WO2011089329A1 - Hollow crankshaft having an offset parting line - Google Patents
Hollow crankshaft having an offset parting line Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011089329A1 WO2011089329A1 PCT/FR2010/052740 FR2010052740W WO2011089329A1 WO 2011089329 A1 WO2011089329 A1 WO 2011089329A1 FR 2010052740 W FR2010052740 W FR 2010052740W WO 2011089329 A1 WO2011089329 A1 WO 2011089329A1
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- crankshaft
- plane
- assembled
- parts
- assembly
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/04—Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
- F16C3/06—Crankshafts
- F16C3/10—Crankshafts assembled of several parts, e.g. by welding by crimping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
- B22D25/02—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product by its peculiarity of shape; of works of art
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hollow crankshaft with a joint plane offset from the axial plane of symmetry, a motor and a vehicle equipped with this crankshaft and the method of manufacturing such a crankshaft.
- crankshaft The function of a crankshaft is through a crank-rod system to transform the reciprocating rectilinear movements of the pistons into a continuous rotary motion.
- crank-rod At the ends, side “crankshaft” is the timing pulley and the opposite side plateau the flywheel.
- crankshaft In operation, the crankshaft is subjected to different types of constraint:
- crankshafts that equip the engines of today's vehicles are generally manufactured in one piece, for example forged or cast.
- the material used, such as cast iron and steel, is therefore present in all the sections of the part, which makes it necessary to produce, during the machining operations, passage orifices for the oil making it possible to lubricate the bearings and the bearings.
- a steel crankshaft thus has a mass of about 12 to 15 kg, about 10% of the mass of the engine.
- the potential in mass gain is significant if one can remove a portion of the material in the center of the crank pins and trunnions, the material in these areas being uneconomical for rigidity and holding the crankshaft.
- crankshaft consisting of a number of individual elements provided with cavities in their interior thus reducing the weight and assembled to each other to form the crankshaft.
- the individual elements are thus assembled by welds extending transversely to the axis of the crankshaft.
- Such crankshaft if it has a more interesting weight also has the risk of rupture at the welds under the effect of torsional stresses.
- crankshaft using two pieces of sheet metal stamped and welded together with assembly joints oriented along the crankshaft as described in particular in FR 2,020,149.
- assembly of the two parts can be achieved by resistance welding under pressure or it can also be achieved by fitting the parts on one another by hooping.
- crankshafts are therefore preferred in which the assembly is carried out by welding or brazing of the two parts assembled edge to edge along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft.
- the welding plane of the two half-shells extends along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft and in the axial plane of symmetry of said crankshaft passing through the tops of the crank pins. It was then possible to realize after test on the engine bench that the part is broken at the level of the welded zones (in several places). This is due to the fact that the weld bead is located at the most stressed areas, the weld plane passing through the areas of maximum stress of the crankshaft and any welding defect is then an aggravating factor for holding the crankshaft.
- the invention therefore aims to overcome these disadvantages and to achieve a hollow crankshaft, lightweight, consisting of at least two parts or half-shells obtained by casting in the foundry, and which, together, define a hollow inner section said crankshaft allowing a circulation of lubricating oil for example and a lightening of the workpiece, and which is also capable of transmitting a large torque while being able to be manufactured relatively simply and economically advantageous.
- the invention relates to a hollow crankshaft having an axial plane of symmetry, consisting of at least two main hollow parts obtained by casting in the foundry and welded together along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft, characterized in that the two main parts are assembled to one another along a longitudinal plane and perpendicular to the axial plane of symmetry of the crankshaft, each part comprising at least one half-pin, at least one counterweight and at least one partial crankpin , a complementary partial crank pin being assembled on each partial crank of the main parts according to an assembly plane extending parallel to the assembly plane of the main parts.
- crank pins and trunnions are obtained hollow directly from the foundry casting process by simple shapes and can be cleaned which ensures excellent cleanliness of the oil circuit.
- the hollows obtained inside the future crankshaft communicate or not between them at the arms according to the structure of the crankshaft with or without low overlap.
- a crankshaft according to the invention provides a hollow crankshaft whose mass gain does not impair the mechanical strength.
- the invention also relates to an engine equipped with a crankshaft according to the invention and a vehicle equipped with such a motor.
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a crankshaft according to the invention in which is molded in the foundry two main hollow parts each comprising at least one half-pin, at least one counterweight and at least one crankpin partially so that said parts are assembled to each other along an assembly plane perpendicular to the axial plane of symmetry of the crankshaft, said main parts are assembled according to said assembly plane, and each partial crank pin is assembled on complementary partial crank pin obtained from molding also according to an assembly plane extending parallel to the assembly plane of the main parts.
- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the parts in the rough in the plane x-x 'constituting a crankshaft for four-cylinder engine according to the invention
- Figure 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view along the x-x 'plane of a crankshaft for four-cylinder engine assembled according to the invention before cutting the bridges;
- Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view along the x-x 'plane of a crankshaft for two-cylinder engine assembled according to the invention.
- crankshaft 1 for a four-cylinder engine made of steel and composed of several parts which are then welded. Each of the parts constituting such a crankshaft 1 is obtained by a cast steel casting.
- a crankshaft 1 comprises five pins 4, four crank pins 5, arms 6 extending between a pin 4 and a crankpin 5, and eight counterweights 7 associated with the opposite of Each crankpin 5.
- Such crankshaft 1 has an axial plane of symmetry ⁇ , ⁇ '(here the plane of the sheet).
- crankshaft 1 The elementary parts constituting a crankshaft 1 are shown exploded in Figure 1.
- the crankshaft 1 with four crank pins 4 is thus constituted of two main parts 2, 3 or half-shells assembled to each other along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft 1.
- each has two crankpins 5 partial, preferably a half-crank pin, and four counterweight 7 for example so that the assembly of parts 2, 3 allows the facing of a partial crank pin 5 of one of the parts and two counterweights 7 of the other, for example.
- the partial crank pins 5 are then completed using complementary partial crank pins 8 also obtained by molding, assembled according to an assembly plane 1 1 parallel to the assembly plane 10.
- the two parts or half-shells 2, 3 are made by molding so as to be hollow.
- we obtain a substantial gain in weight of the final crankshaft which however have "material bridges” 9 at the arms 6 serving to maintain the elements and ensure the size of the crankshaft 1 when assembling the half-shells.
- These "bridges" 9 are therefore the same length as the crank pins 5 and are intended to be cut after assembly (the cut portion being shown hatched in Figure 2).
- crankshaft 1 Each part constituting the crankshaft 1 according to the invention is obtained by casting in a steel foundry. Two pieces or half-shells are thus produced 2, 3 hollow relatively simple shapes and a part corresponding to a partial crank 8 preferably half a crankpin.
- the molded half-pin 8 can be made hollow and in a less expensive steel material. Indeed this half-pin is very little mechanically solicited.
- the elements can be welded to the various elements by known welding processes such induction, resistance, TIG or other welding, linear friction.
- the alignment of the elements is checked at the time of welding, then the outer beads of the welded crankshaft 1 are deburred and then air-cooled, an aspect control, a dimensional control and a magnetoscopic control.
- crankshaft can be reinforced using roller burnishing, nitriding, shot blasting or HF quenching or induction.
- crankshaft is less sensitive to welding defects which thus has a gain in mechanical strength because the welded zone is not located in the most stressed plane.
- Such a crankshaft allows iso-performance to gain higher mass gains.
- crankshaft 1 may be for a two-cylinder engine.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hollow crankshaft having an axial plane of symmetry, consisting of at least two main parts (2, 3) produced by forging and weld-assembled along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft (1). According to the invention, the two main parts (2, 3) are hollow and assembled together along a longitudinal plane (10) perpendicular to the axial plane of symmetry (x, x') of the crankshaft (1), each part comprising at least one half-journal (4), at least one counterweight (7) and at least one partial crankpin (5), a complementary partial crankpin (8) being assembled to each partial crankpin (5) of the main parts (2, 3) along an assembly plane (11) that extends parallel to the assembly plane (10) of the main parts (2, 3).
Description
Vilebrequin creux à plan de joint décalé Hollow crankshaft with offset joint plane
[0001 ] La présente invention revendique la priorité de la demande française 1050439 déposée le 22 Janvier 2010 dont le contenu (texte, dessins et revendications) est ici incorporé par référence. The present invention claims the priority of the French application 1050439 filed January 22, 2010 whose content (text, drawings and claims) is here incorporated by reference.
[ooo2] L'invention concerne un vilebrequin creux à plan de joint décalé par rapport au plan de symétrie axiale, un moteur et un véhicule équipé de ce vilebrequin ainsi que le procédé de fabrication d'un tel vilebrequin. The invention relates to a hollow crankshaft with a joint plane offset from the axial plane of symmetry, a motor and a vehicle equipped with this crankshaft and the method of manufacturing such a crankshaft.
[ooo3] La fonction d'un vilebrequin consiste au travers d'un système bielles - manivelle à transformer les mouvements rectilignes alternatifs des pistons en un mouvement rotatif continu. Aux extrémités, coté « queue de vilebrequin » se situe la poulie de distribution et à l'opposé coté plateau le volant moteur. [Ooo3] The function of a crankshaft is through a crank-rod system to transform the reciprocating rectilinear movements of the pistons into a continuous rotary motion. At the ends, side "crankshaft" is the timing pulley and the opposite side plateau the flywheel.
