FR2803867A1 - SLIDING OPENING TROLLEY, PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR THERMAL BRIDGE OPENING OPENING - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a carriage for a sliding leaf - in particular suitable for a leaf with thermal break - comprising at least one rigid metallic body (24), rolling means (27), and means for supporting the leaf comprising at least one support element (25, 26) of rigid thermally insulating material and means for assembling each support element (25, 26) to the metal body (24), adapted so that the opening is carried by the metal body by through the support element (s). In particular, the metal body (24) and each support element (25, 26) have conjugate interlocking structures (28, 29, 30, 31) with which are associated vertical locking means (38, 39) for the purpose of 'prohibit the relative vertical sliding of said support element and the metal body. The invention extends to a method of manufacturing such a cart, characterized in that a metal profile and at least one insulating profile are assembled by fitting and crimping their combined fitting structures, so as to form a rigid two-component profile which is then cut transversely to obtain carriages.

Description

i

SLIDING OPENING TROLLEY

  ESPECIALLY SUITABLE FOR OPENING WITH A THERMAL BRIDGE BREAK

  The invention relates to a sliding window trolley such as a window opening or sliding window door, intended to be disposed between the outer and inner walls of an opening (and more particularly between the walls of the lower cross member of the opening), in order to support the opening and to cooperate with a fixed rail so

  to ensure the sliding of said opening along said rail.

  In the following, the carriage is described in a position i0 corresponding to its working position on the rail with which it cooperates. The longitudinal direction and the longitudinal dimension of an element of the carriage correspond respectively to the direction of the fixed rail and to the dimension of said element in this direction. An element is qualified as longitudinal when it extends mainly in the

  longitudinal direction, its longitudinal dimension constituting its main dimension.

  A transverse plane is a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, that is to say perpendicular to the fixed rail when the carriage is in the working position. The transverse direction corresponds to the horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. An element is qualified as transverse when it extends mainly in the transverse direction. An element is qualified as lateral when it mainly extends in a plane perpendicular to the transverse direction, at one end of the carriage. Finally, the direction called vertical direction is that perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions. It should be noted that the term "vertical" used to qualify this latter direction does not necessarily mean that it is truly vertical in the usual sense of the term. It is not excluded in fact to envisage the use of the trolley according to the invention on a non-horizontal fixed rail. The direction, called vertical direction by abuse of language, is, including in this particular case, perpendicular to the fixed rail. By extension,

  a plane is called horizontal when it is perpendicular to the vertical direction, that is

  ie when it includes the longitudinal and transverse directions.

  Certain known carriages have a metal body adapted to carry rolling means such as one or more rolling rollers rotatably mounted on said metal body around transverse axes. The metal body is

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  made directly integral with the opening by means integrated into said body. These carts

  are called monoblock metal carts.

  Such carriages promote thermal conduction between the outer and inner walls of the opening thus creating an undesirable thermal bridge, even if said opening is provided with profiles with thermal break. In order to reduce the importance of this thermal bridge, certain known one-piece metal carriages have, on the one hand, longitudinal flanges situated at a distance from the vertical external and internal walls of the opening, on the other hand, extreme transverse flanges or intermediates extending between said vertical walls of the opening to ensure transverse guidance of the carriage on the fixed rail (see in particular FR 2 751 367). Such one-piece metal carriages, by providing an air space between each of the longitudinal flanges and the vertical wall of the opening leaf facing, make it possible to

  limit unwanted heat conduction, but do not completely eliminate it

  ci due to the thermal bridges existing at the level of the transverse flanges (whose lateral edges are in contact with the inner and outer walls of the opening or

  close proximity to these).

  In addition, these one-piece metal carriages, by being in contact both with the inner wall of the slide exposed to mild temperatures and with the outer wall of the slide exposed to cold temperatures, lead to

condensation phenomena.

  Other known carriages are composed of a one-piece body made of injected insulating synthetic material, thus overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks induced by metal carriages. However, these insulating material carts have the disadvantage of having a less rigid and less durable structure than that of metal carts. They cannot therefore bear comparable weights and sometimes undergo deformations following prolonged use. These trolleys are therefore used for windows or French windows of limited weight; and their lifespan remains insufficient. They are also produced by injecting synthetic material into a mold which corresponds to a single type of opening cross member, of given dimensions. This results in the manufacturer's obligation to provide as many different molds as there are models of the window crossmember. This multiplication of ranges leads to additional costs

  production, including equipment, production management, storage ...

