FR2789358A1 - Shock absorber for railway damper has end of tubular casing pushing machining tool against ring-shaped stop at end of expendable component - Google Patents

Abstract

Damper comprises tubular casing (7) linked to carrying frame (2) by shearing parts (9) able to free damper (1) after shearing. Expendable component (11) is placed in frame cavity between casing and frame. End of casing (7) is tubular and is placed in tubular section of frame (2). Tool (13), used to machine expendable component (11), is pushed by end of casing against ring-shaped stop (12).

Description

The present invention relates to an associated shock absorber device

  in particular to a railway buffer, that is to say a docking buffer mounted

  both on vehicles and on knockers.

  The absorbing device according to the invention makes it possible to absorb, during a major shock, that is to say during a docking incident or even an accident such as a collision, a large amount of energy. , which energy is dissipated in a particular system which consists in machining, with great

  speed, a workpiece by means of a tool adapted to that of said workpiece.

  This part, capable of being machined, constitutes a consumable of suitable material; it can be changed when the incident is limited to one

  partial or almost total destruction of this consumable.

  The present invention provides a compact absorber device, easily integrated, in the railway sector, as well on vehicles

  only on fixed installations such as knockers.

  This device is associated with a buffer, which buffer is fixed to the carrier chassis of the vehicle or door knocker, by means capable of releasing it by shearing in the event of major impacts, and the consumable part is housed in a cavity of said chassis, according to the axis of the pad, between the frame of the latter and said supporting frame, which frame is guided axially with respect to the frame and its end pushes a tool responsible for machining the consumable part, up to a stop in the form of a crown, located at the end of said piece

  consumable in the bottom of said chassis cavity.

  Still according to the invention, the consumable part is housed in a

  cylindrical frame constituting a kind of hoop, which frame is itself

  even housed in the chassis, fixed to the latter and its end is formed to constitute a stop both for the consumable part, and in the event of

need, to the buffer frame.

  According to another arrangement of the invention, the pad frame is guided in a sleeved flange fixed on the front face of the vehicle chassis or door knocker, with a portion of the sleeve which extends outside said front face and a portion which is integrated into said chassis, upstream of the

consumable part.

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  In this case, and still according to the invention, the means for releasing the frame during an impact consist of shear screws situated on the external portion of the sleeve associated with the flange, which screws are taken between this

sleeve and said frame.

  According to a first embodiment of the invention, the tool is in the form of a frustoconical wafer disposed at the end of the pad frame, between this

last and the consumable part.

  According to an alternative embodiment, the tool consists of a frustoconical crown provided with a circular groove on its face opposite to the cutting face, which groove makes it possible to embed said tool on the tubular end of the frame. According to another arrangement of the invention, the frame which encloses the consumable part, has a flange which allows its attachment to the face

  front of the vehicle chassis or the door knocker.

  According to another alternative embodiment, the armature comprises at its inlet, a guide tube cooperating with the cylinder forming the frame of the

  buffer, which tube is arranged upstream of the consumable part.

  Still according to the invention, and according to another variant, the consumable part extends over the entire length of the frame and comprises in its upstream part, that is to say at the entrance of the frame and of the chassis, a portion which acts as a guide for the cylindrical part of the buffer frame, which portion extends approximately over a third of the total length of the frame, the following two thirds forming a tube whose internal diameter is less than that of the tubular guide part, thus constituting the machinable part of the

consumable part.

  The invention will be further detailed with the aid of the following description and

  attached drawings given for information only, and in which: - Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an absorbing device according to the invention; - Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of Figure 1; - Figure 3 shows a particular embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 shows another embodiment;

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  - Figure 5 corresponds to the embodiment of Figure 4 after destruction

  complete of the consumable part, after a shock.

  FIG. 1 shows the installation of an absorbing device between a pad 1 and the cross member of the support frame 2 of the pad, that is to say of a vehicle frame or a knocker for example. The pad 1 includes its own elastic absorption elements,

  like springs or hydraulic or other system, not shown.