[ooo4] De manière classique, les motorisations les moins sollicitées sont équipées de vilebrequins en fonte, tandis que pour les pièces plus chargées, les critères de tenue font choisir des solutions en acier forgé. [ooo4] Conventionally, the less popular engines are equipped with crankshafts cast iron, while for more loaded parts, the holding criteria have forged steel solutions choose.
[ooo5] En fonctionnement, le vilebrequin est soumis à différents types de contrainte : [ooo5] In operation, the crankshaft is subjected to different types of constraint:
- de flexion, qui sont concentrées dans les gorges de raccordement (efforts des bielles) - bending, which are concentrated in the connecting grooves (efforts of connecting rods)
- de torsion, qui sollicitent principalement les milieux des tourillons et les orifices de graissage - of torsion, which mainly solicit the mediums of the trunnions and the grease orifices
- des vibrations de torsions et de flexion - torsional and flexural vibrations
- d'usures des paliers et manetons ou des matériaux antagonistes en relation avec la lubrification. - wear of bearings and crank pins or antagonistic materials in connection with lubrication.
[ooo6] Les vilebrequins qui équipent les moteurs des véhicules actuels sont des pièces généralement fabriquées en une seule pièce par exemple forgées à la presse ou coulées. La matière utilisée telle que la fonte, l'acier est de ce fait présente dans toutes les sections de la pièce ce qui nécessite de réaliser au cours des opérations d'usinage des orifices de passage pour l'huile permettant de lubrifier les paliers et les manetons présents sur le vilebrequin.
[0007] Du fait des formes pleines d'un tel vilebrequin, celui-ci présente généralement un poids important qu'il n'est pas possible de réduire sans toucher à la géométrie et aux dimensions des formes extérieures du vilebrequin. [ooo6] The crankshafts that equip the engines of today's vehicles are generally manufactured in one piece, for example forged or cast. The material used, such as cast iron and steel, is therefore present in all the sections of the part, which makes it necessary to produce, during the machining operations, passage orifices for the oil making it possible to lubricate the bearings and the bearings. crank pins present on the crankshaft. Due to the solid shapes of such a crankshaft, it usually has a significant weight that it is not possible to reduce without affecting the geometry and dimensions of the outer forms of the crankshaft.
[ooo8] Un vilebrequin acier présente ainsi une masse d'environ 12 à 15 kg, soit environ 10% de la masse du moteur. Le potentiel en gain de masse est significatif si l'on peut supprimer une partie de la matière dans le centre des manetons et tourillons, la matière dans ces zones étant peu rentable pour la rigidité et la tenue du vilebrequin. [ooo8] A steel crankshaft thus has a mass of about 12 to 15 kg, about 10% of the mass of the engine. The potential in mass gain is significant if one can remove a portion of the material in the center of the crank pins and trunnions, the material in these areas being uneconomical for rigidity and holding the crankshaft.
[ooo9] De manière à réduire le poids d'une telle pièce, on a proposé dans FR 2 802 591 de réaliser un vilebrequin mécanosoudé constitué d'un certain nombre d'éléments individuels pourvus de cavités en leur intérieur réduisant ainsi le poids et assemblés les uns aux autres pour constituer le vilebrequin. Les éléments individuels sont ainsi assemblés par des soudures s'étendant transversalement à l'axe du vilebrequin. Un tel vilebrequin s'il présente un poids plus intéressant présente aussi des risques de rupture au niveau des soudures sous l'effet des contraintes de torsion. [ooo9] In order to reduce the weight of such a part, it has been proposed in FR 2 802 591 to produce a mechanically welded crankshaft consisting of a number of individual elements provided with cavities in their interior thus reducing the weight and assembled to each other to form the crankshaft. The individual elements are thus assembled by welds extending transversely to the axis of the crankshaft. Such crankshaft if it has a more interesting weight also has the risk of rupture at the welds under the effect of torsional stresses.
[ooi o] On a proposé également de réaliser un vilebrequin à l'aide de deux pièces de tôle embouties puis soudées entre elles avec des joints d'assemblage orientés le long du vilebrequin comme cela est notamment décrit dans FR 2 020 149. L'assemblage des deux pièces peut être réalisé par soudage par résistance sous pression ou il peut également être réalisé par emmanchement des pièces l'une sur l'autre par frettage. [ooi o] It has also been proposed to make a crankshaft using two pieces of sheet metal stamped and welded together with assembly joints oriented along the crankshaft as described in particular in FR 2,020,149. assembly of the two parts can be achieved by resistance welding under pressure or it can also be achieved by fitting the parts on one another by hooping.
