FR2793522A1 - Device for trapping polluting material emitted by motor function with fuel, comprises reservoir forming basin containing liquid mixture containing one or more solvents forming a trap - Google Patents

Abstract

The device includes a reservoir (1) which forms a basin and contains a liquid mixture (10) containing one or more solvents which form the trap. The reservoir has one or more inlets (2) to which is fixed a connector (11) to pass the exhaust from the motor into the basin of liquid. The reservoir also has an outlet (3) above the liquid mixture for evacuation of the cleaned exhaust. Preferred Features: The reservoir has at least a second outlet (8) with a closing valve (9) at the bottom of the reservoir to empty it. The connector is a tube plunging into the liquid in the reservoir. Means of filtering material suspended in the exhaust is directly or otherwise connected to the outlet above the liquid. The reservoir has at least two chambers (5,6), the first forming the basin containing the liquid with the outlet above the liquid leading into the second chamber via a bent connecting tube. At least one outlet from the second chamber is connected to the means of filtering out suspended particles, or the means of filtering is inside the second chamber to form a second trap.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for trapping pollutants or pollutants. More particularly, it relates to a device for trapping pollutants or pollutants exhaust fumes emitted by an engine running on a fuel for example, gasoline, diesel or other.

The disadvantage of such a type of engine is that the exhaust fumes are very polluting.

To purify the exhaust fumes it is known to make them pass through bypass passages leading to a catalyst (see EP 0 886 044). The problem of the volume of the exhaust fumes to be purified is still to be solved, for this it has been proposed a device with traps that have many traps passages to allow the passage of a large amount of exhaust fumes.

In this type of traps communication passages are necessary. In order to purify a large part of the exhaust fumes, it is known to provide in the trap that the communication passages have a resistance to the passage of exhaust fumes greater than that of the trap passages (see EP 0 879 938 ).

It is still known to select the products to be purified, for example the document WO <B> 99117005, </ B> teaches the possibility of heating a catalyst by ignition of the fuel injected in a targeted manner in the exhaust pipe to purify the fractions unburned fuel.

Indeed, the exhaust fumes contain all kinds of pollutants, CO, NO, hydrocarbons, suspended solids, etc.

These fumes are blackish and smell of hydrocarbons and burned oils. Known devices and methods such as those described above do not reach the solution of the problem in its entirety due to the volume of exhaust fumes combined with the variety of pollutants.

The object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks and to make less polluting the fumes emitted by an engine running on a fuel such as gasoline, diesel or other. According to the invention, it is now proposed to pass the fumes in a device which comprises a reservoir adapted to form a basin. The pond contains a liquid mixture composed at least in part of one or more trap-forming solvents. The basin has at least one inlet orifice to which is attached at least one connection means for the passage of fumes escaping from the engine and opening into the liquid mixture of the basin having at least one outlet located above the mixture liquid for the evacuation of cleaned fumes.

In order to eliminate any deposit that has been formed at the bottom of the pool thus leaving the muffler liquid clean, the tank has at least a second outlet orifice provided with a closure valve disposed at the bottom of the basin to drain it. .

In a preferred embodiment, the connecting means for the passage of fumes escaping from the engine is a tube immersed in the liquid mixture of the basin.

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical section, a device for trapping pollutants or materials according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view in vertical section along the line 11-11 of the device of FIG. 1; With reference to these drawings, the device comprises a reservoir 1, whose side faces are provided at their upper portions respectively with an orifice 2, 3 having a shape corresponding to the outside diameter of the transport pipe, evacuation or fumes intake engine exhaust. An inner wall 4 separates the interior of the tank into two chambers 5, 6. The inner wall 4 is also provided at its upper part with an orifice 7 having a shape corresponding to the outer diameter of the transport pipe, the discharge pipe or intake of engine exhaust fumes. The first chamber 5 comprises at its lower part an opening 8 equipped with a tap 9. The bottom of the first chamber 5 comprises in its lower half a liquid mixture 10 consisting for a part of solvents. `An inlet tube 11 is fixed in the orifice 2. This inlet tube 11 which has a bent part in the first chamber 5 dips at its end 12 into the liquid 10. A tube 13 bent is fixed in the orifice 7 of the inner wall 4. An outlet tube 14 comprising a solid filtering system contained in the second chamber 6 is fixed in the orifice 3.