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  Furthermore, FR 2 376 280 proposes a trolley comprising a metal body on which are fitted shims extending transversely projecting from the metal body, in order to adapt the trolley to the dimensions -and in particular to the dimension transverse- of the cross member of the opening. The shims, of which the constituent material is indifferent according to the teaching of this patent, are inserted at one end into housings of the metal body provided for this purpose. The opening also rests, at a midpoint of an upper spacer connecting its outer and inner vertical walls, on an immobilizing screw arranged vertically in the metal body. The entire weight of the sash is thus transmitted to the carriage at this midpoint of the spacer. Such a carriage, if it can be used for entirely metallic openings, on the other hand is not compatible with an opening with a thermal break, the spacer of which is made of insulating synthetic material,

  too stiff to support the weight of the sash.

  The present invention proposes to overcome the above drawbacks

  mentioned. It aims in particular to propose a carriage for a sliding door having both excellent mechanical characteristics (resistance to the weight of the door and to dynamic forces in operation) and good thermal resistance. The invention aims inter alia to provide a carriage ensuring perfect insulation between the wall

  vertical exterior and the interior vertical wall of the cross member of the opening.

  Another objective of the invention is to propose a carriage particularly suitable for an opening with thermal break, which, in a known and current manner, has two upper lateral lateral shoulders on its walls

  vertical bars to rest on the trolley.

  Another objective of the invention is to propose carriages of simple design, standardized and suitable for the manufacture at reduced cost of different models corresponding to different opening sizes. In this regard, the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing said carts making it possible, from the same profiles, to make carts of different size and destination. The process according to

  the invention thus aims to reduce and optimize the manufacturing costs of the carriages.

  To this end, the invention relates to a carriage for a sliding leaf -

  particularly adapted to a thermal break opening leaf having two walls (vertical or at least substantially vertical) facing thermally insulated one of

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  the other intended to allow a translation of said opening along a fixed rail, said carriage comprising at least one rigid metallic body, rolling means rotatably mounted on the metallic body around at least one transverse axis of rotation and adapted to cooperate with the fixed rail, and means for supporting the opening, characterized in that said support means comprise: - at least one support element made of rigid thermally insulating material, adapted to hold and support said opening, - means for assembling each support element to at least one metallic body, adapted so that the opening is carried by the body (ies)

  metallic io (s) via the support element (s).

  The assembly means are in particular adapted to achieve relative locking in vertical translation of the support element with respect to the associated metal body in at least one direction (that corresponding to gravity), so that the support element subjected to weight of the opening and the metal body subjected, by means of the rolling means in contact with the rail, to an opposite reaction of said rail remain integral. These assembly means are possibly suitable for, in a version of the invention, making a rigid connection (in all directions)

  between the support element and the associated metallic body.

  Furthermore, thanks to the invention, in the case of an opening with thermal break, the two upper lateral lateral shoulders connecting with the carriage, formed on the vertical walls of the opening, rest on elements made of material insulating. Consequently, no heat transfer takes place between the carriage

  and said walls at the level of these upper lateral shoulders.

  Advantageously and according to the invention, in addition to the means for supporting the opening, the carriage also comprises means for immobilizing the carriage in the cross member of the opening in order to prohibit the relative sliding of the carriage and of the opening in the longitudinal direction. Said immobilization means comprise for example, on the one hand, at least one needle screw arranged vertically to come into abutment against an upper transverse spacer of the opening, on the other hand, on at least one support element, means of lower vertical stop adapted to rest on at least one lower lateral horizontal shoulder of a vertical wall of the opening. The tightening of the needle screw makes it possible to immobilize the carriage in height inside the cross member of the opening by pressing lower vertical abutment means on the lower lateral shoulder (s). This constrained immobilization also makes

  integral with the carriage and opening it in translation in the longitudinal direction.

  According to the invention, in the case of an opening with a thermal break, the metal parts of the opening (vertical external and internal walls, and in particular lower and upper lateral shoulders) are therefore only in contact with the support elements in insulating material; and the metal parts of the carriage in contact with the opening (needle screw) are only in contact with

  opening parts in insulating synthetic material (upper transverse spacer).

  o0 The thermal bridge created by the previous carriages is therefore eliminated.

  In a preferred embodiment, each support element is constituted by a transverse plate provided with an upper face for receiving and supporting the opening, said support element projecting on each side of the metal body in order to provide lateral guidance. of the carriage between the vertical walls of

opening it.

  In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the carriage comprises a single metal body and two support elements each assembled at a longitudinal end of the metal body. According to the invention, the means for assembling the support elements and the metal body are adapted to allow the weight of the opening, fully supported by said support elements, to be transmitted to the metal body and to the rolling means in contact with the rail. . To this end, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the metal body and each support element have interlocking structures conjugated with vertical contact surfaces for their attachment, and vertical locking means are associated with said structures interlocking to prevent relative vertical sliding of the body

  metallic and said support element in a direction at least corresponding to gravity.

