FR2731490A1 - Process of fabrication brush joint for use with rotating shafts - Google Patents

Process of fabrication brush joint for use with rotating shafts Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2731490A1
FR2731490A1 FR9502687A FR9502687A FR2731490A1 FR 2731490 A1 FR2731490 A1 FR 2731490A1 FR 9502687 A FR9502687 A FR 9502687A FR 9502687 A FR9502687 A FR 9502687A FR 2731490 A1 FR2731490 A1 FR 2731490A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
bundle
fibers
manufacturing
brush seal
cutting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR9502687A
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French (fr)
Other versions
FR2731490B1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Georges Plona
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA, SNECMA SAS filed Critical Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
Priority to FR9502687A priority Critical patent/FR2731490B1/en
Publication of FR2731490A1 publication Critical patent/FR2731490A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2731490B1 publication Critical patent/FR2731490B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3284Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings characterised by their structure; Selection of materials
    • F16J15/3288Filamentary structures, e.g. brush seals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)

Abstract

The process comprises of a formation stage of a bundle of fibres (4) and a stage of cutting the fibres. It contains of a stage where the fibres are stiffened, before the cutting stage, by the coating of the fibres with a hardening product (23) such as frozen water. The fibres are then mounted in sleeve mounts (7,8) and a final cut is made to produce the brush joint whose ends (5) rub on the outer surface of a rotating shaft (6).

Description

PROCEDE DE FABRICATION D'UN JOINT A BROSSE
DESCRIPTION
L'invention ressortit à un procédé de fabrication d'un joint à brosse, du genre de ceux qui sont couramment utilisés pour établir l'étanchéité entre une pièce mobile et une autre pièce, fixe ou mobile, grâce à un faisceau de fibres retenu dans un boîtier fixé à une des pièces et possédant une partie libre dont l'extrémité libre frotte contre l'autre des pièces. En général, les pièces sont une paroi de séparation de deux enceintes soumises à des pressions différentes, et un arbre qui traverse la paroi ; le faisceau de fibres forme un rideau qui permet de maintenir la différence de pression entre les enceintes.
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A BRUSH JOINT
DESCRIPTION
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a brush seal, of the kind which are commonly used to establish the seal between a moving part and another part, fixed or mobile, by means of a bundle of fibers retained in a housing fixed to one of the parts and having a free part, the free end of which rubs against the other of the parts. In general, the parts are a partition wall of two enclosures subjected to different pressures, and a shaft which crosses the wall; the bundle of fibers forms a curtain which keeps the pressure difference between the speakers.

On a conçu de nombreux matériaux, métalliques, organiques ou en céramique pour former les poils, mais la souplesse qu'ils doivent posséder pour leur utilisation devient un inconvénient à la fabrication du joint. En effet, une étape de fabrication doit être consacrée à couper le faisceau d'une manière quelconque à l'extrémité libre des poils pour le mettre à la bonne largeur et pour l'égaliser, ce qui est difficile à faire convenablement. Many materials have been designed, metallic, organic or ceramic to form the bristles, but the flexibility they must have for their use becomes a drawback in the manufacture of the seal. Indeed, a manufacturing step must be devoted to cutting the bundle in any way at the free end of the bristles to put it at the right width and to equalize it, which is difficult to do properly.

On procède traditionnellement en pressant les poils entre des plaques ou des mâchoires et en les coupant juste au bord de ces outils, qui impliquent cependant une complication de fabrication.This is traditionally done by pressing the bristles between plates or jaws and cutting them right at the edge of these tools, which however involve a manufacturing complication.

On choisit donc de procéder différemment ici, sans structure spéciale pour maintenir les poils, mais en les enduisant d'un produit durcissant, qui les raidit avantageusement, on utilise un liquide tel que de l'eau qu'on congèle. Les poils, qui restent droits quand l'outil de coupe les atteint, sont alors facilement coupés, et le liquide solidifié ou plus généralement l'enduit durci ne complique pas le déroulement de la coupe car il n'a qu'une faible résistance et est facilement cisaillé et détruit aux endroits de passage de l'outil. We therefore choose to proceed differently here, without a special structure to hold the hairs, but by coating them with a hardening product, which advantageously stiffens them, we use a liquid such as water which is frozen. The hairs, which remain straight when the cutting tool reaches them, are then easily cut, and the solidified liquid or more generally the hardened coating does not complicate the course of the cut because it has only a low resistance and is easily sheared and destroyed where the tool passes.

