FR2783306A1 - Ventilation system for henhouse, has transverse air circulation provided with sealable air inlet hatches and extractor fans - Google Patents

Abstract

The ventilation system ensures a transverse air circulation between a first wall (1) provided with sealable air inlet hatches (6) and a second wall (2) fitted with extractor fans (3). The second wall is also provided with auxiliary air entry hatches (4) which are opened when the main hatches are closed. In this case both inlet and extraction air passes through the second wall.

Description

The present invention relates to a ventilation system for a building

  breeding. More specifically, it is a dynamic ventilation system of the transverse type, in which the air circulation normally takes place transversely between two opposite facades of the building, one - called the first facade - being provided with hatches d 'closable air inlets, for example hinged shutters, while the other facade known as the second facade - is equipped with mechanical extraction members such as fans or turbines. A system of this kind is described for example in the document

US-A-3,352,225 (Figure 2).

  This type of livestock building, used in particular for poultry farming, has a rectangular outline of elongated shape, the aforementioned facades having a

  length appreciably greater than that of the pinions.

  As an indication, for a building with a floor area of 1,500 m2,

  the facades are 100 meters long and the gables 15 meters long.

  This type of building requires a flow of around 300,000 m3 / hour, which is provided by a battery of 9 fans for example, regularly distributed throughout

the length of the second facade.

  The air intake flaps fitted to the first facade run over the entire

  length of the latter in its upper part.

  The fans, as well as the air inlet flaps, are electrically controlled from a central control unit which allows temperature control

  and the humidity inside the building.

  The control parameters obviously depend on the type of farming and

the age of the animals.

  The control system also takes into account the

outside temperature.

  In hot weather, especially in summer, it is necessary to cool the air entering the building and / or increase the speed of the air flow which meets the animals, which is equivalent to cooling, if we want to maintain the physical state of

  animals and their growth curve at a suitable level.

  This problem is encountered in particular, in the case of a chicken coop, in the last 2 or 3 weeks of a chickens breeding lot, period during which the breeding is exothermic due to the significant plumage of the animals; the ventilation and refrigeration requirements are then all the more important as the outside air is at a high temperature, which is the case in particular in summer period,

  especially in hot regions.

  This phenomenon is usually designated by the expression "heat stroke".

  To compensate for heat stroke, it is known to equip the first facade, at the air inlet hatches, with a high or low pressure nebulization ramp, which has the function of spraying a fine mist in the air flow

entering the building.

  If water is used at low pressure, it is thus possible to cool

  air from 3 to 4 C, which is not very effective.

  If high pressure water is used, the lowering of the air temperature can reach 7 to 8 C, thanks to a much finer spray; however this

  process is relatively expensive.

  In both cases, there is the problem of a very high hydrometry rate.

  high created by humid air, which can cause animal health problems.

  In another method, the air inlet hatches are fitted with cooling panels, commonly designated in the art by the English term "pad-cooling". These are honeycomb type panels, which are humidified by a water circuit passing through the panel, recovered at the base thereof, and circulating in a closed circuit; the air entering the building passes through the panel, and is effectively cooled by it, the temperature reduction possibly exceeding 10 C. However, in addition to the relatively high price of this equipment, there is the problem of its disassembly, which is necessary during periods of non-use,

especially in winter.

  Failure to disassemble, the panel may become blocked due to freezing

  and / or fouling, and then thwart the passage of air inside the building.

  We can easily understand the disassembly of this equipment at the end of summer, and its

  reassembly before summer, are tedious and expensive operations.

  The object of the present invention is to solve this problem by proposing a ventilation system of the type described above, comprising air cooling means capable of being used in the event of heat stroke, in a particularly effective manner. , without the need to disassemble any

  equipment when not in use.

  The ventilation system according to the invention is intended for a livestock building in which the air circulation normally takes place transversely, between

- -------- - ---------

  a first facade fitted with closable air intake hatches - called main ones - and a

  second facade fitted with mechanical extraction devices.

  This system is remarkable by the fact that the second facade is also provided with closable air inlet hatches - called auxiliary which can be opened while the main hatches are closed, so that the air inlet in the building and its extraction out of it then both operate through the second facade. In a completely surprising way, we note indeed that, although the extraction and the air intake are done by the same facade, we obtain a transverse air flow which sweeps completely, in one direction then in the other, the whole space

interior of the building.

  In a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary hatches are - like the main hatches - pivoting flaps articulated at their base, while the members

  extractors are fans or turbines.

