FR2739402A1 - Road safety barrier of wall of used tyres - Google Patents

Abstract

A road safety device to absorb shock between road vehicles and implanted fixed road side objects uses stacks of used tyres made into a belt or ring of tyres stacked flat or on end in which the tyres are joined in two ways. The tyres in each stack are joined two-by-two and then the whole stack is joined together, both using tough plastic sheaths (10, 12). Preferably, the straps joining the stacks are used in three's at 120 degrees separation. To protect single items, e.g. trees of small diameter the tyres are cut, once or twice and placed around it. For larger obstacles a ring or belt of stacks are formed around it normally 1.4m minimum height. Walls of tyre stacks are formed between successive obstacles held by plastic coated steel ropes or ''nylon'' (RTM) cords.

Description

JKmIERE SECURITY SYSTEM by REMEDY of USED PNEDHATICS and
IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURE 1) Indication of the technical field of the invention - It is a question of generalizing and fully ensuring road safety by first neutralizing fixed obstacles at the edge of roads
- as well for people and vehicles traveling on a highway, as on a road, or even in town in certain places, because fixed obstacles installed (trees, cement or wooden posts, bridge pile, pylon, wall being perpendicular to a road or a street, etc ...), can constitute, for the occupant (s) of any vehicle in distress which leaves the taxiway for various reasons, death, lifelong handicap, injuries severe or mild. And, for the vehicle, in many cases, the reduction to wreckage. While if the neutralization of these fixed fixed obstacles were effectively ensured, the wearing of the seat belt, even the airbag already absorbing the shocks, lives could be saved, lifelong handicaps spared, serious injuries avoided, losses excluding vehicle totals.

- but also to neutralize these fixed obstacles to protect riverside houses and their occupants, in certain cases,
- as well as to guarantee other road users, ultimately, when the built-in vehicle (s) explode or catch fire, in the most dramatic cases.

- However, in many cases, the existing protections are insufficient, and in an infinite number of other cases, they are non-existent.

2) Indication of the prior art bringing out the technical problem posed - Currently, on motorways, safety barriers made of steel treated against corrosion, in general with a rail, are used; sometimes with two rails; or even three rails in particularly dangerous places. In the most common case, these safety barriers prevent a distressed vehicle from crossing the central reservation separating the traffic lanes, and from hitting one or more vehicles with full force on the traffic lane. reverse. But everyone has noticed, following such and such a recent accident, that these crash barriers are laminated, even flattened on the ground or torn off when the truck, coach, trucks or semi-trailers hit them at full load and at large speed.

- Currently, on roads, in France and in many European countries, certain curtains of trees have also received steel slides with a single rail, parallel to the row of trunks, protection very often insufficient to the against shattered trucks.

- In addition, given the price of safety rails in treated steel, many municipalities or the State, declare forfeit before the cost of protection with two superimposed horizontal rails, much more effective (40,000 to 45,000 h French per 100 meters ). Finally, hundreds of thousands, even millions of fixed obstacles installed are in no way neutralized and constitute as many points of real insecurity for road users.

- The problem posed is humanitarian, technical and economic.

- Taking into account the number of victims of vehicle accidents coming into collision with fixed obstacles installed
1994
Number of bodily accidents in France: 132,726
Number of vehicle accidents against
such fixed obstacles installed: 32,144
Number killed in these accidents: 3,250
Number of seriously injured: 11,260 the solution to this problem is also a national, European and international emergency.

The numbers prove it. In 1993, the number of people killed by all accidents, and not only against fixed obstacles installed, per 100,000 inhabitants were as follows
- United Kingdom 6.9
- Netherlands 8.2
- Denmark 11.5
- Italy 11.8
- Germany 12.3
- Ireland 12.6
- Belgium 14.8
- Spain 15.9
- France 16.6
- Luxembourg 19,
- Greece 19.2
- Portugal 28.6 - In some places, the edges of old tires "painted new" are used as vaguely protective floral basins: this is an intuition which is perfectly ineffective; as a protective wall for drivers of Formula 1 racing cars, and that's a good idea; at the bottom of such a fence wall, wisely stored side by side, in one or two layers and it's DIY.

- However, we offer a practical system, object of the present invention, which effectively neutralizes fixed obstacles.