L'invention sera mieux comprise aux commentaires des figures suivantes annexées à titre illustratif uniquement
la figure 1 représente un joint à brosse,
les figures 2A à 2E représentent les étapes de
fabrication de ce joint conformément à une mise en
oeuvre de l'invention, et
lesfigures 3A à 3C représentent les étapes de
fabrication de ce joint conformément à une autre
mise en oeuvre de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood from the comments on the following figures which are annexed to the illustration only.
FIG. 1 represents a brush seal,
FIGS. 2A to 2E represent the steps of
manufacture of this seal in accordance with an implementation
work of the invention, and
Figures 3A to 3C show the stages of
manufacture of this joint according to another
implementation of the invention.

Le joint 1 de la figure 1 est retenu dans un logement annulaire 2 d'une pièce fixe 3 qui peut être une paroi de stator de turbomachine, et ses poils forment un faisceau 4 circulaire ou une collerette de fibres dont l'extrémité libre 5 frotte sur un arbre 6 concentrique à la pièce fixe 3. Deux bagues 7 et 8 forment un logement 9 à l'intérieur duquel le reste du faisceau 4 est logé, et les bagues 7 et 8 sont réunies entre elles par un cordon de soudure 10 ou un autre procédé de liaison sur leur face externe, à l'opposé d'une fente 11 d'où l'extrémité libre 5 du faisceau 4 sort. La fente 11 est délimitée par une lèvre 12 dépendant d'une des bagues 8 et qui s'étend jusque près de l'autre bague 7 : une portion du faisceau 4 est encastrée entre cette dernière bague 7 et la lèvre 12. The seal 1 of FIG. 1 is retained in an annular housing 2 of a fixed part 3 which can be a wall of a turbomachine stator, and its bristles form a circular bundle 4 or a flange of fibers whose free end 5 rubs on a shaft 6 concentric with the fixed part 3. Two rings 7 and 8 form a housing 9 inside which the rest of the bundle 4 is housed, and the rings 7 and 8 are joined together by a weld bead 10 or another connection method on their external face, opposite a slot 11 from which the free end 5 of the bundle 4 comes out. The slot 11 is delimited by a lip 12 depending on one of the rings 8 and which extends as far as the other ring 7: a portion of the bundle 4 is embedded between this last ring 7 and the lip 12.

On passe maintenant aux commentaires des figures 2 pour décrire comment le joint est fait. Tout d'abord (A), un enroulement 14 de fibres est tissé sur une structure de formage en une série de boucles dont certaines ont été représentées. La structure de formage peut consister en un cerceau central fixe 20 et de forme immuable et en deux cerceaux 21 des deux côtés du précédent et parallèles à lui, susceptibles d'être contractés en diamètre et rapprochés du cerceau central 20. Puis (B et C) la structure de formage est pliée de manière que l'enroulement de fibres 14 forme deux cônes puis deux pans sensiblement plans et parallèles. C'est alors qu'on plonge l'enroulement 14 de fibres dans l'eau et qu'on le refroidit jusqu'à la congélation pour former une gangue de glace 22 autour des fibres.On amène ensuite (D) une scie à lame circulaire 16 devant le faisceau de fibres 4, qu'on coupe en deux moitiés à l'emplacement d'une ligne de joint 15 proche du cerceau central 20. Chacune des deux moitiés forme un faisceau 4 qui sera affecté à un joint à brosse différent. Ici, on laisse subsister une partie de la zone pliée, qui forme un bord latéral 17 en partie courbe qui occupe le logement 9. L'étape suivante consiste en effet à installer les bagues 7 et 8 de façon à enserrer le faisceau 4. Après cette étape, qui comprend un soudage des bagues impliquant la fusion de la glace, il faut encore couper l'extrémité libre 18 du faisceau 4, qui forme un bord latéral du faisceau 4 opposé au précédent 17 et s'étendant hors du boîtier constitué par les bagues 7 et 8 pour mettre le faisceau 4 au diamètre souhaité.On utilise (E) un outil tel que, à nouveau, la scie à lame circulaire 16, après avoir reconstruit une gangue de glace 23 autour de cette extrémité libre 18 en la plongeant encore dans de l'eau qu'on a congelée ensuite. We now turn to the comments in FIGS. 2 to describe how the joint is made. First of all (A), a winding 14 of fibers is woven on a forming structure in a series of loops, some of which have been shown. The forming structure may consist of a fixed central hoop 20 and of unchanging shape and two hoops 21 on the two sides of the preceding one and parallel to it, capable of being contracted in diameter and brought closer to the central hoop 20. Then (B and C ) the forming structure is folded so that the winding of fibers 14 forms two cones and then two substantially flat and parallel sections. It is then that the winding 14 of fibers is immersed in water and cooled until freezing to form a matrix of ice 22 around the fibers. Then we bring (D) a saw blade circular 16 in front of the fiber bundle 4, which is cut in two halves at the location of a joint line 15 close to the central hoop 20. Each of the two halves forms a bundle 4 which will be assigned to a different brush joint . Here, a portion of the folded area is left, which forms a partly curved side edge 17 which occupies the housing 9. The next step is in fact to install the rings 7 and 8 so as to enclose the bundle 4. After this step, which includes welding the rings involving the melting of the ice, it is also necessary to cut the free end 18 of the bundle 4, which forms a lateral edge of the bundle 4 opposite to the previous one 17 and extending out of the housing constituted by the rings 7 and 8 to bring the beam 4 to the desired diameter. We use (E) a tool such as, again, the circular saw 16, after having reconstructed a gangue of ice 23 around this free end 18 by still immersing in water which was then frozen.