  The pad 1 is fixed to the front wall 3 of the chassis by means of a sleeved flange 4, that is to say a flange 5 associated with a cylindrical sleeve 6. The flange 5 is fixed by screws not shown on the face

frontal 3.

  The frame 7 is in the form of a cylindrical block housed and guided in the sleeve 6 and it has a hollow housing to accommodate

end of tampon 1.

  The frame 7 is secured to the sleeve 6 by means of several members capable of breaking by shearing, of the kind of shear screw or pins 9. The sleeve 6 extends on either side of the flange 5 and its outer portion comprises the shearing members while its inner portion extends in a cavity 10 formed in the chassis 2, hollow, to accommodate

the absorption device.

  This absorption device comprises a piece 11 of tubular shape which extends between the end of the sleeve 6 and a stop 12 located at the bottom of the cavity 10. This stop 12 serves to support the piece 11 and it is in the form of a crown with a large central hole to allow the

  chip removal during machining of part 11.

  This part 11, made for example of aluminum or an equivalent material, can be machined by means of a tool 13 which is fixed to the end of the

frame 7 of buffer 1.

  The tool 13 is fixed by screws or the like to the frame 7 and is in the form of a frustoconical wafer capable of machining the inner wall of the

Exhibit 11.

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  This machining of the part 11 is carried out immediately after rupture of the members 9 during a significant shock and this machining can be carried out over the entire

  length of the part 11 up to the stop 12.

  The part 11 constitutes a consumable part, that is to say it is capable of being replaced after a partial or almost total deterioration

even total.

  FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of FIG. 1 in which the cavity 10 receives an armature 14 which encloses the part 11 and the internal part of the sleeve 6. This armature comprises a flange 15 fixed at the same time as the flange 5 on the front face 3 of the chassis 2 and at its end, said frame 14 has a flange 12 'which acts as a stop

  to hold the consumable part 11.

  The frame 14 acts as a hoop for the workable part 11 and the absorber device is thus in the form of a compact insertable assembly

  in an appropriate chassis cavity 2.

  We find, in FIG. 3, a device according to the invention of the same kind as above and the references have been kept for simplification purposes,

  for parts with the same functions.

  Thus, there is the buffer 1 associated with its frame 7 which is a frame of cylindrical shape. The frame 14, housed in the cavity of the chassis 2, contains the

  machinable part 11 and a tube 17 which guides the frame 7 of the pad.

  The guide tube 17 extends at the entrance to the frame 14 and its length

  in the embodiment, corresponds substantially to its diameter.

  Note that the pin-shaped shearing members 9 are interposed between the armature and the end of the frame 7, passing through the tube

  guide 17, which end of the frame 7 is in the form of a skirt 19.

  The end of this skirt 19 is provided with the tool 13, which tool is in the form of a frustoconical crown provided with a circular groove 20 on the side opposite to the cutting face 21, which circular groove

  20 allows the tool to be embedded at the end of the skirt 19 of the frame 7.

  There is a clearance A between the cutting surface 21 and the upper end 22 of the machinable part 11. This clearance A corresponds substantially to the

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  stroke of the frame which is necessary to obtain the shearing of the members 9.

  The machinable part 11 is fixed to the frame 14 by means of pins or screws 23 located at the bottom of this frame, and it is immobilized at the

  bottom of the frame by means of the flange 12 'which acts as a stop.

  The frame 14 has a flange 15, as before, which is fixed on the front face 3 of the chassis 2 or on a plate 3 'disposed at the end

said chassis.

  Note, Figure 3, that the frame 14 projects beyond the flange 15 projecting from the latter, on the side of the pad 1 over a distance which

  roughly corresponds to half its diameter.

  The length of the machinable part 11 is chosen according to the stroke

of the pad frame.

  Note, Figure 3, that the length of the workpiece 11

  corresponds approximately to half the length of the frame 7 of the tampon.

  FIG. 4 represents an alternative embodiment of FIG. 3 in

  which the machinable part 11 extends over the entire length of the frame 14.

