FR2763613A1 - NEW MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM AND THE BUILDINGS THUS REALIZED - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns the building industry and in particular a system for building dismountable, static or transformable modules; said system consists in structures consisting of a bearing metal frame supported on the ground, optionally anchored, formed by vertical columns (2) arranged at the structure four corners, and comprising lower (4) and upper (5) crossbeams mutually linking the columns (2), delimiting the quadrilateral surface and forming a support for the floor panels (6) and the roof panels (27). Said modular structures are particularly useful for building kitchen assemblies or elements for the food-processing and/or hospital sector.

Description

NEW CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
MODULAR AND THE BUILDINGS THUS REALIZED
The invention relates to the field of construction and more particularly to the field of construction of prefabricated buildings.

More specifically, it relates to the realization of a modular construction system studied for the prefabrication of technical buildings, in particular the prefabrication of buildings for agrifood use.

The invention particularly relates to advanced technology constructions for all types of markets: agrifood market, medical market, hospital market, by seeking the optimum in terms of safety (fire, hygiene, protection, overloads, sealing), in terms of comfort (acoustic, thermal, lighting, communication) and in the management of fluid networks (electricity, plumbing, ventilation, cold).

The standard assembly according to the invention is therefore defined by a type of partitioning, a method of fixing to the ground and a particular type of structure.

The invention therefore relates to a modular, dismountable method of construction consisting of a load-bearing metal frame resting on the ground, characterized in that it comprises at the four angles of the module vertical columns to which are fixed low and high crosspieces connecting the columns between them, and delimiting a quadrilateral and forming a support for floor panels and roofing panels.

The invention also relates to an embodiment of a modular, economical and flexible construction system consisting of a load-bearing metal frame resting on the ground, characterized in that the partitioning is ensured on the horizontal plane by panels of composite material. having in their center a core of insulating material, and in the vertical planes also by panels of insulating composite material.

The invention is also defined by the fact that the fixing to the ground is ensured by metal support posts with quadrangular section resting on concrete studs.

The invention is further defined by the fact that the high structure is constituted by cellular metal beams and that the low structure is constituted by metal beams.

According to the invention, the posts are not assembled by welding.

The assembly is carried out according to a mechanical mode which allows assembly and disassembly of the buildings by hand without the need to have recourse to a means or a lifting machine.

The framework of the building is made up of tubular profiled posts of quadrangular section, preferably square. The floor support crosspieces, the internal frame in IPE profile and the crosspieces supporting the roof are light metal profiles of the honeycomb type.

The construction elements are simply assembled by bolting or screwing.

The embodiment according to the present invention allows a significant saving in the management of costs and deadlines, thanks to the prefabricated construction method and a great flexibility of the modular construction by allowing the management in the evolutions related to the use and the 'adaptability.

The principle governing the production of the modular construction system according to the invention consists in the fact that modular buildings can thus be created whose panels and partitions are not load-bearing.

Floor panels and roof panels are insulated, composite and self-supporting elements.

The facade claddings are also composed of panels of composite, insulated materials placed outside the metal framework and fixed to the outside of the building. They thus delimit an outer envelope fixed to the framework and descending to ground level so as not to leave a gaping space or to prevent the formation of a vacant space.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the floor panels formed of a composite material are formed at the base of a galvanized steel sheet of trapezoidal profile, which is the bearing element and which is the lower face, the upper face being formed from a panel of high density particles, these two elements being interconnected by a core of polyurethane foam or other injected inert insulating material.

The floor coverings are made of flexible material (PVC), the heat-sealed sheets making a seal with the footing of the walls being formed from a grooved plinth. The false ceiling is made up of metal tubs in galvanized steel, coated with food.

The exterior panels are covered either with a galvanized steel sheet lacquered or with a high density plate coated with a plaster, a paint, a plaster, dressed with briquettes or imitations of building materials.

The roof is waterproofed using a prefabricated rubber liner that is vulcanized in the factory to the precise shape of the roof. It is deposited to the dimensions of the building. The liner can be secured to the roof panels by ballasting or gluing.

The downspouts and the air intakes provided in the vulcanization liner are placed in the desired locations of the building outside the building. It is also possible to provide technical ducts for the passage of downspouts.

The supply networks for fluids (water, electricity, gas, compressed air) and energy will go into false ceilings. Evacuations in the lower part are done through the crawlspace.

The quadrilateral formed by the bottom rails is raised from the natural ground by about sixty centimeters to constitute a crawl space allowing the passage of evacuation conduits. The interior floor drains and gutters are included in the composite floor panel located at the bottom.

