FR2793378A1 - Earth preparing machine preparatory to sowing comprises rows of harrow teeth, harrow roller and leveling and breaking up roller - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine comprises placed one after the other two rows of harrow teeth (7,8), a harrow roller (3) and a leveling and breaking up roller (5). A leveling board (4) is placed in front of the breaking up roller and a comb harrow (6) behind it.

Description

The present invention relates to a machine for preparing the soil in a single pass for seeding for a new crop.

Post-harvest soil preparation usually requires several different agricultural implementations and implements such as stubble cultivators, plows, harrows and rollers.

This soil preparation work is therefore particularly long and costly given the number of hours required for this work and the hours of rotation of the tractors to complete them.

In addition, it is observed that some of the required work, such as the passage of a rotary harrow, can be done properly at low speed of the tractor can not exceed 5 to 6 km / h in the usual way .

The object of the invention is therefore to design a new machine to prepare the soil in a single pass for seeding and which, moreover, can and should even, for a better result, be carried out at relatively high speed, higher at 8 Km / h and preferably greater than 10 or 12 Km / h.

According to the invention, the machine is characterized in that it comprises, placed in series one behind the other, in this order, in the direction of advance of the machine at least one row of harrow teeth for a first plowing , a crumbler roll, a flattener roller and crumbler.

The invention will appear more clearly with the aid of the description which follows, made with reference to the accompanying drawings schematically showing in FIG. 1, a broken-away perspective view of the machine showing in the order the tools which the make up; in Figure 2, a side view showing the positioning of the machine tools during its work of the earth.

 According to the embodiment illustrated schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2, the machine comprises, mounted on a chassis 1, the machine advancing in the direction of arrow A, successively one behind the other: two rows 2, 2 'of harrow teeth 7, 8, a crumbler roll 3, a leveling board 4, an embalmer and crumbler roller and, behind it, a comb harrow 6.

The teeth 7 and 8 of the two rows of fixed harrows 2, 2 'perform a first plowing. The teeth 7 of the row 2 are advantageously offset relative to the teeth 8 of the second row 2 '.

The clods formed by this first plowing are broken by the clod breaker roll 3 which has knives 10 distributed on its periphery 9. Advantageously, this clod breaker roll is of the type described in the patent FR 2 675 006 belonging to the same applicant, using knives working at an angle and with oscillation movements.

Such a roller is particularly suitable for performing the work of breaking the clumps formed by the first plowing.

The leveling board 4 provides behind the roller 3 a first leveling of the earth which will promote the work of flattening and crumbling performed by the roller 5.

This roll will advantageously be a roll denominated in the packer roll technique comprising, distributed on its periphery 11, teeth 12.

 It can also be a roll of another type, for example a coil with turns.

 Finally, behind the roller 5, a comb harrow 6 is advantageously provided.

The earth 13, not yet worked in front of the machine, is thus successively plowed by the harrow teeth 2, 2 'whose height can be adjusted as indicated by the arrow Fl, the clumps left behind the teeth of the rows of harrow 2 , 2 'are broken by the roll breaker 3; advantageously, the leveling board 4, whose height is adjustable according to the arrow F2, will achieve a first planarization of the earth, which will be perfect by the crumbling roller 5 whose working height is also adjustable according to the arrow F3.

The comb harrow 6 helps to complete the work leaving behind the machine a land ready to be seeded.

The machine comprises the usual organs with hydraulic cylinders, mechanical, pneumatic or electric for adjusting the height of the various tools, these means have not been shown as being conventional.

The arrow F4 indicates that the length of the machine can also be set to shorten it to the transport position and extend it to the working position.

For the transport position, the machine can also be raised obliquely or vertically in a conventional manner.

Surprisingly, it appears that such a machine thus constituted will allow an excellent work of the earth essentially if it is used with a sufficient speed of passage, for example greater than 8 Km / h but preferably greater than 10 Km / h and still more preferably greater than 12 Km / h.

Such a constraint is extremely favorable since it will make it possible to perform the preparation of a soil that is ready for sowing and even in a single pass much more quickly and in a conventional manner.

These results seem to be attributable essentially to the use in combination of the fixed harrow teeth 7, 8, followed by the adapted breaker roller 3.

Of course, many variants can be made to the diagrammatically illustrated embodiment, in particular with regard to the number of rows of plow harrow teeth as well as the type of these teeth and the optional use of the leveling board 4 of the comb harrow 6 or a suitable crumbling roller.

Claims (6)

<U> Claims </ U> 1. Machine for preparing the soil in a single pass for seeding, characterized in that it comprises, placed in series one behind the other, in this order, in the direction of advance of the machine at least one row (2) harrow tines (7) for a first tillage, a breaker roll (3), a smoothing and crumbling roller 5). 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least a second row (2 ') of harrow teeth (8) offset from the first row, this second row being placed between the first row (2). ) and the breaker roll (3). 3. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one leveling board (4) placed in front of the crumbling roller (5). 4. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a harrow (6) with combs placed behind the crumbling roller (5). 5. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the crumbler roller is of a knife type working obliquely and with oscillation movements. 6. A process for preparing the soil in a single pass for seeding, by means of a machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is conducted at a speed greater than 8 Km / h, preferably greater than 10 Km / h and, more preferably, at a speed greater than 12 Km / h.