  In particular, the interlocking structures of the metal body and the support element may have a horizontal section in the form of a dovetail, which makes it possible to secure the metal body and the support element in translation in the longitudinal direction and to ensure vertical guidance of said parts together. Said conjugate interlocking structures are optionally crimped

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  one inside the other, in order to secure the metallic body and the support element in

  translation in the vertical direction.

  In one embodiment of the invention, the vertical locking means comprise, in at least one zone of the vertical contact surfaces of the metal body and of the support element, a recess forming a vertical stop formed in said vertical contact surfaces. This recess is in particular obtained by joint deformation of the vertical contact surfaces by crimping in a given zone. In a variant, the vertical locking means comprise a lo insert intermediate between the support element and the metal body, having at least one shoulder forming a vertical stop embedded in the support element and a shoulder forming a vertical stop embedded in the metal body . The support element and the metal body are thus, indirectly, held integral in translation in the vertical direction in at least one direction. If said shoulders of the intermediate piece i5 have the form of collars or tongues, the support element and the metal body are then secured in translation in the vertical direction in both directions. In an advantageous embodiment, the intermediate vertical blocking piece is a screw, known as a blocking screw, arranged vertically between the support element and the metal body in a thread formed by two joined half-threads formed on the contact surfaces respectively of the metal body and of the support element. Each thread of the locking screw thus has a first half-thread embedded in the metal body constituting a vertical stop preventing the vertical sliding of the metallic body relative to the locking screw, and a second half-thread embedded in the support element. constituting a vertical stop preventing the vertical sliding of the support element relative to the locking screw. Each thread of the screw thus acts as a horizontal collar embedded partly in the metallic body and partly in

the support element.

  In an advantageous embodiment, the vertical locking screw and the aforementioned needle screw are constituted by the same screw adapted to carry out both the vertical locking of the support element on the metal body and

  immobilization of the carriage in the opening.

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  Advantageously and according to the invention, the carriage comprises means for adjusting the position of the axis of rotation of the rolling means by

relation to the metallic body.

  In a first embodiment in which the rolling means comprise a single roller, the adjustment means preferably comprise an inner yoke, called a stirrup, on which the roller is mounted to rotate, a pivot by which the stirrup is mounted to pivot on the metal body, vertical stop means adapted to limit the upward movement of the stirrup, and means for adjusting the position of said vertical stop means. In particular, the means of the vertical stop and the associated adjustment means comprise a stop adapted to come into contact with an inclined edge of the stirrup and carried by a longitudinal adjustment screw screwed through a longitudinal end of the body and the adjacent support element. The pivoting of the bracket around the mounting pivot makes it possible to vary the position of the axis of rotation of the roller with respect to the metal body, and therefore to vary the total height of the carriage to adapt it to any opening type. In the working position, the roller undergoes on the part of the fixed rail a vertical force upwards in reaction to the weight of the opening, a force which tends to pivot the caliper upwards. The pivoting of the stirrup is limited by the vertical stop offered by the longitudinal screw resting on the inclined edge of the stirrup. The stirrup, and consequently the roller, are thus blocked at a given height (which is a function of the tightening of the longitudinal adjustment screw). In a second embodiment in which the rolling means comprise two rollers, the adjustment means preferably comprise an inner yoke, called a stirrup, on which the rollers are rotatably mounted, means for mounting the stirrup on the metal body adapted to allow translation of said stirrup in a direction having a vertical component and a longitudinal component, stop means adapted to subject the stirrup longitudinally, and means for adjusting the position of said stop means. In particular, the stirrup mounting means comprise a support shaft on which the stirrup is rigidly fixed, and two inclined slides carrying the ends of said support shaft, formed in the lateral flanges of the metal body; and the stop means comprise a stop adapted to come into contact with a edge of the stirrup and carried by

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  a longitudinal adjustment screw screwed through a longitudinal end of the metal body and the adjacent support element. The vertical force directed upwards which the rollers undergo in the working position tends to make slide up, along the slides, the support shaft carrying the caliper. Said slides not being vertical, the support shaft, secured longitudinally by the stop offered by the longitudinal screw, abuts against the inclined upper edges of the two slides and is thus blocked at a given height (which is a function of the tightening of the longitudinal adjustment screw). Each end of the support shaft also advantageously has a section adapted to allow limited angular pivoting of

  the support shaft in the associated inclined slides, more fully described below.

