EP0344063B1 - Degassing device for the fuel feeding of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Degassing device for the fuel feeding of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344063B1
EP0344063B1 EP19890401412 EP89401412A EP0344063B1 EP 0344063 B1 EP0344063 B1 EP 0344063B1 EP 19890401412 EP19890401412 EP 19890401412 EP 89401412 A EP89401412 A EP 89401412A EP 0344063 B1 EP0344063 B1 EP 0344063B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
bowl
pipe
settlement
towards
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP19890401412
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0344063A1 (en
Inventor
Stéphane Constantinidis
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Rivapompe SA
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Rivapompe SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0011—Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
    • F02M37/0023—Valves in the fuel supply and return system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/20—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines characterised by means for preventing vapour lock
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • F02M37/0052—Details on the fuel return circuit; Arrangement of pressure regulators

Definitions

  • the supply fuel In internal combustion engines, the supply fuel must reach the carburetor free of any vapor or gas and at a temperature compatible with the fuel metering device with the intake air.
  • a fuel degassing device which comprises a settling tank and a cover body tightly fixed to the settling tank, said cover body being provided with a tube.
  • fuel inlet, a return pipe for gases and vapors to the tank located in an upper part of the cover and an outlet pipe for the evacuation of degassed liquid fuel towards the carburetor, and in which is mounted a valve loaded by a calibrated spring, which keeps the valve applied against a first seat as long as the settling tank contains gas, the latter then escaping towards the return pipe to the tank through passages with low pressure drop which bypass the valve, while when the settling tank is completely filled with liquid fuel, the valve is biased against the force of the spring, towards a position of f sealing on a second seat where it closes the return pipe to the tank.
  • a first separation between the liquid phase and the gas phase of the fuel takes place under the effect of the impact of the incident flow of fuel on a deflector, then the fuel gets rid of another part of the gases which it contains by passing through a cylindrical filter cartridge.
  • a fuel supply system for an internal combustion machine which comprises a gas separator, a recycling duct connected to the pressure outlet of a circulation and a Venturi tube arranged in the recycling duct to create a positive pressure drop between the interior space of the gas separator and the recycling duct, so that the gas coming from said space is sucked by the Venturi.
  • the separator according to said patent is connected between the tank and the pump, its main function being to send gas-free fuel to the pump. But as we know, this can cause the formation of gases or emulsions at the outlet.
  • GB-A-2157803 discloses a gas separator which comprises a valve formed by a ball which, when in the high position, completely closes the orifice of the return pipe to the tank.
  • the settling tank according to the invention is much simpler and economical than the separator according to patent DE-A-1235067 since it only has three connections instead of four. Another important difference is that the settling tank is mounted between the pump and the engine and therefore sends liquid fuel to the latter free of air bubbles and gases.
  • the settling tank is divided into two superposed stages, by a separating element in the form of an overturned funnel, the conical part of which defines with the internal wall of the tank a small interval for the 'flow of fuel from the inlet manifold, and the tubular part of which adapts to the upper part of the cover body, orifices being provided at the end of the tubular part to allow the evacuation of the gases s' accumulating in the upper stage towards the return pipe to the tank.
  • Said separating element is closed at its narrowed end by a wall pierced with a calibrated hole for the evacuation of gases accumulating in the lower stage.
  • a suitable mesh filter intended to separate the last gas bubbles from the fuel, the degassed fuel being under the filter being sucked towards the outlet pipe by a cannula whose lower end crosses the filter tightly and dives into the fuel.
  • the valve is pierced with a calibrated orifice allowing a low rate of fuel leakage towards the return pipe when the valve is in the closed position.
  • the degassing device 10 comprises a settling tank 11 and a cover body 12, made of a light metal or a synthetic material capable of withstanding the temperatures prevailing under the engine hood.
  • the vessel and the cover body can be assembled in various ways. For example, if the tank is made of metal, assembly can be carried out, as shown in FIG. 1, by crimping its upper edge 14 on a flange 16 formed on the periphery of the edge of the cover body, an O-ring 18 sealing. If the tank and the cover are made of synthetic material, they can be welded edge to edge, for example by the rotary process.
  • dome-shaped element 26 intended to recover the gases and vapors inside the tank and to bring them back to the tube 24 back to the tank.
