FR2731029A1 - Folded sheet metal roofing panel for buildings e.g. industrial buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The sheet metal roofing panel is constituted by a plane principal part whose side edges are arranged to form male (102) and complementary female (103) rabbets. The male rabbet has a main flexible portion (105) ended by an upwards folded edge (106) with an upper support edge (107) which compresses a sealing band. This main flexible portion has an indentation (105.1) which allows an angular clearance for forming a draining chamber (114). The female rabbet has a fitting (110) withdrawn from its vertical edge (109) which receives the end edge of the male rabbet. The female rabbet support portion is connected to the fitting which fixes the roof element (100) by a fixing screw (50). Beyond the main part of the male rabbet is a vertical edge (104) in the end of which is connected a portion (105) forming the bottom of a flow chute (G).

Description

 The invention relates to the production of building roofs, and more specifically of tertiary, administrative or industrial buildings, these roofs being produced by means of roofing elements of the folded sheet panel type which are juxtaposed edge to edge to form a roof.

 Roofing elements made of folded sheet steel, steel or aluminum are a quick and economical way of making building roofs, and these elements are more aesthetic than corrugated fiber cement panels of old techniques.

 Roof elements made of folded sheet metal are already known which consist of a ribbed main part, the lateral edges of which are folded to allow leaktight mutual overlap with the respective edges of the adjacent panels.

 As such, it should be noted that the roof elements are radically different from the cladding elements used as facade cladding, in particular insofar as the required waterproofing is in no way comparable: for facade cladding, we are satisfied with '' waterproofing, while for roofs, airtightness is required in addition, which requires designing a suitable structure accordingly. We can for example refer to documents US-A-S, 212,914, US-A3,603,057, CH-A-518,429 and DE-A-29 17,025.

 Roofing elements of this type are thus known, with a ribbed main part, the lateral edges of which have a wavy or U-shaped profile, arranged in such a way that the edges of the adjacent elements are superimposable.

With such a superimposed connection, the corrugated edges concerned overlap frontally (that is to say vertically in situ), and a strip of joint is sandwiched so as to be compressed when these superimposed edges are tightened, this tightening being produced during the fixing of the roof element on the support structure concerned (in general frame profiles or purlins). The fixing is carried out from the outside, after having placed the roof element in its final position, with direct superposition of the lateral edges concerned, by means of self-drilling screws arranged at the level of wave tops or ribs of the panel. Such roofing elements are generally called "dry trays", to differentiate them from elements of the sandwich type constituted by the same panel internally coated with an insulation foam forming a barrier to condensation.

 These roof elements are unattractive, insofar as their main part is ribbed and the fixing members are visible (screw heads and external washers).

This drawback is even more marked when the building concerned has facade cladding elements which are flat and whose fasteners are often hidden, because the transition in the upper part of the facade is only more visible.
One could naturally try to remedy this drawback in part, by providing a flat main part, but the reduction in the panel's own rigidity would then prevent correct compression of the joint strip sandwiched between the two superimposed edges, resulting in a significant loss of seal quality. We could also try to hide the fasteners after the installation of the roofing elements, but this would require the use of inserts which should be fixed by gluing or clipping, so that such a solution would be complex and especially expensive.

Document US-A-4,244,151 describes a roofing element of the folded sheet panel type, consisting of a flat main part, the lateral edges of which are folded in order to allow leaktight overlap with the respective edges of the adjacent panels, these lateral edges being arranged. to respectively form a male rebate and a complementary female rebate, said female rebate comprising a recessed interlocking portion in which engages the male rebate of the adjacent roofing element by compressing a strip of seal, thus a supporting portion connecting to it used for fixing the roofing element to a support structure. The adjacent roofing elements are snapped by lugs at their facing rebates, and another strip of joint is compressed between the upper front edges of the rebates. Such an arrangement is complex, and the seal between adjacent elements risks being imperfect and / or not very durable due to dimensional inaccuracies and aging of the joint strips.
The object of the invention is therefore to produce a more efficient roofing element, making it possible to obtain an exterior aesthetic comparable to that of the cladding elements used in facade cladding, while providing, once installed, a waterproofing against the water and air that is both reliable and durable.

 The object of the invention is also to produce a roofing element which is both quick and easy to install, while guaranteeing the obtaining of an appropriate compression of the joint strip ensuring the sealing between adjacent elements.