[ooi i ] Un tel procédé de fabrication permet donc d'obtenir un vilebrequin creux dans lequel la matière se trouve réduite à celle constituant la paroi extérieure du vilebrequin tandis que la totalité de la section intérieure demeure disponible pour une circulation d'huile, par exemple. On obtient ainsi un gain de poids intéressant. Toutefois, l'assemblage par frettage est relativement complexe à mettre en œuvre et en outre la résistance d'un vilebrequin ainsi assemblé peut ne pas être suffisante. [Ooi i] Such a manufacturing process thus provides a hollow crankshaft in which the material is reduced to that constituting the outer wall of the crankshaft while the entire inner section remains available for circulation of oil, by example. This gives an interesting weight gain. However, the hooping assembly is relatively complex to implement and further the strength of a crankshaft thus assembled may not be sufficient.
[ooi 2] On préfère donc des vilebrequins dans lesquels l'assemblage s'effectue par soudage ou brasage des deux pièces assemblées bord à bord selon l'axe longitudinal du vilebrequin. [ooi 3] Toutefois, on a pu s'apercevoir que de tels assemblages ne présentent pas toujours des qualités suffisantes en termes de résistance.
[0014] Par ailleurs, le plan de soudage des deux demi-coquilles s'étend le long de l'axe longitudinal du vilebrequin et dans le plan de symétrie axial dudit vilebrequin passant par les sommets des manetons. On a pu alors se rendre compte après essai au banc moteur que la pièce est cassée au niveau des zones soudées (en plusieurs endroits). Ceci est notamment dû au fait que le cordon de soudure est localisé au niveau des zones les plus sollicitées, le plan de soudure traversant les zones de contrainte maximale du vilebrequin et tout défaut de soudure est alors un facteur aggravant pour la tenue du vilebrequin. [Ooi 2] Crankshafts are therefore preferred in which the assembly is carried out by welding or brazing of the two parts assembled edge to edge along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft. [ooi 3] However, it has been found that such assemblies do not always have sufficient qualities in terms of resistance. Furthermore, the welding plane of the two half-shells extends along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft and in the axial plane of symmetry of said crankshaft passing through the tops of the crank pins. It was then possible to realize after test on the engine bench that the part is broken at the level of the welded zones (in several places). This is due to the fact that the weld bead is located at the most stressed areas, the weld plane passing through the areas of maximum stress of the crankshaft and any welding defect is then an aggravating factor for holding the crankshaft.
[0015] L'invention a donc pour but de pallier ces inconvénients et de réaliser un vilebrequin creux, léger, constitué d'au moins deux pièces ou demi-coquilles obtenues par moulage en fonderie, et qui, assemblées, définissent une section intérieure creuse dudit vilebrequin permettant une circulation d'huile de lubrification par exemple ainsi qu'un allégement de la pièce, et qui soit de plus capable de transmettre un couple important tout en pouvant être fabriqué de manière relativement simple et économiquement avantageuse. The invention therefore aims to overcome these disadvantages and to achieve a hollow crankshaft, lightweight, consisting of at least two parts or half-shells obtained by casting in the foundry, and which, together, define a hollow inner section said crankshaft allowing a circulation of lubricating oil for example and a lightening of the workpiece, and which is also capable of transmitting a large torque while being able to be manufactured relatively simply and economically advantageous.
[0016] A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un vilebrequin creux présentant un plan de symétrie axiale, constitué d'au moins deux pièces principales creuses obtenues par moulage en fonderie et assemblées par soudage selon l'axe longitudinal du vilebrequin, caractérisé en ce que les deux pièces principales sont assemblées l'une à l'autre selon un plan longitudinal et perpendiculaire au plan de symétrie axial du vilebrequin, chaque pièce comportant au moins un demi-tourillon, au moins un contrepoids et au moins un maneton partiel, un manetons partiel complémentaire étant assemblé sur chaque maneton partiel des pièces principales selon un plan d'assemblage s'étendant parallèlement au plan d'assemblage des pièces principales. For this purpose, the invention relates to a hollow crankshaft having an axial plane of symmetry, consisting of at least two main hollow parts obtained by casting in the foundry and welded together along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft, characterized in that the two main parts are assembled to one another along a longitudinal plane and perpendicular to the axial plane of symmetry of the crankshaft, each part comprising at least one half-pin, at least one counterweight and at least one partial crankpin , a complementary partial crank pin being assembled on each partial crank of the main parts according to an assembly plane extending parallel to the assembly plane of the main parts.
[ooi 7] De manière avantageuse, un tel d'assemblage par soudure des deux pièces principales creuses obtenues par moulage de fonderie est faiblement sollicité d'un point de vue fonctionnel. En effet, les deux pièces ou demi-coquilles peuvent posséder des « ponts de matière » servant à maintenir les éléments et à assurer le dimensionnel du vilebrequin lors de l'assemblage des demi-coquilles. Ces « ponts » ont donc la même longueur que les manetons et ces ponts sont ensuite destinés à être tronçonnés après assemblage.