3) Statement of the invention - It is a system at a time
- simple in concept, and serious,
- safe technique,
- providing effective protection,
- inexpensive, therefore competitive,
- respecting the aesthetics of our roadside.

- The principle consists in recovering used tires of all diameters (tires for motorcycles, cars, trucks, agricultural tractors, as well as heavy public works vehicles, in certain cases of perilous obstacles); to collect them free of charge (24 million private cars in France; to which are added 3,300,000 utility vehicles (vans, heavy goods vehicles, road tractors); and approximately 750,000 motorcycles in 1994), to equip them with fixed obstacles, constitute real continuous ramparts from the rows of trees, along the enclosure walls, canals bordering the roads, etc, etc ...

- The system then adapts to all cases, to all situations, according to the standards set out below.

A / Used tires can and should be used as follows
* 1 * or plumb, flat
- either preselected to surround the fixed obstacle,
- either not sectioned, intact, to build an intermediate wall
continuous between each two obstacles, in all the intervals,
in any case whenever the posts, the row of trees,
are planted along other traps: steep slope, ditch of
drainage, boundary wall, river, canal, pond or lake, etc.,
etc ... See Figure 1, where are represented
F = tree
2 = floor
H = height 1.40 meter or more
L = about 10 meters, about 10 tires.

- or, in extreme cases (example: in a bend down
coast, along a river or a lake deprived of all pa
rapet), uncut tires arranged flat in a crown
around the big tree, tree not surrounded but surrounded
stacks of non-sectioned tires, each stack being secured
with its two neighbors See Figure 2, where are represented
F = tree
4 = lake
5 = rampart of intact tires
6 = other trees, same.

* 2 * or singing if the tires cannot be placed flat
a) either because the distance between the row of trees and the roadway
is insufficient (it exists). In this case, it is necessary to belt
rer the trunks of intact tires not preselected, laid on edge;
and the wall will also be made up with uncut tires installed
edges, joined together by plastic coated steel cables
and with the plasticized steel cable (s) which enclose and
block the air barrier See Figure 3, which shows how
the connection must be made between each two tires, and
between the clamp cables and each tire. In this Figure 3,
the references mean:
78 plasticized steel rope for securing
8 n plasticized steel cables for tightening the rampart. These cables
have multiple twisted steel wires.

H n height up to 1.40 meters - 1.60 meters
2 n floor
(b) either to ensure and increase the effectiveness of the protection that
must absolutely guarantee any pneumatic bulwark. To can
perform a satisfactory tightening of the chains, or steel cables,
or "Nylon" cables which have to be joined to a set of tires
not sectioned constituting the continuous rampart between ten
trees, we must avoid this channe, this steel cable or
of "Nylon" does not slip between two tires and does not come into contact with
the tree, thus damaging the bark and trunk. Such tightening of
cable or steel channel, will not be safe, durable, and effective,
that if it is exerted on tires laid on edge, around the tires
already installed and secured (see Figure 3).

c) In addition, in the event of a vehicle collision with the pneuma rampart
tick, avoid the vehicle body coming into contact with
direct contact with the steel cable. Hence the following device of
Figure 4 showing three sets of tires forming and completing
the device
Pneusthe tires horizontally arranged plumb - from the first belt -, and joined together: around the trees therefore pre-sectioned and between the intact trees in a continuous wall.

 ≈the tires P1) P2) P3) P4) arranged on the edge, joined together and with the tires placed plumb, allowing the tightening of the two cables (8) blocking the rampart. It is on these tires placed on the edge that the chain, the cable, the two cables or ropes, or 3 cables, if necessary depending on the height H "of the rampart tightening and blocking the pneumatic rampart will exert their pressure once the tension is correctly established. .

 Pneus motorcycle tires (PM), suspended outside the rampart, only facing the road. They are suspended and linked to the tension cables; and secured, by steel cord, with the tires placed on the edges described in the above paragraph and with the stacks of tires arranged flat to prevent any contact between the vehicle body and these cables.

In Figure 4, are represented
F = tree
2 = floor
H "= tires stacked up to 1.5 meters
d = sufficient distance L "= over 10-12 meters
PM = motorcycle tires.

P1) P2) P3) P4) = tires arranged on edge
B / Sectioning of the belt tires. The tires which surround the trees - or the pylons or the posts - must obviously be pre-sectioned to authorize the belting of the fixed obstacle.