 It is more particularly a roofing element of the folded sheet panel type, consisting of a flat main part, the lateral edges of which are folded to allow leaktight mutual overlap with the respective edges of the adjacent panels, these lateral edges being arranged. to respectively form a male rebate and a complementary female rebate, said female rebate comprising a recessed nesting portion in which engages the male rebate of the adjacent roofing element by compressing a strip of seal, thus a supporting portion connecting thereto used for fixing the roofing element to a support structure, said male and female rebates being arranged in such a way that the adjacent roofing elements are joined to a hollow joint to constitute flow troughs, characterized in that the male rebate has a flexible main portion ending with an edge folded upwards, so as to present an upper bearing edge used to compress the sealing strip against an internal face of the fitting portion of the female rebate of the adjacent roofing element, the flexible main portion of the male rebate and / or the support portion of the female rebate being further arranged so that said flexible main portion extends away from said support portion, in order to allow a certain angular movement for the border of the male rebate.

 Thus, unlike roofing elements of the type described in document US-A4,244,151, the joint strip is perfectly compressed, thanks to the application force available. In addition, the elastic reserve guarantees the maintenance of good compression, by overcoming the problems of dimensional tolerances or aging of the joint.

 According to a particular embodiment, the bearing portion of the female rabbet is essentially rectilinear, while the main flexible portion of the male rabbet has a recess, so as to allow the desired angular movement and to define a draining chamber. As a variant, the main flexible portion of the male rebate is essentially rectilinear, while the bearing portion of the female rebate has a recess, so as to allow the desired angular movement and to define a draining chamber.

 Advantageously then, an additional seal strip is disposed between the flexible main portion of the male rebate and the bearing portion of the female rebate, in the vicinity of the corresponding recess.

 Provision may also be made for the edge of the male rebate to consist of a raised edge ending in a return which constitutes the upper bearing edge used to compress the strip of seal against the internal face of the female rebate, or alternatively that this border is constituted by a polygonal profile having an upper facet which constitutes the upper bearing edge used to compress the strip of seal against the internal face of the female rebate.

 Preferably, the sealing strip associated with the internal face of the female rebate is made of a material with a high compressibility rate, in particular a polyester foam impregnated with bitumen or a polyurethane foam, and the associated additional sealing strip. the support portion of the female rebate is made of elastomer such as EPDM. Advantageously then the female rebate is previously fitted with its seal strip or strips before the male rebate of the adjacent roofing element is engaged.

 It is also interesting that the bearing portion of the female rabbet ends with a raised edge to form an additional internal neck of drainage.

 Finally, provision may be made for the main part to be covered, on the inside, with a thickness of insulation foam, in particular an injected polyurethane foam. Preferably then, the insulation foam also extends inside the bearing portion of the female rebate which is made hollow for this purpose.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly in the light of the description which follows and of the appended drawings, relating to a particular embodiment, with reference to the figures in which:
- Figure 1 illustrates in perspective a part of the roof made with roofing elements according to the invention, this roofing having a continuity of appearance and external profile with a facade cladding made by means of flat cladding elements
- Figure 2 illustrates in section the above-mentioned roof part, the roof elements of which are fixed to an I-shaped purlin, with lateral interlocking of their respective rebates
- Figure 3 illustrates in section, on a larger scale, a roofing element of the aforementioned type, already fixed, and the male rebate of the adjacent element already in place
- Figure 4 illustrates in perspective a part of the roof made with other roof elements according to the invention, the main part of which is covered internally with a thickness of insulation foam (here forming both an internal anti-condensation coating and internal stiffener)
- Figure 5 is a section on a larger scale of the interlocking zone of this variant of the roof element, with lateral interlocking of the respective rebates of the adjacent roof elements.

FIG. 1 illustrates in perspective a part of the roof T of a building B, the facade F of which is produced by planar cladding elements 12 defining between them passages or troughs 14 arranged in vertical planes. There is in the figure a gantry cross member 10, which is arranged in a vertical plane, with on this cross member a plurality of purlins 11 in I, on which are fixed, by means of screws 50, roof elements 100 which are made in accordance with the invention, these elements being joined to a hollow joint so as to constitute drainage channels G. In the present case, the upper part of the cladding elements 12 envelops the upper edge of the facade so as to form a start roof, and to hide the built-in gutter 13 which is provided here, such an arrangement naturally constituting only an example. The roof elements 100 are of the folded sheet panel type, and they are constituted by a main part which is flat to form a flat roof cladding, the lateral edges of each panel being folded to allow a sealed mutual overlap with the respective edges of the adjacent panels. As an indication, such a panel may have a length of up to 8 meters for a minimum slope of 10%, the width being for example chosen in a range going from 300 to 500 mm. The fasteners 50 which can be distinguished in FIG. 1 are those which are associated with a roofing element free from an adjacent element, because, as will be seen below, the structure of the roofing element allows, among other things, to hide the associated fastening elements. intermediate 15 in
Z, itself bolted to an associated fault 11 in I.