[0018] De manière avantageuse, les manetons et les tourillons sont obtenus creux directement à l'issu du procédé de moulage en fonderie grâce à des formes simples et peuvent être nettoyés ce qui assure une propreté excellente du circuit d'huile. Les creux obtenus à l'intérieur du futur vilebrequin communiquent ou non entre eux au niveau des bras selon la structure du vilebrequin avec ou non faible recouvrement. [Ooi 7] Advantageously, such a welded connection of the two main hollow parts obtained by casting foundry is weakly solicited from a functional point of view. Indeed, the two parts or half-shells may have "material bridges" used to maintain the elements and ensure the size of the crankshaft when assembling the half-shells. These "bridges" therefore have the same length as the crank pins and these bridges are then intended to be cut after assembly. Advantageously, the crank pins and trunnions are obtained hollow directly from the foundry casting process by simple shapes and can be cleaned which ensures excellent cleanliness of the oil circuit. The hollows obtained inside the future crankshaft communicate or not between them at the arms according to the structure of the crankshaft with or without low overlap.
[0019] De manière avantageuse, un vilebrequin selon l'invention permet d'obtenir un vilebrequin creux dont le gain en masse ne nuit nullement à la tenue mécanique. Advantageously, a crankshaft according to the invention provides a hollow crankshaft whose mass gain does not impair the mechanical strength.
[0020] L'invention concerne également un moteur équipé d'un vilebrequin selon l'invention ainsi qu'un véhicule équipé d'un tel moteur. The invention also relates to an engine equipped with a crankshaft according to the invention and a vehicle equipped with such a motor.
[0021 ] L'invention a pour objet également un procédé de fabrication d'un vilebrequin selon l'invention dans lequel on moule en fonderie deux pièces principales creuses comportant chacune au moins un demi-tourillon, au moins un contrepoids et au moins un maneton partiel de sorte que lesdites pièces sont assemblables l'une à l'autre selon un plan d'assemblage perpendiculaire au plan de symétrie axiale du vilebrequin, on assemble lesdites pièces principales selon ledit plan d'assemblage, et on assemble sur chaque maneton partiel un maneton partiel complémentaire obtenu de moulage également selon un plan d'assemblage s'étendant parallèlement au plan d'assemblage des pièces principales. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a crankshaft according to the invention in which is molded in the foundry two main hollow parts each comprising at least one half-pin, at least one counterweight and at least one crankpin partially so that said parts are assembled to each other along an assembly plane perpendicular to the axial plane of symmetry of the crankshaft, said main parts are assembled according to said assembly plane, and each partial crank pin is assembled on complementary partial crank pin obtained from molding also according to an assembly plane extending parallel to the assembly plane of the main parts.
[0022] On décrira maintenant l'invention plus en détails en référence au dessin dans lequel : We will now describe the invention in more detail with reference to the drawing in which:
[0023] La figure 1 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale des pièces à l'état brut suivant le plan x-x' constituant un vilebrequin pour moteur quatre cylindres selon l'invention ; Figure 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the parts in the rough in the plane x-x 'constituting a crankshaft for four-cylinder engine according to the invention;
[0024] La figure 2 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale suivant le plan x-x' d'un vilebrequin pour moteur quatre cylindres assemblé selon l'invention avant tronçonnage des ponts ; et [0024] Figure 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view along the x-x 'plane of a crankshaft for four-cylinder engine assembled according to the invention before cutting the bridges; and
[0025] La figure 3 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale suivant le plan x-x' d'un vilebrequin pour moteur deux cylindres assemblé selon l'invention. Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view along the x-x 'plane of a crankshaft for two-cylinder engine assembled according to the invention.
[0026] A la figure 1 est représenté un vilebrequin 1 pour un moteur à quatre cylindres réalisé en acier et composé de plusieurs parties qui sont ensuite soudées.
Chacune des pièces constituant un tel vilebrequin 1 est obtenue par un moulage d'acier en fonderie. In Figure 1 is shown a crankshaft 1 for a four-cylinder engine made of steel and composed of several parts which are then welded. Each of the parts constituting such a crankshaft 1 is obtained by a cast steel casting.
[0027] Comme on peut le voir à la figure 1 , un vilebrequin 1 comporte cinq tourillons 4, quatre manetons 5, des bras 6 s'étendant entre un tourillon 4 et un maneton 5, et huit contrepoids 7 associés à l'opposé de chaque maneton 5. Pour simplifier le vilebrequin 1 , on peut également limiter le nombre des contrepoids à quatre, un seul contrepoids étant en regard d'un maneton. Un tel vilebrequin 1 présente un plan de symétrie axiale χ,χ' (ici le plan de la feuille). As can be seen in Figure 1, a crankshaft 1 comprises five pins 4, four crank pins 5, arms 6 extending between a pin 4 and a crankpin 5, and eight counterweights 7 associated with the opposite of Each crankpin 5. To simplify the crankshaft 1, one can also limit the number of counterweights to four, a single counterweight being opposite a crankpin. Such crankshaft 1 has an axial plane of symmetry χ, χ '(here the plane of the sheet).