  The invention extends to a method of manufacturing a carriage for a sliding sash, comprising a metal body, rolling means rotatably mounted on the metal body, means for supporting the sash, said support means comprising at at least one transverse support element made of insulating material, rigidly fixed to a longitudinal end of the metal body by conjugate interlocking structures crimped one inside the other and vertical locking means, said method being characterized in that: uses a metal profile whose cross section corresponds to the section along a horizontal plane of the metal body, - a profile of insulating material is used whose cross section corresponds to the section along a horizontal plane of the support element, - we assemble rigidly the metal profile with the insulating profile by fitting their interlocking interlocking structures and crimping the said interlocking structures one inside the other, so as to form a two-component profile (in the case of conjugate interlocking structures in the form of a dovetail, the metal profile having a pair of lateral ribs facing l 'one of the other intended to frame a central rib in the form of a dovetail of the insulating profile, the crimping operation is advantageously carried out by knurling, over the entire length of the metal profile, from the base of one of its lateral ribs and pressing under stress of said lateral rib against the central rib of the insulating profile), - said two-component profile is cut transversely so that the dimension of each section, in the longitudinal direction of said two-component profile, corresponds to the height of the carriage, each section obtained corresponding to a carriage, - the vertical locking means are put in place on each of the carriages, - the rolling means are mounted on the metal body of each of the carriages, - optionally, in the case of a support element extending transversely so as to have lateral ends projecting from the metal body, the lateral ends of the support element are cut vertically of a

  carriage so as to adapt its transverse dimension to that of a given opening.

  Thus, from a single metal profile and a single insulating profile, it is possible to manufacture carriages of different height (by varying the size of the sections, according to the longitudinal direction of the two-component profile) and of different transverse dimension (using an insulating profile suitable for large transverse openings and by reducing the transverse dimension of the support elements of the carriage by cutting their lateral ends). The production costs of the carriages are thus reduced substantially: unique model of primary products (profiles),

  reduction in manufacturing time, storage costs and production management ...

  The crimping of the metallic and insulating profiles respectively before machining makes it possible to obtain an inseparable two-component profile, particularly suitable for machining in series. In practice, metallic and insulating profiles with a length of 6 meters are preferably used. It should be noted that the invention also provides for the possibility of cutting the metal profile and the insulating profile independently of one another, before assembly. This variant of the process is however less advantageous in terms of productivity and cost. Finally, note that the adaptation of the carriage to the opening

  for which it is intended can possibly be carried out on site.

  Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the invention

  will appear on reading the following description which refers to the appended figures

  representing preferred embodiments of the invention given solely by way of nonlimiting examples, and in which: 0lo 2803867 - FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a trolley according to the invention, - Figure 2 is a cross section of the previous embodiment, made at the meeting area of the metal body and a support element (plate), - Figure 3 is a cross section, made at the axis of rotation of the rolling roller, of an embodiment of the invention in the working position on a fixed rail and inserted in the cross member of an opening, only part of which is shown, - Figure 4 is a view of below another embodiment of the invention, - Figure 5 is a vertical longitudinal section seen in perspective of the previous embodiment, - Figure 6 is a vertical longitudinal section seen in perspective of another embodiment reading of the invention, known as an adjustable single carriage, - Figure 7 is a vertical longitudinal section seen in perspective of another embodiment of the invention, known as a fixed double carriage, - Figure 8 is a vertical longitudinal section seen in perspective of another embodiment of the invention, known as an adjustable double carriage, - Figure 9 is a side view of the previous embodiment. FIG. 1 and 2 represent a single fixed carriage according to the invention, comprising a metal body 1, two extreme transverse plates 2 and 3, and a rolling roller 4. Said rolling roller is rotatably mounted on the lateral flanges 1a and lb of the metal body 1 via a transverse support shaft (not visible in this figure) on which it is mounted free to rotate. Each axial end of said support shaft is housed in a vertical groove 5a (respectively 5b) formed in the flange facing la (respectively lb) and securing the shaft in the longitudinal direction. Said axial end is moreover held in the vertical direction by an upper recess 6a and two lower recess points 7a and 8a of the flange la, produced by lateral punching of the outer face

of flange 1 a (respectively lb).

  Each longitudinal end of the metal body has a mortise having the overall shape of a dovetail and forming an interlocking structure with the plate opposite. Said interlocking structure has a central vertical rib 12, two intermediate vertical ribs la and lb located in the extension in the transverse direction of the central rib 12 and recessed in the longitudinal direction relative to said central rib 12, and two ribs extreme lateral verticals 9a and 9b projecting in the longitudinal direction relative to the central rib 12 and separated from the intermediate ribs 1a and 1b in the

  transverse direction by two vertical grooves 1 Oa and 1 Ob.