 The section of FIG. 2 shows that the main part 101 is essentially flat, and that its lateral edges are arranged to respectively form a male rebate 102 and a complementary female rebate 103 designed for mutual interlocking by lateral engagement of the lateral edges concerned . In this case, the lateral edges of the adjacent roof elements are fitted in a lateral direction, in contrast to the direct superimposition often encountered for roof elements of the prior art. next, the female rabbet 103 comprises a recessed fitting portion intended to receive on an internal face a strip of seal 51, as well as a bearing portion used for fixing and receiving on an external face a strip additional seal 52, so that the engagement of the male rebate of the adjacent roof element can in no way be effected by superposition of the side edges concerned.

 Such mutual interlocking by lateral engagement of the additional rebates is advantageous, insofar as it makes it possible on the one hand to compress the seal strip 51 by a flexible portion of the male rebate, therefore with elastic reserve, without requiring a high own rigidity of the main part of the panel. This makes it possible to produce this main part in a planar manner, that is to say without stiffening ribs, and also to hide the fixing members 50 associated with the roofing elements 100.

 Figure 3 provides a better understanding of the particular structure of a roofing element according to the invention, and in particular the arrangement of its male rebates 102 and female 103 which allow mutual interlocking by lateral engagement of the lateral edges concerned.

 The female rebate 103 comprises, set back with respect to its vertical edge 109, a fitting portion 110 intended to receive the end edge of the male rebate 102 of the adjacent roofing element. The female rebate 103 also comprises a support portion 111 connecting to the fitting portion 110, this support portion serving for fixing the roofing element 100 on the associated support structure 11, by means of a fixing member 50, such as a self-drilling screw or better a so-called double sealing screw equipped with its two washers coated with flexible material. The male rebate 102 is in turn arranged to be able to engage in the fitting portion 110 of the female rebate 103, by covering the bearing portion 111 to hide the associated fixing members 50 when this adjacent roof element is The male rabbet 102 thus comprises, beyond its flat main part 101, a vertical edge 104 at the end of which is connected a portion 105 forming the bottom of the flow chute G thus defined when the adjacent roof elements are joined together in accordance with a hollow joint arrangement.

The portion 105 of the male rebate 102 extends to a raised edge 106 ending in a return 107.

 I1 is further provided a sealing strip 51, and, in accordance with an important characteristic of the invention, this sealing strip is disposed against an internal face 112 of the fitting portion 110 of the female rebate 103 , said sealing strip then being compressed by the upper bearing edge of the male rebate 102, which upper bearing edge is here constituted by the aforementioned return 107. In addition, it can be seen that the main portion 105 has a step 105.1, so as to extend at a distance from the bearing portion 111 of the female rebate 103. This arrangement is extremely advantageous, insofar as it makes it possible to on the one hand to allow a certain angular movement for the edge 106 of the male rebate 102, which achieves a reliable and durable compression of the joint strip 51 thanks to the elastic reserve thus available, and on the other hand to constitute a chamber draining 114 for channeling the liquid which would have crossed the barrier formed by the sealing strip 51. In practice, the dimensioning of the male rebates 102 and female 103 will be chosen so that the vertical edge 106 of the male rebate 102 is slightly spaced from the vertical edge of the fitting portion 110 of the female rebate 103 when the adjacent roofing elements are put in place, so as to avoid any r risk of jamming interfering with the free angular movement of the end edge of the male rebate. The main portion 105 of the male rebate 102 thus performs a triple function, first constituting the bottom of the flow chute G, and then forming a flexible blade achieving the desired compression of the sealing strip 51 by the upper support edge 107. This flexible main portion 105 finally delimits the inner draining chamber 114.

 In this case, the bearing portion 111 of the female rebate 103 is essentially rectilinear, while the main flexible portion 105 of the male rebate 102 has the abovementioned recess 105.1, but it goes without saying that we can provide in variant a flexible main portion 105 rectilinear and a support portion 111 arranged with a recess, so as to allow the desired angular movement and to define an inner draining chamber. Such a possibility will moreover be taken up in the variant which will be described later with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

 It is also advantageous, to improve the clamping and the sealing, to provide an additional seal strip 52 disposed between the main flexible portion 105 of the male rebate 102 and the bearing portion 111 of the female rebate 103 , in the vicinity of the corresponding offset 105.1. This additional seal strip 52 still performs the sealing function if the main strip 51 were to be defective.

