FR2802972B1 - Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion - Google Patents

Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion

Info

Publication number
FR2802972B1
FR2802972B1 FR9916349A FR9916349A FR2802972B1 FR 2802972 B1 FR2802972 B1 FR 2802972B1 FR 9916349 A FR9916349 A FR 9916349A FR 9916349 A FR9916349 A FR 9916349A FR 2802972 B1 FR2802972 B1 FR 2802972B1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
managing
combustion engine
particle filter
particle
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
FR9916349A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
FR2802972A1 (fr
Inventor
Romuald Chaumeaux
Georges Hekimian
Laurent Leprieur
Olivier Meurisse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SAS
Original Assignee
Renault SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault SAS filed Critical Renault SAS
Priority to FR9916349A priority Critical patent/FR2802972B1/fr
Priority to PCT/FR2000/003665 priority patent/WO2001048358A2/fr
Priority to EP00993633A priority patent/EP1240415A2/fr
Publication of FR2802972A1 publication Critical patent/FR2802972A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2802972B1 publication Critical patent/FR2802972B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/005—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus using models instead of sensors to determine operating characteristics of exhaust systems, e.g. calculating catalyst temperature instead of measuring it directly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
    • F02D41/402—Multiple injections
    • F02D41/405—Multiple injections with post injections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F01N2430/08—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying ignition or injection timing
    • F01N2430/085—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying ignition or injection timing at least a part of the injection taking place during expansion or exhaust stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
FR9916349A 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion Expired - Fee Related FR2802972B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9916349A FR2802972B1 (fr) 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion
PCT/FR2000/003665 WO2001048358A2 (fr) 1999-12-23 2000-12-22 Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion
EP00993633A EP1240415A2 (fr) 1999-12-23 2000-12-22 Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9916349A FR2802972B1 (fr) 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2802972A1 FR2802972A1 (fr) 2001-06-29
FR2802972B1 true FR2802972B1 (fr) 2002-05-03

Family

ID=9553721

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR9916349A Expired - Fee Related FR2802972B1 (fr) 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1240415A2 (fr)
FR (1) FR2802972B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001048358A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6622480B2 (en) * 2001-02-21 2003-09-23 Isuzu Motors Limited Diesel particulate filter unit and regeneration control method of the same
FR2829798B1 (fr) * 2001-09-14 2004-01-23 Renault Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules revetu d'une phase catalytique pour moteur a combustion
FR2840820B1 (fr) * 2002-06-18 2005-02-25 Renault Sa Procede de regeneration d'un filtre a particules de vehicule automobile et systeme de commande de la regeneration d'un tel filtre
KR100885226B1 (ko) * 2002-06-18 2009-02-24 르노 에스.아.에스. 자동차의 입자 필터의 재생 방법 및 재생 제어 시스템
FR2846038B1 (fr) * 2002-10-22 2006-12-22 Renault Sa Procede de determination de la temperature interne d'un filtre a particules, procede de commande de la generation du filtre a particules, systeme de commande et filtre a particules correspondant.
FR2855213B1 (fr) * 2003-05-23 2005-07-15 Renault Sa Procede et dispositif pour controler la regeneration d'un filtre a particules et ensemble de motorisation comprenant un tel dispositif
JP4434038B2 (ja) * 2004-04-05 2010-03-17 株式会社デンソー 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
FR2872200B1 (fr) * 2004-06-23 2006-11-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme d'aide a la regeneration de moyens de depollution associes a des moyens formant catalyseur
FR2872214B1 (fr) 2004-06-23 2006-11-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme de controle de la regeneration de moyens de depollution
FR2872213B1 (fr) 2004-06-23 2006-11-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme d'aide a la regeneration de moyens de depollution pour moteur de vehicule automobile
FR2876732B1 (fr) * 2004-10-18 2009-04-10 Renault Sas Systeme et procede de regulation de la regeneration d'un filtre a particules de moteur a combustion interne
FR2876737B1 (fr) * 2004-10-19 2006-12-22 Renault Sas Systeme et procede de controle d'une phase de regeneration d'un filtre a particules de vehicule automobile
FR2876733B1 (fr) 2004-10-20 2006-12-22 Renault Sas Systeme et procede de regulation de la regeneration d'un filtre a particules de moteur a combustion interne
FR2902823B1 (fr) * 2006-06-27 2011-11-25 Renault Sas Procede de regeneration d'un filtre a particules d'une conduite d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne
WO2008036010A1 (fr) * 2006-09-19 2008-03-27 Industriell Plåtproduktion Ab Système pour gaz d'échappement
GB2486416A (en) * 2010-12-13 2012-06-20 Gm Global Tech Operations Inc Method for controlling the regeneration process of a lean NOx trap
FR3055658B1 (fr) * 2016-09-08 2018-09-07 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede d’aide a une regeneration d’un filtre a particules dans une ligne d’echappement