  Each plate 2 (or 3) has a longitudinal end comprising a lug having the overall shape of a dovetail. This stud forms a fitting structure adapted to come to fit into the fitting structure of the metal body 1 previously described. It more particularly comprises two lateral vertical ribs 14a and 14b adapted to be inserted respectively in the grooves 10a and lob of the metal body, and a spacer 15 extending transversely between the two lateral ribs 14a and 14b and adapted for, at its part central, come against the central groove 12 of the metal body. Said spacer 15 and lateral ribs 14a and 14b of the plate 2 therefore define, with the central rib 12 and the intermediate ribs 1a and 1b of the metal body 1, two

  vertical reservations 13a and 13b whose function will be described below.

  The plate 2 and the metal body 1 described above are made integral in translation in the vertical direction by knurling and then crimping of the extreme lateral rib 9b of the metal body 1 against the adjacent lateral rib 14b of the plate 2. The friction connection thus obtained is reinforced by two recesses 16a and 16b constituting vertical locking means on either side of the carriage. The recesses 16a and 16b are obtained by joint deformation of the adjacent ribs 9a and 14a on the one hand, and 9b and 14b on the other hand, so as to form two lateral vertical stops in the plane 17 (see Figure 2). This joint deformation is made possible thanks to the respective shapes of the interlocking structures of the plate 2 and of the metal body 1 which preserve two vertical reservations 13a and 13b at

  inside which are housed the recesses 16a and 16b.

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  Note that the plate 2 (or 3) and the metal body 1 are made integral in translation in the longitudinal direction by their structures

  dovetail-shaped conjugate fitting.

  Each end plate 2 (respectively 3) extends transversely projecting from the metal body 1 to form two lateral guide arms 2a and 2b (respectively 3a and 3b), adapted to guide the carriage transversely inside the cross member of the opening when it is in place and to guide it transversely on the fixed rail when the window slides. For this purpose, the distance between the lateral edges of the guide arms 2a and 2b (or 3a and 3b) is equal, apart from the functional clearance, to the spacing of the lateral walls 22a and 22b of the cross member of

  the opening (visible in Figure 3).

  The plate 2 (respectively 3) comprises at its central part a vertical reservation 18 (respectively 19) adapted to receive a needle screw intended to come into abutment against a transverse element 21 of the cross member 20 of the opening (see FIG. 3), in order to ensure a vertical immobilization of the carriage inside the cavity delimited by the side walls 22a and 22b, two upper horizontal shoulders 23a and 23b and two lower horizontal shoulders 73a and 73b of the opening (see FIG. 3) . This vertical immobilization also makes it possible to secure the carriage and opening it in translation in the longitudinal direction. Note that only one needle screw is necessary and that a trolley with a plate with reservation for screws

  needle and a full opposite plate is in accordance with the invention.

  Figure 3 shows, in section along the plane BB ', the carriage previously described in position in the cross member of an opening with thermal break. The carriage is inserted between two side walls 22a and 22b of the cross member of the opening and its rolling roller rests on a fixed rail 74 of the window frame or French window. Said walls 22a and 22b each have an upper horizontal shoulder 23a, 23b which allows the opening to rest on the carriage and more precisely on each of the plates 2 and 3. The possibly metallic parts (and in particular aluminum) of the opening are therefore only in contact with the plates 2 and 3 of the carriage which are made of thermally insulating material. Note that the transverse element 21 of the opening, said spacer, which rests on the metal needle screw 18, is in a known and common way of insulating synthetic material. The trolley according to the invention ensures

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  therefore perfect thermal insulation between the outer and inner walls 22a and 22b of the opening, and eliminate the thermal bridges which appear between said walls

with the front carriages.

  Figures 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the trolley according to the invention, comprising a metal body 24, a rolling roller 27 and two insulating end plates 25 and 26. The roller is mounted on the lateral flanges of the metal body 24 in a similar manner to the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3. Each plate 25 (respectively 26) has a longitudinal end 28 (respectively 29) for assembly with the body o0 metallic 24 in dovetail, adapted to be embedded in a mortise 30 (respectively 31) of complementary shape formed in the longitudinal end in

look of said metallic body 24.

  As in the example previously described, one of the extreme lateral ribs 32 (resp. 33) delimiting the mortise 30 (resp. 31) is knurled vertically at its base 34 (resp. 35) and crimped against the tail end dovetail 28 (resp. 29) of the plate 25 (resp. 26). This operation makes it possible to secure the plate

  and the metal body in translation in the vertical direction.