 - if the tree, and therefore the tire, are small in diameter, a single section (9) of the tire is sufficient. Once laid around the tree, the section (9) of the tire must always be behind the trunk, in opposition relative to the road (see Figures 5,6,7). All these tires will obviously be joined by 3 ropes.

- if the arhre, therefore the tire, are of a large diameter, the tire used being in this case very rigid, if necessary fastz the sectioTEr 1> times at 15 cm-30 years this distace thus practicing a hollow -
S - practicing alnsl an evlde-
ment (11) between the two saw cuts, recess (11) by which the
girdling the tree will be relatively easy. All these belt tires
tapping will obviously be joined two by two, and by piles thanks to strong steel ropes (12) (at least 3 ropes) (Cf. Figure 6, Figure 7).

- Indeed, in the case of a tree, the pneumatic belt must above all not damage the plant nor prevent the growth of the trunk of this tree.

- In the case of a large diameter shaft, therefore of heavy and very rigid tires, the extraction of a section (11) of the tire, by shearing then sawing, must facilitate the spacing in extension and in torsion of the tire until it comes to encircle the trunk without damaging the bark of the tree to be insulated.

- In order to constitute an effective belt, once placed around the trunk of the tree (F), the 8 to 10 tires thus stacked must be joined by plasticized steel ropes (10) tightening them two by two In our opinion , three solidarizers (10) for each pair of tires.

(See Figure 7).

- The same connection between stacked tires and between two piles of tires two by two, must be carefully carried out in order to decisively increase the cohesion, therefore the resistance of the pneumatic rampart
See Figure 8 where the marks represent
10 "connection between each pair of tires
13 = connection between each pair of tire stacks
8 = pneumatic ramp tightening cables which exert their
action on edge tires, not shown here but shown
in Figure 4
H "'I height up to 1.5 meters L"' = distance from 10 to 15 meters - This essential connection between stacked tires, by strong plasticized iron wires, as well as by plasticized cables between piles of tires, must be effective, carried out in all cases, whether the tires are placed plumb and / or edge.

See Figure 9-1: Securing the edge tires.

See Figure 9-2: connection between stacks of flat tires (A) and stacks of edge tires (B).

Figure 9-2 shows that the joining of the stacks of tires is advantageous to include the solution: by pairs of tires (10), and the joining by stacks of tires (12) (12 '). The connection between a stack of plumb tires (A) and a stack of tires placed on the edge (B) is possible by the two ropes (13). Stacks of non-pre-sectioned tires can also be bagged with plastic (see Figure 12).

- In all cases, it is up to the Equipment Works Managers to fix, on site, the height of the tire stacks and that of the pneumatic ramparts to be built, respecting the standards set out above. It can be 1.5 meters, 2 meters, 2.5 meters ... It all depends on the configuration of the terrain.

- The belt of a large tree will have a double belt (Cf.

Figure 10) up to 1.5 meters.

In summary
** We only cut the tires when they have to surround a
fixed obstacle. They are placed around the trunk or pole, the
cut behind the obstacle in relation to the road.

 - No cut tire should never be used (neither flat, nor edge), to constitute a pneumatic bulwark To be erected between obstacles surrounded by cut tires.

- To cut a used tire, and even more so to remove a section from a large tire, we recommend proceeding in two stages
≈first cut the two cords of the tire to be cut (special shears adapted to this work),
≈then saw the tire where the two beads have just been sheared, proceeding from the inside to the outside, using a special circular saw, for example abrasive.

- Pre-sectioned tires must be installed as fixed obstacle belts, mechanically expanding their diameter by all means of separation and torsion;
- Between the trunk of the tree and the surrounding tires (and between the two pneumatic belts (See Figure 10), if two belts are deemed essential by the experts), we recommend filling the free spaces with plastic debris and reclaimed rubber, always reserving at the top of the pile, a volume that will receive sand, earth, soil, allowing the transplanting of ornamental plants intended to ensure the aesthetics of the whole.

 - In fact, wherever the experts from the Equipment Services deem that a double axial protection is essential, the tree, the post, the pylon, will receive a double belt of pre-sectioned tires (see Figure 10).