[0028] Les parties élémentaires constituant un vilebrequin 1 sont représentées de manière éclatée à la figure 1 . Le vilebrequin 1 à quatre manetons 4 est constitué ainsi de deux pièces principales 2, 3 ou demi-coquilles assemblables l'une à l'autre selon l'axe longitudinal du vilebrequin 1 . The elementary parts constituting a crankshaft 1 are shown exploded in Figure 1. The crankshaft 1 with four crank pins 4 is thus constituted of two main parts 2, 3 or half-shells assembled to each other along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft 1.
[0029] Ces deux parties 2, 3 sont réalisées par moulage de fonderie de sorte que le plan d'assemblage 10 de ces deux parties 2, 3 s'étend dans un plan longitudinal x,y perpendiculaire au plan de symétrie x, x' du vilebrequin 1 . These two parts 2, 3 are made by casting foundry so that the assembly plane 10 of these two parts 2, 3 extends in a longitudinal plane x, y perpendicular to the plane of symmetry x, x ' crankshaft 1.
[0030] Ainsi, ces deux pièces 2, 3 différentes l'une de l'autre, présente chacune deux manetons 5 partiels, de préférence un demi-maneton, et quatre contrepoids 7 par exemple de sorte que l'assemblage des pièces 2, 3 permet la mise en regard d'un maneton partiel 5 de l'une des pièces et de deux contrepoids 7 de l'autre, par exemple. Les manetons partiels 5 sont ensuite complétés à l'aide de manetons partiels 8 complémentaires obtenus également par moulage, assemblés selon un plan d'assemblage 1 1 parallèle au plan d'assemblage 10. Thus, these two parts 2, 3 different from each other, each has two crankpins 5 partial, preferably a half-crank pin, and four counterweight 7 for example so that the assembly of parts 2, 3 allows the facing of a partial crank pin 5 of one of the parts and two counterweights 7 of the other, for example. The partial crank pins 5 are then completed using complementary partial crank pins 8 also obtained by molding, assembled according to an assembly plane 1 1 parallel to the assembly plane 10.
[0031 ] Les deux pièces ou demi-coquilles 2, 3 sont réalisées par moulage de manière à être creuses. Ainsi, on obtient un gain substantiel en poids du vilebrequin final qui possèdent cependant des « ponts de matière » 9 au niveau des bras 6 servant à maintenir les éléments et à assurer le dimensionnel du vilebrequin 1 lors de l'assemblage des demi-coquilles. Ces « ponts » 9 ont donc la même longueur que les manetons 5 et sont destinés à être tronçonné après assemblage (la partie tronçonnée étant représentée en hachuré à la figure 2). The two parts or half-shells 2, 3 are made by molding so as to be hollow. Thus, we obtain a substantial gain in weight of the final crankshaft which however have "material bridges" 9 at the arms 6 serving to maintain the elements and ensure the size of the crankshaft 1 when assembling the half-shells. These "bridges" 9 are therefore the same length as the crank pins 5 and are intended to be cut after assembly (the cut portion being shown hatched in Figure 2).
[0032] Chaque partie constituant le vilebrequin 1 selon l'invention est obtenue par moulage en fonderie d'acier. On réalise ainsi deux pièces ou demi-coquilles 2, 3
creuses de formes relativement simples et une pièce correspondant à un maneton partiel 8 de préférence un demi-maneton. De manière avantageuse, le demi-maneton 8 moulé, peut être réalisé creux et dans un matériau acier moins coûteux. En effet ce demi-maneton est très peu sollicité mécaniquement. Each part constituting the crankshaft 1 according to the invention is obtained by casting in a steel foundry. Two pieces or half-shells are thus produced 2, 3 hollow relatively simple shapes and a part corresponding to a partial crank 8 preferably half a crankpin. Advantageously, the molded half-pin 8 can be made hollow and in a less expensive steel material. Indeed this half-pin is very little mechanically solicited.
[0033] Lors du moulage, il est possible de prévoir les trous de lubrification et les conduits passant d'un tourillon 4 à un maneton 5 par noyautage. During molding, it is possible to provide the lubrication holes and the ducts passing from a pin 4 to a crankpin 5 by coring.