 When a roof element 100 is fixed by its fixing members 50 to the associated support structure, the positioning of the adjacent roof element is carried out by bringing the male rebate of this adjacent element to the bottom of the female rebate of the roof element already fixed, and by sliding this adjacent roof element in the direction of the roof element already fixed, so that the upper bearing edge 107 comes to compress the strip of gasket 51. This joint strip can be glued against the internal face 112 of the fitting portion of the female rebate 103, or as a variant glued to the outside of the return 107 of the male rebate 102. In practice, it appears more convenient to provide that the female rebate 103 is previously equipped with its strips of seals 51, 52 before the engagement of the male rebate 102 of the adjacent roofing element. Preferably, in order to avoid any risk of tearing of the sealing strip 51 during the fitting of the male rebate 102, the operator will have every interest in carrying out a fitting bias so as to compress the joint strip by progressive pivoting rather than sliding parallel to its bearing surface.

 In practice, a material with a high compressibility rate, for example a rate of 75%, such as a polyester foam impregnated with bitumen or a polyurethane foam, will preferably be chosen for the sealing strip 51. When the adjacent roofing element is put in place, a strip of seal 51 is obtained which is compressed to three quarters of its thickness. It is interesting to note that the seal strip 51 is perfectly protected by the vertical flange 109 of the female rebate 103, which avoids any risk of premature aging with ultraviolet light. For the additional sealing strip 52, an elastomer such as an EPDM will preferably be chosen.

 As can be seen in FIG. 3, the bearing portion 111 of the female rebate 103 finally has a raised edge 113 which delimits, with the adjacent vertical edge of the male rebate 102 of the adjacent roof element, a chute internal GI secondary drainage. Indeed, in the case where water manages to infiltrate beyond the additional sealing strip 52, then this liquid would necessarily arrive in the lower chute GI which makes it possible to easily obtain drainage, without risk of faulty sealing or premature corrosion. FIG. 3 also shows that the fixing screws 50 of the double sealing type are completely hidden from the outside once the adjacent roof element has been installed. Thus, aesthetically, once the roof elements have been installed, a roof is obtained with perfectly flat main parts, and non-visible fixing members, which makes it possible to obtain a continuity of appearance and external profile with flat cladding elements constituting the facade facing.

 Figures 4 and 5 show another embodiment of the roof element according to the invention. The roof elements 200 have a certain number of structural characteristics which correspond to those of the roof element 100 previously described, so that identical or homologous members have been assigned the same references increased by 100, and will not be again described.

 The roof element 200 differs from the previous one by the presence of a thickness 215 of insulation foam covering, on the inside, the main part 201 of this element. Such a thickness of foam conventionally makes it possible to obtain a very useful anti-condensation action. However, thanks to a judicious choice of insulation foam, it is possible to obtain an additional mechanical reinforcement function. In this case, the thickness 215 forms an internal anti-condensation coating and also an internal stiffener for the roof element 200.

For example, one can choose an injected polyurethane insulation foam, whose density is of the order of 50 kg / m3. The advantage of the additional stiffening function lies in the possibility of obtaining roofing elements whose width can greatly exceed 300 mm, while being able to easily reach a value of 1000 mm.

 The male rebate 202 of the roofing element 200 has a flexible main portion 205 which is here rectilinear, and which ends in an edge 206 here constituted by a polygonal profile having an upper facet 207 which constitutes the upper bearing edge serving compressing the seal strip 51 against the internal face 212 of the female rebate 203. As before, there is a certain angular clearance for the edge 206 of the male rebate 202, insofar as the bearing portion 211 of the female rebate 203 has a recess 211.1, which allows the desired angular movement to be authorized, while defining a draining chamber 214. The double arrow 300 is there to symbolize this angular movement, with the elastic reserve which it represents for the compression of the seal strip 51. As before, there is an additional seal strip 52 which is disposed between the flexible main portion 205 and the support portion 211, in the vicinity of the recess 211.1.

 It can be seen that the thickness of insulation foam 215 extends into the hollow parts of the female rebate 203, that is to say the upper part 215.1 of the fitting portion 210 and the lower part 215.2 corresponding to the internal volume of the support portion 211 which is made hollow for this purpose. The same goes for the male rebate 202, which includes an extension of the thickness of insulation foam in the upper part of this, denoted 215.3.

 The arrangement of the support portion 211 differs appreciably from that of the previously described variant, insofar as there is an inclined edge 213 forming an additional internal trough GI for drainage, which edge is crossed by the fixing screws 50.