  The friction connection thus obtained is however insufficient to allow the plate to fully transmit the weight of the leaf to the metal body 24, and prevent any relative vertical sliding of the plate and the metal body. As before, it is therefore reinforced by vertical locking means, comprising in the present example a locking screw 38 (resp. 39) arranged between the plate 25 (resp. 26) and the metal body 24 in a thread 36 (resp. . 37) partly etched in the plate 25 (resp. 26) and partly in the facing metal body 24. Each thread 40, 41 of the locking screw 38 (or 39) acts as a horizontal disc-shaped pin. This pin is formed by two half-discs, one fitting horizontally into the plate 25 on a half-crown of radial thickness equal to the depth of the thread 40, 41, and the other fitting horizontally into the metallic body 24 on a half-crown of the same radial thickness. It should be noted that the locking screw can be eccentric relative to the plane CC 'and present a larger portion of its threads 40, 41 in the metal body 24 or vice versa in the plate 25.

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  In this second embodiment of the invention, the plate 25 (or 26) is therefore rigidly linked to the metal body 24 by a plurality of horizontal pins forming a vertical stop. Such a carriage is particularly suitable for supporting heavy window or French window sashes, since the weight of the sash is distributed over a plurality of vertical stops to be transmitted to the rollers (via the metal body) . Such a cart can in particular support a weight at least equal to 400 kg. It is also simple to produce: the various ribs and grooves of the profiles of the metal body 1 and of the plates 2 and 3 of the first embodiment described are here replaced by simple dovetail profiles 1o having only one vertical groove for receiving the locking screw. It should also be noted that one or both screws 38, 39 can also act as screws

  of immobilization of the carriage on the opening (needle screw).

  FIG. 6 represents a third embodiment of the invention, namely a simple carriage (that is to say provided with a single roller) adjustable: the means for mounting the roller 42 on the body metallic 43 are in fact adapted to allow adjustment of the position -and in particular of the height- of the transverse axis of rotation of the roller 42. For this purpose, the carriage comprises a stirrup 44 carrying the shaft 45 supporting the roller 42 The stirrup 44 is mounted on a lateral flange of the metal body 43 at one of its longitudinal ends by a pivot 46 with a transverse axis allowing the stirrup assembly 44 + shaft 45 + roller 42 to pivot around said axis so as to varying the position of the axis of rotation of the roller 42 relative to the body

metallic 43.

  At its other longitudinal end, the stirrup 44 has a transverse edge 47 inclined at 45 relative to the vertical direction. The carriage also comprises a longitudinal horizontal screw 48, passing through the plate 49 and the metal body 43 and having a maneuvering head 51 and a stop heel 52 bearing against the inclined edge 47. The heel 52 therefore acts as a stop vertical for the stirrup: it prevents the longitudinal end of the stirrup with inclined edge 47 from going upwards by pivoting around the axis 46 under the action of the vertical thrust which the roller undergoes from the rail fixed when the carriage is in the working position and the plates 49 and 50 support the opening. If the screw 48 is screwed through the operating head 51, the inclined plane 47 and therefore the axis of rotation of the roller 42 are moved downwards by pivoting the stirrup 44 around the axis 46. Conversely, unscrewing said screw 48 makes it possible to move up the position of the axis of rotation of the roller 42. Adjustment of the position of the axis of rotation of the rolling roller makes it possible to adapt the carriage to all

types of opening.

  It should be noted that the screw 48 also ensures the fixing of the plate 49 on the metal body 43 and makes the latter perfectly integral in translation in the longitudinal and vertical directions. The opposite plate 50 is connected to the metal body 43 by means similar to those of the second example illustrated on the

Figures 4 and 5 (locking screw).

  o10 FIG. 7 represents a fourth embodiment of the invention, known as a fixed double carriage, comprising a metal body 54, two extreme transverse insulating support plates 55 and 56 fixed to the longitudinal ends of the metal body 54 by locking screws 57 and 58 as explained above, and

  two rollers 59 and 60 mounted to rotate respectively on two transverse shafts 61 and 62.

  is The transverse shafts 61 and 62 are fixed at their axial ends on a double bracket

  63 mounted on the metal body 54 by means of a transverse support shaft 64.

  The support shaft -and therefore the stirrup 63 integral- is pivotally mounted on the metal body 54. This last characteristic allows the two rollers to remain constantly in contact with the fixed rail when the carriage is in the working position, even if said rail is not perfectly flat. The presence of the two rollers allows by

  elsewhere to distribute the weight of the opening supported by the carriage on two support shafts.

  Such a cart can therefore support higher loads, which offers the possibility

  use large bay windows.

  Figures 8 and 9 show a fifth embodiment of the invention, said adjustable double carriage, comprising a metal body 65, two extreme insulating support plates 66 and 67, two rollers 69 and 70 rotatably mounted on a bracket 68 similarly in the fourth embodiment. The stirrup 68 is fixedly mounted on a transverse support shaft 71, each axial end of which is engaged in a

  reservation 72 formed in the corresponding lateral flange of the metal body 65.