This lower space is achieved by the extension of the posts. The facade cladding panels descend to ground level to avoid leaving a gaping space. The lower panels are made of food-grade lacquered galvanized steel sheet.

The lateral assembly of the panels is carried out between them by a system of eccentric pivoting hooks in synthetic resin of the polyamide type, anchored in the polyurethane foam.

The floor panel is placed on the metal frame and rests on the longitudinal beams. Optionally, transverse fixing elements can be provided on the vertical uprights. Five panels define the building module (standard element 6 x 3 m).

The roof panels are of the same composition as the floor panels. The dimensions can be adjusted according to the overloads to be supported.

The facade panels are composite, isothermal, non-load-bearing panels, with a determined fire resistance (15 min. To 60 min.) Depending on the use of the building, the joint ownership and the applicable safety rules.

The facade panels consist of two exterior and interior coverings of the building and a high density injected PUR foam. They are interconnected like the other panels.

The interior partitioning is made of insulated composite panels with two exterior coverings and internal PUR foam. They are fixed to the floor by low grooved PVC profiles. The bottom of the panel is male and the female type profile is fixed to the floor by screwing or by other mechanical means. In the upper part there is a hooked profile on the panel held in place using a jack.

The partition panels are hooked at the high profile and at the low profile. The high profile is held in place by a system of jacks which allows the height to be adjusted.

The partitions are held in place by corner profiles. They are joined together by eccentric locks integrated into the male or female sides of the panels. They can be full or have glazed spaces. They can also have in certain places translucent locations comprising a plastic plate allowing the light to pass through.

The embodiment of the modular elements can also allow the construction of multi-storey buildings, in particular two-storey buildings in which the support posts have the required height and where the upper floor has a floor panel at the bottom and a panel roof resting on the longitudinal beams of the upper floor. Depending on the needs, the low level and the high level will communicate by an outdoor walkway or by a ladder located inside the building.

The modular elements constructed according to the embodiment of the invention will in particular be used for collective kitchens, in food laboratories.

The building can work in air conditioning, compressed air, sterilized air.

In hospitals, buildings are adapted to any type of climate by simply varying the thickness of the exterior or interior panels (8mm to 14mm). One can thus create appropriate field hospitals in the event of natural disasters or massive accidents.

According to a preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1 there is shown a general assembly plan of a building according to the invention in the form of a quadrilateral, resting on the ground by feet (2), provided with a flat sole (3). The longitudinal (4) (4 '), transverse (5) (5'), high and low crossbars delimit the surface of the module (1) and help to ensure the rigidity of the assembly without the need for it fix side panels, floors and roof elements.

There is shown in Figure 2 the same building as in Figure 1 but already provided with floor elements (6) resting on the lower crosspieces, and facade elements (7) formed by panels subject to the beams (8 '), vertical uprights (2) and covering the support posts up to ground level.

Figure 3 shows the same building (1) as in Figure I and Figure 2 and further comprises ceiling tiles (8) (8 ') (8 "') having a recess (9) to show the of the roof.

Figure 4 provides an overview of the module (1) fully assembled, provided with two roof skylights (10) (10 ') to enter the light as well as side panels (11) (11') glazed, a entrance door (12) and an access staircase (13).

According to a preferred embodiment shown in Figure 5, there is shown in section the profile (14) resting on the ground to which is attached a floor panel (6) secured with a floor support profile of type IPE 200 (15). The lower space going to the ground constitutes the crawl space. There is shown in this sectional view the fixing insert (16) allowing the connection of the floor to the front panel, the floor panel (6) being self-supporting. We figured (17) the level of the floor (6). The support column (2) is formed by a quadrangular steel profile of 90 X 90 X 5. The base of the support column (2) is shown in (18) (18 ') and rests on a distribution base. horizontal plane (19). This sole rests on a concrete foundation plate (20) embedded in the natural soil and between the two there is one or more thicknesses of wedging for leveling. There is shown in (21) the fixing of the bottom rails by means of a support (22) constituted by an angle of 80 X 80 X 5. The module also comprises a composite insulated panel (7) forming an external wall. The details of the construction of the floor support profile (6) appear on the plan at (15).

FIG. 6 shows a section in elevation along A A of the building (1) comprising a lower floor and an upper floor. The supporting pillar (2) is shown interrupted. Was arranged in (23), a frame (24) with a profile for adaptation to the front panel (7) (not shown).

In (25) appears the false ceiling of the lower floor. In (26) there is shown the roof support beam and in (27) the self-supporting roof panel. In (28) there is shown the fixing insert ensuring the connection of the roof panel (27) to the facade panel (7).