 A support joint strip 216 has also been provided here, for example an adhesive strip on one side, made of elastomeric material such as EPDM. This last strip has no compulsory character, and one can very well decide to leave a clearance of 2 to 3 mm.

 As for the previous variant, the main portion 205 of the male rebate 202 and the bearing edge 207 of its polygonal rim 206 form a pressing lever used to compress the strip of seal 51 reliably and durably.

 In practice, each roof element having such a thickness of insulation foam will be coated on all of its faces and all of its wall edges which are preferably pre-coated sheet metal walls.

 In FIGS. 4 and 5, the roofing elements 200 are fixed, by double sealing screws 50, to a purlin 15 in Z, but this naturally only constitutes an example.

 As regards the dimensioning of the roof elements 200, they may have a length of the order of 8 meters, and, insofar as the thickness of the insulation foam confers sufficient mechanical stiffening (for example a thickness d '' about 30 mm with a polyurethane foam of the aforementioned type), have a width extending in a range from 300 to 1000mm.

 In practice, the roof elements described above can be made of steel or prepainted aluminum, or even stainless steel.

 The invention is not limited to the embodiments which have just been described, but on the contrary encompasses any variant, incorporating with equivalent means, the essential characteristics set out above.

Claims (12)

 1. Roofing element, of the folded sheet panel type, consisting of a flat main part, the lateral edges of which are folded in order to allow leaktight mutual overlap with the respective edges of the adjacent panels, these lateral edges being arranged to respectively form a male rebate and a complementary female rebate, said female rebate comprising a recessed fitting portion into which the male rebate of the adjacent roofing element engages by compressing a strip of sealing gasket, as well as a portion of support connected to it used for fixing the roofing element to a support structure, said male and female rebates being arranged in such a way that the adjacent roofing elements are joined to a hollow joint to form drainage spouts, characterized in that the male rebate (102; 202) has a flexible main portion (105; 205) ending in an edge (106; 206) folded upward, so as to present an upper bearing edge (107 207) used to compress the sealing strip (51) against an internal face (112; 212) of the fitting portion of the female rebate (103; 203) of the adjacent roof element, the main flexible portion (105 205) of the male rebate and / or the bearing portion (111 211) of the female rebate being further arranged so that said flexible main portion extends away from said bearing portion, in order to allow a certain angular movement for the edge (106; 206) of the male rebate.  2. Roofing element according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing portion (111) of the female rebate (103) is essentially rectilinear, while the main flexible portion (105) of the male rebate (102) has a step (105.1), so as to allow the desired angular movement and to define a draining chamber (114).  3. Roofing element according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible main portion (205) of the male rebate (202) is essentially rectilinear, while the bearing portion (211) of the female rebate (203) has a step (211.1), so as to authorize the desired angular movement and to define a draining chamber (214).  4. Roofing element according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that an additional seal strip (52) is disposed between the flexible main portion (105; 205) of the male rebate (102; 202 ) and the bearing portion (111; 211) of the female rebate (103; 203), in the vicinity of the corresponding recess (105.1; 211.1).  5. Roofing element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the edge of the male rebate (102) is constituted by a raised edge (106) ending in a return (107) which constitutes the upper edge bearing used to compress the seal strip (51) against the internal face of the female rebate (103).  6. Roofing element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the edge of the male rebate (202) is constituted by a polygonal profile (206) having an upper facet (207) which constitutes the upper edge d 'support for compressing the seal strip (51) against the inner face of the female rebate (203).  7. Roofing element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sealing strip (51) associated with the internal face of the female rebate (103; 203) is made of a material with a compressibility rate high, in particular a polyester foam impregnated with bitumen or a polyurethane foam.  8. Roofing element according to claim 3 or claim 4, and one of claims 5 to 7 taken in dependence thereon, characterized in that the additional sealing strip (52) associated with the portion of support of the female rebate (103; 203) is made of an elastomer such as an EPDM.  9. Roofing element according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that the female rebate (103; 203) is previously fitted with its seal strip or strips (51, 52) before the engagement of the male rebate (102; 202) of the adjacent roof element.  10. Roofing element according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the bearing portion (111 211) of the female rebate (102; 202) ends in a raised edge (113; 213) to form an additional internal drainage chute (GI).  11. Roofing element according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the main part (201) is covered, on the inside, with a thickness (215; 215.1, 215.3) of insulation foam, in particular injected polyurethane foam.  12. Roofing element according to claim 11, characterized in that the insulation foam also extends (215.2) inside the bearing portion (211) of the female rebate (203) which is made hollow for this purpose.