FR2775762A1 - Improved operation of heat pump type ventilation installations - Google Patents

Abstract

The heat pump type ventilator (1) has an additional collector (10) for exterior air which is subdivided into channels (C2,C2',C5) individually controlled by motorised valves. There is also a channel (RA) for recycling ambient air divided into individually controlled sleeves (C1,C1'). The air flowing in these additional channels is regulated according to required standards and climatic variations

Description

- DEVICES FOR IMPROVING AND OPTIMIZING
THE OPERATION OF THE PLANTS
DOUBLE THERMODYNAMIC FLOWS FOR
REVERSIBLE CLIMATE AERATION
The present invention relates to devices which, integrated and associated in a central dual flow thermodynamic (aeration, heating, cooling in individual house in particular) to improve and optimize operation and performance.

 Depending on the stages of the extraction and insufflation fan regimes responsible for activating the regulatory air change, additional external air and ambient air recirculation channels will allow the adjustment of the airflow rates. the air of accommodation according to the size of the house and the alternations of the walking pace, as well as the balance of extraction and insufflation flows (outgoing air / entering air) while providing, according to the external climatic conditions, a total interactivity with the operation of the refrigeration compressor.

 The thermodynamic double flow (or external air heat pump - extracted air) have the advantage of allowing the most efficient recovery of the heat contained in the extract air flow in the winter concerning the permanent and regulate ventilation of the dwellings: In fact, a refrigeration compressor is capable, at equal flow rate, of restoring 2 to 3 times more heat to the air supply network than the intrinsic heat (or enthalpy) contained in the extracted air flow (CARNOT principles). .

 In addition the summer thanks to a reversal valve cycle, the process is reversed and the system allows to introduce the blowing of air cooled, it is the air conditioning function.

 Unfortunately the conventional compressors, for physical reasons, do not adapt well to the different variations and modifications of the air exchange rates which are due to the caliber of the house and the regular alternations between the accelerated flow rates (FORT) and the reduced flow rates. (SOFT) Some compressors allow more flexibility thanks to the "inverter" system (with variable power and modulable operation) making it possible to satisfy the demands of power of an environment to be tempered or conditioned while maintaining a great efficiency of the refrigerating cycle; we will then be able to conceive with them an exceptional interactivity with the device of the additional channels of outside air and recirculation of ambient air.

 The object of the present invention is to adapt the characteristics of a conventional or variable-power compressor with an aeraulic medium more particularly intended for the recovery of extract air-air heat, according to the standardized and variable flow rates according to the houses and FORT / SOFT cycles of air renewal. This invention will be well understood from the description below, the general schematic diagram (fiv.1), the overall plan (fig.2) and boards (A and B) appended. The apparatus according to the devices of the invention comprises a parallelepipedic enclosure (I) integrating in the upper part the blower (2) in the space (El), the refrigeration compressor (3) and the exhaust fan (4). ) in space (E2). The spaces E1 and E2 are made independent thanks to the partitioning made by the wall (5) which, at its lower part, adjusts with the rectangular compartment (8) laterally establishing the junction between the evaporator battery (6) and the condenser battery ( 7), batteries arranged horizontally on either side of this compartment. This compartment (8) held at its base by the vertical wall (9) joining the lower part of the enclosure (1) provides a central space for receiving the management software block (11) and the various electrical accessories and supports at its upper part the slide (G1) on which is fixed the refrigerating compressor (3). The maintenance and the sliding of the batteries is concretized by 4 profiles: P1 / P2 fixed to the side walls of the enclosure (1) and P3 / P4 fixed at the bottom horizontal end of the compartment (8), which will allow with the slide ( G1) a quick release of the cooling unit (3, 6, 7) accessible from the removable front (12).

