FR2800599A1 - Tige femorale anatomique pour prothese de hanche - Google Patents

Tige femorale anatomique pour prothese de hanche Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2800599A1
FR2800599A1 FR9914406A FR9914406A FR2800599A1 FR 2800599 A1 FR2800599 A1 FR 2800599A1 FR 9914406 A FR9914406 A FR 9914406A FR 9914406 A FR9914406 A FR 9914406A FR 2800599 A1 FR2800599 A1 FR 2800599A1
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France
Prior art keywords
threads
femoral stem
face
stem according
faces
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Granted
Application number
FR9914406A
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FR2800599B1 (fr
Inventor
Herve Arnould
Dominique Petitjean
Pierre Trouilloud
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Individual
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Individual
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
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    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/367Proximal or metaphyseal parts of shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A61F2310/00796Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. hydroxy(l)apatite

Abstract

La tige fémorale anatomique pour prothèse de hanche, est remarquable en ce que les faces frontales avant et arrière présentent, au niveau métaphysaire, une série de filets hélicoïdaux (2) et (3).

Description

L'invention se rattache au secteur technique des implants chirurgicaux notamment des tiges fémorales destinées<B>à</B> être impactées dans <B>le</B> canal médullaire d'un fémur.
La partie de la tige destinée<B>à</B> être impactée dans le canal médullaire est prolongée angulairement par un col dont l'extrémité libre est agencée pour recevoir, directement ou d'une manière rapportée, une tête sphérique généralement dénommée tête fémorale. Cette tête coopère avec la partie complémentaire d'un implant cotyloïdien impacté dans la cavité correspondante<B>de</B> l'os iliaque. Parmi la très grande variété de tiges fémorales existantes, on distingue celles qui sont retenues dans le canal médullaire avec du ciment, celles qui présentent des agencements spécifiques évitant l'emploi d'un tel ciment, celles dont le profil est symétrique et celles dont le profil est anatomique. L'invention concerne plus particulièrement une tige fémorale non cimentée de type anatomique. Le problème que se propose de résoudre l'invention est de s'opposer au mouvement naturel d'enfoncement et de rotation de la tige susceptible de se produire sous l'effet des efforts générés lors de déplacements particuliers comme le lever de chaise, la montée ou la descente d'escaliers.
Pour résoudre un tel problème,<B>il</B> a été conçu et mis au point une tige fémorale de type anatomique pour prothèse de hanche dont les faces présentent, dans la zone métaphysaire, une macrostructure de réhabitation osseuse.
Dans ce but, les faces frontales avant et arrière présentent, au niveau métaphysaire, une série de filets hélicoïdaux.
Le déploiement hélicoïdal propre au côté considéré est inverse au mouvement de la tige sous charge combinée de flexion et de torsion.
Les filets hélicoïdaux sont interrompus au passage des faces interne et externe peu larges pour éviter une fragilisation de la prothèse par creusement de ces faces.
Compte tenu du problème spécifique de s'opposer au mouvement d'enfoncement et de rotation interne d'une tige droite comme d'une tige gauche, l'hélicoïde présente des caractéristiques spécifiques au niveau de son sens<B>de</B> déploiement, de l'angle et du pas entre ses filets et du profil des filets.
Ainsi, l'invention est remarquable par les caractéristiques suivantes considérées séparément ou en combinaison le sens de déploiement de l'hélicoïde dépend du caractère droit ou gauche de la prothèse<B>: il</B> correspond<B>à</B> un pas<B>à</B> droite pour une prothèse droite et <B>à</B> un pas<B>à</B> gauche pour une prothèse gauche<B>;</B> les filets de la face avant de la tige n'ont donc pas le même sens que les filets de la face arrière<B>;</B> # l'angle et le pas entre deux filets sont définis pour un déplacement faible et réversible de la tige sous charge<B>:</B> l'angle est d'environ<B>30'</B> par rapport<B>à</B> l'horizontale et le pas entre deux filets de<B>3</B> mm environ<B>;</B> # le profil du filet dépend de la sollicitation de la face considérée en appui monopodal <B>: il</B> est en dent de scie s'opposant<B>à</B> la charge de compression sur la face antérieure et s'opposant<B>à</B> la charge en traction sur la face postérieure<B>; il</B> est donc débouchant vers le bas en antérieur et débouchant vers le haut en postérieur<B>;</B> # la profondeur des filets est dégressive de haut en bas pour assurer un ancrage de moins en moins profond au fur et<B>à</B> mesure que la zone prothétique est de moins en moins accessible<B>à</B> l'opérateur lors d'une éventuelle ablation de la tige.