  In known manner the main hatches can be located in part

high of the first facade.

  However, it is interesting to place the auxiliary hatches at half height

  or in the lower part of the second facade.

  In fact, thanks to this arrangement, the air flow passing through the building has a trajectory composed of a forward portion (from the second facade to the first facade) lying in the upper space of the building, and a return trajectory ( from the first towards the second facade) being located in the lower part of this space, and consequently licking the

animals on the ground.

  Under these conditions, it is observed that the speed of ground speed circulation, according to this return portion, is substantially constant over the entire width of the building,

  from the first to the second facade.

  In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second facade is provided with means for refrigerating and / or humidifying the air which enters the

  building through the side hatches.

  Preferably, these means of cooling and / or humidifying the air are humidifier panels of the honeycomb type - or "padcooling" - which are positioned in such a way that they are traversed by the air flow. penetrating into

secondary hatches.

  The invention also relates to a livestock building, in particular a

  chicken coop, which is equipped with a ventilation system as described above.

  Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will become apparent from the

  description and attached drawings which represent, by way of non-limiting example, a

preferred embodiment.

  In the drawings: - Figure 1 is a cross section of a livestock building equipped with a ventilation system according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a partial view of the facade located to the right of Figure 1, this facade being seen along the plane designated II-II in this Figure 1; - Figure 3 is a detail view of this second facade, cut by the transverse plane designated III-III in Figure 2; - Figures 4 and 5 are schematic sectional views of the building, the sectional planes being designated respectively by IV - IV and III - III in Figure 2, these views being intended to illustrate the air flows in two modes of different ventilation of the building. In Figures let 2 there is shown a livestock building, for example a chicken coop, referenced 8, mounted on a floor S, and having two opposite facades

  vertical 1 and 2, as well as a roof 80.

  In such a building, of known type, the facades have a length

  significantly larger than the gables (not visible in the figures).

  Conventionally, "first facade" will denote facade 1 and by

"second facade" facade 2.

  As is well known, facades 1 and 2 have a frame

  metallic coated with an internal facing 10, respectively 20, of insulating material.

  In the same way, the roof 80 is coated internally with a material

insulator 30.

  The first facade 1 is provided, in the upper part, with closable hatches 6. These are pivoting shutters, articulated at their base, which run over the entire

  length, or almost the entire length, of the facade.

  On the outer side, opposite the flaps 6, a skirt 7 is installed intended for

  reduce drafts, and prevent rain from entering the hatches 6.

  As is also well known, the second facade 2 is equipped with a number of mechanical extractors, such as fans or turbines

  electrical controls 3, which are distributed regularly along the facade 2.

  As illustrated in the partial view of FIG. 2, it is advantageous-

  two types of fans are provided, high flow fans 3 and

lower flow 3 '.

  Thus, the ventilation control unit can play on the number and type of fans that are put into action to best adjust the overall flow used. The control center also controls the pivoting of the flaps 6,

  to adjust the air intake sections in the building.

  As can be seen in FIG. 2, the fans or turbines 3 are placed substantially halfway up the facade 2, while the fans or turbines more

  low power 3 'are placed in the upper part of this facade.

  According to the invention, this facade 2 is also provided with shutters

  pivoting 4, similar to the flaps 6 of the opposite facade 1.

  These are flaps articulated at their base, extending horizontally in the

  intervals separating the main extractors 3, below the small extractors 3 '.

  Like the shutters 6, the shutters 4 can pivot towards the inside of the building according to a more or less significant angular travel, their opening also being controlled by the central control unit equipping the ventilation system; on the

  FIG. 3 has been designated by the reference 40 the axis of articulation (horizontal) of a flap 4.

  In this figure, reference numeral 5 designates a humidifying panel.

  cation and refrigeration, of the "pad-cooling" type.

  A panel 5 is installed opposite each of the flaps 4.

  It extends roughly over the lower half of the facade 2. In known manner, it is provided, in the upper part with a water distribution duct 50, which feeds the honeycomb structure and, at its base, of a collecting gutter 51. A suitable circuit, provided with a pump, ensures the circulation of water inside the panel continuously, as well as an additional water intended to compensate for evaporation at inside the

honeycomb structure.

  In FIG. 3, the opening 21 has been designated by the reference 21

  the wall 20 when the flap 4 is in the open position.

  Between the upper edge of this opening 21 and the upper edge of the

  panel 5 is arranged a plate 9, for example of aluminum.