  Said reservation 72 forms an inclined guide slide, along which the support shaft 71 can slide. It is thus possible to translate the stirrup in a direction

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  making an angle of 450 with the vertical, and thereby adjusting the position of the rollers 69

  and 70 relative to the metal body 65 and therefore the total height of the carriage.

  The support shaft 71, and therefore the stirrup 68 integral, are maintained at the desired height by stop means and associated adjustment means comprising a screw 73 passing longitudinally through the plate 66 and the longitudinal end of the metal body 65 in look. The screw 73 includes an operating head 74 and a stop heel 75 bearing against the longitudinal end 76 of the stirrup 68 which extends generally vertically. When the carriage is in the working position, the rollers, and consequently the stirrup 68 and the support shaft 71, undergo a vertical upward force from the rail.

  fixed, in response to the weight of the slide supported and transmitted by the plates 66 and 67.

  The stirrup 68 being held longitudinally by the screw 73, the support shaft 71 abuts against the upper edge 72a of the reservation 72. The stirrup is thus blocked vertically. Such a carriage also has the following advantage: the shape of the support shaft 71 is adapted to allow a slight rotation of said shaft, and therefore of the stirrup 68 and the rollers 69 and 70, in the reservation 72. The support shaft 71 has for this purpose a polygonal section having a minimum overall size e slightly less than the width L of the reservation 72 taken perpendicularly to its inclined edges (the difference between these two dimensions is too small to be visible in FIG. 9), and a maximum overall dimensions E slightly greater than said width L. The shaft can thus oscillate between two extreme positions in which it is in contact at a point with each of the upper 72a and lower 72b edges of the reservation. This characteristic makes it possible to maintain the two rollers 69 and 70 constantly in contact with the fixed rail, including in the case of a flatness defect of said rail or a lack of parallelism between

the rail and the opening.

  It goes without saying that the invention can be the subject of numerous variants compared with the preferred embodiments previously described and

shown in the figures.

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Claims (15)