The operation of the device according to the invention is as follows, the exhaust fumes coming out of the engine pass into the inlet tube 11 which immerses them in the liquid mixture 10. The liquid mixture which purifies, adsorbs or dilutes the fumes exhaust traps suspended matter, hydrocarbons and gases leaving said fumes. A black deposit is formed at the bottom of the basin formed by the liquid mixture 10 at the bottom of the first chamber 5.

The fumes that rise to the surface of the basin are cleaned and pass through the elbow tube 13 in the second chamber. From there they emerge through the solid filter and the outlet tube 14.

Exhaust exhaust fumes are very clean and very little toxic odor is diffused.

The valve 9 makes it possible to empty the basin containing the liquid mixture 10 by eliminating the deposit that has been formed. Thus the liquid of the muffler remains clean. The liquid mixture can be replaced after several uses.

Specifically for a quantity of 1.5 l of liquid mixture 10, after 30 minutes of operation of the engine, thus the arrival of exhaust fumes, 10 mg of black deposit was formed at the bottom of the basin.

After 60 minutes, 20 mg of deposit were formed. After 120 minutes, 45 mg of deposit was formed. After 240 minutes, 72 mg of deposit was formed.

This at constant temperature with a heated liquid mixture prior to starting the engine. Therefore, the deposit results from the start of the engine and not a heating of the mixture.

Exhaust exhaust fumes are no longer blackish and no longer smell the odors of hydrocarbons and burned oils.

Preferably, the device according to the invention can be made with a means of filtering the suspended matter in the fumes and is connected directly or not to the outlet orifice located above the liquid mixture. This has the advantage of trapping some very fine suspended matter that can escape the first liquid trap.

The reservoir of the device for trapping the pollutants according to the invention has at least two chambers 5, 6. The first 5 contains the liquid 10 and forms the basin. The outlet orifice situated above the liquid mixture 10 for the evacuation of the cleaned fumes emerges as an inlet orifice into the second chamber 6, in particular via a bent connecting tube introduced into said orifice. At least one outlet orifice of the second chamber is connected to the filtering means of the suspended solids in the flue gases.

In order to reduce the size of the device for trapping pollutants or materials according to the invention, the filtering means of the suspended matter in the fumes is disposed inside the second chamber 6 and forms a second trap located downstream of the basin containing the liquid mixture 10.

The invention further relates to the use of a device for trapping pollutants or substances emitted by an engine operating with a diesel fuel as defined above to reduce the pollution caused by a vehicle.

The list of variants of the device and the conditions of use and exploitation drawn up during this presentation is not exhaustive.

The reference signs inserted after the technical features mentioned in the claims, are intended only to facilitate the understanding of the latter, and in no way limit the scope.

Claims (1)

1 - Device for trapping pollutants or substances emitted by a motor operating with a fuel, characterized in that it comprises a reservoir (1) capable of forming a basin and containing a liquid mixture (10) composed at least in part by one or more trap-forming solvent products having at least one inlet orifice (2) to which at least one connection means (11) is attached for the passage of fumes escaping from the engine and opening into the liquid mixture (10) of the basin, having at least one outlet orifice (3) located above the liquid mixture (10) for evacuation of the cleaned fumes. 2 - Device for trapping pollutants or materials according to claim 1 wherein the reservoir has at least a second orifice (8) outlet provided with a closure valve (9) disposed at the bottom of the basin to drain it. 3 - Device for trapping pollutants or materials according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the connection means for the passage of fumes escaping from the engine is a tube (11) immersed in the liquid mixture (10) of basin. 4 - Device for trapping pollutants or materials according to any one of the preceding claims wherein a means for filtering the suspended matter in the flue gas is connected directly or not to the outlet orifice (3) located above liquid. 5 - Device for trapping pollutants or materials according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the reservoir has at least two chambers (5, 6), the first containing the liquid mixture (10) and forming the basin, the outlet orifice of above the liquid mixture (10) for the evacuation of the cleaned fumes opening as an inlet into the second chamber, in particular via an angled connection tube introduced into said orifice, at least one outlet orifice (3) of the second chamber being connected to the filtering means of the suspended matter in the exhaust fumes. 6 - Device for trapping pollutants or materials according to claim 6 wherein, the filtering means of the suspended matter in the fumes is disposed inside the second chamber (6) and forms a second trap located downstream of the basin containing the liquid mixture (10). 7 - Use of a device for trapping pollutants or substances emitted by an engine running on a diesel fuel according to any one of the preceding claims to reduce the pollution caused by a vehicle.