CN100457940C - High-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material and surface pattern treatment method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material and surface pattern treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100457940C CN100457940C CNB2006100406608A CN200610040660A CN100457940C CN 100457940 C CN100457940 C CN 100457940C CN B2006100406608 A CNB2006100406608 A CN B2006100406608A CN 200610040660 A CN200610040660 A CN 200610040660A CN 100457940 C CN100457940 C CN 100457940C
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Abstract
A kind of high temperature alloy group self-lubricating compound material and the method to pattern surface of it. The components and the mass percent of them are as following: Ni: 28.8-56.8%, Fe: 10.0-30.0%, Cr: 7.2-14.2%, W: 5.0- 15.0%, C: 3.0-6.0%, Si: 0.8%-1.2%, MoS2: 5.0%-15.0%. The method to pattern it' s surface contains the following steps: The surface of the nickel chromium alloy group self-lubricating compound material sample after being hot pressed and mould will be polished. A gammaray laser will be used to corrase micropore on the surface, the focus of the focusing lens will be adjusted to 40-60mm, the facula diameter at the focus is 0.15- 0.20mm, the impulse duration will be adjusted to 450-500ns, the laser bean will process micropore according to ring shape from outside to inside. The surface after being corrased and polished will be lubricated by daubing the fat of solid layered dry lubricant. The alloy group material not only owns high mechanical strength but also owns high temperature self-lubricating ability. The coefficient of friction can be decreased, the application life can be prolonged, and low attrition abrasion in wide temperature range can also be realized by patterning the surface.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to self-lubricating composite and process for modifying surface thereof, be used to solve space mechanism bearing and sealing element and under severe condition such as High Temperature High Pressure, can't realize the lubrication problem of grease lubrication occasion, particularly a kind of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material and surface pattern treatment method thereof.
Background technology
Development of high-tech such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, nuclear energy is had higher requirement to the high-temperature behavior and the high temperature lubricating of material, reaches 600～1000 ℃ as the working temperature of adiabatic diesel motor bearing bush.Plain oil fat is no longer suitable, solid lubricant such as some metallic sulfides, oxide compound, soft metal etc., can be high temperature resistant again can anti-attrition, be the effective way that solves high temperature lubricating so adopt solid lubricant.
At present, adopt solid lubricant to mainly contain two kinds as the means of high-temperature lubricating material: a kind of is that lubricant and metallic matrix are mixed, and compression moulding is made integral material by methods such as powder metallurgy, makes friction pair play self-lubricating function; Another kind method, i.e. high temperature lubricating coating.Before a kind of method solid lubricant in preparation process react easily with matrix metal, generate other material and reduce lubricant effect, the latter then exists supporting capacity low, is difficult to satisfy the problem of harsh working condition requirement work-ing life.
In the metallic surface pattern processing is a kind of effective ways that material friction is learned performance that improve.Patterned surface is handled methods such as can passing through laser ablation, chemical etching and mechanical workout and is realized that laser ablation is owing to accurately control, good reproducibility come into one's own.The patterned process method is mainly used in mechanical sealing member at present, improves the lubricating status of mechanical seal under the elastohydrodynamic lubrication condition, seldom is applied to the solid lubrication occasion, especially the high-temperature solid lubrication occasion.
Disclosed patent CN1586770 prepared self-lubricating material by the solid lubrication particle is compound to metallic matrix in 2005, the sintering matrix possesses the sweat gland type micropore of 0.05-8 μ m, the solid lubricant particle is compounded in the sweat gland type structural micropore, make the lubricant in the matrix be diffused into friction surface by heat of friction, the purpose of self-lubricating reaches a high temperature, this method is difficult to realize the design and the accurately control of the shape and the distribution of micropore, so be difficult to predict the improvement degree of micropore to lubricating status.United States Patent (USP) 743004 disclosed the metal-based self-lubricating material that possesses the regular shape circular hole in 1976, solid lubricant is stored in the circular micropore, because its matrix alloy does not possess self-lubricating property, so in case lubricant failure, its frictional coefficient will sharply rise.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of alloy-base composite material that had not only had excellent mechanical intensity but also possessed good high-temperature self-lubrication performance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and reduces frictional coefficient, increases the service life, realizes the surface pattern treatment method of the high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material of the low frictional wear of wide temperature range.
Realize the technical solution of the object of the invention: a kind of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material, each component and quality percentage composition thereof are respectively Ni:28.8～56.8%, Fe:10.0～30.0%, Cr:7.2～14.2%, W:5.0～15.0%, C:3.0～6.0%, Si:0.8%～1.2%, MoS
2: 5.0%～15.0%.
