FR2792847A1 - SAFETY, MAINTENANCE MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR THE SKI AREA OF WINTER SPORTS RESORTS - Google Patents

Abstract

Ski resort is divided in homogeneous zones memorized in data processing system situated in central terminal and linked throu remote data transmission means to mobile means, such as vehicles, and to emergency services. When vehicle is placed in one homogeneous zone, data processing system provides immediate information to that zone so as to know actions needed to be taken.

Description

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de la maintenance et de gestion dn dumahtG skiable des stations de sports d'hiver. The invention relates to a tracking security device.

maintenance and management of ski resorts in winter sports resorts.

sécurisées ou des filets de protection, .leir,.irp.lu des moyens de diagnostic et de localisation précis. On a besoin de connaître l'état de bon fonctionnement des canons à neige ou des déclencheurs d'avalanches, qui sont des moyens fines, et qui sont télécommandés. De me-me les interventions de secours aux skieurs accidentés doivent être menées avec rapidité et précision.. Winter sports resorts are faced with problems of securing and managing their ski area more and more acute because of an increasing attendance and an increasingly demanding clientele as well from the point of view of safety and value for money. Winter sports resorts have mobile, security, control and maintenance means, whose security and conditions of employment must be ensured, and fixed means which must be maintained and check for good condition Operating. By way of nonlimiting example, a movable means relates to the machines for damming ski slopes; the dammage is done at night so that the slopes can be used by skiers the next morning? dammage presents many risks due to the relative isolation of the operators of the dammage machines, weather conditions and the nature of the terrain; it is difficult to know whether the work was done correctly and under satisfactory economic conditions. Maintenance of security installations, which constitute fixed means, such as the state of the barriers delimiting the zones

or safety nets, .leir, .irp.lu means of diagnosis and precise localization. We need to know the operating status of the snow cannons or avalanche triggers, which are fine means, and which are remote-controlled. Similarly, rescue operations for injured skiers must be carried out quickly and precisely.

We know the means of computer access to cartography from the digitization of geographic sites.

We know the means of locating the position and guiding vehicles from satellite networks using digital mapping; the driver of a vehicle has a computer screen displaying the map of the region where he is located and on which the position of the vehicle is represented, in real time, with as well as the indication of the best way to get give to

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 a destination that he has previously registered; the control center of a transport company can thus know at all times, by means of a video screen, the position of its fleet of vehicles and for a given vehicle for example the situation of its load so as to be able to divert if it is empty to go and change a new freight.

 The navigation of airplanes can be done automatically from the direction from which the signals received from at least three beacons located on the ground come from and whose geographic position is precisely known.

 There are known radio or cable teletransmission means for transmitting (-? Digital data between one or more computers and computer terminals.

The object of the invention consists in proposing to winter sports stations a device for collecting processing and re-broadcasting of information, allowing a reaction in real time in order to secure and better manage their ski area.

The device for securing, monitoring maintenance and managing the ski area of a winter sports station according to the invention consists in dividing the site of a winter sports station into homogeneous zones with respect to at least one criterion from a series of coherent criteria? these homogeneous zones are stored in a computer system, located in a central station, connected, by remote transmission means, to mobile means equipped with tracking means, and to intervention services; when a mobile means, equipped with means of location, is positioned in a homogeneous area of the domain, the IT means of the central station allow to immediately know the criteria applied to this homogeneous area and to deduce mission orders, observations or actions to be carried out at the central station and or at the level of the mobile means and or at the level of maintenance or intervention services. several independent series are defined, of coherent criteria, concerning on the one hand, safety and or guidance and or control, movement and or conditions of the execution of a

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 mission, in the field of intervention of mobile means, equipped with locating means, such as dammage machines or such as people moving in the ski area, by their own means or with motorized machines, on the other hand the control of the good functioning and or the state of fixed means such as, for example, avalanche triggering devices, snow cannons, ski lifts, or the control of the good state of safety nets or the actual presence information signs or safety barriers, without this list being exhaustive. Each set of consistent criteria defines a virtual division of the site of the winter sports station, and in particular of the ski area, into homogeneous zones whose contours do not generally overlap with the virtual division, due to the site of the winter sports station. winter generated by each of the other series of criteria used? each set of criteria is intended to generate, automatically or by voluntary act of one or more people, intervention orders or alarms, concerning all or part of the personnel moving, or likely to intervene on the site of the winter sports resort.