About this Figure 10, here is the explanation of the drawing
* First belt around the tree: internal tires P'1-P'2
P'3-P'4-P'5 ..., are joined together, two by two, by the ropes (10). In reality, 3 sets of 3 ropes must always ensure this connection between each tire and its neighbor in the pile.

* Second belt of large tires arranged around the first tires, therefore external: large tires P "1-P" 2-P "3 ..., up to a minimum height of 1.5m, must be joined together, two by two, by the big guys
plasticized steel wires or plastic-coated steel cables (10 '), then the whole pile of the same big tires P "1-P" 2-P "3 ..., over its entire height, must likewise, be joined by 3 plasticized steel cables (12 '), each A 1200 cable of the following ..

- The 3 large tires P "1, P" 2, P "3 are joined together (10 '), and with the 5 smaller diameter tires of the first belt by the ropes (10") (three connections). Finally, the pile of external tires, of large diameter, is secured in (12 '), three times by steel ropes.

- To lighten the drawing in Figure 10, each stack of tires has received, in fact, connecting ropes, only one series of ropes: a series of 3 on the internal tires (or three series are needed) ; a single set of 2 for the three large tires (gold, you also need three sets of 2 for these); only one steel wire (12 ') for the external pile of large tires and three are needed.

- in summary, when there is a double belt, the small tires of the first belt only receive 3 sets of 3 fastenings (10) two by two. But the big tires of the second belt are twice joined together
** two by two, 3 times (10 '),
** the whole stack of large tires, 3 times (12 ').

 This set of 2 belts thus forms a single pneumatic protection block.

Respect for nature
In all the above cases, where a tree must be neutralized for safety reasons, the pre-sectioned pneumatic belt allows the trunk of the tree to develop for decades without harming this plant of any way. It is also to avoid damaging these trees and to allow effective tightening of the cables ensuring the cohesion and resistance of each pneumatic rampart (Cf. Figure 4) that we tighten the steel cables on edge tires, P1- P2-P3-P4 installed from the outside and secured with the belt tires of each trunk (F) i already installed.

 C / Joining, golden rule 1) - As soon as it is a question of encircling a cylindrical fixed obstacle (tree, post, lamppost ...), once arranged in belt of the obstacle, the tires pre- sectioned must always be joined together, two by two in pairs, and joined by stacks of 8-10-15 tires according to the height chosen, in accordance with Figure 7.

In our view, it is necessary that each tire in a stack and the stack of tires be joined together by 3 iron wires or steel ropes placed A 1200 from each other, always plasticized.

 - The intact tires forming a stack of the rampart, must be joined together, two by two, in their stack, by 3 steel cords sheathed in plastic, placed at 1200 from each other. And this same pile of intact used tires (not sectioned) must also be joined to its two adjacent piles, by a plastic-coated cord vertically enclosing each pair of batteries.

 - The stacks of intact used tires (not cut), can be bagged in thick plastic bags, and retracted (if the plastic is white, it makes the rampart clearly visible at night). Even in this case, the tires of the stack must be secured before bagging. And the bagged pile must be surrounded by two ropes at right angles, and tied at their two intersections as illustrated in Figure 12, where are represented: (14) - retracted plastic bag, (1 (H1) to (10-4) = joining lines, and (12-1) j (12-2) = robust joining lines.

 - This generalized joining, essential to the coherence, flexibility and resistance of the pneumatic ramparts, must be strictly ensured in all cases, under the personal responsibility of the project manager of any construction, on each site.

2) - When the pneumatic rampart must unite plumb tires (A) (laid flat) and edge tires (B) (Cf. Figure 9-2), triple securing (10) and (12) by pairs of stacked tires and (10 ') and (12') tires placed on edge, is required.

 - In addition, (See Figure 9-2), each stack (A) of 8-10-15 tires stacked flat, must be secured by 3 ropes (12) of plasticized steel. Likewise, the stacks of tires arranged on the edge must be secured, two by two tires, by means of 3 steel ropes (10), then by stacks of tires arranged in the edge (12 ').

 - Finally, the connection between the stack (A) of tires placed flat, and the neighboring two or more piles (B) disposeddechant, must be carried out by two ropes (13) as explained in this Figure 9-2.