Pour résoudre le problème posé de l'absence de macrostructure hélicoïdale sur les faces interne et externe de la prothèse, la face externe présente, sur une partie de sa hauteur, des rainures purement anti-rotatoires longitudinales ne compromettant pas la résistance de l'implant.
L'invention est exposée ci-après plus en détail<B>à</B> l'aide des figures des dessins annexés dans lesquels<B>:</B> <B>-</B> les figures<B>1</B> et 2 sont des vues de la face arrière, respectivement d'une tige droite et d'une tige gauche<B>;</B> <B>-</B> les figures<B>3</B> et 4 sont des vues de la face avant respectivement d'une tige gauche et d'une tige droite<B>;</B> la figure<B>5</B> est une vue<B>de</B> la face interne d'une macrostructure pour tige droite ou tige gauche la figure<B>6</B> est une vue de la face externe d'une macrostructure pour tige droite ou pour tige gauche <B>-</B> la figure<B>7</B> est une vue partielle<B>à</B> très grande échelle montrant la forme du profil en dent de scie des filets hélicoïdaux d'une tige droite, ces filets étant débouchant vers le haut pour la face postérieure et débouchant vers le bas pour la face antérieure.
La tige fémorale, qu'elle soit utilisée du côté droit ou du côté gauche, est désignée par<B>(1).</B> D'une manière connue, la tige<B>(1)</B> présente un corps (la) destiné<B>à</B> être impacté dans le canal médullaire. Ce corps (la) est prolongé latéralement et angulairement par un col fémoral<B>(1b)</B> destiné<B>à</B> recevoir une tête fémorale non représentée, coopérant généralement avec un implant cotyloïdien impacté dans la cavité correspondante de l'os iliaque de l'articulation de la hanche. On désigne par (1c) la face arrière, par (Id) la face avant, par<B>(l</B>e) la face interne, et par<B>(1</B> # la face externe.
Selon l'invention, les faces avant (Id) et arrière (Ic) présentent, au niveau métaphysaire, une série de filets hélicoïdaux (2 et<B>3).</B> Que ce soit les filets (2) de la face amère ou les filets<B>(3)</B> de la face avant, ces derniers sont orientés selon un angle (#) d'environ<B>30'</B> par rapport<B>à</B> l'horizontale. Le pas entre deux filets est d'environ<B>3</B> mm, de préférence<B>3,5</B> mm sur la face avant, et de préférence 2,4 mm sur la face arrière du fait du non parallélisme des deux faces avant et arrière.
La profondeur des filets (2) et<B>(3)</B> est dégressive de haut en bas pour faciliter une éventuelle extraction de la tige. Le sens de déploiement de l'hélicoïde dépend du caractère droit<B>ou</B> gauche de la prothèse<B>:</B> il correspond<B>à</B> un pas<B>à</B> gauche pour une prothèse gauche et<B>à</B> un pas<B>à</B> droite pour une prothèse droite. Les filets (2) de la face avant n'ont donc pas le même sens que les filets<B>(3)</B> de la face arrière<B>;</B> Le profil des filets (2) et<B>(3)</B> dépend de la sollicitation de la face considérée en appui monopodal. Ce profil est en dent de scie s'opposant<B>à</B> la charge de compression sur la face antérieure et s'opposant<B>à</B> la charge en traction sur la face postérieure<B>;</B> il est donc débouchant vers le bas en antérieur et débouchant vers le haut en postérieur (figure<B>7).</B>
Suivant une autre caractéristique et pour résoudre le problème posé d'éviter la rotation de la tige<B>(1),</B> la face externe (1f) présente, sur une partie de sa hauteur, des rainures verticales (4).
Au niveau de sa moitié supérieure, le tiers proximal de la tige est soumis<B>à</B> un revêtement bicouche de titane pur et d'hydroxyapatite, tandis que le sixième restant est soumis<B>à</B> un revêtement d'hydroxyapatite seul.
Les deux revêtements s'arrêtent selon une diagonale superposable<B>à</B> l'orientation angulaire (a) des filets (2) et<B>(3)</B> afin d'étaler les transmissions de contraintes et créer ainsi un gradient d'élasticité entre la prothèse et l'os.
Les avantages ressortent bien de la description.

Claims (1)