The entire site of the winter sports resort is initially mapped by digitization in the form of points, the coordinates of which are defined relative to a reference point which can be longitude, latitude and altitude relative to the level. from the sea, but which can be a landmark in three specific axes of the winter sports resort; the digital cartography is stored in memory, in a computer of the central station, so as to carry out, starting from the cartography of the ground, a virtual binding in the form of planar polygons, for example in the form of small squares of a few meters side ? each plane polygon is small enough to be considered as if it were plane and according to the precision sought considered as a horizontal plane identified by the coordinates for example of its central point taken in vertical projection, or as an inclined plane according to the average inclination terrain identified for example by three points or by two points and the angle of greatest slope. Each zone

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 homogeneous consists of the assembly of these polygons having between eu ;; at least one side in common. In what follows we will use to facilitate understanding a terminology based on a mesh in the form of squares, but all the explanations can apply to a mesh for example in the form of triangles and or hexagons and or rectangles without this list is exhaustive.

homogènes dont fait partie le carré considérés titre d'exemple non limitatif, on définit pour des moyens mobiles tels que les engins de dammages trois zones homogènes qui sont les "zones de circulation autorisée", les "zones de circulation dangereuse" et les 2: 0 ne de circulation interdite"? chaque carré du site de la station de sport d'hiver est affecté par'un critère de cette série de trois critères qui est mis en mémoire dans le poste central; toujours à titre d'exemple non limitatif, on peut découper le site de la station de sport d'hiver en deux zones homogènes constituées des "zones skiables" et des "zones non skiables" et la zone skiable peut être affectée d'une série de sous-critères tels que "zone actuellement skiable", "zone non skiable actuellement par manque de neige", "zone non

skiable actuellement parce qu'elle 11"l..''.o't pas dammée", "zone à dammer", avec par exemple des sous critères pour distinguer sur une "zone à dammer" en cours de dammage les "carrés dammés" des "carrés restant à dammer". De même, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, on peut affecter une zone homogène qu'on appellera "zone critique" à des moyens fixes permettant de les identifier? à cette il zone critique" sont affectés des critères spécifiques caractérisant par exemple sans que cette liste soit limitative la nature et l'état de fonctionnement du moyen fixe; par exemple s'agissant d'un canon à neige, les critères peuvent être "canon à neige

haute pression en fonctionnement normal", il (- a ï-1 0 TI xi neige haute pression.3, 1 'arrût", "canon ,3, neige haute pression présentant un dysfonctionnement"? l'affectation d'un critère à un carré de cette zone critique entraîne l'affectation du critère à toute la zone critique. Each square is assigned criteria each corresponding to a series of criteria characterizing one of the zones

homogeneous which includes the square considered by way of nonlimiting example, three homogeneous zones are defined for mobile means such as dammage machines which are the "authorized circulation zones", the "dangerous circulation zones" and the 2: 0 no traffic prohibited "? Each square of the site of the winter sports station is affected by a criterion of this series of three criteria which is stored in the central station; still by way of nonlimiting example, the site of the winter sports resort can be divided into two homogeneous zones made up of "ski areas" and "non-ski areas" and the ski area can be affected by a series of sub-criteria such as "area currently skiable "," area not currently skiable due to lack of snow "," area not

currently skiable because it 11 "l .. ''. o't not dammée", "zone to dammer", with for example sub criteria to distinguish on a "zone to dammer" during dammage the "dammed squares "squares remaining to be dammed". Likewise, by way of nonlimiting example, one can assign a homogeneous zone which one will call "critical zone" to fixed means making it possible to identify them? to this critical zone "are assigned specific criteria characterizing for example without this list being limiting the nature and the operating state of the fixed means; for example in the case of a snow cannon, the criteria can be" cannon snow

high pressure in normal operation ", it (- a ï-1 0 TI xi high pressure snow.3, 1 stop", "gun, 3, high pressure snow with a malfunction"? the assignment of a criterion to a square of this critical area causes the criterion to be assigned to the entire critical area.

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This division of the station site is associated with means for locating the position of mobile or fixed means. These locating means, which equip the mobile means, can be implemented on the one hand from fixed beacons, positioned at various points in the area of the station, so that all parts of the area can be identify with respect to at least three fixed beacons, and secondly by using the remote transmission means with zizi computer means located in the central station.

