FR2726073A1 - DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DISTRIBUTING COMBUSTION AIR IN HEATING INSTALLATIONS, PARTICULARLY WITH SOLID FUELS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a supply air distribution device (17) for the combustion air of heating installations (1). This device comprises a combustion chamber (3) consisting of a bottom plate (8), a cover plate (7) and a jacket (9). A loading opening (14) of the fuels (56) with a door (15) is provided. A flue gas channel is connected to an interior space of the jacket (9). A supply air guide device (21) is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber between a side wall (10, 11) and the interior space (60) and present in a longitudinal direction extending parallel to the base plate (8) several passage openings (49, 50) spaced or offset in height for the supplied air. The invention is particularly applicable in the field of the construction of heating installations.

Description

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  The invention relates to a device for distributing the air supplied for the combustion air of heating installations, in particular solid fuels, such as wood or the like, with a combustion chamber which is constituted by a bottom plate of combustion chamber, a combustion chamber cover plate which extends parallel to each other and a combustion chamber jacket formed by a hollow cylinder and, respectively, a hollow prism and with an opening loading fuel, which is formed in the jacket of the combustion chamber, and with a combustion chamber door to close if necessary this loading opening and with a flue gas channel which is connected to a interior space of the combustion chamber liner, and with a device for guiding the supplied air, as well as a method for supplying the combustion air into the combustion chamber of a heating installation, notammen t for solid fuels such as wood or the like which leads to a combustion chamber, which is formed by a combustion chamber bottom plate, a combustion chamber covering plate, which extend parallel l '' to one another and by a combustion chamber liner formed by a hollow cylinder and, respectively a hollow prism, by a device for distributing air supplied in adjustable quantities, to the fuel of the air supplied as air primary, and between this and a smoke gas outlet from the air supplied as secondary air for the post-combustion of the still combustible constituents of the gases

smoke.

  Various devices for distributing supplied air are already known for heating installations. In the supplied air distribution device known by German patent 44 03 615, the heating installation has a combustion chamber which consists of a tubular jacket and, respectively a hollow parallelepiped, a bottom of the chamber combustion chamber and a combustion chamber cover plate, as well as a gas exhaust

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  smoke. To load the fuel, a loading opening has been made in the jacket of the combustion chamber which can be closed by means of a combustion chamber door. In the interior space surrounded by the combustion chamber, there is disposed at a side wall a supplied air channel which has at least one exhaust opening oriented against the bottom of the combustion chamber and which is connected by openings as well as, if necessary, supply air channels arranged in front of these openings in the jacket of the combustion chamber, with the installation of a supply air regulation device, with the ambient air. It is also possible that the supplied air distribution channel is disposed on the inside of a combustion chamber door. The supplied air distribution device comprises, apart from the supplied air distribution channel and, where appropriate, the supplied air regulation device, a supplied air guide device placed and supported on the bottom of the enclosure. combustion by part of the base. On this part of the base, there is disposed at a certain distance from the side wall of the jacket of the combustion chamber and, respectively from the door of the combustion chamber, a partition wall extending in the direction of the combustion chamber cover plate. Between the partition wall and the jacket of the combustion chamber and, respectively, the door of the combustion chamber is formed an air distribution channel which, in the vicinity of the bottom of the combustion chamber, is connected by a hole in the interior of the combustion chamber. The partition wall is therefore arranged with its lower edge oriented towards the bottom of the combustion chamber in the vertical direction at a certain distance above the base part and is connected by vertical support elements. At the base part, there is also arranged a bottom conductive plate which extends in the direction of the cover plate of the combustion chamber and which is inclined relative to the outer jacket at an increasing distance relative to the bottom of the

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  the combustion chamber to the interior space of the combustion chamber. Thus, the air supplied by the supply air distribution channel, which is cold compared to the flue gases to the interior space of the combustion chamber can descend in the manner of an air curtain along from the side wall to the area of the air guiding device supplied and is brought there during the subsequent heating as a result of the different draft between the central zone of the combustion chamber and the edge zones thereof along the side walls in the fuel combustion zone. This has certainly made it possible, during the arrangement of the air guiding device brought in the vicinity of a combustion chamber door with anti-fog windows, to prevent the deposition of combustible components on the interior side of the combustion chamber door. combustion chamber, however the proportion of harmful substances in the exhaust gases was still

relatively high.

