 (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-04-18 | Domotime S R L | PROCEDURE FOR THE REALIZATION OF RACKS FOR AUTOMATISMS FOR GATES |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3711915A (en) * | 1971-08-05 | 1973-01-23 | W Wright | Method of making toothed racks |
US5164957A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1992-11-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Energy beam director apparatus |
JPH0724632A (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1995-01-27 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Manufacture of circular saw blade |
US5388484A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1995-02-14 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Method of manufacturing diamond-impregnated drilling crowns |
EP0919320A1 (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-02 | L.V.D. Company N.V. | Laser cutting device |
-
2001
- 2001-03-29 FR FR0104305A patent/FR2822740B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3711915A (en) * | 1971-08-05 | 1973-01-23 | W Wright | Method of making toothed racks |
US5164957A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1992-11-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Energy beam director apparatus |
US5388484A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1995-02-14 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Method of manufacturing diamond-impregnated drilling crowns |
JPH0724632A (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1995-01-27 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Manufacture of circular saw blade |
EP0919320A1 (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-02 | L.V.D. Company N.V. | Laser cutting device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1995, no. 04 31 May 1995 (1995-05-31) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITPR20120068A1 (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-04-18 | Domotime S R L | PROCEDURE FOR THE REALIZATION OF RACKS FOR AUTOMATISMS FOR GATES |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2822740B1 (en) | 2003-07-04 |
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