The network of fixed beacons. i can advantageously be replaced by the use of an existing satellite network preferably associated with a fixed beacon placed at a geodesic point whose geographic coordinates and altitude are known with precision making it possible to locally limit the margin of error systematically introduced for reasons of military security.

The means of tlEtr.ar'rslivi.à <.ii: n allow to route to the central station! information relating to the position of each mobile means, equipped with tracking means, together with coded information on the situation of the means which it implements to carry out its mission; the latter are entered either automatically, such as the number of hours of engine operation of the mobile means, or using, for example, a keyboard or simple push buttons allowing the driver to signal manually, for example, the state of a fixed means when the mobile means enters a critical zone; the computer means of the central station make it possible to analyze the information received in relation to the criteria and possibly to the sub-criteria which are assigned to the square in which the mobile means are located, which will be called hereinafter "position square" to deduce therefrom and disseminate alarms and or orders, and / or derive economic data therefrom which is accumulated and stored.

As an example, we will describe; some standard series of criteria allowing different operations from each other, without this list being exhaustive.

A first standard series of criteria relates for example to the safety of mobile means, such as dammage machines, and includes a first criterion characterizing a "zone of

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circulation autorisée", un deuxième critère càl--,,~\\-~tél--isant une "zone de circulation dangereuse", un troisième critère caractérisant une "zone de circulation interdite" sans que cette liste soit limitative. La connaissance du point où se trouve de l'engin de dammage, équipé de moyens de repérage, permet grâce au;: moyens informatiques de reporter la position mesurée sur la cartographie numérisée, de situer

l'engin de dammage par rapport au ii-ia i 1. 1 êt j de manière à définir le carré de position dans lequel se trouve l'engin

de üarnrrt3eç ce qui permet de connaître le critère de la première série type qui est affecté au carré correspondant au carré de position et de savoir s'il est dans une "zone de circulation autorisé", une "zone de circulation dangereuse" ou de une "zone de circulation interdite",, suivant le critère trouvé, pour le carré de position, une alarme pourra être déclenchée automatiquement au niveau du poste central pour alerter le personnel de surveillance affecté au poste central et ou le conducteur au niveau de l'engin de dammage concerné si l'engin de dammage est entré dans une zone dangereuse ou interdite; par exemple il peut suffire d'une simple alarme au niveau de l'engin de dammage, s'il s'agit

d'une zone dangereuse, et de la mise en i.-.l ('. I" t t 1 f.' moyens de secours si l'engin de dammage e pénètre dans une zone interdite. A titre d'exemple non limitatif on peut avoir pour une même série de critères définissant des zones de circulation autorisée, de circulation dangereuse ou de circulation interdite, des découpages, du site de la station de sport d'hiver, en zones homogènes différentes par nature de moyens mobiles et par nature de mission qui leur sont affectés pour des moyens mobiles identiques; par exemple des engins motorisés individuels, qu'on appellera ci-après "moto-neiges", réservés aux secours pourront ne avoir pas les marnes zones d'évolution que des moto-neiges réservées à la visite des filets de protection, des pilônes, des remonte-pentes et ou des canons à neie.

authorized traffic ", a second criterion relating to" dangerous traffic zone ", a third criterion characterizing a" prohibited circulation zone "without this list being exhaustive. point where the dammage machine is located, equipped with locating means, allows, thanks to: computer means to report the position measured on the digital map, to locate

the dammage device with respect to ii-ia i 1. 1 and j so as to define the position square in which the device is located

of üarnrrt3eç which makes it possible to know the criterion of the first standard series which is assigned to the square corresponding to the square of position and to know if it is in an "authorized circulation zone", a "dangerous circulation zone" or a "prohibited traffic zone", according to the criteria found, for the position square, an alarm may be triggered automatically at the central station to alert the surveillance personnel assigned to the central station and or the driver at the level of the vehicle dammage concerned if the dammage device entered a dangerous or prohibited area; for example it may suffice with a simple alarm at the level of the dammage machine, if it is

of a dangerous zone, and of the setting in i .-. l ('. I "tt 1 f.' emergency means if the dammage e enters a prohibited zone. By way of nonlimiting example we may have for the same series of criteria defining zones of authorized circulation, dangerous circulation or prohibited circulation, divisions, of the site of the winter sport station, in homogeneous zones different by nature of mobile means and by nature of mission assigned to them for identical mobile means, for example individual motorized vehicles, which will be referred to below as "snowmobiles", reserved for rescue workers, may not have the marl evolution zones as reserved snowmobiles to the visit of protective nets, piers, ski lifts and or snow cannons.