  Furthermore, it has already been proposed to provide a primary and secondary air regulation device combined in the vicinity of the ash drawer according to the published German patent application 39 03 739, in which, depending on the position of the regulation device, some of the fresh air supplied has been routed through distribution channels in the area above the combustion chamber doors to fall from there into the combustion chamber. Such air supply systems have proven themselves, however a uniform distribution of the air supplied, in particular secondary air in the vicinity of the grate plate in heating installations, which have views from above, a circular, polygonal or rectangular cross section has still not been ensured, especially when the side walls had lengths

very different sides.

  The present invention therefore relates to the creation of a device for distributing supplied air in which a supply of combustion air into the combustion zone of the combustion material is improved and where a

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  uniform combustion with reduced emission of

harmful materials.

  This object is achieved according to the invention in that the air guiding device is arranged in the vicinity of a combustion chamber bottom between a side wall of the combustion chamber and the interior space of the combustion chamber and that it has in a longitudinal direction extending parallel to the combustion chamber bottom plate several passage openings spaced from each other and / or offset in height for the supplied air. Due to the provision of passage openings offset laterally and / or in height for this supplied air, a spatial distribution of the supplied air can take place in the combustion chamber, and parts of the air can be used. which usually flow from areas from which the supplied air is used to supply

  secondary air, as primary air.

  However, another further development is also advantageous which makes it possible to independently achieve the aforementioned object by the fact that the device for guiding the supplied air, for deflecting the air supplied along the side wall in the direction of the plate bottom of the combustion space is formed on several zones in the interior space of the combustion chamber, arranged in the direction of the periphery of the combustion chamber jacket and / or perpendicular to the bottom plate of the chamber of combustion at different heights. A cascade distribution of the air supplied to the fuel combustion zone is thus obtained, which makes it possible to obtain a uniformly distributed air supply over the entire combustion zone which allows immediate ignition of the combustible gases leaving the combustible fuels. '' a sufficient share and supply of

  oxygen for the complete combustion of these on the other hand.

  This allows at the same time that the primary ignitions of combustible gases are ensured in the vicinity of the supply of secondary air so that post-combustion is ensured

  in the vicinity of the secondary air supply.

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  According to an advantageous alternative embodiment, it is arranged in a direction perpendicular to a bottom plate of the combustion chamber, above and at a certain distance from the device for guiding the supplied air, a guide channel for distributing the air supplied over a width of the side wall extending parallel to the bottom plate of the combustion chamber. This allows a central intake of the supplied air which allows both a intake of the supplied air as secondary air and also as primary air, and by skillfully taking advantage of the physical characteristics of the air, the temperature control of the air supplied is

possible in a simple way.

  According to another advantageous development, the device for guiding the supplied air has a transverse distribution channel open in the direction of the cover plate of the combustion chamber which is connected by passage openings formed parallel to the bottom plate of the combustion chamber and / or perpendicular thereto at a certain distance from the interior space of the combustion chamber. This makes it possible to distribute the air brought down along the side wall as an air curtain without mechanical drives to different areas of the space.

  inside the combustion chamber.

  According to an alternative embodiment, a regulating flap and, respectively, regulating devices are associated with the passage openings, which allows fine adjustment of the air flows in the different zones of the combustion chamber in which, for example after the switching on the heating system, the amount of air supplied to the different areas of the interior space of

  the combustion chamber can be adjusted and adjusted.

  According to an advantageous development, the regulating flap and, respectively, the regulating device are coupled to an adjustment device which are connected to a control device which is connected if necessary to at least one measurement sensor arranged for example in the enclosure. of combustion to detect the temperature and / or

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  gases and / or flow velocity, because in this way, during the heating operation, the air supplied can be optimally distributed in parts of air

primary and / or secondary air.

  Advantageously, the supply air distribution device has a supply air guide device arranged and supported on the bottom of the combustion chamber and which has a partition wall which is located in the vicinity of the plate bottom of the combustion chamber at a distance which can be determined in advance from the side wall and which extends at least over part of a width and, respectively, of a periphery of the side wall and, respectively of the jacket of the combustion chamber. This supply air distribution device is characterized in that a lower edge of the separation wall of the supply air guide device oriented towards the bottom plate of the combustion chamber extends at a distance of height which can be determined in advance above the bottom plate of the combustion chamber and, respectively of the bearing surface and is connected to at least one support rod extending transversely, in particular perpendicular to its length which is supported in the combustion chamber and, respectively which is housed thereon and / or the furnace body, and in that there is disposed between the support rods a bottom guide plate which s extends from the base part or a bearing surface of the air guiding device supplied to provide support at the bottom of the combustion chamber in the direction of the partition wall, and in that, at least in the vicinity of the oppo frontal end zones seated to each other of the partition wall, passage openings are made in the bottom guide plate. This solution has the advantage that now at least part of the combustion air supplied which descends into the zone of the

  bottom of the combustion chamber is guided slightly

  above the bottom of the combustion chamber in the direction of the circumference of the jacket of the combustion chamber to the side