[0034] Pour réaliser l'assemblage des éléments, on peut souder les différents éléments par des procédés de soudage connus tels par induction, par résistance, par soudage TIG ou autre, par friction linéaire. On contrôle l'alignement des éléments au moment du soudage puis on réalise un ébarbage des bourrelets extérieurs du vilebrequin 1 soudé, puis un refroidissement à l'air libre, un contrôle aspect, un contrôle dimensionnel et un contrôle magnétoscopique. To achieve the assembly of the elements can be welded to the various elements by known welding processes such induction, resistance, TIG or other welding, linear friction. The alignment of the elements is checked at the time of welding, then the outer beads of the welded crankshaft 1 are deburred and then air-cooled, an aspect control, a dimensional control and a magnetoscopic control.
[0035] On réalise ensuite les opérations de tronçonnage des ponts puis l'usinage des manetons et tourillons. Pour une meilleure tenue mécanique, le vilebrequin peut être renforcé à l'aide d'opérations de galetage, de nitruration, de grenaillage ou de trempe HF ou par induction. Then we carry out the cutting operations of the bridges and the machining of the crank pins and trunnions. For a better mechanical strength, the crankshaft can be reinforced using roller burnishing, nitriding, shot blasting or HF quenching or induction.
[0036] On obtient ainsi un vilebrequin moins sensible aux défauts de soudure qui présente ainsi un gain en tenue mécanique car la zone soudée n'est pas située dans le plan le plus sollicité. Un tel vilebrequin permet à iso-performance d'obtenir des gains en masse supérieure. Thus, a crankshaft is less sensitive to welding defects which thus has a gain in mechanical strength because the welded zone is not located in the most stressed plane. Such a crankshaft allows iso-performance to gain higher mass gains.
[0037] Comme on peut le voir, à la figure 3, un vilebrequin 1 selon l'invention peut être destiné à un moteur à deux cylindres. As can be seen in Figure 3, a crankshaft 1 according to the invention may be for a two-cylinder engine.
[0038] L'invention n'est bien entendu nullement limitée aux exemples de réalisation mais englobe les variantes entrant dans le champ de protection de l'invention.
The invention is of course in no way limited to the embodiments but encompasses variants within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims
1. Vilebrequin creux présentant un plan de symétrie axiale, constitué d'au moins deux pièces principales (2, 3) obtenues par moulage en fonderie et assemblées par soudage selon l'axe longitudinal du vilebrequin (1 ), caractérisé en ce que les deux pièces principales (2, 3) sont creuses et assemblées l'une à l'autre selon un plan (10) longitudinal et perpendiculaire au plan de symétrie axial (χ,χ') du vilebrequin (1 ), chaque pièce comportant au moins un demi-tourillon (4), au moins un contrepoids (7) et au moins un maneton partiel (5), un maneton partiel complémentaire (8) étant assemblé sur chaque maneton partiel (5) des pièces principales (2, 3) selon un plan d'assemblage (1 1 ) s'étendant parallèlement au plan d'assemblage (10) des pièces principales (2, 3). Hollow crankshaft having an axial plane of symmetry, consisting of at least two main parts (2, 3) obtained by casting in the foundry and assembled by welding along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft (1), characterized in that the two main parts (2, 3) are hollow and assembled to one another in a plane (10) longitudinal and perpendicular to the axial plane of symmetry (χ, χ ') of the crankshaft (1), each part comprising at least one half-trunnion (4), at least one counterweight (7) and at least one partial crankpin (5), a complementary partial crankpin (8) being assembled on each crank pinion (5) of the main parts (2, 3) according to a assembly plane (1 1) extending parallel to the assembly plane (10) of the main parts (2, 3).
2. Vilebrequin selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il est en acier. Crankshaft according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is made of steel.
3. Vilebrequin selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que un maneton partiel correspond à un demi-maneton (5) et le maneton partiel complémentaire correspond à un demi-maneton complémentaire (8). 3. Crankshaft according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a partial crank pin corresponds to a half-crank pin (5) and the complementary partial crank pin corresponds to a complementary half-pin (8).
4. Procédé de fabrication d'un vilebrequin selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel on moule en fonderie deux pièces principales creuses (2, 3) comportant chacune au moins un demi-tourillon (4), au moins un contrepoids (7) et au moins un maneton partiel (5) de sorte que lesdites pièces (2, 3) sont assemblables l'une à l'autre selon un plan d'assemblage perpendiculaire au plan de symétrie axiale du vilebrequin, on assemble lesdites pièces principales (2, 3) selon ledit plan d'assemblage, et on assemble sur chaque maneton partiel (5) un maneton partiel complémentaire (8) obtenu de moulage également selon un plan d'assemblage s'étendant parallèlement au plan d'assemblage des pièces principales (2, 3) . 4. A method of manufacturing a crankshaft according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein is molded in the foundry two main hollow parts (2, 3) each having at least one half-pin (4), at least one counterweight (7) and at least one partial crank pin (5) so that said parts (2, 3) are assembled to each other in an assembly plane perpendicular to the axial plane of symmetry of the crankshaft, said parts are assembled main (2, 3) according to said assembly plane, and is assembled on each partial crank (5) a complementary partial crank pin (8) obtained molding also according to an assembly plane extending parallel to the assembly plane of main parts (2, 3).