A second standard series of criteria, made up of "sub-criteria" making it possible to create one or more homogeneous sub-zones located inside a homogeneous zone as and when tasks are performed therein in order to be able to control the unfolding; each square in this area

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la nature du terrain ,3. i 1 x nn nn e r ; à titre d'exemple, on détermine la position de l'engin de dammage, équipé de moyens de repérage, à intervalles rapprochés, de qui définit par rapport à la mesure précédente un certain nombre de carrés traversés, on convient par exemple que les carrés traversés par l'engin de dammage et le carré de position, où

il se trouve, sont damnés compte l',.1))l!' du. sens de déplacement de l'engin et de la distance parcourue entre deux mesures de position? compte tenu de la largeur de dammage utilisée, un certain nombre de carrés adjacents sont aussi dammés, en négligeant par exemple les carrés qui ne seraient que partiellement dammés au voisinage des bords du dispositif de

dam mage , les carrés de la zone dammage ont initialement le sous critère "carré à dammer" qui a été placé sur la totalité de la zone de dammage par le poste central au moment où l'ordre de dammer cette zone de dammage a été donné; lorsque les carrés sont dammés après le passage de l'engin de dammage au sens des règles précédemment décrites,

ils sont affectés du sous critère il c ai ré dammé" et constituent une sous zone homogène; i ls ne changent plus de sous critère si l'engin repasse une deuxième E-. fois au marne endroit; si l'engin passe dans unezone qui n'est pas une zone de dammage les carrés ne rez comportant pas les sous critères de la zone de dammage ne sont pas comptabilisés;: connaissant la distance totale parcourue par l'engin pour dammer la zone de dammage, et la largeur du dispositif de dammage on peut connaître la surface balayée par l'engin; on peut aussi comptabiliser la surface dammée par rapport à la includes in addition to the homogeneous area criterion, sub-criteria that can be assigned if certain conditions are met; this concerns, for example, a dammage area generally situated inside an area for the authorized circulation of dammage vehicles, possibly in a traffic area dangerous for the most difficult ski slopes; each dammer is equipped with a dammer capable of damming snow over a constant width taken perpendicular to the direction of movement of the dammer; the same dammage machine can implement a different dammage width according to the power absorbed by the dammage depending on

the nature of the terrain, 3. i 1 x nn nn er; by way of example, the position of the dammage machine is determined, equipped with locating means, at close intervals, which defines, with respect to the previous measurement, a certain number of crossed squares, it is for example agreed that the squares crossed by the dammage machine and the position square, where

it turns out, are damned account the,. 1)) l! ' of. direction of movement of the machine and the distance traveled between two position measurements? given the width of the dammage used, a certain number of adjacent squares are also dammed, neglecting for example the squares which would only be partially dammed in the vicinity of the edges of the

dam mage, the squares of the dammage zone initially have the sub-criterion "square to dammer" which was placed on the whole of the dammage zone by the central station at the time when the order to dammer this dammage zone was given ; when the squares are dammed after the passage of the dammage machine within the meaning of the rules described above,

they are affected by the sub-criterion it re dammed "and constitute a homogeneous sub-zone; they no longer change sub-criteria if the machine passes a second E-. once in the same place; if the machine passes into an area which is not a dammage zone the squares not including the sub-criteria of the dammage zone are not counted;: knowing the total distance traveled by the machine to dammage the dammage zone, and the width of the dammage one can know the surface swept by the machine; one can also count the dammed surface compared to the

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L conducteur de l'engin dé dammage peut, par exemple, avoir dans sa cabine un écran de contrôle qui lui permet de contrôler son travail, et de se déplacer même en plein brouillard- La détermination des sonos peut être faite une fois pour toutes mais en général elle est évolutive en fonction de la saison et notamment, par exemple l'été où l'utilisation du domaine skiable est utilisé de manière totalement différente par rapport à l'hiver. surface to be dammed and deduce production and productivity indices; you can visualize on a screen the part of the zone which is effectively dammed and possibly detect the parts of the zone to be dammed which would have been forgotten in order to be able to complete the work of dammage.