L'invention peut bien entendu être appliquée à des joints de formes différentes et peut comprendre des variantes, surtout dans les étapes préliminaires de tissage du faisceau et de mise en forme du faisceau. La nature de l'enduit solidifié ou figé autour du faisceau n'est pas non plus critique.
Enfin, la coupe à proprement parler peut être remplacée par un rognage.
The invention can of course be applied to joints of different shapes and may include variants, especially in the preliminary stages of weaving the bundle and shaping the bundle. The nature of the coating solidified or frozen around the bundle is also not critical.
Finally, the cut itself can be replaced by trimming.

Un tel exemple de variation secondaire est exposé aux figures 3, où les fibres à couper sont d'abord jointes en touffes 25 emmanchées dans des tubes 26 par une extrémité. Les tubes 26 sont placés côte à côte dans des empreintes 27 concentriques ménagées sur une couronne 28, et ils y sont retenus par un collage pour une brasure. Les touffes 25 sont alors dirigées vers le centre du dispositif et se mêlent à leurs voisines pour former de nouveau le faisceau 4 (A). One such example of secondary variation is shown in Figures 3, where the fibers to be cut are first joined in tufts 25 fitted into tubes 26 at one end. The tubes 26 are placed side by side in concentric cavities 27 formed on a crown 28, and they are retained there by bonding for soldering. The tufts 25 are then directed towards the center of the device and mix with their neighbors to again form the bundle 4 (A).

Deux coupelles 29 circulaires, analogues aux bagues 7 et 8, sont alors approchées, jointes, puis brasées ou collées pour enserrer les parties libres des touffes 25 près des tubes 26 (B). Quand ce sertissage des touffes 25 est accompli, les fibres peuvent être mouillées et congelées comme précédemment puis coupées à l'extrémité libre, opposée aux coupelles 29 et à la couronne 28, par l'outil 16 ; un usinage est enfin accompli par un second outil 30 pour éliminer la couronne 28, les tubes 26 et les portions adjacentes des touffes 25. Un joint à brosse est alors achevé (C).  Two circular cups 29, similar to the rings 7 and 8, are then approached, joined, then brazed or glued to grip the free parts of the tufts 25 near the tubes 26 (B). When this crimping of the tufts 25 is accomplished, the fibers can be wetted and frozen as previously and then cut at the free end, opposite the cups 29 and the crown 28, by the tool 16; machining is finally accomplished by a second tool 30 to remove the crown 28, the tubes 26 and the adjacent portions of the tufts 25. A brush seal is then completed (C).