  • said dome-shaped element is constituted by a disc having a concave lower face 28, for example with a slight taper centered on the axis of the tank.
  • Said element 26 is pierced in its center with an axial orifice 30 which communicates with the return pipe 24. It has a flat upper face 32 which bears against the internal face of the cover body, and a projecting peripheral edge 34 which is clamped between the edge 16 of the cover and a shoulder formed on the upper edge of the settling tank.
  • the inlet pipe 20 has a vertical portion 36 of narrowed diameter drilled in the element 26, in which the fuel accelerates.
  • the portion 36 is extended by a substantially horizontal portion 38 oriented so that the outgoing jet of fuel strikes the internal wall of the tank under a substantially tangential incidence.
  • the interior of the settling tank is divided into two stages by a deflector 40 in the form of an inverted funnel and of the same axis as the tank.
  • the deflector comprises a frustoconical part 42 whose flared edge leaves a slight clearance with the inner wall of the tank. Said edge comprises for this purpose a plurality of protrusions 44 regularly spaced in contact with the wall of the tank, and which define therewith narrow arc-shaped passages 46.
  • the frustoconical part is extended by a tubular part 48 provided at its upper end with hooks 50 which snap onto shoulders provided in the axial orifice 30 of the element 26.
  • the deflector 40 thus defines a stage upper annular 52 and a lower stage 54.
  • the vapors and gases being in the upper stage can flow towards the return orifice 24 by several calibrated tangential orifices 56 formed at the upper end of the tubular part 48 of the deflector.
  • the latter is closed by a wall pierced with an orifice 58 through which the vapors and gases forming in the lower stage are discharged.
  • a small portion of the effluent fuel flow is diverted from the inlet pipe 20 through a narrow channel 60 to a nozzle 62 which is mounted in the return pipe 24.
  • the fuel mixture jet leaving the nozzle creates a depression at the inlet of the return pipe which sucks the gases and vapors forming in the two stages of the tank.
  • a valve 64 is slidably mounted between a low position (right part of FIG. 3) where it is applied against a first seat 66 secured to the element 26 and a high position (left part of FIG. 3) where it is applied against a second seat 68 located at the entrance to the return pipe.
  • the valve struggles in a bore 70 provided with vertical grooves 72 which by-pass the valve when the latter is in the low position. These grooves provide different pressure drop passages for the liquid and gas phases.
  • the valve is calibrated by a spring 74 which keeps it normally applied against the seat 66 as long as the pressure downstream of the valve is less than a predetermined pressure. It has a central orifice calibrated 76 through which a low flow rate of liquid fuel leakage can escape when the valve is in its high position.
  • a filter 78 with a suitable mesh used to separate the last gas bubbles which may remain.
  • the degassed fuel flows to the bottom of the tank and is sucked in through a tube 80 connected to the outlet pipe.
  • the operation of the degassing device according to the invention will now be explained.
  • the fuel pushed by the pump enters the device through the inlet manifold 20.
  • Part of the flow is diverted to the nozzle 62 via the channel 60, from where it returns to the tank via the return manifold 24.
  • this fraction of the flow creates a depression which sucks the gases and vapors forming in the upper stages 52 and lower 54.
  • the rest of the fuel undergoes a deceleration in the vertical pipe, then a sudden increase in speed in the portion horizontal 38 of smaller diameter, which creates a gas mixture which expands in the upper stage 52.
  • a first gas separation takes place at this level.
  • the gaseous mixture is projected tangentially to the hot wall of the tank where it undergoes a thermal shock which still releases gases and vapors contained in the fuel. This separation continues under the effect of the vortex movement of the fuel and the centrifugal force.
  • the gases accumulate towards the highest part of the concave element 26 and are evacuated through the orifices 56 and the valve 64 towards the return pipe 24.
  • the liquid fuel practically free of gas, continues its rotational movement and passes to the lower stage 54.
  • the last fraction of gas accumulates in the deflector and is discharged through the orifice 58 towards the valve 64 and the return pipe. .
  • a non-return valve 82 can be integrated in the outlet pipe 22, in the case where the height or the distance between the carburetor and the device is large.
  • the valve has a triangular section with rounded ends ( Figure 5) and struggles in a cylindrical bore 84 circumscribed to the valve, so that passages 86 are defined for the flow of liquid fuel.
  • the valve At rest, the valve is supported under the action of its own weight on a first seat 88 (left part of Figure 5), while when degassed fuel flows, it is lifted and applied against a second seat 90 (right part of Figure 5) located at the entrance to the return pipe 22 which it only partially closes.
  • the element 26 can be made in one piece with the body of the cover.
  • the underside of the cover is concave.