5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que, lorsqu'il y a des ponts de matière (9) au niveau des bras (6) servant à maintenir les éléments et à assurer le dimensionnel du vilebrequin (1 ) lors de l'assemblage des demi-coquilles, ils sont tronçonnés après assemblage des deux pièces (2, 3). 5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that, when there are material bridges (9) at the arms (6) for holding the elements and ensuring the dimension of the crankshaft (1) during the assembly of the half-shells, they are cut after assembly of the two parts (2, 3).
6. Moteur pour véhicule automobile, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un vilebrequin selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2. 6. Motor for a motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a crankshaft according to one of claims 1 and 2.
7. Véhicule automobile caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un moteur selon la revendication 4. 7. Motor vehicle characterized in that it comprises an engine according to claim 4.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1050439 | 2010-01-22 | ||
| FR1050439A FR2955633B1 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2010-01-22 | HOLLOW CRANKSHAFT WITH DECAL JOINT PLAN |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011089329A1 true WO2011089329A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
Family
ID=42142740
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2010/052740 WO2011089329A1 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2010-12-15 | Hollow crankshaft having an offset parting line |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2955633B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011089329A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102899802A (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2013-01-30 | 常州市武进五洋纺织机械有限公司 | Warp knitting machine with crank shafts |
| CN106061648A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2016-10-26 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Device for forming finish-forging blank for forged crankshaft of inline-six engine, and method for manufacturing forged crankshaft of inline-six engine using said device |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1050439A (en) | 1950-12-02 | 1954-01-07 | Armstrong Siddeley Motors Ltd | Combustion chamber for liquid fuel |
| FR2020149A1 (en) | 1968-10-08 | 1970-07-10 | Danfoss As | CRANKSHAFT, ESPECIALLY FOR HERMETIC COOLING FLUID COMPRESSORS AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURING |
| JPS5357173A (en) * | 1976-11-04 | 1978-05-24 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Hollow crankkshaft and method of fabricating the same |
| US4534241A (en) * | 1981-10-08 | 1985-08-13 | Ab Volvo | Crankshaft for combustion engines |
| DE3729992A1 (en) * | 1986-09-20 | 1988-03-31 | Volkswagen Ag | Assembled crankshaft |
| FR2802591A1 (en) | 1999-12-16 | 2001-06-22 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Welded crank shaft of single elements each with crank web and tubular sections, to form main bearing journals and crank shaft journals, oil ducts and overlapping parts |
-
2010
- 2010-01-22 FR FR1050439A patent/FR2955633B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-12-15 WO PCT/FR2010/052740 patent/WO2011089329A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1050439A (en) | 1950-12-02 | 1954-01-07 | Armstrong Siddeley Motors Ltd | Combustion chamber for liquid fuel |
| FR2020149A1 (en) | 1968-10-08 | 1970-07-10 | Danfoss As | CRANKSHAFT, ESPECIALLY FOR HERMETIC COOLING FLUID COMPRESSORS AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURING |
| JPS5357173A (en) * | 1976-11-04 | 1978-05-24 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Hollow crankkshaft and method of fabricating the same |
| US4534241A (en) * | 1981-10-08 | 1985-08-13 | Ab Volvo | Crankshaft for combustion engines |
| DE3729992A1 (en) * | 1986-09-20 | 1988-03-31 | Volkswagen Ag | Assembled crankshaft |
| FR2802591A1 (en) | 1999-12-16 | 2001-06-22 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Welded crank shaft of single elements each with crank web and tubular sections, to form main bearing journals and crank shaft journals, oil ducts and overlapping parts |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "LEICHTBAU IM KURBELTRIEB DURCH GESCHMIEDETE KOMPONENTEN", UMFORMTECHNIK, MEISENBACH, BAMBERG, DE, vol. 33, no. 3, 1 September 1999 (1999-09-01), pages 18 - 20,22, XP000878277, ISSN: 0300-3167 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102899802A (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2013-01-30 | 常州市武进五洋纺织机械有限公司 | Warp knitting machine with crank shafts |
| CN106061648A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2016-10-26 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Device for forming finish-forging blank for forged crankshaft of inline-six engine, and method for manufacturing forged crankshaft of inline-six engine using said device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2955633B1 (en) | 2012-01-13 |
| FR2955633A1 (en) | 2011-07-29 |
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