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1216200A (fr) * 1983-02-03 1987-01-06 Vemulapalli D.N. Rao Fonctionnement d'un capteur de recyclage pour moteur diesel
JPH0621552B2 (ja) * 1989-02-13 1994-03-23 いすゞ自動車株式会社 パティキュレートトラップの再燃焼装置
FR2774421B1 (fr) 1998-02-02 2000-04-21 Peugeot Systeme de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules associe a un moteur diesel notamment de vehicule automobile
FR2774424B1 (fr) * 1998-02-02 2000-04-21 Peugeot Systeme de controle du fonctionnement d'une ligne d'echappement d'un moteur diesel notamment de vehicule automobile, equipee d'un filtre a particules

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001048358A2 (fr) 2001-07-05
WO2001048358A3 (fr) 2002-05-23
FR2802972A1 (fr) 2001-06-29
EP1240415A2 (fr) 2002-09-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FR2802972B1 (fr) Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion
FR2829798B1 (fr) Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules revetu d'une phase catalytique pour moteur a combustion
FR2814498B1 (fr) Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion
FR2787834B1 (fr) Dispositif de detection d'etat de combustion pour moteur a combustion
FR2769050B1 (fr) Procede de demarrage d'un moteur a combustion interne multicylindres
FR2833313B1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour stocker de l'eau separee du carburant a l'aide d'un filtre a carburant
FR2746852B1 (fr) Procede pour reconnaitre des derangements dans le fonctionnement d'un systeme d'injection de carburant
FR2833038B1 (fr) Procede pour le fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne a plusieurs cylindres
FR2829526B1 (fr) Regeneration d'un filtre a particules d'un moteur diesel
FR2831243B1 (fr) Bougie de prechauffage pour un moteur diesel et procede de fabrication associe
FR2745196B1 (fr) Filtre a cartouche amovible pour moteur a combustion interne
FR2766926B1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de decalaminage d'une chambre de combustion d'un moteur diesel
FR2764342B1 (fr) Procede de combustion pour moteur a combustion interne
FR2801635B1 (fr) Procede de gestion du fonctionnement d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a combustion
FR2793846B1 (fr) Procede de fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne
FR2844299B1 (fr) Procede de fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne et moteur a combustion interne mettant en oeuvre ce procede
FR2790281B1 (fr) Procede et appareil de commande de fonctionnement pour l'injection directe d'un moteur a combustion interne avec les servosystemes d'un vehicule
FR2781840B1 (fr) Dispositif et procede d'allumage pour moteur a combustion interne et paroi de separation correspondante
FR2781011B1 (fr) Procede de controle du fonctionnement d'un moteur suralimente a injection directe d'essence
FR2811710B1 (fr) Procede de fonctionnement d'un moteur diesel
FR2833995B1 (fr) Procede de detection de la regeneration incontrolee d'un filtre a particules implante dans la ligne d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne
FR2790036B1 (fr) Procede de commande d'un turbocompresseur a geometrie variable, notamment pour moteur diesel
FR2783873B1 (fr) Procede de freinage d'un moteur pour un moteur a combustion interne suralimente
FR2846370B1 (fr) Systeme d'aide a la regeneration d'un piege a nox a stockage/destockage pour moteur diesel
FR2801641B1 (fr) Procede de commande d'un moteur a combustion equipe d'un filtre a particules

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
TP Transmission of property
ST Notification of lapse

Effective date: 20070831