Description

Dans les moteurs à combustion interne, le carburant d'alimentation doit arriver au carburateur exempt de toute vapeur ou gaz et à une température compatible avec l'organe de dosage du carburant avec l'air d'admission.In internal combustion engines, the supply fuel must reach the carburetor free of any vapor or gas and at a temperature compatible with the fuel metering device with the intake air.

Cette exigence devient problématique de nos jours, essentiellement en raison du fait que les essences actuelles sont plus volatiles, et également en raison des températures très élevées atteintes sous le capot moteur, surtout après des arrêts de courte durée.This requirement is becoming problematic these days, mainly due to the fact that today's gasolines are more volatile, and also due to the very high temperatures reached under the engine hood, especially after short stops.

Par la demande de brevet français N° 8710385, on connaît déjà un dispositif de dégazage de carburant qui comporte une cuve de décantation et un corps de couvercle fixé de façon étanche sur la cuve de décantation, ledit corps de couvercle étant pourvu d'une tubulure d'arrivée du carburant, d'une tubulure de retour des gaz et vapeurs au réservoir, située dans une partie haute du couvercle et d'une tubulure de sortie pour l'évacuation du carburant liquide dégazé vers le carburateur, et dans laquelle est monté un clapet chargé par un ressort taré, qui maintient le clapet appliqué contre un premier siège tant que la cuve de décantation contient du gaz, celui-ci s'échappant alors vers la tubulure de retour au réservoir à travers des passages à faible perte de charge qui by-passent le clapet, tandis que, lorsque la cuve de décantation est entièrement emplie de carburant liquide, le clapet est sollicité à l'encontre de la force du ressort, vers une position de fermeture sur un second siège où il obture la tubulure de retour vers le réservoir.By French patent application No. 8710385, a fuel degassing device is already known which comprises a settling tank and a cover body tightly fixed to the settling tank, said cover body being provided with a tube. fuel inlet, a return pipe for gases and vapors to the tank, located in an upper part of the cover and an outlet pipe for the evacuation of degassed liquid fuel towards the carburetor, and in which is mounted a valve loaded by a calibrated spring, which keeps the valve applied against a first seat as long as the settling tank contains gas, the latter then escaping towards the return pipe to the tank through passages with low pressure drop which bypass the valve, while when the settling tank is completely filled with liquid fuel, the valve is biased against the force of the spring, towards a position of f sealing on a second seat where it closes the return pipe to the tank.

Une première séparation entre la phase liquide et la phase gazeuse du carburant s'effectue sous l'effet du choc du flux incident de carburant sur un déflecteur, puis le carburant se débarrase d'une autre partie des gaz qu'il contient en traversant une cartouche filtrante cylindrique.A first separation between the liquid phase and the gas phase of the fuel takes place under the effect of the impact of the incident flow of fuel on a deflector, then the fuel gets rid of another part of the gases which it contains by passing through a cylindrical filter cartridge.

Toutefois, l'expérience a montré que le dégazage avec un tel dispositif reste encore insuffisant du fait que des gaz se récréent lorsque le carburant traverse la cartouche filtrante. De plus, cette dernière introduit une importante perte de charge, ce qui nécessite d'utiliser une pompe d'alimentation plus puissante.However, experience has shown that degassing with such a device is still insufficient because gases are recreated when the fuel passes through the filter cartridge. In addition, the latter introduces an important pressure drop, which requires using a more powerful feed pump.

D'autre part, par le brevet DE-A-1235067 on connaît un système d'alimentation en combustible pour machine à combustion interne, qui comprend un séparateur de gaz, un conduit de recyclage relié à la sortie sous pression d'une pompe de circulation et un tube de Venturi disposé dans le conduit de recyclage pour créer une chute de pression positive entre l'espace intérieur du séparateur de gaz et le conduit de recyclage, de sorte que le gaz provenant dudit espace est aspiré par le Venturi.On the other hand, from patent DE-A-1235067 a fuel supply system for an internal combustion machine is known, which comprises a gas separator, a recycling duct connected to the pressure outlet of a circulation and a Venturi tube arranged in the recycling duct to create a positive pressure drop between the interior space of the gas separator and the recycling duct, so that the gas coming from said space is sucked by the Venturi.

Toutefois, un tel système est d'une construction relativement compliquée étant donné que le séparateur comprend au moins quatre connexions avec les éléments avoisinants.However, such a system is of a relatively complicated construction since the separator comprises at least four connections with the neighboring elements.

De plus, le séparateur selon ledit brevet est branché entre le réservoir et la pompe, sa fonction principale étant d'envoyer du carburant exempt de gaz à la pompe. Mais comme on le sait, celle-ci peut provoquer la formation de gaz ou des émulsions à la sortie.In addition, the separator according to said patent is connected between the tank and the pump, its main function being to send gas-free fuel to the pump. But as we know, this can cause the formation of gases or emulsions at the outlet.

On connaît d'autre part par le brevet GB-A-2157803 un séparateur de gaz qui comprend un clapet constitué par une bille qui, lorsqu'elle est en position haute, obture complètement l'orifice de la tubulure de retour vers le réservoir.On the other hand, GB-A-2157803 discloses a gas separator which comprises a valve formed by a ball which, when in the high position, completely closes the orifice of the return pipe to the tank.