On the front and adjacent to the lower part of the space (E3), between the vertical wall (9) and the battery (6), a horizontal collector (10) communicates the external air channel (C3) with the space (E4) adjacent to the space (E3), space (E4) into which also the channels C4 / C4 'materialized by 2 sleeves fixed against the side wall of the enclosure (1). In contrast, near the outside air channel (C3) is located the air recirculation air channel (RA). Thus all the flow activated by the exhaust fan (4) will come from the channels C4 / C4 'and the collector (10); on the other side and according to the same principle, all the air flow activated by the blower (2) will be from the recirculating air channel (RA) and the outside air channel (C3). At the outlet of the canals
RA / C3 / C4 / C4 ', fits 2 filters Fl and F2.

From this exclusive architecture is incorporated in the channel (RA) 2 sleeves (CR and Cl ') each comprising the motorized shutter associated with 1 flow calibration regulator and the same way in the manifold (10) incorporates 3 cuffs (C2 / C2 'and C5) each also comprising I motorized shutter and 1 flow calibration controller, so that the management software block (i 1) responsible for establishing the scheduling of the functions of the device according to the intrinsic and extrinsic data to the house will be able, from a preset staging of the flow of the fan (4) interfere with the air flow supply of the space (E4) communicating with the condenser (7 ) of the cooling unit (3) through the additional channels
C2, C2 ', C5 in order to regulate and stabilize the air change rates according to the standard cycles and the climatic periods. As a result of the single or combined opening of the flaps (C2, C2 ', C5) and with the aid of the calibration regulators, the additional external air collector (10) will supply the fan (4) according to the staging. pre-establishes flow rates and according to climate cycles considered, the possibility of partially short-circuiting the channels C4 / C4 'intake air intake to prevent over-renewal of air while ensuring, according to the climatic period considered , the reinforcement of the air flow at the condenser (7) to optimize the thermal efficiency of the compressor (3). In the same way, the channel (RA) equipped with the cuffs C1 and C1 'can be used to adjust in winter the proportion of the inflow with respect to that outgoing or to improve the operation of the cooling unit (3) in climate version of It has been recycled, when the outside temperature deviates much higher than the ambient temperature. The different corresponding clusters C1 / Cl 'and C2 / C2' / C5 each comprising a motorized valve and a calibration controller different flow value thus make it possible to achieve a range of additional flow rates so that the exhaust air channels OUTGOING (C4, C4 ') and external air INPUT (C3) deliver the best airflow rates possible compared to those claimed by the regulations in force and induce a balance SORTANTIENTRANT balanced and slightly more favorable to the flow ENTRANT in order to bring a slight overpressure into the house. This device is of course complementary to the flow staging, by conventional means, to the fans (2) and (4), the assembly being managed, according to a defined program, by the management software block (11). The regulators incorporated in the cuffs allow to obtain the following additional flows:
C1: 90 M3 / H, C1 ': 60 M3 / H, C2: 75 M3 / H, C2': 45 M3 / H, C5: 60
M3 / H
These values, which are indicative, can be adjusted to further optimize the plant, particularly after formal laboratory tests or if the regulatory bases change over time.

 It is clearly specified that the scope of the invention will not be modified by modifying more or less the number of additional external air collectors or ambient air recycling channels, as well as the number of headlines and the values of their respective flow calibration.

 Plate B illustrates all the advantages of this device precisely because it is detailed according to the different climatic cycles concerned and managed by the electronic software (11).

For example, for the temperate winter cycle and for houses in category G, the extraction flow (OUTGOING) limited to 270 M3 / H will have an additional contribution of outside air flow by means of the collector (10) and by the play of the opening of the cuffs C5 and C2 '(respectively calibrated at 60 and 45 M3 / H = 105 M3IH) an overall flow rate of: 270 M3 / H + 105 M3 / H = 375 M3 / H ~ tier IV (400
M3 / H) is a free flow complementary to the regulatory base flow of 45 O / o, which will optimize the operation of the compressor (3) during climatic periods where the outside temperature is lenient without wasting heat inconsiderately room. In contrast, the fresh air flow
ENTRANT will be limited thanks to the opening of the channel Ci = 90 M3 / H;
Thus with staging IV (400M3 / H) the flow delivered in fresh air through the channel (C3) will be fixed at; 400 M3 / H - 90 M3 / H = 310 M3 / H and the ratio: INCOMING FLOW will be 310 = 15 OUTPUT FLOW 270
If we add to these elements, the removable configuration and accessible from the access facade (12) and therefore interchangeable refrigeration assembly (compressor (3) + evaporator (6) + condenser (7) connected by their pipes gas) thanks to the possibility of sliding of this assembly with the profiles PI / P2 / P3 / P4 and the slide G1 one is in the presence of a very evolved product compared to the existing technologies in this field.