  1 / - Trolley for a sliding leaf - in particular suitable for a leaf (20) with thermal break having two metal walls (22a, 22b) facing each other thermally isolated from each other - intended to allow translation of said leaf ( 20) along a fixed rail (74), said carriage comprising at least one rigid metallic body (1; 24; 43; 54; 65), rolling means (4; 27; 42; 59, 60; 69 ,) rotatably mounted on the metal body around at least one transverse axis of rotation and adapted to cooperate with the fixed rail (74), and means for supporting the opening (20), characterized in that said means of support include: - at least one support element (2, 3; 25, 26; 49, 50; 55, 56 66, 67) of rigid thermally insulating material, suitable for holding and supporting said opening (20), - means for 'assembly of each support element (2, 3, 26; 49, 50; 55, 56; 66, 67) with at least one metal body (1; 24; 43; 54; 65), adapted so that the sash is carried by the metal body (s) via of the support element (s).   2 / - Trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that each support element (2, 3; 25, 26; 49, 50; 55, 56; 66, 67) is constituted by a transverse plate, provided with an upper face receiving and supporting the opening, and projecting on each side of the metal body (1; 24; 43; 54; 65) in order to produce a   lateral guidance of the carriage between the walls (22a, 22b) of the opening.   3 / - Trolley according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in   that it comprises a single metal body and two support elements (2, 3; 25, 26; 49,   ; 55, 56; 66, 67) each assembled at a longitudinal end of the metal body.   4 / - Trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that: - the metal body (1; 24; 43; 54; 65) and each support element (2, 3; 25, 26; 49, 50; 55, 56; 66, 67) have mating interlocking structures (9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, lla, llb, 12, 14a, 14b, 15; 28, 29, 30, 31) with vertical contact surfaces for their attachment , - vertical locking means (16a, 16b; 38, 39; 57, 58) are associated with said nesting structures in order to prohibit, in at least one direction,   the relative vertical sliding of said support element and of the metal body. 18 2803867   / - Trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that the combined interlocking structures (28, 29, 30, 31 ...) of the metallic body and of   the support element has a horizontal section in the form of a dovetail.   6 / - Trolley according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that   that the mating interlocking structures (9a, 9b, 1Oa, lob, la, 1 lb, 12, 14a, 14b,; 28, 29, 30, 31 ...) of the metal body and the support element are crimped one inside the other.   7 / - Trolley according to one of claims 4, 5 or 6, characterized in   that the vertical locking means comprise, in at least one zone i0 vertical contact surfaces, a recess (16a, 16b ...) forming a vertical stop formed in   said vertical contact surfaces.   8 / - Trolley according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterized in that   that the vertical locking means comprise a locking screw (38, 39) arranged vertically between the support element (25, 26) and the metal body (24) in an I5 thread (36, 37) formed by two half-threads joined together on the contact surfaces   respectively of the metal body and the support element.   9 / - Trolley according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in   that the means for assembling each support element (2, 3; 25, 26; 49, 50; 55, 56; 66, 67) to the associated metallic body (1; 24; 43; 54; 65) are adapted to produce a rigid connection.   / - Trolley according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in   that it comprises means for immobilizing (19a, 77a, 77b; 38; 57 ...) of the carriage in the opening member with a view to preventing relative sliding of the carriage and the opening member according to the longitudinal direction.   11 / - Trolley according to claim 10, characterized in that the immobilization means comprise, on the one hand, at least one needle screw (19a, 38; 57 ...) arranged vertically to come into abutment against a transverse spacer upper (21) of the opening, on the other hand, on at least one support element, lower vertical stop means (77a, 77b) adapted to rest on at least one shoulder   lateral lower (73a, 73b) of a wall (22a, 22b) of the opening.   12 / - Trolley according to claims 8 and 11 taken together,   characterized in that the locking screw and the needle screw consist of the same 19 2803867   screw (38, 39; 57, 58 ...) adapted to achieve both the vertical locking of the support element (25, 26; 55, 56 ...) on the metal body (24, 54 ... ) and the immobilization of the trolley in the opening (20).   13 / - Trolley according to one of claims I to 12, characterized in that   that it comprises means for adjusting the position of the axis of rotation of the means of   bearing in relation to the metal body.   14 / - Trolley according to claim 13 wherein the rolling means comprise a single roller (42), characterized in that the adjustment means comprise a bracket (44) on which the roller (42) is rotatably mounted, a pivot 0o (46) by which the stirrup is pivotally mounted on the metal body (43), vertical stop means (52) adapted to limit the upward movement of the stirrup (44), and   means for adjusting (48, 51) the position of said vertical stop means (52).   / - Trolley according to claim 14, characterized in that the vertical stop means and the associated adjustment means comprise a stop (52) adapted to come into contact with an inclined edge (47) of the stirrup and carried by a longitudinal adjustment screw (48) screwed through a longitudinal end of the body   metal and the adjacent support element (49).   16 / - Trolley according to claim 13 wherein the rolling means comprise two rollers (69, 70), characterized in that the adjustment means comprise a bracket (68) on which the rollers (69, 70) are rotatably mounted , mounting means (71, 72 ...) of the stirrup (68) on the metal body (65) adapted to allow translation of said stirrup in a direction having a vertical component and a longitudinal component, stop means (75) adapted to subject the stirrup longitudinally, and means for adjusting (73, 74) the position said stop means.   17 / - Trolley according to claim 16, characterized in that: - the stirrup mounting means comprise a support shaft (71) on which the stirrup is rigidly fixed, and two inclined slides (72 ...) bearing the ends of said support shaft (71), formed in lateral flanges of the metal body (65), - the stop means comprise a stop (75) adapted to come into contact with a edge (76) of the stirrup and carried by a longitudinal adjustment screw 2803867   (73, 74) screwed through a longitudinal end of the metal body (65) and the adjacent support element (66).   18 / - Trolley according to claim 17, characterized in that each end of the support shaft (71) has a section adapted to allow limited angular pivoting of the support shaft in the associated inclined slides (72). 19 / - Method for manufacturing a carriage for a sliding leaf, comprising a metal body (1, 24 ...), rolling means (4, 27 ...) rotatably mounted on the metal body, support means of the opening (20), said support means comprising at least one transverse support element (2, 3; 25, 26 ...) of insulating material, rigidly fixed to a longitudinal end of the metal body (1, 24 .. .) by conjugated interlocking structures (9a, 9b, lOa, lob, lia, lb, 12, 14a, 14b, 15; 28, 29, 30, 31 ...) crimped into each other and vertical locking means (16, 16b; 38, 39 ...), said method being characterized in that: - a metal profile is used whose cross section corresponds to the horizontal section of the metal body (1, 24 .. .), - a profile of insulating material is used, the cross section of which corresponds to the horizontal section of the support element (2, 3; 25, 26 ...), - the metal profile is assembled ique and the insulating profile by fitting and crimping one into the other their interlocking interlocking structures (9a, 9b, loa, lob, la, 1 lb, 12, 14a, 14b, 15; 28, 29, 30, 31. - the vertical locking means (16, 16b; 38, 39 ...),   - the rolling means (4, 27 ...) are mounted on the body metallic (1, 24 ...).   / - Method according to claim 19 for manufacturing a carriage in which each support element extends transversely so as to have lateral ends (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b ...) projecting from the metal body (1 , 24 ...), characterized in that the lateral ends (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b ...) are cut vertically 21 2803867   each support element so as to adapt its transverse dimension to that of an opening (20) given.