La présente invention propose un dispositif de dégazage selon le préambule de la revendication 1, et qui est bien plus simple, plus efficace et économique que les dispositifs de la technique décrite ci-dessus. Ce dispositif ce caractérise par les points suivants:

  • ― la tubulure d'arrivée présente dans ledit couvercle une portion de diamètre rétréci dans laquelle le carburant subit une accélération, et qui se prolonge par une portion qui fait pénétrer le carburant dans la cuve de décantation tangentiellement à la paroi de celle-ci,
  • ― en aval du clapet et dans la tubulure de retour vers le réservoir est monté un gicleur vers lequel une partie du débit incident de carburant est dérivé par un canal branché sur la tubulure d'entrée, ledit gicleur créant une dépression à l'entrée de la tubulure de retour.
The present invention provides a degassing device according to the preamble of claim 1, and which is much simpler, more effective and economical than the devices of the technique described above. This device is characterized by the following points:
  • The inlet manifold has in said cover a portion of narrowed diameter in which the fuel undergoes an acceleration, and which is extended by a portion which makes the fuel penetrate into the settling tank tangentially to the wall thereof,
  • - downstream of the valve and in the return pipe to the tank is mounted a nozzle to which part of the incident fuel flow is derived by a channel connected to the inlet tubing, said nozzle creating a vacuum at the inlet of the return tubing.

La cuve de décantation selon l'invention est bien plus simple est économique que le séparateur selon le brevet DE-A-1235067 puisqu'elle ne comporte que trois connexions au lieu de quatre. Une autre différence importante réside dans le fait que la cuve de décantation est montée entre la pompe et le moteur et qu'elle envoie donc à ce dernier un carburant liquide exempt de bulles d'air et de gaz.The settling tank according to the invention is much simpler and economical than the separator according to patent DE-A-1235067 since it only has three connections instead of four. Another important difference is that the settling tank is mounted between the pump and the engine and therefore sends liquid fuel to the latter free of air bubbles and gases.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la cuve de décantation est divisée en deux étages superposés, par un élément de séparation en forme d'entonnoir retourné, dont la partie conique définit avec la paroi interne de la cuve un faible intervalle pour l'écoulement du carburant venant de la tubulure d'entrée, et dont la partie tubulaire s'adapte à la partie haute du corps de couvercle, des orifices étant ménagés à l'extrémité de la partie tubulaire pour permettre l'évacuation des gaz s'accumulant dans l'étage supérieur vers la tubulure de retour au réservoir.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the settling tank is divided into two superposed stages, by a separating element in the form of an overturned funnel, the conical part of which defines with the internal wall of the tank a small interval for the 'flow of fuel from the inlet manifold, and the tubular part of which adapts to the upper part of the cover body, orifices being provided at the end of the tubular part to allow the evacuation of the gases s' accumulating in the upper stage towards the return pipe to the tank.

Ledit élément de séparation est obturé à son extrémité rétrécie par une paroi percée d'un trou calibré pour l'évacuation des gaz s'accumulant dans l'étage inférieur.Said separating element is closed at its narrowed end by a wall pierced with a calibrated hole for the evacuation of gases accumulating in the lower stage.

A la partie inférieure de la cuve de décantation est monté un filtre à mailles appropriées destiné à séparer les dernières bulles de gaz du carburant, le carburant dégazé se trouvant sous le filtre étant aspiré vers la tubulure de sortie par une canule dont l'extrémité inférieure traverse le filtre avec étanchéité et plonge dans le carburant.At the lower part of the decantation tank is mounted a suitable mesh filter intended to separate the last gas bubbles from the fuel, the degassed fuel being under the filter being sucked towards the outlet pipe by a cannula whose lower end crosses the filter tightly and dives into the fuel.

Avantageuseument, le clapet est percé d'un orifice calibré autorisant un faible débit de fuite de carburant vers la tubulure de retour lorsque le clapet est en position fermée.Advantageously, the valve is pierced with a calibrated orifice allowing a low rate of fuel leakage towards the return pipe when the valve is in the closed position.

Le dispositif selon l'invention effectue donc le dégazage en trois étapes:

  • ― une première séparation due à l'accélération du débit de carburant, puis à sa détente dans la cuve de décantation, où il est projeté tangentiellement à la paroi. Le carburant subit un choc thermique en circulant sur ladite paroi, ce qui favorise la séparation des gaz;
  • ― l'aspiration des gaz par la dépression créée par le gicleur;
  • ― les gaz et vapeurs résiduels sont canalisés par l'entonnoir vers la tubulure de retour au réservoir.
The device according to the invention therefore performs degassing in three stages:
  • - a first separation due to the acceleration of the flow of fuel, then when it relaxes in the settling tank, where it is projected tangentially to the wall. The fuel undergoes a thermal shock while circulating on said wall, which promotes the separation of the gases;
  • - the suction of gases by the vacuum created by the nozzle;
  • - the residual gases and vapors are channeled through the funnel towards the return pipe to the tank.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation préféré, en regard des dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un dispositif de dégazage;
  • La figure 2 est une vue en plan par le haut du dispositif, et partiellement en coupe;
  • La figure 3 est une vue à plus grande échelle du clapet monté dans la tubulure de retour au réservoir;
  • La figure 4 représente un clapet anti-retour monté dans la tubulure de sortie; et
  • La figure 5 est une vue en coupe du clapet selon la ligne V-V de la figure 4.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is an axial sectional view of a degassing device;
  • Figure 2 is a plan view from above of the device, and partially in section;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the valve mounted in the return pipe to the tank;
  • FIG. 4 represents a non-return valve mounted in the outlet pipe; and
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the valve along the line VV in FIG. 4.