With regard to the automation, the management logic block (11) provides the various functions according to the seasons as follows:
HAS BEEN
a) VMC DOUBLE FLUX function summer cycle (compressor and additional flows, out of program).
b) Cycle rotation fresh air - when the summer is tempered the refreshment of the house will be realized by the maximum renewal in fresh air in the dwelling is fans in positions
IV + C2, C2 ', C5 open + Cl, Cl' closed, compressor (3) out of schedule, concerns house G (house M dito but fans position III).
c) Full cycle summer idem previous cycle but Cl, CI 'open and compressor t3) works. Fans (2 and 4) in position W houses G and M.

B) WINTER

<tb><SEP> These <SEP><SEP> cycles include <SEP> the
<tb> a) <SEP> Cycle <SEP><SEP> Season <SEP> operation <SEP> of the <SEP> compressor <SEP> (3) <SEP>
<tb> b) <SEP> Cycle <SEP> Winter <SEP> Temperate <SEP> g <SEP><SEP> and <SEP> The <SEP> Separation <SEP> Proportional <SEP> and
<tb> c) <SEP><SEP> severe winter <SEP> rigorous <SEP> additional <SEP> of <SEP> flows <SEP> according to <SEP>
<tb><SEP><SEP> descriptions of <SEP><SEP><SEP> B
<Tb>
The various parameters for the operation and the cascade of cycles and functions are recorded by the management software block (11) by means of the following specialized sensors: * Sensor S 1 outside temperature * Sensor S2: extracted air temperature * Sensor S2 ': ambient temperature * S3 sensor: discharge temperature * S4 sensor: supply air temperature * TE sensor: evaporating temperature * HY sensor. relative humidity * TC condensation temperature sensor
The usual problem with respect to the enslavement of such a central concerns the priority aspect of its operation compared to complementary transmitters (ex convectors). This one does not pose any difficulty in Winter temperate and nasty cycles because the electronic regulations of the complementary emitters are ultra precise but it is not otherwise in mid-high season (with the influence of sunshine in particular), climatic period during which it is essential to avoid the superposition of the heating modes and the exceeding of the set point of the ambient temperature in particular by the impromptu operation of the thermodynamic power station. In this regard, the most commonly used system is the dual-stage room thermostat, but it is very approximate because the recording is located empirically in the dwelling.

Also a device of the invention relates to an output servocontrol of high half-season (output or vice versa: input) and it implements simple and very precise means of which here is the description: since the sensor S2 identifies precisely the temperature of the technical rooms (kitchens (sanitary)) and that the sensor S2 'accurately records the temperature of the main rooms, the average climate of the house is relatively well defined in these conditions and when the outdoor temperature recorded by the sensor S1 reaches a fixed level for example 150C, the probe S2 'will be interrogated thanks to the timed opening and programmed in frequency of the clams Cl or Cl', according to each frequency during a time range of a few seconds, so that the conjunction of the following data S1 = 15 C + S2 = 20 "C + S2 '= 20 C systematically stops the compressor (3) and switches on the compressor
CYCLE SUMMER RELATE (and vice versa if regression is less than this data). These data which are indicative can be arranged to refine the breaking point especially after tests "in situ" and it will not depart from the scope of the invention by changing their value by a few degrees.
BOARD A
SELECTION OF FLOWS DEBITS TO FANS 1) ON CLASS HOUSES IN 2 CATEGORIES