  This machinable part 11 has a portion 24 at the entrance to the frame 14 which acts as a guide sleeve for the cylindrical frame 7 of the pad. This guide portion 24 extends over a length which corresponds substantially to one third of the length of the frame, the remaining two thirds correspond to the

machinable part of the part 11.

  The diameter of the portion 24 is greater than the diameter of the portion

machinable of the part 11.

  The shearing members 9 are interposed as before,

  FIG. 3, between the end of the frame 7 and in particular the skirt 19 and the frame 14.

  The tool 13 which performs the machining of the part 11 is identical to the tool represented in FIG. 3, and it is embedded at the end of the skirt 19. The cutting surface 21 of the tool is preferably located at a certain distance from the machinable part 11 so as, previously, to leave a clearance corresponding to the

  shear stroke of the members 9, in the event of a significant impact.

  FIG. 5 shows the state of the absorption device and of the tampon after a strong shock which brings said tampon into abutment on the front part of the

chassis 2.

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  Note that the workpiece 11 has been completely damaged by the tool 13, which tool 13 is in abutment at the end of the frame 14, on the

12 'flange.

  The chips resulting from the machining of the part 1 1 by the tool 13, escape into the chassis 2 and in particular into its cavity fitted to this

effect at the bottom of the frame 14.

  This absorption device has the advantage of being in the form of a removable compact assembly, and can therefore be changed and reconditioned after the replacement of the part 11 which truly constitutes

  a consumable part, as well as the shearing members 9.

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Claims (9)

- CLAIMS -   1.- Shock absorber device for railway buffer in particular, of the type operating by high speed machining, comprising a part (11) acting as a consumable part made of suitable material and at least one tool (13) of shape adapted to that of the part , which tool is movable under the effect of said pad, which pad comprises a cylindrical frame (7) which is normally associated and fixed to the supporting frame (2) by means (9) capable of releasing said pad after shearing, which consumable part (11) is housed in a chassis cavity between said frame (7) of said buffer and said chassis, characterized in that the end of the frame (7) is in the form of a cylinder guided in a tubular part of the chassis (2) and in that the end of said frame pushes the tool (13) responsible for machining the consumable part (11), up to a stop (12, 12 ') in the form of a crown, located at   the end of said consumable part.   2.- absorber device according to claim 1, characterized in that the consumable part (11) is housed in a cylindrical frame (14) forming a hoop, housed itself in the frame (2) and forming a stop (12 ') at its end.   3.- absorber device according to any one of claims 1 or   2, characterized in that the frame (7), of cylindrical shape, is guided in a sleeved flange (4) fixed on the front face (3) of the frame (2) with a portion of the sleeve (6) projecting from to said face and a portion integrated in said chassis.   4.- absorber device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,   characterized in that the shearing members (9) are located on the portion   outside of the sleeve (6) between the latter and the frame (7) of the tampon.   5.- absorber device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,   characterized in that the tool (13) is in the form of a frustoconical wafer fixed to the end of the frame (7) between the latter and the workable part (11).   6.- absorber device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,   characterized in that the tool (13) is in the form of a crown 8 2789358   frustoconical provided with a circular groove (20) allowing the embedding of said   tool on the cylindrical end in the form of a skirt (19), of the frame (7).   7.- absorber device according to claim 2, characterized in that the frame (14) has a flange (15) allowing its attachment to the front face (3) of the frame carrying the pad. 8.- absorber device according to claim 7, characterized in that the frame (14) comprises at its inlet, a tube (17) acting as a guide for the cylinder-shaped frame (7).   9.- absorber device according to claim 7, characterized in that the consumable part (11) extends over the entire length of the frame (14) and comprises a part (24) at the entrance, which allows to guide the frame (7) of the tampon, which part (24) has a length which corresponds substantially to a third of the total length of said piece, the rest of the length being of a larger diameter   low and corresponds to the machinable area of said part by the tool (13).