Avec référence aux figures 1 et 2, le dispositif de dégazage 10 comprend une cuve de décantation 11 et un corps de couvercle 12, réalisés en un métal léger ou en une matière synthétique pouvant supporter les températures régnant sous le capot du moteur.With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the degassing device 10 comprises a settling tank 11 and a cover body 12, made of a light metal or a synthetic material capable of withstanding the temperatures prevailing under the engine hood.

La cuve et le corps de couvercle peut être assemblés de diverses façons. Par exemple, si la cuve est en métal, l'assemblage peut être effectué, comme le montre la figure 1, par sertissage de son bord supérieur 14 sur une bride 16 formée sur la périphérie du bord du corps de couvercle, un joint torique 18 assurant l'étanchéité. Si la cuve et le couvercle sont en matière synthétique, ils pourront être soudés bord à bord, par exemple par le procédé par rotation.The vessel and the cover body can be assembled in various ways. For example, if the tank is made of metal, assembly can be carried out, as shown in FIG. 1, by crimping its upper edge 14 on a flange 16 formed on the periphery of the edge of the cover body, an O-ring 18 sealing. If the tank and the cover are made of synthetic material, they can be welded edge to edge, for example by the rotary process.

Avec le corps de couvercle viennent de moulage une tubulure d'arrivée 20 par laquelle le carburant qui est refoulé par la pompe à essence entre dans le dispositif de dégazage, une tubulure de sortie 22 pour le refoulement du carburant dégazé vers le carburateur et une tubulure 24 par laquelle le carburant en excès ou les gaz et vapeurs sont ramenés au réservoir.With the cover body there comes molding an inlet pipe 20 through which the fuel which is discharged by the fuel pump enters the device. degassing, an outlet pipe 22 for discharging the degassed fuel towards the carburetor and a pipe 24 by which the excess fuel or the gases and vapors are brought back to the tank.

Dans la partie supérieure de la cuve de décantation s'adapte un élément en forme de dôme 26 destiné à récupérer les gaz et vapeurs se trouvant à l'intérieur de la cuve et à les ramener vers la tubulure 24 de retour au réservoir. A cet effet, ledit élément en forme de dôme est constitué par un disque présentant une face inférieure 28 concave, par exemple avec une légère conicité centrée sur l'axe de la cuve. Ledit élément 26 est percé en son centre d'un orifice axial 30 qui communique avec la tubulure de retour 24. Il comporte une face supérieure plate 32 qui s'applique contre la face interne du corps de couvercle, et un bord périphérique en saillie 34 qui est serré entre le bord 16 du couvercle et un épaulement formé sur le bord supérieur de la cuve de décantation.In the upper part of the settling tank there is a dome-shaped element 26 intended to recover the gases and vapors inside the tank and to bring them back to the tube 24 back to the tank. To this end, said dome-shaped element is constituted by a disc having a concave lower face 28, for example with a slight taper centered on the axis of the tank. Said element 26 is pierced in its center with an axial orifice 30 which communicates with the return pipe 24. It has a flat upper face 32 which bears against the internal face of the cover body, and a projecting peripheral edge 34 which is clamped between the edge 16 of the cover and a shoulder formed on the upper edge of the settling tank.

La tubulure d'arrivée 20 comporte une portion verticale 36 de diamètre rétréci percée dans l'élément 26, dans laquelle le carburant s'accélère. La portion 36 se prolonge par une portion sensiblement horizontale 38 orientée de manière que le jet sortant de carburant frappe la paroi interne de la cuve sous une incidence sensiblement tangentielle.The inlet pipe 20 has a vertical portion 36 of narrowed diameter drilled in the element 26, in which the fuel accelerates. The portion 36 is extended by a substantially horizontal portion 38 oriented so that the outgoing jet of fuel strikes the internal wall of the tank under a substantially tangential incidence.

L'intérieur de la cuve de décantation est divisé en deux étages par un déflecteur 40 en forme d'entonnoir renversé et de même axe que la cuve. Le déflecteur comporte une partie tronconique 42 dont le bord évasé laisse un léger jeu avec la paroi intérieure de la cuve. Ledit bord comporte à cet effet une pluralité d'excroissances 44 régulièrement espacées en contact avec la paroi de la cuve, et qui définissent avec cette dernière d'étroits passages 46 en forme d'arc. La partie tronconique se prolonge par une partie tubulaire 48 pourvue à son extrémité supérieure de crochets 50 venant s'encliqueter sur des épaulements prévus dans l'orifice axial 30 de l'élément 26. Le déflecteur 40 définit ainsi un étage supérieur annulaire 52 et un étage inférieur 54.The interior of the settling tank is divided into two stages by a deflector 40 in the form of an inverted funnel and of the same axis as the tank. The deflector comprises a frustoconical part 42 whose flared edge leaves a slight clearance with the inner wall of the tank. Said edge comprises for this purpose a plurality of protrusions 44 regularly spaced in contact with the wall of the tank, and which define therewith narrow arc-shaped passages 46. The frustoconical part is extended by a tubular part 48 provided at its upper end with hooks 50 which snap onto shoulders provided in the axial orifice 30 of the element 26. The deflector 40 thus defines a stage upper annular 52 and a lower stage 54.