The operator of the dammage unit can, for example, have in his cabin a control screen which allows him to control his work, and to move even in full fog- The determination of the sound systems can be done once and for all but in general, it is subject to change depending on the season and in particular, for example in summer when the use of the ski area is used in a completely different way compared to winter.

l'enregistrer infulmatiquement de manière ~'1 ensuite affecter une série de critères et éventuel le'ment aux carrés inclus dans cette zone; le travail de 't ? zonage peut aussi être réalisé directement à l'écran au niveau du poste central à partir d'une table traçante ou en utilisant une souris avec un logiciel adapté; il peut être initié sur le terrain et finalisé à l'écran. One way of tracing an area F-to may consist in making r move by mobile means, equipped with a locating means, the periphery of the area to be identified in order to

save it infulmatically so ~ '1 then assign a series of criteria and possibly le'ment to the squares included in this area; 't's work? zoning can also be carried out directly on the screen at the central station from a plotter or using a mouse with suitable software; it can be initiated in the field and finalized on the screen.

Winter sports resorts have fixed means which should be checked regularly; it is relatively simple to automatically control a large installation from a distance because the resources to be used can constitute a small part of the initial investment; but a number of fixed or semi-fixed installations cannot be controlled in this way because it would constitute an excessive cost; for example, it is impossible at minimum cost to automatically detect the disappearance of a mattress =. a protection for skiers initially attached to the base of a pylon. One way of solving this type of problem consists in associating a critical zone with each fixed means to be checked; inside it, any driver of mobile means, equipped with a locating device comprising means for manual coding of information, as previously described,

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 can choose and code a criterion from a series of criteria concerning the state of the fixed means, and transmit the information by the associated remote transmission means.

pré-programme associé au moyen informatique embarqué 1 ti i..-- ri-i Ë ITI couplé avec' les moyens de télétransmission, constituant le moyen de codage, pour que le poste central sache immédiatement dans quel état est le filet et où il est situé et puisse décider d'une action à mènera lorsqu'une réparation a été effectuée, au niveau d'un moyen fixe et notamment par exemple d'un filet, par une équipe de maintenance équipée, d'un moyen mobile équipé de moyens de repérage et d'un moyen de codage, il lui suffit d'enregistrer à la place du sous critère précédent qui était par exemple "filet à réparer" le sous critère "filet en état". Leszones critiques n'étant pasmatérialisées sur le terrain, un signal peut indiquer au conducteur du moyen mobile qu'il est dans la zone critique d'un moyen fixe; il peut aussi disposer d'un écran lui permettant d'afficher toutes les zones critiques de l'endroit où il se trouve afin de s'y rendre méthodiquement, de ne pas en oublier et même de retrouver des zones critiques qui ne seraient plus identifiables sur le terrain parce que lemoyen fixe, qui la caractérisait, aurait disparu. By way of nonlimiting example, when placing a net in a danger zone, it is necessary to regularly check that this net is still in place and to be able to fulfill its function; for this it is sufficient once the net laid to determine a critical zone preferably located on a natural passageway of a mobile means equipped with a tracking device and coding means, and to associate with this critical zone by example the following sub-criteria! "net in condition", "net to be repaired", "net to be changed", "missing net". When a mobile means enters the critical zone associated with the net, it suffices, for example, to press a suitable button on a keyboard

pre-program associated with the on-board computer means 1 ti i ..-- ri-i Ë ITI coupled with 'the remote transmission means, constituting the coding means, so that the central station immediately knows in what state the net is and where it is located and can decide on an action to be taken when a repair has been carried out, at a fixed means and in particular for example a net, by an equipped maintenance team, a mobile means equipped with means location and coding means, it suffices to save in place of the previous sub criterion which was for example "net to repair" the sub criterion "net in state". As the critical zones are not materialized in the field, a signal may indicate to the driver of the mobile means that he is in the critical zone of a fixed means; he can also have a screen allowing him to display all the critical zones of the place where he is in order to get there methodically, not to forget them and even to find critical zones which would no longer be identifiable on the ground because the fixed means, which characterized it, would have disappeared.