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  inside the jacket of the combustion chamber and enters, according to the prevailing vacuum and temperature conditions, according to a distribution in the combustion zone of the fuel and thus contributes to combustion. At the same time, part of the supplied air which descends along the inner surface of the jacket of the combustion chamber in the direction of the supplied air guide device is drawn due to the faster heating in the layers of air oriented towards the combustion zone, before entering the air distribution channel supplied between the partition wall and the jacket of the combustion chamber, in the combustion zone of combustible gases and contributes thereto the complete combustion of combustible gases which have not yet burned. The surprising advantage of this solution is that, because of this targeted supply of air into the gasification zone, the proportion of combustible gases which have not completely burned, in particular nitrogen oxides, can be reduced. to the point that the air brought into the combustion zone of the combustible gases is sufficient to obtain combustion

  almost complete and poor in harmful substances from these gases.

  In addition, due to this allocation of the device for guiding the supplied air, the combustible gases leaving the front sides of the fuel, directly after their exit, are well mixed with the oxygen supplied by the supplied air, which makes it possible to get early ignition and combustion if

  possible complete outgoing combustible gas.

  A simple orientation and positioning of the air guiding device obtained is obtained by the fact that the support rods and / or the bottom guide plate bear or are formed on a part of the base or a

  bearing surface of the air guide device.

  According to a further development of the invention, the device for guiding the supplied air or parts of it bear or are formed on a side part and / or a combustion chamber door and / or a bottom plate of the combustion chamber, which allows adaptation

  simple to different construction requests.

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  According to another embodiment of the invention, the partition wall in a plane perpendicular to its longitudinal axis is inclined towards the side wall further from the partition wall and forms with the bottom plate of the combustion chamber and , respectively the bearing surface an angle which is smaller than 900. It is thus possible to bring to a greater depth, by looking from the associated side wall, the air brought down as an air curtain in the distribution channel transverse. But at the same time it is ensured that in the case where the supplied air heats up too much when it passes along the partition wall and that the direction of flow is reversed and rises in the direction of the inner jacket of the enclosure. combustion, it cannot descend directly into the embers heap but is deflected by the inclination of the side wall in the area of the spikes of flame, so that by a momentary rise in the temperature of the combustion chamber, a reverse air flow will be used with a high probability

only as secondary air.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the partition wall is curved over its length between the two support rods, in particular in a convex shape, since account is thus taken of the increasing amount of air in the transverse distribution channel, without that an air discharge occurs, and on the other hand we can adapt to different shapes in cross section of

  the jacket of the combustion chamber.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a gap between an upper front edge of the partition wall and the side wall associated therewith and, respectively, the combustion chamber jacket is greater by a gap between a lower edge of the partition wall oriented towards the bottom plate of the combustion chamber and the side wall and, respectively, the combustion chamber jacket. Due to this embodiment of the partition wall it is possible to deflect the gases from

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  hot smoke from the air curtain flowing in such a way as to prevent or reduce excessively rapid heating of the air supplied to the

near the air curtain.

  According to a further development of the invention, front front edges of the support rods oriented towards the side wall and, respectively, the door of the combustion chamber as well as the side wall opposite to them and, respectively, the door of the 'combustion chamber and where appropriate the bottom of the combustion chamber define a front outlet of a supply air guide channel formed between the supply air guide device and the side wall. This allows a simple distribution of the air supplied over a larger area of the cross section

of the combustion chamber.

  According to an alternative embodiment, the bottom plate, in the vicinity of an upper edge oriented towards the partition wall is connected to a longitudinal edge of a conductive cover plate oriented preferably parallel to the base part and / or following an angle to the bottom conductive plate and projecting towards the lower edge of the partition wall which is connected by its other longitudinal edge opposite to the lower edge of the partition wall. Because of this embodiment, it is possible to simply adjust the speed of flow of the air supplied by the air curtain and to be distributed over

  the heap of embers and, respectively, the combustion chamber.