The preparation method of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material of the present invention, made by following steps:
(1) each component and quality percentage composition thereof are respectively Ni:28.8～56.8%, Fe:10.0～30.0%, Cr:7.2～14.2%, W:5.0～15.0%, C:3.0～6.0%, Si:0.8%～1.2%, MoS
2: 5.0%～15.0% powder mixes in ball mill or mortar;
(2) with putting into graphite jig after the mixed uniformly metal-powder coldmoulding, hot-forming on the vacuum hotpressing machine, promptly be evacuated to 1 * 10 earlier
-5～9 * 10
-5Pa, the inflated with nitrogen protection is warmed up to 1200 ℃～1280 ℃ then, reaches the after-applied positive pressure 12～16MPa of temperature, heat-insulation pressure keeping 20～30min.
A kind of surface pattern treatment method of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material may further comprise the steps:
(1) the high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material sample after hot-forming is handled through surface finish, and surfaceness reaches 0.3～0.5 μ m;
(2) use a kind of Nd:YAG laser apparatus at sample surfaces etching micropore, adjusting the condenser lens focal length is 40～60mm, focus place spot diameter is 0.15～0.20mm, the adjustment pulse width is 450～500ns, and each pulse energy is 30～50 μ J, and laser beam is processed micropore from outside to inside by annular, this micro-pore diameter is 150～200 μ m, the degree of depth of micropore is 10～15 μ m, and two holes are at a distance of 0.5～1.0mm, and micropore is regularly arranged by annular;
(3) grease lubrication of the surface after the etching processing through smearing the stratiform solid lubricant or add solid lubricant after polishing.
The solid lubricant of the surface pattern treatment method of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material of the present invention adopts MoS
2Or WS
2, MoS wherein
2Granularity be 30～50 μ m, WS
2The granularity of powder is 200～300nm.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is: (1) Rhometal based composites of the present invention hardness is HRC30～40, and hardness is higher than the alloy of similar report; When joining pair with silicon nitride, room temperature～600 ℃ frictional coefficient is 0.23～0.27, and wear rate is 10
-15m
3N
-1M
-1The order of magnitude, wear rate is than the low order of magnitude of similar report; (2) handle through laser ablation and interpolation solid lubricant MoS on Rhometal based composites surface
2Back tribological property is greatly improved, and frictional coefficient has compared without the reduction of over etching processing 30%, and the frictional coefficient under the room temperature is by handling MoS without over etching
2When lubricated 0.2～0.4 is reduced to through etching processing MoS
2When lubricated 0.14～0.21.The process laser ablation is also filled MoS
2, frictional coefficient is 0.13～0.19 in the time of 400 ℃, than the reduction of etching processing not 20%.Behind the nickel-based self-lubricating matrix material process laser ablation, MoS
2(improving more than 5 times) is greatly improved the work-ing life of lubricant powder.(3) smear nanometer WS at the material laser etching surface
2Powder obtains lower frictional coefficient (400～500 ℃, frictional coefficient is lower than 0.1), and effective use temperature scope of lubricant rises to 500 ℃, i.e. WS
2Can be permanently effective under 500 ℃ of temperature condition.(4) the Rhometal based composites also adopts after patterned process and adds MoS
2Grease lubrication the time, room temperature～300 ℃ frictional coefficient is about 0.15; Frictional coefficient is 0.2～0.4 in the time of 300～600 ℃, and patterned process has prolonged and contains MoS
2Lubricating grease is in the effectively lubricating life-span of high temperature section.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: each component of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material of the present invention and quality percentage composition thereof are Ni:56.8%, Fe:10.0%, Cr:11.4%, W:10.0%, C:6.0%, Si:0.8%, MoS
2: 5.0%.The Ni granularity is less than 45 μ m, and purity is greater than 96%, and Fe adopts purity greater than 98% reduced iron powder.After the metal-powder mixing with said components and quality percentage composition thereof, batch mixing on ball mill, rotating speed 150r/min, batch mixing 30min. is cold-pressed into disk samples earlier with mixed powder in punching block (Φ 45 * 8mm), then sample is packed into successively in the graphite jig, separate with graphite flake between per two samples, hot-forming on FVPHP-R-10 type Fuji vacuum hotpressing machine, be evacuated to 1 * 10 earlier
-5Pa, the inflated with nitrogen protection is warmed up to 1200～1240 ℃ then, reaches the after-applied positive pressure 16MPa of temperature, heat-insulation pressure keeping 30min.Rhometal based composites hardness HRC33 after the hot pressing, density 5.61g/cm
3When joining pair with the GH1131 superalloy, frictional coefficient is 0.5～0.6 during room temperature～600 ℃, and the frictional coefficient of room temperature when joining pair with silicon nitride～600 ℃ is 0.23～0.27, and wear rate is 3.1～3.6 * 10
-15m
3N
-1M
-1. be fit to be applied to the bearing and the sealing element of high-temperature engine.