Les vapeurs et gaz se trouvant dans l'étage supérieur peuvent s'écouler vers l'orifice de retour 24 par plusieurs orifices calibrés tangentiels 56 ménagés à l'extrémité supérieure de la partie tubulaire 48 du déflecteur. Cette dernière est obturée par une paroi percée d'un orifice 58 par lequel s'évacuent les vapeurs et gaz se formant dans l'étage inférieur.The vapors and gases being in the upper stage can flow towards the return orifice 24 by several calibrated tangential orifices 56 formed at the upper end of the tubular part 48 of the deflector. The latter is closed by a wall pierced with an orifice 58 through which the vapors and gases forming in the lower stage are discharged.

Selon l'invention, de la tubulure d'arrivée 20 est dérivée, par un étroit canal 60, une faible portion du débit de carburant effluent, vers un gicleur 62 qui est monté dans la tubulure de retour 24. Le jet de mélange du carburant sortant du gicleur crée à l'entrée de la tubulure de retour une dépression qui aspire les gaz et vapeurs se formant dans les deux étages de la cuve.According to the invention, a small portion of the effluent fuel flow is diverted from the inlet pipe 20 through a narrow channel 60 to a nozzle 62 which is mounted in the return pipe 24. The fuel mixture jet leaving the nozzle creates a depression at the inlet of the return pipe which sucks the gases and vapors forming in the two stages of the tank.

De façon connue en soi, dans l'orifice de la tubulure de retour, un clapet 64 est monté coulissant entre une position basse (partie de droite de la figure 3) où il s'applique contre un premier siège 66 solidaire de l'élément 26 et une position haute (partie de gauche de la figure 3) où il s'applique contre un second siège 68 situé à l'entrée de la tubulure de retour. Le clapet se débat dans un alésage 70 pourvu de rainures verticales 72 qui by-passent le clapet lorsque celui-ci se trouve en position basse. Ces rainures offrent aux phases liquide et gazeuse des passages de perte de charges différentes. Le clapet est taré par un ressort 74 qui le maintient normalement appliqué contre le siège 66 tant que la pression en aval du clapet est inférieure à une pression prédéterminée. Il comporte un orifice central calibré 76 par lequel un faible débit de fuite de carburant liquide peut s'échapper lorsque le clapet est dans sa position haute.In a manner known per se, in the orifice of the return pipe, a valve 64 is slidably mounted between a low position (right part of FIG. 3) where it is applied against a first seat 66 secured to the element 26 and a high position (left part of FIG. 3) where it is applied against a second seat 68 located at the entrance to the return pipe. The valve struggles in a bore 70 provided with vertical grooves 72 which by-pass the valve when the latter is in the low position. These grooves provide different pressure drop passages for the liquid and gas phases. The valve is calibrated by a spring 74 which keeps it normally applied against the seat 66 as long as the pressure downstream of the valve is less than a predetermined pressure. It has a central orifice calibrated 76 through which a low flow rate of liquid fuel leakage can escape when the valve is in its high position.

Dans la partie inférieure de la cuve est fixé un filtre 78 à maille appropriée, servant à séparer les dernières bulles de gaz qui pourraient subsister. Le carburant dégazé s'écoule au fond de la cuve et est aspiré par un tube 80 relié à la tubulure de sortie.In the lower part of the tank is fixed a filter 78 with a suitable mesh, used to separate the last gas bubbles which may remain. The degassed fuel flows to the bottom of the tank and is sucked in through a tube 80 connected to the outlet pipe.

On expliquera à présent le fonctionnement du dispositif de dégazage selon l'invention. Le carburant poussé par la pompe entre dans le dispositif par la tubulure d'arrivée 20. Une partie du débit est dérivée vers le gicleur 62 via le canal 60, d'où elle retourne au réservoir par la tubulure de retour 24. En sortant à grande vitesse du gicleur, cette fraction du débit crée une dépression qui aspire les gaz et vapeurs se formant dans les étages supérieur 52 et inférieur 54. Le reste du carburant subit un ralentissement dans la tubulure verticale, puis une subite augmentation de vitesse dans la portion horizontale 38 de diamètre plus petit, ce qui provoque une création de mélange gazeux qui se détend dans l'étage supérieur 52. Une première séparation de gaz s'effectue à ce niveau.The operation of the degassing device according to the invention will now be explained. The fuel pushed by the pump enters the device through the inlet manifold 20. Part of the flow is diverted to the nozzle 62 via the channel 60, from where it returns to the tank via the return manifold 24. By leaving at high speed of the nozzle, this fraction of the flow creates a depression which sucks the gases and vapors forming in the upper stages 52 and lower 54. The rest of the fuel undergoes a deceleration in the vertical pipe, then a sudden increase in speed in the portion horizontal 38 of smaller diameter, which creates a gas mixture which expands in the upper stage 52. A first gas separation takes place at this level.