 - In all cases, it is up to the Equipment Works Managers to calculate and fix, on site and in situ, the height of the tire stacks and that of the pneumatic ramparts to be built, and always respecting the black above exposed. It can be 1.5m, 2m, or even 2.5m in height, keeping in mind that any car, truck, truck-trailer can, following a first shock or A series of rebounds, alas , too, to overturn. The height of the ramparts must take into account these probabilities, as well as the environment and the configuration of the land (the drainage ditch, the nature and profile of the embankment, any riparian dwellings to be protected, etc., etc.) ).

Important note
- At certain crossroads, the height of the pneumatic rampart could hinder the visibility of drivers of passenger cars, arriving against the field. In such a case, it may be necessary not to lower the height of the tire protection deemed essential ..., but to cut down a tree or two on each side of the crossroads.

3) Steel cables for clamping and securing the pneumatic ramparts
- The angular, biased impact of a truck loaded in distress, hitting an obstacle, is destructive. Any frontal impact is colossal. It is therefore necessary to constitute real ramparts of tires from, for example, a curtain of trees, by joining together the tire belts already made with stacks of uncut tires ligated to each other. To this end, it is essential to enclose the pneumatic wall thus formed in plasticized steel cables or very robust "Nylon" ropes gradually stretched by suitable tensioners on a wall of tires placed on edge, arranged all around the rampart already solidly secured, as shown in Figure 4.

Only these clamping cables can provide the protective assembly with flexibility and resistance ... Tests and preliminary tests must be organized. They will confirm this principle and will make it possible to determine more precisely which forces of steel cables or "Nylon" ropes, or steel chains must be used.

 - Figure 11 describes the splices (16) to be made and the tensioners (18) with which the equipment workers must be equipped so that the clamping cables (15) can withstand any impact whatsoever.

When the tightening under the action of the tensioner (18) is satisfactory, the tightening handle (19) is welded to its two end pieces
In this Figure 11 are represented
15 - cable
16 "welded splice
17 - screw
18 w tensioner
19 "clamping handle
- LA again, the experts from the Equipment Services will decide, case by case, whether two steel cables or a steel cable and two steel cables are needed: a rope, the cable, a rope, in parallel ; or if 2 or 3 very large "Nylon" ropes do the trick.

 - Being clear that once tight, these chains, cables or ropes must be securely fastened with the stacks of belt tires and the start, then receive singing tires, outside, only on the road side of the rampart. This outer curtain of singing tires must be securely fastened to the cables or tightening cords, and to the stacks of tires.

- As for the cost of the steel cables (15), it comes into the picture. If we want to limit the expense, instead of 200 meters of cable completely encircling the entire bulwark of tires between 11 equidistant trees of 10 meters between 2 trunks - we can only use 125 meters of cables. in Figure 13, proceed as follows
* belt of the two end trees, the first F1 and the eleventh F11,
* laying of the cable, surrounding the F1 and F11 shafts, on the road side only, and looping of the steel cable on edge tires, laid around the pneumatic belts of the F1 and F11 shafts; and welding of the loops, which saves about 75 meters of cable,
* only then, belting of trees: F2 included to F10 included,
* then erection of the wall made up of piles of used tires not cut in each interval between each pair of trees; and gathering general solidarity,
* Finally, solid attachment of the outer edge tires P, to the clamping cable (15), and to the stacks of Pi tires, only on the side of the road.

- The references in Figure 13 represent respectively
F1 to F11 I trees
Pi 'w stacks of tires encircling a tree
PI tires laid on edge
15 - cable clamp
16 1 both welds
17 1 plastic or heavy gauge steel wire
joining the assembly between tire stacks (Pi) and joining
also the cable (15), the sidewall tires (P ') on the road side and the batteries
of tires (Pi) L "'- about 100 meters
D / We respect the aesthetics
It is important not to disfigure, therefore, of each pile of tires, it is necessary to make a container of perennial plants, ivy, virgin vine, goat-leaf, receiving various types of floral plants with staggered flowerings.

We recommend the following method
1) Case of tree belts in severed tires. As we know, these stacks of cut tires must be internally trimmed after filling the incision (or the recess of a large tire, when this recess results from cutting), to a certain height, plastic debris and reclaimed rubber. The earth, sand and potting soil are poured over the top of the tire pile. It is in these cylindrical volumes of topsoil that the plants will be transplanted.