Embodiment 2: each component of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material of the present invention and quality percentage composition thereof are Ni:36.6%, Fe:30%, Cr:9.2%, W:10%, Si:1.2%, C:3%, MoS
2: 10%.The Ni granularity is less than 45 μ m, and purity is greater than 96%, and Fe adopts purity greater than 98% reduced iron powder.After the metal-powder mixing with said components and quality percentage composition thereof, (Φ 45 * 8mm) earlier to be cold-pressed into disk samples in punching block, then sample is packed into successively in the graphite jig, hot-forming on FVPHP-R-10 type Fuji vacuum hotpressing machine, be evacuated to 9 * 10 earlier
-5Pa, the inflated with nitrogen protection is warmed up to 1240～1280 ℃ then, reaches the after-applied positive pressure 12MPa of temperature, heat-insulation pressure keeping 20min.The surface pattern treatment method of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material, be to use a kind of 124 type Nd:YAG laser apparatus etching micropores, wavelength 1064nm, the adjustment focal length is 60mm, focus place spot diameter is 0.20mm, and the adjustment pulse width is 500ns, and each pulse energy is 50 μ J, laser beam is processed micropore from outside to inside by annular, and pitch of holes is 1mm.Circularhole diameter is 180～200 μ m,, the degree of depth of circular hole is 12～15 μ m.Matrix material through Laser Surface Treatment is removed residue by mechanical polishing, and carries out ultrasonic cleaning in acetone.Sheet MoS with granularity 30～50 μ m
2Powder spreads upon the surface of handling through laser ablation.The Rhometal based composites is handled the frictional coefficient handled through laser ablation and 0.2～0.4 is reduced to 0.14～0.21 when handling without over etching through laser ablation, the process laser ablation is also filled MoS
2Frictional coefficient is 0.13～0.19 in the time of back 400 ℃.Behind the ferronickel based composites process laser ablation, sheet MoS
2Improve the work-ing life of powder more than 5 times, at surperficial MoS without over etching
2Lubricant begins to lose efficacy after 2000 commentaries on classics, and the surface that the process laser ablation is handled, MoS
2Through still keeping the good lubrication state after 12000 commentaries on classics.Be fit to be applied to aircraft engine bearing and sealing element.
Embodiment 3: each component of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material of the present invention and quality percentage composition thereof are Ni:28.8%, Fe:30.0%, Cr:7.2%, W:15.0%, Si:1.0%, C:3.0%, MoS
2: 15.0%.After the powder mixes with said components and quality percentage composition thereof, in punching block, be cold-pressed into disk samples earlier, hot-forming on FVPHP-R-10 type Fuji vacuum hotpressing machine in the graphite jig of then sample being packed into successively, be evacuated to 5 * 10 earlier
-5Pa, the inflated with nitrogen protection is warmed up to 1240～1280 ℃ then, reaches the after-applied positive pressure 12MPa of temperature, heat-insulation pressure keeping 20min.The surface pattern treatment method of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material is to use a kind of 124 type Nd:YAG laser apparatus etching micropores, wavelength 1064nm, the adjustment focal length is 40mm, focus place spot diameter is 0.15mm, the adjustment pulse width is 450ns, each pulse energy is 30 μ J, and laser beam is processed micropore from outside to inside by annular, and pitch of holes is 0.5mm.Circularhole diameter is 150～180 μ m,, the degree of depth of circular hole is 10～12 μ m.Smearing the sheet WS that granularity is 200～300nm through on the surface of etching processing
2Powder obtains lower frictional coefficient, and frictional coefficient is lower than 0.1 in the time of 400～500 ℃, and effective use temperature scope of lubricant rises to 500 ℃, i.e. WS
2Can be permanently effective lubricated under 500 ℃ of temperature condition.This technology is fit to be applied to the bearing and the sealing element of space mechanism under the vacuum working environment.