On a practical level, the implementation of the means that we have just described consists in installing in a computer located in a central station, the digital cartography with its mesh, in developing the series of criteria and sub-criteria, which will be likely to be associated with

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exemple e ri ru I" C t .l 0 n des aléas climatiques. On équipe les moyens mobiles de moyens de repérage associés à des moyens

informatiques embarqués et des moyens 1.3 de \.adage d'informations. On peut utiliser les moyens de télétransmission existants avec lesmoyens mobiles pour communiquer central leur position, et les informations concernant notamment les conditions d'exploitation du moyen mobile, les observations faites dans les zones critiques, sans que cette liste soit limitative,! l'ordinateur central peut alors élaborer les informations reçues pour générer des ordres ou stocker des données de gestion économique, ou pour les visualiser, parexemple, sur un ou plusieurs écrans.each element of the bonding, according to the homogeneous zones, the homogeneous sub-zones, and the critical zones considered; this work is done with the managers of each winter sports resort according to its specificities; then the basic homogeneous zones and the critical zones which are considered to be permanent are installed; then we can add as the season progresses other homogeneous zones and other temporary critical zones which are created by

example e ri ru I "C t .l 0 n of climatic hazards. The mobile means are equipped with locating means associated with means

on-board computer systems and 1.3 means of information adage. Existing teletransmission means can be used with mobile means to communicate their position centrally, and information concerning in particular the operating conditions of the mobile means, observations made in critical areas, without this list being exhaustive! the central computer can then process the information received to generate orders or store economic management data, or to view them, for example, on one or more screens.

Claims (5)

Claims' 1-Securing device for monitoring the maintenance and management of the ski area of a winter sports resort, using mobile means, control and maintenance security, teams of means for locating the position and deguidage of vehicles from a satellite network, or from fixed beacons. using fixed means which must be checked and maintained, using digital cartography, as well as radio or cable teletransmission means enabling digital data to be transmitted between at least one computer located in a central station and computer terminals s located in intervention services or on mobile means, all or part of which is associated with automatic or manual coding means, characterized in that the site of the winter sports station is divided into? some:; humugens, compared made at least one criterion among a series of coherent criteria, which are memorized in a computer system, located in a central station, connected, by means of teletransmission, to mobile means and to services the intervention of in such a way that when a mobile means is positioned in a homogeneous area of the domain, the IT means of the central station allow immediate knowledge of the criteria applied to this homogeneous area in order to deduce mission orders, observations or actions to be carried out at the central station and or at the level of mobile means and or at the level of intervention services .... or maintenance. 2-Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is defined several independent series of criteria

 consistent, each set of consistent criteria de? i ni. # ~, - ,, * iit a virtual division of the site of the winter sports station, and in particular of the ski area, into homogeneous zones whose contours do not generally overlap with the virtual division, of the site of the station winter sports, spawned by each of the other series of consistent criteria used. 3-Device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the entire site of the station <Desc / Clms Page number 12>

 of winter sports which is mapped by n4lrrttr.i =: at.i. (rt in the form of points is meshed in the form of polygons, each homogeneous zone consisting of el 'asit: 11.1 il, .A de l. ces Polygons having at least one side between them tu mm un- 4-Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the mesh is made of polygons having the shape of triangles and or squares and or rectangle and or hexagons.  5-Dispusitive according to any one of claims 1

 or 2 and any one due!: i 1 "L ''., 'L.' 1.1 d i c a t ion 3 or 4, characterized in that each polygon is assigned criteria each corresponding to a series of criteria characterizing one of the homogeneous zones of which the polygon 'C ..'- considered. 6-Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the fine means s are identified from @ homogeneous areas s called critical areas within which the presence of any mobile means equipped with coding means can identify them to central station computer level. 7-Device according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that] es polygons, constituting a homogeneous area defined by a criterion of a coherent series, can be assigned a series of modifiable sub-criteria

 at the level of the means S ITI C1 la .t.! i :? equipped with coding means. 8-Device according to any one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the remote transmission means transmit to the central station the information concerning the polygon characterizing the position of each mobile means, together with information from the coding means on the situation of the means which it implements to execute its mission or on the state of a fixed means, when the mobile means is located in a polygon of the corresponding critical zone, so that the IT means of the central station can analyze @ the information received in relation to the criteria and possibly under criteria which are assigned to the polygon, in which the mobile means is located, in order to deduce therefrom and disseminate alarms and or orders, and or to extract therefrom economic data which are accumulated and stored. <Desc / Clms Page number 13>  9-Device according to at least any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 5, characterized in that a way of drawing a homogeneous or critical area is either to be traversed by a mobile means, team of means location, the periphery of the homogeneous or critical area to be identified, or to trace the periphery directly on the screen at the central station from a plotter or using a mouse, or by combining the

 two methods in order to save it infurmatically so as to then assign a series of criteria and possibly of us criteria to the polygons included in this area.