  1. <B>REVENDICATIONS</B> <B>-1-</B> Tige fémorale anatomique pour prothèse<B>de</B> hanche, caractérisée en ce que les faces frontales avant et arrière présentent, au niveau métaphysaire, une série de filets hélicoïdaux (2) et<B>(3).</B> -2- Tige fémorale anatomique selon la revendication<B>1,</B> caractérisée en ce que les filets (2) et<B>(3)</B> sont orientés pour s'opposer<B>à</B> l'enfoncement et<B>à</B> la rotation interne d'une tige droite comme d'une tige gauche. <B>-3-</B> Tige fémorale anatomique selon la revendication<B>1,</B> caractérisée en ce que les filets (2) et<B>(3)</B> sont orientés selon un angle d'environ<B>30'</B> par rapport<B>à</B> l'horizontale. -4- Tige fémorale anatomique selon la revendication<B>1,</B> caractérisée en ce que le pas entre deux filets<B>(3)</B> est d'environ<B>3</B> mm de préférence<B>3,5</B> mm sur la face avant, et de préférence 2,4 mm sur la face arrière du fait du non parallélisme des deux faces avant et arrière. -5-Tige fémorale anatomique selon la revendication<B>1,</B> caractérisée en ce que la face externe présente, sur une partie de sa hauteur, des rainures verticales (4). <B>-6-</B> Tige fémorale anatomique selon la revendication<B>1,</B> caractérisée en ce que le profil des filets (2) et<B>(3)</B> des faces avant et arrière est sensiblement en dents de scie débouchant vers le bas sur la face avant et vers le haut sur la face amère. <B>-7-</B> Tige fémorale selon la revendication<B>1,</B> caractérisée en ce que la profondeur des filets (2) et<B>(3)</B> des faces avant et arrière, est dégressive de haut en bas. <B>-8-</B> Tige fémorale selon la revendication<B>1,</B> caractérisée en ce qu'au niveau de sa moitié supérieure, le tiers proximal de la tige est soumis<B>à</B> un revêtement bicouche de titane pur et d'hydroxyapatite, tandis que le sixième restant est soumis<B>à</B> un revêtement d'hydroxyapatite seul, les deux revêtements s'arrêtant selon une diagonale superposable<B>à</B> l'orientation angulaire<B>(a)</B> des filets (2) et<B>(3)</B> afin d'étaler les transmissions de contraintes et créer ainsi un gradient d'élasticité entre la prothèse et l'os.
FR9914406A 1999-11-10 1999-11-10 Tige femorale anatomique pour prothese de hanche Expired - Lifetime FR2800599B1 (fr)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1413263A1 (fr) * 2002-10-22 2004-04-28 Zimmer Technology, Inc. Implant prothétique
FR2851456A1 (fr) * 2003-02-26 2004-08-27 Groupe Lepine Implant femoral a stabilite mecanique optimisee
FR2862865A1 (fr) * 2003-11-27 2005-06-03 Jean Francois Biegun Implant femoral a encoches de stabilisation
EP1698304A1 (fr) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-06 A.T.S. Sferic S.A.S. Prothèse à aspérités auto-impactable

Citations (7)

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US3996625A (en) * 1975-02-28 1976-12-14 United States Surgical Corporation Artificial hip joint with novel stem
US4199824A (en) * 1977-10-12 1980-04-29 Sulzer Brothers Limited Intramedullary stem
US4407022A (en) * 1978-08-04 1983-10-04 Steinzeug- und Kunststoffwerke Friedrichsfeld GmbH Femur component for an artificial hip joint
EP0179626A2 (fr) * 1984-10-24 1986-04-30 Finsbury (Instruments) Limited Implantations d'os
FR2575383A1 (fr) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-04 Lecestre Pierre Prothese pour articulation diarthrose
FR2600527A1 (fr) * 1986-06-24 1987-12-31 Setiey Louis Partie femorale de prothese de hanche.
US4840633A (en) * 1987-01-03 1989-06-20 Manfred Kallabis Cementless endoprosthesis

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3996625A (en) * 1975-02-28 1976-12-14 United States Surgical Corporation Artificial hip joint with novel stem
US4199824A (en) * 1977-10-12 1980-04-29 Sulzer Brothers Limited Intramedullary stem
US4407022A (en) * 1978-08-04 1983-10-04 Steinzeug- und Kunststoffwerke Friedrichsfeld GmbH Femur component for an artificial hip joint
EP0179626A2 (fr) * 1984-10-24 1986-04-30 Finsbury (Instruments) Limited Implantations d'os
FR2575383A1 (fr) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-04 Lecestre Pierre Prothese pour articulation diarthrose
FR2600527A1 (fr) * 1986-06-24 1987-12-31 Setiey Louis Partie femorale de prothese de hanche.
US4840633A (en) * 1987-01-03 1989-06-20 Manfred Kallabis Cementless endoprosthesis

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1413263A1 (fr) * 2002-10-22 2004-04-28 Zimmer Technology, Inc. Implant prothétique
FR2851456A1 (fr) * 2003-02-26 2004-08-27 Groupe Lepine Implant femoral a stabilite mecanique optimisee
FR2862865A1 (fr) * 2003-11-27 2005-06-03 Jean Francois Biegun Implant femoral a encoches de stabilisation
EP1698304A1 (fr) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-06 A.T.S. Sferic S.A.S. Prothèse à aspérités auto-impactable
FR2882647A1 (fr) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-08 Absalon Sferic Sarl Prothese a asperites auto-impactable

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