Figure 7 shows in plan a module according to the invention comprising the supporting pillars (2) and (2 '), the front panels (7) (7') and (7 ") and the floor panel (6) .

Figure 8 shows the construction details of the column heads and roof beams including a notch (29) at the top, allowing the passage of the beam soul. The profile (30) supporting the floors (6) has also been shown seen from the front and in profile, the assembly of the floor (6) on the profile being able to be done in two different directions.

The base of the beam (18) rests on a distribution plate (19) placed on the flat ground.

Figure 9 shows the detail of the column feet (2) seen in section from above. The assembly profile is fixed to the base. It is possible to arrange it in any of the four directions.

Claims (17)

1. Construction embodiment characterized in that the constructions  consist of a load-bearing metal frame resting on the ground and  possibly recessed, formed by vertical columns (2) arranged at  four corners of the construction, and include low crosspieces (4) and  tall (5) connecting the columns together, said vertical columns  delimiting the surface of the quadrilateral and forming support for panels of  floor (6) and roof panels (27). 2. An embodiment of constructions according to claim 1, consisting  a load-bearing metal frame resting on the ground, characterized by the fact  that the partitioning is ensured on the horizontal plane by panels (8) in  composite material having in its center a core of insulating material, and  in the vertical planes also by panels (7) made of material  insulating composite. 3. An embodiment of constructions according to claim 1 and the  claim 2, characterized in that the fixing to the ground is ensured by  metal support posts with quadrangular section resting on  concrete studs (20). 4. embodiment of constructions according to one of claims 1 to 3,  characterized in that the tall structure consists of beams  alveolar metal (5) and that the low structure is constituted by  metal beams (4). 5. Construction embodiment according to one of claims 1 to 4, in  which the assembly is carried out according to a mechanical mode which allows a  assembly and disassembly of buildings by hand, without the need to have  use of a lifting device or device. 6. Construction embodiment according to one of claims 1 to 5, in  which the framework of the building consists of tubular profiled posts (2)  of quadrangular section, preferably square, and in which the crosspieces  of floor support, the interior frame and the cross members supporting the roof  are light metal profiles of the honeycomb type. 7. Construction embodiment according to one of claims 1 to 6 in  which the facade claddings are composed of panels (7) made of material  composite, isotherms arranged outside the metal framework and fixed to  the exterior of the building, thus delimiting an outer envelope fixed to  the framework and descending to ground level so as not to leave  gaping space or to prevent the formation of an empty space. 8. Embodiment of constructions according to one of claims 1 to 7, in  which the floor panels (6) are formed of a composite material and  are made at the base of a galvanized steel sheet of trapezoidal profile, which  is the bearing element and which is the underside and whose surface  upper is made of a high density particle board, these two  elements being interconnected by a core of polyurethane foam or  other inert insulating material injected. 9. Construction embodiment according to one of claims 1 to 8, in  which roof waterproofing is achieved by a prefabricated rubber liner  and vulcanized in the factory to the precise shape of the roof and deposited to the dimensions  of the building. 10. Embodiment of constructions according to one of claims 1 to 9, in  which the lateral assembly of the panels is carried out between them by a system  eccentric swivel hooks in synthetic resin of the polyamide type,  anchored in polyurethane foam. 11. An embodiment of constructions according to claim 9, in which the  downspouts and air intakes fitted in the liner by  vulcanization are arranged in the desired places of the building, outside of  and are provided with technical ducts for the passage of descents  of water. 12. Embodiment of constructions according to one of claims 1 to 11,  in which the fluid and energy supply networks are arranged  in false ceilings. 13. Embodiment of constructions according to one of claims 1 to 12,  in which the partition panels are hooked at the high profile and at the profile  low, the high profile being held in place by a system of jacks which allows  adjust the height and the partitions are held in place by profiles  angle. 14. An embodiment of the constructions according to claim 13, in which  the partition panels are full or have glazed spaces or  have in certain places translucent locations comprising a  plastic plate. 15. Embodiment of constructions according to one of claims 1 to 14,  for the construction of multi-storey buildings, in particular two  storeys, in which the support posts have the required height  and where the upper floor has a floor panel at the bottom and  a roofing panel resting on the longitudinal beams of the floor  higher and in which the low level and the high level communicate by a  outdoor walkway or by a ladder located inside the building. 16. Modular elements constructed according to the embodiment of constructions  of claims 1 to 15. 17. Use of the modular elements of claims 16, in construction  collective kitchens, food laboratories or establishments  hospital air conditioning, compressed air or sterilized air.