 2) In the stacks of uncut tires, there is also a robust hard plastic container, which receives this topsoil, where the plants will be transplanted (which avoids handling tons and tons of soil if it were necessary to garnish it each of the stacks over its entire height).

 3) In front of the tire ramparts, it is advisable, when space permits, to plant shrubs subject to the pruning of November, but sufficiently spaced so that the white paint of the tires placed along the pavement allows visibility preserved from road users.

 4) Some municipalities, more demanding in aesthetics, because representing tourist cities, serving cities of art or culture, will refuse the ramparts of tires, even of reduced height, even if the perennials and the flower baskets improve appearance.

- In these specific cases, it is always possible to adapt to their particular requirements
- either by combining the steel slide system with
the pneumatic system according to Figure 14, whose
references designate
19 - conventional steel slide, treated against corrosion
15 1 clamping cables on P 'edge tires
10 - solidarity
20 = rear protection mesh in strong steel wire
caliber,
- either by reducing the height of the pneumatic protection
if it is reinforced, in accordance with Figure 15, to
interpret as follows
19 - steel slide, treated against corrosion
15 = steel cables
P = edge tires
21 - joining together in steel ropes,
E / The decisive advantage of the pneumatic system is its economic cost, already mentioned
I / The costs
≈ used tires collected free of charge,
≈ advantageous workmanship
Rixprices of cables, ropes or chains, without common measure with that of steel rails. Let's compare: * Classic system
1 1 single 100-meter steel rail: 22,000 a - 25,000 h
2 2 superimposed steel rails of 100 meters: 43,000 Fr - 45,000 Fr * Pneumatic system
Free tires
Material + Labor + Miscellaneous
(1 foreman + 4 men) if 1 steel cable of 700 Fr 125 meters 32 mm + 400 h
5.800 Fr TTC + 1.100 Fr x 4 days + 6.000 = 16.200 Fr ---- 4.

if 1 "Nylon" cable of 125 meters 30 mm
3.100 Fr TTC + 4.400 Fr + 6.000 = 13.500 Fr if rope of 125 meters 2 cm
1.820 1k TTC + 4.400 1k + 6.000 = 12.220 1k
Even in the most difficult cases which must also be foreseen, even by applying 1.5 as a coefficient, we arrive at the following prices, all posed, labor included
for 125 m steel 24.300 Fr TTC
for 125 m "Nylon" 27.750 Fr TTC
for 125 m rope 18.330 1k TTC
We are therefore very far from the 45,000 Fr of the 2 steel rails laid in parallel, one under the other ...

Claims (1)

