FR2786405A1 - AUTOGIRE HELICOPTER KITE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a dirigible autogyro helicopter kite, flying in an average wind, comprising two propellers, optimised according to flying criteria.

Description

 The invention relates to the production of a gyroplane helicopter gyroplane. More specifically, the invention belongs to the category of airship kites, comprising two wires.

 We know and appreciate the traditional diamond shaped kites attached to a wire, flying with the wind.

 We also know the kites of the delta type flying wings category, attached by two fits. These are directional kites, this results from an aerodynamic balance controlled by two wires, these induce a variable incidence which changes the trajectory.

 We also know that a helicopter has a capacity to hover without falling like a stone, even in the absence of a motorization. This results from the lift capacity of the propeller kept in rotation at high cycle.

 The rotation of the propeller is maintained thanks to a descending pitch, associated with a negative incidence of each blade, close to its angle of fineness.

 The descent of the helicopter maintains the rotation of the propeller, which generates lift, which reduces the speed of descent.

 A helicopter with a gliding capacity is referred to as the gyroplane.

 Also known is American patent application 5381988 of January 17, 95, which describes a gyroplane helicopter gyroplane with a non-steerable fit, and its production method.

 This invention is sold under the name of Gyro Kite.

 This product shows however a serious failure which is not mentioned in the text of the patent which protects its exploitation in the USA: it absolutely does not vote.

 We consider that the product which refers to the cited patent shows an embodiment developed by those skilled in the art, in accordance with the requirements of the description.

 This achievement does not fly, and the claims do not refer to a flying kite.

 Obviously, this patent is not enough to describe the principle and the realization of a gyroplane kite which can give rise to an realization by the man of the art which flies.

 It therefore does not constitute an enforceable prior art for a gyroplane kite, even a non-steerable one.

 Several characteristics not mentioned in the cited text prove to be essential for such a kite to fly, these characteristics are integrated into the description of the invention.

The invention therefore relates at first sight to the principle and the embodiment:
- a gyroplane helicopter gyroplane which flies like
a kite.

 -which is steerable and therefore steerable.

 -who flies away and lands under the pilot's command.

 The first flight condition concerns the lift of one or more propellers.

 The propeller of the helicopter Fig 1 must include the blades, the profile of which has a lower surface 1, lower face, and an upper surface 2, the curvature of which is that of a wing, inclined downwards.

 The relative wind 3 maintains the rotation of the propeller and this creates a lift proportional to the speed of rotation therefore to that of the relative wind.

 The first condition for flight is one or more instructions, each wing-shaped blade of which is inclined in the direction of the relative wind.

 The invention may include a propeller with two aligned blades, as shown in FIG. 1, three blades with 120, 4 blades 90, or more.

 The invention may also include two superimposed propellers which rotate in opposite directions around their common axis, as shown in FIG. 2.

 Such a propeller assembly doubles the lift and eliminates the gyroscopic torque generated by a single propeller.

 The second condition necessary for flight is that the propeller turns freely around its axis, without significant friction, and therefore that the only force of the relative wind is enough to maintain its rotation.

It is therefore advisable to produce a bearing without friction between the central axis and the propeller, which is usually achieved for example by
-A ball bearing.

 -A self-lubricated sintered bronze bearing.

The latter solution is of low cost and weight, it is recommended.

 The third necessary condition for flight is that the lift provided by the propeller (s) in an average relative wind largely compensates for the weight of the assembly of the invention and of the fit.

 For example, for a helicopter with a wingspan of 30 cm, a structure and propeller weight of 50 g must not be exceeded.

 Consequently, the propeller and the structure are made of a material with low density and high stiffness.

 One or more propellers made of beech are recommended, a balsa structure is suitable.

 Expanded plastics for the structure are possible, a stiff material such as impact polystyrene for the propeller is possible.

 The bearing is preferably made of lubricated sintered bronze, the steel shaft, both of small diameter and therefore of low weight.