Embodiment 4: each component of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material of the present invention and quality percentage composition thereof are Ni:36.6%, Fe:30.0%, and Cr:14.2%,, W:5.0%, Si:1.2%, C:3.0%, MoS
2: 10.0%.After the powder mixes with said components and quality percentage composition thereof, in punching block, be cold-pressed into disk samples earlier, hot-forming on FVPHP-R-10 type Fuji vacuum hotpressing machine in the graphite jig of then sample being packed into successively, be evacuated to 5 * 10 earlier
-5Pa, the inflated with nitrogen protection is warmed up to 1200～1240 ℃ then, reaches the after-applied positive pressure 16MPa of temperature, heat-insulation pressure keeping 30min.The surface pattern treatment method of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material is to adopt a kind of 124 type Nd:YAG laser apparatus etching micropores, wavelength 1064nm, the adjustment focal length of lens is 60mm, focus place spot diameter is 0.20mm, the adjustment pulse width is 450ns, each pulse energy is 50 μ J, and laser beam is processed micropore from outside to inside by annular, and pitch of holes is 1mm.Circularhole diameter is 180～200 μ m, and the degree of depth is 12～15 μ m.Matrix material through Laser Surface Treatment is removed residue by mechanical polishing, and carries out ultrasonic cleaning in acetone.Adopting interpolation 30wt.%MoS
2Lithium saponify when lubricated, room temperature～300 ℃ frictional coefficient is about 0.15; Frictional coefficient is 0.2～0.4 in the time of 300～600 ℃.When the effectively lubricating life-span of lubricating grease is by etching not in the time of 400 ℃ 10000 changeed and brought up to 30000 after the etching and change.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material is characterized in that: each component and quality percentage composition thereof are respectively Ni:28.8～56.8%, Fe:10.0～30.0%, Cr:7.2～14.2%, W:5.0～15.0%, C:3.0～6.0%, Si:0.8%～1.2%, MoS
2: 5.0%～15.0%.
2, a kind of preparation method of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material is characterized in that being made by following steps:
(1) each component and quality percentage composition thereof are respectively Ni:28.8～56.8%, Fe:10.0～30.0%, Cr:7.2～14.2%, W:5.0～15.0%, C:3.0～6.0%, Si:0.8%～1.2%, MoS
2: 5.0%～15.0% powder mixes in ball mill or mortar;
(2) with putting into graphite jig after the mixed uniformly metal-powder coldmoulding, hot-forming on the vacuum hotpressing machine, promptly be evacuated to 1 * 10 earlier
-5～9 * 10
-5Pa, the inflated with nitrogen protection is warmed up to 1200 ℃～1280 ℃ then, reaches the after-applied positive pressure 12～16MPa of temperature, heat-insulation pressure keeping 20～30min.
3, a kind of surface pattern treatment method to the described high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material of claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) the high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material sample after hot-forming is handled through surface finish, and surfaceness reaches 0.3～0.5 μ m;
(2) use a kind of Nd:YAG laser apparatus at sample surfaces etching micropore, adjusting the condenser lens focal length is 40～60mm, focus place spot diameter is 0.15～0.20mm, the adjustment pulse width is 450～500ns, and each pulse energy is 30～50 μ J, and laser beam is processed micropore from outside to inside by annular, this micro-pore diameter is 150～200 μ m, the degree of depth of micropore is 10～15 μ m, and two holes are at a distance of 0.5～1.0mm, and micropore is regularly arranged by annular;
(3) grease lubrication of the surface after the etching processing through smearing the stratiform solid lubricant or add solid lubricant after polishing.
4, the surface pattern treatment method of high-temperature alloy base self-lubricating composite material according to claim 3 is characterized in that solid lubricant adopts MoS
2Or WS
2, MoS wherein
2Granularity be 30～50 μ m, WS
2The granularity of powder is 200～300nm.
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| CN100457940C true CN100457940C (en) | 2009-02-04 |
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| CN102094146B (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-06-26 | 无锡润鹏复合新材料有限公司 | Novel high-temperature resistant self-lubricating sliding bearing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102042337A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-05-04 | 无锡润鹏复合新材料有限公司 | Self-lubricating sliding bearing |
| CN102071884B (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2013-01-30 | 黄锦滨 | Columnar coupling compound sucker rod centralizer |
| CN103322047B (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method for self-lubricating treatment of laser micro-texture of friction pair |
| CN103806847B (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2016-01-06 | 东营咸亨工贸有限公司 | Wear-and corrosion-resistant rod collar |
| CN104962909B (en) * | 2015-08-01 | 2017-12-19 | 西北有色金属研究院 | A kind of method for preparing anti-friction wear-resistant coating in metal base surface |
| CN107190304A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-09-22 | 嘉兴福源激光科技有限公司 | A kind of method that solid lubricant is planted in laser micropore template |
| CN106191619B (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-10-16 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Self-lubricating composite layer, preparation method and the component with self-lubricating function |
| US10737462B2 (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2020-08-11 | Hyundai Motor Company | Method for coating surface of moving part of vehicle and moving part of vehicle manufactured by the same |
| CN111961944B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-11-30 | 宁波康强微电子技术有限公司 | Wide-temperature-range self-lubricating VN-AgMoS2Composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114877666A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-08-09 | 南京华易泰电子科技有限公司 | Double-slit air knife structure suitable for panel drying and processing technology thereof |
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