CLAIMS I) Method for producing a Road Safety device intended to absorb shocks between road vehicles and fixed obstacles located such as trees, poles, pylons, bridge piers, walls perpendicular to the flow of traffic and other traps such as embankments steep, drainage ditch, boundary wall, river, canal, pond or lake; of the type using stacks of used tires, characterized in that it consists in making a belt or a crown of tires stacked flat or on edge, and in that each belt or crown of stacked tires is secured twice: two by two tires in each pile on the one hand, and at the level of each whole pile of tires on the other hand, using robust cables sheathed in plastic (10) (12). II) Method according to claim I) ~, characterized in that the ropes securing the tires on the one hand two by two and on the other hand at the level of each pile, are each time three in number placed at 1200. III) Method according to claim I), intended to produce a safety device around common trees of diameter or poles or pylons, characterized in that it consists in producing around the trunk of each tree, a belt of used tires made up of tires used, previously sectioned, with a single hacksaw (9) when the diameter of the fixed obstacle is small, or two hacksaws when it is a large tree requiring belting with rigid tires, in this case, to extract a section (11) of tire from 15 cm to 30 cm approximately, and in that said sectioning is carried out by cutting the two wired beads of the tires, then by sawing the tires at the place where the two heels come from '' to be sheared: in that the installation - is tires sectioned in piles around the tree is carried out by mechanically expanding their diameter by means of spacing and twisting until it is to be clamped 1 ar - bre, and in that the said sections, are positioned behind the trunk of the tree with respect to the road, and the tires are stacked over a minimum height of 1.4 meters. IV) Method according to claims I) or II), intended to produce a safety device around large-diameter trees, in that it consists in being produced around a crown of used tires stacked around the trunk and constituted intact, uncut, flat or edging tires at least 1.4 meters high, and in that each stacked belt or ring of used tires is solidified three times - two by two tires in each pile (10) one hand, - all this same pile systematically by three ropes to  1200 (12) on each other's tire circumference  go,  - finally each stack with its neighbor, using robust fi  plastic coated steel liners (13).  V) Method according to claims I) and III), characterized in that it consists in producing around trees two concentric belts of used tires, all previously sectioned  a first internal belt of tires (P ') joined together in pairs, by means of steel cables (10) sheathed in plastic, and entirely by pile, by means of strong cables of the same nature,  and a second belt, external, of large used tires (P "), arranged around the tires (P ') of the first belt, secured two by two (10') with the tires of the internal belt, and entirely (12 ') between elements of the stack of large tires (P "), then the free spaces are filled with plastic debris and reclaimed rubber.  VI) Method according to any one of claims I), II) and IV), characterized in that it also consists in building a continuous intermediate pneumatic wall between each two obstacles, in all the intervals thus defined, From stacks of non-sectioned used tires (Pi ') arranged flat, secured in each stack two A two (10) and per stack (12); each stack also being secured (13) with its two neighbors.  VII) Method according to any one of claims I) and IV), characterized in that it further consists in building a pneumatic rampart consisting of the union of stacks of tires laid flat, with stacks of edge tires ; joined two by two tires (10) in each pile (12), edge and flat, then each whole pile and between flat batteries, and edge secured two by two (13) so as to obtain a triple attachment.  VIII) Method according to claim I), characterized in that it consists on the one hand in encircling the tree trunks by tires laid on the edge, firmly secured in pairs and for the entire belt, in the event of insufficient distance between fixed obstacles and the roadway, and on the other hand to constitute a wall of intact tires not previously sectioned, laid on edge, joined together in pairs, by pile and between piles, by plasticized steel ropes (8) (s) which grip and block the air barrier.  IX) Method according to any one of claims I), II) and III) characterized in that it consists in erecting a continuous rampart formed of stacks of non-sectioned used tires (Pi ') in all the intervals between ten of trees (F), previously belted with stacks of preselected tires laid out flat, and to enclose the pneumatic wall thus constituted by belts or steel cables, or "Nylon" cords (8), (15), stretched and tightened on tires placed on the edge (P) around the pneumatic belts already installed around the trees.  X) Method according to claim VIII) or IX), characterized in that it consists in suspending from the cables (8) (15) which grip the pneumatic rampart, motorcycle tires (PM) by binding them to the tension cables (15 ) and by joining them together by steel ropes (17) with the tires placed on the edge (P) around the shafts (F), as well as with the stacks of intermediate tires (Pi ') arranged flat, in order to prevent any contact between the vehicle body and the clamping cables (8), (15).  XI) Method according to any one of claims I), II) and III) characterized in that it consists in producing a rampart of tires between trees, first of all encircling the two end trees (Fl) ( Fll) of the row, then lay plasticized steel cable (15) on the road side (2) only; by looping at its ends the cable (15) on edge tires (P) previously stowed around the pneumatic belts of said so-called end shafts (Fl) (Fll), then to belt the intermediate shafts (P2) A (FlO), A erect a wall made up of piles of used tires not cut in each interval between pairs of intermediate shafts, and finally To hang motorcycle tires (PM), edge, to the cables of clamping (15) and to the piles of tires , only Outside, road side (2).  XII) Method according to claim I) or IV), characterized in that it consists in producing, in combination with a system of steel slides (19), a rampart from clamping cables (15) stretched over tires ( P) tied down around the trees (F) in a row; said rampart being completed either by means of fastenings (21) in steel ropes, or by a mesh (20) of rear protection made of high-caliber plasticized steel wires.  XIII) Method according to any one of claims IX) A XII), characterized in that it consists in tightening the steel cables (15) by making splices (16) and laying tensioners (18) with levers tightening (19), then to weld splices and tensioners when the tightening is satisfactory.  XIV) Device for implementing the method according to any one of claims I), II), V), VI), VII), IX), X), XI), characterized in that it consists of stacks of used tires, not assembled, joined together in pairs, pre-bagged in the workshop in shrunk thick plastic bags (14), and surrounded by two ropes (12-1) (12-2) arranged at right angles and tied at their two intersections .