 The axis is integral with the structure, the bearing is integral with the propeller.

 Finally, so that the invention in FIG. 3 flies like a kite, the body of the helicopter 3 is attached by a light cord 2, according to a point of attachment which keeps the underside of the propeller (s) facing the wind 1.

 The tail fin helps stabilize the attitude of the helicopter, and will be adjusted to adjust the attitude.

It is recommended to assemble two propellers as shown in Figure 3 in order to eliminate the defects inherent in the use of a propeller:
- Gyroscopic couple
-Excess of lift of the single propeller facing the wind
- Vibration asymmetry.

 The three flight conditions being characterized, an embodiment of the invention is an airship kite, the trajectory of which is controlled by two wires like kites of the delta wing type.

 The rotating propeller creates a vector result lift close to its axis.

 Two counter-rotating propellers create lift, the result of which coincides perfectly with their axis.

 The attachment of the helicopter structure by two wires makes it possible to transmit a lateral tilt torque of the structure and therefore of the propeller or propellers, as soon as one wire pulls more than the other.

 As soon as the wire 1 in figure 4 pulls more than the wire 2, the result of the aerodynamic forces passing through the axis of the propeller (s) tips in the direction indicated by 3, which causes the helicopter to drift (front view ) in direction 4.

 We also note that a single propeller has a gyroscopic inertia and that the lateral tilting induced by the wire causes a longitudinal tilting of the device, which complicates the piloting.

 The purpose of the double pitched double helix is to remove this effect.

 The last optional feature of this invention relates to the possibility of landing and taking off the helicopter under the sole action of the pilot who controls the wires.

 It appears that the lift is only a function of the axial component of the relative wind. The axial component is that which is parallel to the axis of the propeller (s).

 The lift is zero when the relative wind is perpendicular to the axis.

 The take-off condition of the helicopter is therefore an inclination facing the wind of one or more propellers, the underside of the propellers being exposed to the wind.

 The landing condition is an orientation of the axis perpendicular to the wind.

 One condition for achieving this is that the propeller or propellers are tilted backwards when the helicopter is on the ground.

 As soon as the helicopter is facing the wind, pulling the strings adequately, takeoff takes place as soon as the rotation speed of the propeller (s) is sufficient to ensure lift.

 To land the helicopter, simply drift it sideways until it reaches its lift limit, it then lands with the axis perpendicular to the wind.

Claims (7)

 steering wheel.  propellers and wire and ensures the elevation and the flight of the said deer  or propellers compensates for the weight of the structure of  effect of a medium wind, characterized in that the lift  wind, retained by at least one wire, flying freely under  around an axis integral with said structure under the effect of  structure and one or more freely rotating propellers  Claims 1) Kite of the helicopter type associating a body or 2) Kite according to claim 1 including the propeller (s)  in flight are subject to a relative wind component  parallel to its or their axis, rising, whose relative wind  maintains rotation, characterized in that the blades of the  propellers have a wing profile, tilted downwards. 3) kite according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in  that the propeller (s) are connected to the structure by a  frictionless bearing, such as a ball bearing or  ring in lubricated sintered bronze. 4) Kite claim 1 whose weight is minimized,  characterized in that the structure is made in a  low density material, Balsa or plastic  expanded for example, and in that the propeller (s) are  made of a stiff and light material, beech or material  hard plastic (shock polystyrene for example). 5) Kite according to all the preceding claims  taken as a whole including the result of the lift  coincides with the axis, and whose gyroscopic couple is  minimized characterized in that it comprises two propellers  superimposed on the same axis, whose directions of rotation  are opposed. 6) Kite according to all the preceding claims  taken as a whole, of the airship type, characterized  in that it is connected by two wires to the user. 7) The kite according to claim 1 which takes off facing the  wind, characterized in that the axis is inclined backwards,  and in that the underside of the propeller is exposed to  wind.