<tb> a) <SEP> HOUSES <SEP> VERY <SEP> LARGE <SEP>&<SEP> G, <SEP> greater <SEP> than <SEP> 125 <SEP> M2
<tb> b) <SEP> HOUSES <SEP> CLASSIC <SEP> AVERAGE <SEP> rM, <SEP> lower <SEP> to <SEP> 125 <SEP> M2
<tb> 2) DEFINITION DEBITS OF HOUSES G IN EXTRACTION MODE - HEALTH FACILITIES in accelerated mode (FORT): 30 + 30 + 30 + 15 + 30 = 135 M3 / H - KITCHEN in accelerated mode (FORT): 135 = 135 M3 / H
270 M3 / H - TOTAL in reduced regime (SOFT): 270: 2 # 150 M3 / H 3) DEFINITION DEBITS OF HOUSES M IN EXTRACTION - HEALTH MODE in fast-track (FORT): 30 + 30 + 15 = 75 M3 / H - KITCHENS under accelerated regime (FORT): 135 = 135 M3 / H
210 M3 / H
TOTAL in reduced mode (SOFT): 210: 2 "110 M3 / H 4) DEFINITION OF ADDITIONAL FLOWS - ADDITIONAL FLOWS TO CHANNEL C4 / C4 '(kitchen extraction / sanitary extraction) C2 = 75 M3 / H C2' = 45 M3 / H C5 = 60 M3 / H (channel 10 collector).

- ADDITIONAL FLOWS TO CHANNEL C3 (blowing main parts): C1 = 90 M3 / H. C1 '= 60 M3 / H (recycling collector RA).

5) DEFTNITTON OF BLOWING FLOWS (INPUTS) IN RELATION TO
EXTRACTION RATES (OUTGOING).

Incoming flow: Outgoing flow 1, 2 to 1, 4 in SOFT and FORT regimes 6) NOMINAL FLOWS FUNCTION EXPANSION (in M3 / H)

<SEP> s <SEP>
<tb> I ----><SEP> 150 <SEP> l <SEP> It <SEP> - <SEP> --- + 300 <SEP> III <SEP> --300 <SEP> i <SEP> IV <SEP> --- + <SEP> 400
<Tb>
NOTE: the INTRANT I OUTGOING scale for the air exchange and battery supply flow rates (7) will be established thanks to this staggering and the additional air flows according to the motorized valves and calibration regulators incorporated in the cuffs. 10 and RA channel collectors as follows
C2 = 75 M3 / H, C2 '= 45 M3 / H, C5 = 60 M3 / H (ADDITIONAL CHANNEL 10)
C1 = 90 M3IH, C1 '= 60 M3 / H (RA RECYCLING CHANNEL).

ATTENTION: the hob is imperatively equipped with a mechanical hood with external rejection combined with an external air induction valve with automatic opening during the operation of the hood, in order to avoid the pollution of the power station by the point suction and very limited in time of air loaded with grease, gas or corrosive nuisance.