  According to an advantageous development of the invention, the longitudinal edge connected to the bottom conductive plate of the conductive cover plate projects in the direction of the partition wall and on the front edge of the partition wall, and it thus happens that '' the smallest possible part of the supplied air can flow from the area of the supplied air guide device against the steering

  influx into the combustion chamber.

  According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, at least one passage opening on the side facing the bottom conductive plate is delimited by a side cheek

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  oriented approximately parallel to the support rods, which allows better guidance of the parts of the air brought in the vicinity of the embers because by means of the side cheek an exact orientation of the air flow can be carried out on different zones ember pile. In the case of ovens with a higher power, an alternative embodiment according to the invention may be advantageous according to which it is arranged in the vicinity of the passage openings in the conductive cover plate at least one recess, than preferably a

  part of the conductive cover plate is removed.

  We can thus simply bring not only to the base embers area, also to the fuel gasification area, but also to the primary ignition area,

  parts of the supplied air acting as primary air.

  According to a further development of the invention, the lateral cheeks opposite one another, being at the greatest distance, extend at least between the conductive cover plate and, respectively in the extension thereof and the upper edge away from the interior space of the bottom conductive plate or cover it, which allows to direct in a way

appropriate the air supplied.

  According to another advantageous embodiment, the passages between the support rods of the partition wall and the base part are provided with roundings, and the passages between the partition wall, the covering conductive plate and the bottom conductive plate are provided with rounding. This prevents swirling of the air brought into the transition zone between the support rods and the partition wall and, respectively, the partition wall and the conductive cover plate and,

respectively substantive.

  According to one embodiment of the invention, the support rods, the partition wall and the bottom conductive plate, in a top view on the base part, are arranged inside the delimitation

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  outside of it, by which we exclude the formation of vortex flow of the air brought in the vicinity of

the combustion chamber.

  A simple distribution can be obtained between the air supplied by the passage openings and the air supplied by the air guide channels by means of an alternative embodiment which provides that a lower side of the passage openings is disposed at a certain distance above the base part. Better guidance of the supplied air can be achieved by placing a rod in the vicinity of the passage openings.

  air guide protruding from the base portion.

  According to an alternative embodiment, a transverse distribution channel is provided, consisting of the base part, the bottom conducting plate and the covering conducting plate is delimited in the front end zones opposite to each other by the support rods and that these extend at least over part of the cross-sectional area of this transverse distribution channel. There is thus obtained by the cooperation of the transverse distribution channel with the support rods a corresponding air discharge before the passage of the air supplied through the passage openings which allows greater heating of the air supplied in the vicinity of gasification, by which the gasification of the fuel is carried out with smaller amounts of harmful materials and thus at the same time the reduction in resistance

  chemical and, respectively, resistance to combustion.

  According to another alternative embodiment, the passage openings are arranged at a longitudinal distance inside the support strips, which makes it possible to more advantageously convey the air descending into the edge area of the curtain d in the side areas

of the combustion chamber.

  According to another embodiment of the invention, the passage openings are arranged in the bottom conductive plate and that it is disposed above at least

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  an additional passage opening, which allows the intake promoting combustion on several levels and the spatially distributed introduction of the air supplied to

  the interior space of the combustion chamber.

  According to another advantageous embodiment, the passage opening is delimited by the longitudinal edge, the bottom conducting plate and the lower edge of the partition wall, which allows simple guidance of the air supplied.

  in the embers heap areas.

  A uniform inflow of air brought to two different levels in height in the heap of embers is made possible by a further development of the invention according to which the passage opening extends continuously between the two support rods furthest from each other from the air guide device and is made of

preferably in the form of a slit.

  According to another embodiment of the invention, at least the air guide channel and the passage openings are arranged at a different distance relative to the bottom plate of the combustion chamber. It is thus possible to convey the air in accordance with a multistage combustion in an advantageous manner by a distribution over the different

combustion zones.

  Finally, according to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a gap between a front edge of the supply air guide device and a bearing surface and, respectively, a height of the supply air guide device corresponds

  at least up to a heap of embers at the established regime.

  This prevents direct entry of parts of primary air over the height of the heap of embers and, respectively, basic embers thereby preventing a disturbance of the operation of

multistage combustion.