Le mélange gazeux est projeté tangentiellement à la paroi chaude de la cuve où il subit un choc thermique qui libère encore des gaz et des vapeurs contenus dans le carburant. Cette séparation se poursuit sous l'effet du mouvement tourbillonnaire du carburant et de la force centrifuge. Les gaz s'accumulent vers la partie la plus haute de l'élément concave 26 et sont évacués à travers le orifices 56 et le clapet 64 vers la tubulure de retour 24.The gaseous mixture is projected tangentially to the hot wall of the tank where it undergoes a thermal shock which still releases gases and vapors contained in the fuel. This separation continues under the effect of the vortex movement of the fuel and the centrifugal force. The gases accumulate towards the highest part of the concave element 26 and are evacuated through the orifices 56 and the valve 64 towards the return pipe 24.

Le carburant liquide, pratiquement exempt de gaz continue son mouvement de rotation et passe à l'étage inférieur 54. La dernière fraction de gaz s'accumule dans le déflecteur et est évacuée par l'orifice 58 vers le clapet 64 et la tubulure de retour.The liquid fuel, practically free of gas, continues its rotational movement and passes to the lower stage 54. The last fraction of gas accumulates in the deflector and is discharged through the orifice 58 towards the valve 64 and the return pipe. .

En raison du tarage du clapet, la pression de gaz est insuffisante pour soulever le clapet. Celui-ci reste donc appliqué contre son siège inférieur 66, les gaz passant à travers les rainures 72. Le carburant liquide ne peut s'échapper par le même chemin car les rainures lui opposent une grande résistance. Le carburant liquide continue à remplir le dispositif et lorsque la pression qu'il exerce contrebalance la force du ressort 74, le clapet 64 est soulevé et appliqué contre l'autre siège 68. La tubulure de retour est alors obturée, seul un faible débit de fuite s'écoulant à travers le trou calibré 76. Le clapet ne se rouvre que lorsqu'un matelas de gaz d'épaisseur suffisante se sera reformé sous le clapet.Due to the calibration of the valve, the gas pressure is insufficient to lift the valve. The latter therefore remains applied against its lower seat 66, the gases passing through the grooves 72. The liquid fuel cannot escape by the same path because the grooves oppose it with great resistance. Liquid fuel continues to fill the device and when the pressure it exerts counterbalances the force of the spring 74, the valve 64 is lifted and applied against the other seat 68. The return pipe is then closed, only a small flow of leak flowing through the calibrated hole 76. The valve reopens only when a gas mat of sufficient thickness has reformed under the valve.

Comme le montre la figure 4, un clapet anti-retour 82 peut être intégré dans la tubulure de sortie 22, dans le cas où la hauteur ou la distance entre le carburateur et le dispositif est grande. Le clapet présente une section triangulaire à bouts arrondis (figure 5) et se débat dans un alésage cylindrique 84 circonscrit au clapet, de sorte que des passages 86 sont définis pour l'écoulement du carburant liquide. Au repos, le clapet est en appui sous l'action de son propre poids sur un premier siège 88 (partie gauche de la figure 5), tandis que lorsque du carburant dégazé s'écoule, il est soulevé et appliqué contre un second siège 90 (partie de droite de la figure 5) située à l'entrée de la tubulure de retour 22 qu'il n'obture que partiellement.As shown in FIG. 4, a non-return valve 82 can be integrated in the outlet pipe 22, in the case where the height or the distance between the carburetor and the device is large. The valve has a triangular section with rounded ends (Figure 5) and struggles in a cylindrical bore 84 circumscribed to the valve, so that passages 86 are defined for the flow of liquid fuel. At rest, the valve is supported under the action of its own weight on a first seat 88 (left part of Figure 5), while when degassed fuel flows, it is lifted and applied against a second seat 90 (right part of Figure 5) located at the entrance to the return pipe 22 which it only partially closes.

Il va de soi que l'élément 26 peut être réalisé en une seule pièce avec le corps du couvercle. Dans ce cas, c'est la face inférieure du couvercle qui est concave.It goes without saying that the element 26 can be made in one piece with the body of the cover. In this case, the underside of the cover is concave.