  Its function is to channel the air which enters through the opening 21 into the interior space E of the building, when the shutter 4 is open, to force the air flow

  entering - referenced F in the figure - to pass through panel 5 beforehand.

  This air flow is therefore necessarily humidified and refrigerated when it enters

in the building.

  With reference to Figures 4 and 5, we will now explain how

  operates the ventilation system which has just been described.

  The diagram in Figure 4 illustrates the normal operation of the system,

outside heat stroke period.

  The auxiliary hatches 4 located on the front 2 (and not visible in the figure

4) are closed.

  The ventilation of the building is then done in a conventional way, by opening

  hatches 6 and fans 3 running.

  Fresh air enters the building through the open hatches 6, through the first facade 1, under the effect of the depression generated by the starting of the fans or turbines 3, which ensure extraction of the stale air towards the outside,

through the second facade 2.

  The path of the air flow sweeping the interior space E is symbolized by

  the arrow lines in Figure 4.

  As already said, the flow rate of this ventilation is controlled by different parameters such as the species of animals and their age, their density on the ground, and the conditions of hydrometry and temperature, by a central control which controls the different

  fans 3 and 3 'and the degree of opening of the shutters 6.

  In the event of heat stroke, we close the doors 6 and open the doors

  4, as illustrated in FIG. 5.

  Fresh air is therefore admitted inside space E via facade 2, at

  through the openings 21; this air is cold and humid because it has passed through the panels 5.

  The shutters being articulated at their base, and open towards the interior of the building, they play the role of deflectors, channeling the air flow which enters the building upwards. The air flow which circulates in space E therefore describes a closed loop, the forward strand of which is located in the upper part of this space, and the return strand in the lower part, at ground level S. This trajectory is illustrated by the arrow lines in the figure

5.

  The air therefore leaves the building through the same facade through which it returned,

  through fans or turbines 3, 3 '.

  This singular trajectory provides particularly efficient ventilation and refrigeration at ground level S on which the animals roam.

  breeding, for example chickens.

  Thanks to panels 5 of the "pad-cooling" type, it is possible to lower the temperature inside the building, in the vicinity of the ground, by about ten degrees C. In principle, this configuration of ventilation n 'is used only in well-defined periods of limited duration; the rest of the time the hatches 4 are closed,

  the ventilation configuration being that of FIG. 4.

  This is why, it is not necessary to dismantle the panels 5; it is enough to protect them during periods of non-use, for example by covering them with a tarpaulin in order to avoid fouling. Their presence does not contradict the

  normal operation of the ventilation system.

  The auxiliary hatches 4 can also contribute to emergency ventilation in the event of a malfunction of normal ventilation, in particular if the

  mechanical extractors 3, 3 'have broken down.

  This can be useful especially when the building is equipped with an emergency ventilation system installed in the roof, and whose opening is controlled

  automatically if he has a ventilation problem.

  Thus, the main doors 6 and the auxiliary doors 4 being all open, a relatively large air flow can be admitted by the two facades 1, 2 into the building, and evacuated by the emergency ventilation system located on the ridge of the building. Such a system is described for example in French patent N 96,02520

  (FR-B-2 745 369) owned by the plaintiff.

Claims (7)

  1. Ventilation system for livestock building (8) in which the air circulation is normally transverse, between a first facade (1) provided with closable air inlet hatches (6) - called main - and a second facade (2) equipped with mechanical extraction members (3), characterized in that the second facade (2) is also provided with closable air inlet hatches (4) - called auxiliary - susceptible to be open while the main hatches (6) are closed, so that the entry of air into the building (8) and its extraction from it then takes place   both through the second facade (2).   2. ventilation system for livestock building according to claim 1, characterized in that said main hatches (6) are located in the upper part of the first facade (1), while the auxiliary hatches (4) are located at mid-height or   in the lower part of the second facade (2).   3. ventilation system for livestock building according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said main doors (6) and / or auxiliaries (4) are   pivoting shutters, articulated at their base.   4. Ventilation system for livestock building according to one of   Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the said extracting members (3) are fans or turbines.   5. Ventilation system for livestock building according to one of   Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the second facade (2) is provided with   means of refrigeration and / or humidification of the air entering the building through the secondary hatches (4).   6. ventilation system for livestock building, according to claim, characterized in that said means of refrigeration and / or humidification of the air are humidifier panels (5) of the honeycomb type crossed by the air flow (F)   penetrating into the secondary hatches (4).   7. Livestock building, in particular a chicken coop, equipped with a   ventilation according to one of the preceding claims.