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé de fabrication d'un joint à brosse, comprenant une étape de formation d'un faisceau de fibres (4) et une étape de coupe du faisceau, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape de raidissement des fibres avant l'étape de coupe en enduisant les fibres d'un produit durcissant (23). 1. A method of manufacturing a brush seal, comprising a step of forming a bundle of fibers (4) and a step of cutting the bundle, characterized in that it comprises a step of stiffening the fibers before the cutting step by coating the fibers with a hardening product (23). 2. Procédé de fabrication d'un joint à brosse suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de formation du faisceau consiste en un tissage. 2. A method of manufacturing a brush seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam forming step consists of weaving. 3. Procédé de fabrication d'un joint à brosse suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, après l'étape de tissage, une première étape de raidissement en enduisant les fibres d'un produit durcissant (22), puis une première étape de coupe pour ôter une partie du faisceau et une étape de montage de bagues (7, 8) constituant une armature du joint autour d'un bord latéral (17) du faisceau adjacent à la partie ôtée, un autre bord latéral (18) du faisceau, situé hors des bagues et à l'opposé du bord latéral monté dans les bagues, étant ôté à une étape de coupe finale. 3. A method of manufacturing a brush seal according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises, after the weaving step, a first stiffening step by coating the fibers with a hardening product (22), then a first cutting step to remove a part of the bundle and a step of mounting rings (7, 8) constituting a reinforcement of the joint around a lateral edge (17) of the bundle adjacent to the removed part, another lateral edge ( 18) of the bundle, located outside the rings and opposite the lateral edge mounted in the rings, being removed at a final cutting step. 4. Procédé de fabrication d'un joint à brosse suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de formation du faisceau consiste en un rassemblement des fibres en touffes (25) qui sont ensuite mises côte à côte. 4. A method of manufacturing a brush seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of forming the bundle consists of a collection of fibers in tufts (25) which are then placed side by side. 5. Procédé de fabrication d'un joint à brosse suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le produit durcissant est de l'eau dont l'étape de durcissement comprend une congélation.  5. A method of manufacturing a brush seal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hardening product is water, the hardening step comprises freezing.
FR9502687A 1995-03-08 1995-03-08 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A BRUSH JOINT Expired - Lifetime FR2731490B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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FR9502687A FR2731490B1 (en) 1995-03-08 1995-03-08 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A BRUSH JOINT

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FR2731490B1 FR2731490B1 (en) 1997-04-04

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001048404A1 (en) * 1999-12-24 2001-07-05 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Brush seals
WO2003091609A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-11-06 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Brush seals
EP1930634A1 (en) * 2006-12-08 2008-06-11 United Technologies Corporation Brush seal assemblies utilizing a threaded fastening method
WO2009094982A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-08-06 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Brush seal and method for mounting a brush seal
US20190309855A1 (en) * 2018-04-05 2019-10-10 United Technologies Corporation Multi-plane brush seal

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2392297A1 (en) * 1977-05-25 1978-12-22 Profil Sa Ind Financ Le Draught excluder e.g. for windows or doors - is made of pile yarns of weft in a woven ribbon held tightly in a plastic mounting
JPS56148919A (en) * 1980-04-22 1981-11-18 Toray Monofilament Co Ltd Cutting method of bundlelike single fibrous assembly
EP0192476A2 (en) * 1985-02-20 1986-08-27 ROLLS-ROYCE plc Brush seal manufacture
GB2196705A (en) * 1986-10-24 1988-05-05 Rolls Royce Plc A method of machining annular brush seals by use of a revolving cutting and grinding means

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2392297A1 (en) * 1977-05-25 1978-12-22 Profil Sa Ind Financ Le Draught excluder e.g. for windows or doors - is made of pile yarns of weft in a woven ribbon held tightly in a plastic mounting
JPS56148919A (en) * 1980-04-22 1981-11-18 Toray Monofilament Co Ltd Cutting method of bundlelike single fibrous assembly
EP0192476A2 (en) * 1985-02-20 1986-08-27 ROLLS-ROYCE plc Brush seal manufacture
GB2196705A (en) * 1986-10-24 1988-05-05 Rolls Royce Plc A method of machining annular brush seals by use of a revolving cutting and grinding means

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 6, no. 31 (C - 092) 24 February 1982 (1982-02-24) *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001048404A1 (en) * 1999-12-24 2001-07-05 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Brush seals
WO2003091609A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-11-06 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Brush seals
EP1930634A1 (en) * 2006-12-08 2008-06-11 United Technologies Corporation Brush seal assemblies utilizing a threaded fastening method
WO2009094982A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-08-06 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Brush seal and method for mounting a brush seal
US8376367B2 (en) 2008-01-29 2013-02-19 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Brush seal and method for mounting a brush seal
US20190309855A1 (en) * 2018-04-05 2019-10-10 United Technologies Corporation Multi-plane brush seal
US11035470B2 (en) * 2018-04-05 2021-06-15 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Multi-plane brush seal

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