BOARD B
BALANCE DEBITS AND ADDITIONAL RATES IN SEASONS 1) HALF SEASON (about 17 C to 8 C) in M3 / H
G STRONG, OUTGOING: 270+ AD (C2 + C5 = 135) = 400 / IV BALANCE
G STRONG RATE, INCOMING: 400 - DA (CI = 90) = 310 / IV 310/270
G SOFT regime, OUTGOING: 150 + DA (C2 '+ C5 = 105) = 300 / III BALANCE
G SOFT regime, INCOMING: 300 - DA (C1 '= 90) = 210 / III 210/150
M STRONG, OUTGOING 210 + DA (C2 '+ C5 = 105) = 300 / III BALANCE
M STRONG, INCOMING: 300 - DA (C1 '= 60) = 240 / III 240/210
M SOFT regime, OUTGOING: 110 + DA (C2 = 75) = 200 / II BALANCE
M SOFT regime, INCOMING: 200 - DA (C1 '= 60) = 140 / II 140/110 2) WINTER TEMPERATE (about 7 C to 0 C) in M3 / H
G STRONG, OUTPUT 270 + DA (C2 '+ C5 = 105) = 400 / IV BALANCE
G STRONG RATE, ENTERING 400 - DA (C1 = 90) = 310 / 1V 310/270
G SOFT regime, OUTGOING: 150 + DA (C1 '= 60) = 200 / II BALANCE
G SOFT regime, INCOMING: 200 - DA (0) = 200 / II 200/150
M STRONG, OUTGOING 210 + DA (C2 = 75) = 300 / III BALANCE
M STRONG, INCOMING: 300 - DA (C1 '= 60) = 240 / III 240/210
M SOFT regime, OUTGOING: 110 + DA (C2 '= 45) = 150 / I BALANCE
M SOFT regime, INCOMING: 150 + 0 = 150 / I 150/110 3) RIGOROUS WINTER (less than -10C) in M3 / H
G STRONG, OUTGOING: 270 + 0 = 300 / III BALANCE
G STRONG RATE, INCOMING: 300 - 0 = 300 / III 300/300
G SOFT regime, OUTGOING: 200 + 0 + resistance = 150 / II BALANCE
G SOFT regime, INCOMING: 200 - 0 = 200 / II 200/150
M STRONG, OUTGOING: 210 + 0 + resistance = 200 / III BALANCE
M STRONG, INCOMING: 300 - DA (C1 '= 60) = 240 / III 240/210
M SOFT regime, OUTLOOK: l10 + 0+ resistance = 110 / I BALANCE
IM SOFT regimen, INCOMING: 150 + 0 = 150/1 150/110
NOTE Since the extraction and blowing outlets are each equipped with a flow calibration regulator, some slight differences between nominal flow and practical flow will naturally be compensated. This also allows to align the fans on even staging.

4) RELATIVE SUMMER G AND M: Base VMC, compressor stopped and additional valves closed.

SUMMER TEMPERATURE G AND M: Rotation of fresh air (D but G ---> IV / M -----> II)
FULL SUMMER G AND M: Compressor + IV + C2, C2 ', C5, C1, C1' open).

Claims (4)

- Claims  1 - Device for improving the operation and optimizing the performance of thermodynamic dual flow mechanical aeration plants incorporating a refrigeration compressor characterized in that it comprises an additional external air collector (10) in which are incorporated several cuffs (C2, C2 ', C5) each comprising a motorized shutter and an air flow calibration regulator opening into the air extraction space (E4) upstream of the condenser (or evaporator) (7) and an ambient air recycling channel (RA) equipped with several cuffs (C1, Ci ') each comprising a motorized shutter and an air flow calibration regulator opening into the fresh air intake space (E3 ) upstream of the evaporator (or condenser) (6).  2 - Device according to claim 1 characterized by the automatic control according to the normalized and regulatory regimes of mechanical ventilation and climatic alternations determined, by means of a management software block (11), the following interactive functions: - Laying of the flow rate of outdoor air blowers (2) and exhaust air exhausts (4), - Opening correlated with climate change and standard and regulated air change rates of motorized head valves (C2, C2) ', C5) incorporated in the additional external air collector (10) and motorized flaps of the cuffs (C1, C1') incorporated in the ambient air recirculation (AR) channel, - Concomitant modulation of the operating cycles of the refrigerating compressor (3).  3 - Device according to claims 1 and 2 characterized by stopping the refrigerant compressor (3) during the transient climate period Winter / Summer / Winter according to the conjunction of the sensor data S1, S2, S2 'so that, from a fixed level of the outside temperature and the regulation temperature of the ambient temperature, avoiding any unnecessary energy consumption.  4 - Device according to claim 1 characterized by the integral accessibility and the removable character by the removable facade (12) of the refrigerating unit (3, 6, 7) according to the sliding means generated by the profiles P1 / P2 / P3 / P4 and the slide G1.