Claims (7)

1. A fuel degassing device which comprises a settlement bowl and a cover body sealingly fixed on the settlement bowl, said cover body being provided with a fuel feed pipe, an outlet pipe for discharge of the degassed liquid fuel towards the carburettor, and a pipe for return to the tank of the gases and vapours, which is disposed in the top part of the cover and in which is mounted a valve member loaded by a calibrated spring which holds the valve member applied against a first seat as long as the settlement bowl contains gas, the latter then escaping towards the tank return pipe through low pressure drop passages which by-pass the valve member while, when the settlement bowl is entirely filled with liquid fuel, the valve member is urged against the force of the spring towards a closure position against a second seat in which it shuts off the tank return pipe, characterised in that:
― the feed pipe (20) has in said cover (12) a restricted-diameter portion (36) in which the fuel is subjected to acceleration and which is extended by a portion (38) which passes the fuel into the settlement bowl (11) tangentially to the wall thereof, and
― mounted downstream of the valve member (64) and in the tank return pipe is a jet (62) towards which a part of the incident fuel flow is diverted by a duct (60) connected to the inlet pipe (20), said jet creating a depression at the inlet of the return pipe.
2. A degassing device according to claim 1 characterised in that fitted in the upper part of the settlement bowl is a dome-shaped element (26) which is intended to recover the gases and vapours in the interior of the bowl and return them towards the tank return pipe (24), said element being apertured at its centre with an axial orifice (30) communicating with the return pipe, said element being gripped along its edge between the body of the cover and the edge of the settlement bowl.
3. A degassing device according to one of claims 1 and 2 characterised in that the settlement bowl (11) is divided into two superposed stages (52, 54) by a separation element (40) in the form of an inverted funnel, the conical portion (42) of which defines with the internal wall of the bowl a small gap (44) for the flow of fuel coming from the inlet pipe and the tubular portion (48) of which is adapted to the top part of the cover body or the dome-shaped element (26), orifices (56) being provided at the end of the tubular portion to permit discharge of the gases which accumulate in the upper stage (52) towards the tank return pipe.
4. A degassing device according to claim 3 characterised in that said separation element (40) is closed off at its restricted end by a wall apertured with a calibrated hole (58) for discharge of the gases which accumulate in the lower stage (54).
5. A degassing device according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that mounted in the lower part of the settlement bowl (11) is a filter (78) comprising suitable meshes, which is intended to separate the last bubbles of gas from the fuel, the degassed fuel below the filter being sucked towards the outlet pipe by way of a pipe member (80) of which the lower end passes sealingly through the filter and dips into the fuel.
6. A degassing device according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that a non-return valve member (82) of substantially triangular section is mounted slidably in a cylindrical bore (84) around the valve formed in the outlet pipe (22), such that passages (86) remain free for the liquid fuel, said valve member being held bearing against a first seat (88) in the rest condition under the action of its own weight while in operation it is raised and applied against a second seat (90) disposed at the inlet of the return pipe (22) which it only partially closes off.
7. A degassing device according to claim 1 characterised in that the valve member (64) is apertured with a calibrated orifice (76) permitting a small leakage flow of fuel towards the return pipe when the valve member is in the closed position.
EP19890401412 1988-05-25 1989-05-24 Degassing device for the fuel feeding of an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0344063B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8806941A FR2632018B1 (en) 1988-05-25 1988-05-25 HIGH EFFICIENCY DEGASSING DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FUEL
FR8806941 1988-05-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0344063A1 EP0344063A1 (en) 1989-11-29
EP0344063B1 true EP0344063B1 (en) 1992-01-08

Family

ID=9366590

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890401412 Expired - Lifetime EP0344063B1 (en) 1988-05-25 1989-05-24 Degassing device for the fuel feeding of an internal combustion engine

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EP (1) EP0344063B1 (en)
DE (1) DE68900671D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2029121T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2632018B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2217388B (en) * 1988-04-11 1992-11-18 Outboard Marine Corp Vapour separator
US5253628A (en) * 1992-07-09 1993-10-19 Ford Motor Company Internal combustion engine fuel pickup and reservoir
US5730106A (en) * 1995-09-27 1998-03-24 Gonzalez; Jose M. Fuel/vapor separator apparatus for diesel engines
FR2783019B1 (en) * 1998-09-04 2000-10-27 Renault FUEL SUPPLY CIRCUIT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1235067B (en) * 1959-05-13 1967-02-23 Continental Motors Corp Fuel supply system for internal combustion engines
DE1979410U (en) * 1966-07-16 1968-02-22 Daimler Benz Ag FUEL CONVEYOR DEVICE FOR INJECTION COMBUSTION MACHINES.
JPS521231A (en) * 1975-06-23 1977-01-07 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel injection device equipped with air evacuator
GB2157803B (en) * 1984-04-25 1988-05-18 Facet Enterprises Vent-relief valve for a wet motor gerotor fuel pump
DE8522528U1 (en) * 1985-08-05 1985-10-10 Jenbacher Werke Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH, 7016 Gerlingen Device for the automatic venting of fuel lines in diesel engines
DE3530970C2 (en) * 1985-08-30 1995-05-11 Vdo Schindling Fuel system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68900671D1 (en) 1992-02-20
FR2632018B1 (en) 1993-12-24
FR2632018A1 (en) 1989-12-01
EP0344063A1 (en) 1989-11-29
ES2029121T3 (en) 1992-07-16

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