  Finally, the invention also relates to the method according to which an adjustable quantity of air supplied from the surrounding air is taken and passed through the combustion chamber in the vicinity of the flue gas outlet and, respectively to a flue gas deflection unit on

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  part of the width of a side wall as a laminar flow in the manner of an air curtain, and in that after the heating and expansion of the air supplied, it is collected in the vicinity from the bottom of the combustion chamber and is then brought into zones distributed in height and / or around the periphery of the combustion chamber. This process is advantageous in that due to the formation of an air curtain and the supply of the secondary and primary air parts from an upper zone of the combustion chamber, therefore for example at in the vicinity of the combustion chamber cover plate, due to the physical data, in particular the different weight of the air at different temperatures, a uniform supply of air is obtained which brings in accordance with the respective conditions in the combustion chamber, as a result of a more or less strong heating and therefore an expansion of the air supplied, a corresponding part in air and therefore in oxygen for the post-combustion in the flame zone, while the rest supplied air can be arranged in the bottom zone of the combustion chamber, distributed over different zones of the combustion chamber, such as for example the gasification zone of the fuels on the periphery of the jacket of the combustion chamber and , respectively can be routed to the ignition zone of these combustible gases and to

  the main combustion zone of these.

  The invention will be better understood, and other aims, characteristics, details and advantages thereof

  will appear more clearly during the description

  Explanatory which will follow made with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings given solely by way of example illustrating embodiments of the invention, and in which: - Figure 1 shows a heating installation with the air distribution device supplied according to the invention in a front view and a simplified schematic representation;

14 2726073 - Figure 2 shows the combustion chamber of the installation of

  heating with the air guide device in a side view, in section, along lines II-II in Figure 1; - Figure 3 shows a part of the combustion chamber of the heating installation, according to Figure 2, with the air guiding device brought in a side view, in section, along lines III-III in Figure 1; - Figure 4 shows the combustion chamber of the heating installation in a top view, in section, along the lines IV-IV in Figure 1; - Figure 5 shows a part of the combustion chamber of the heating installation with the air guide device brought in a front view, in section, along the lines V-V in Figure 4; - Figure 6 shows a part of the combustion chamber at the transition point between the combustion chamber bottom plate and a side wall with an air guide channel for the subsequent guidance of the air supplied routed by the air guiding device brought in a front view, in section, along the lines VI-VI in FIG. 4 and in a simplified schematic representation; - Figure 7 shows another alternative embodiment of the air guide channel for air supplied from the air guide device in a front view, in section, and in a simplified schematic representation; - Figure 8 shows a heating installation according to another embodiment of the supplied air distribution device according to the invention in a front view and in a simplified schematic representation; - Figure 9 shows the combustion chamber of the heating installation with the air guide device supplied in a side view, in section, along the lines IX-IX in Figure 8; FIG. 10 represents a part of the combustion chamber of the heating installation, according to FIG. 9,

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  with the air guiding device brought in a side view, in section, along the lines X-X in FIG. 8; - Figure 11 shows a top view of the combustion chamber, according to Figures 8 to 10, in section, along lines XI-XI in Figure 8; - Figure 12 shows part of a combustion chamber of the heating device with another supply air guide device produced according to the invention in a top view and in a schematically simplified representation; - Figure 13 shows the combustion chamber according to Figure 12 in a front view, along arrow XIII in Figure 12; - Figure 14 shows the combustion chamber according to Figures 12 and 13, in a side view, in section, along the lines XIV-XIV in Figure 13; - Figure 15 shows the combustion chamber according to Figures 12 to 14, in a side view, in section, along lines XV-XV in Figure 13; FIG. 16 represents part of a combustion chamber of a heating installation with another alternative embodiment of the supplied air guide device produced in accordance with the invention by looking from inside the combustion chamber , in a simplified schematic representation; - Figure 17 shows a part of the combustion chamber according to Figure 16 in a side view, in section, along the lines XVII-XVII in Figure 16; - Figure 18 shows another embodiment of a supplied air guide device according to the invention in a front view and in a simplified schematic representation; - Figure 19 shows the air guide device supplied according to Figure 18 in a top view and in a simplified schematic representation; - Figure 20 shows the arrangement of the air guide device supplied according to Figures 18 and 19 to

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  vicinity of two side walls of a combustion chamber opposite to each other, in a top view, in section, along lines XX- XX in Figure 21 and in a simplified schematic representation; - Figure 21 shows the combustion chamber of the heating installation according to Figure 20 in a front view, in section, along the lines XXI-XXI in the figure; FIG. 22 represents a part of a combustion chamber of the heating installation resembling that of FIG. 3, with a modified alternative embodiment of the air guide device brought in a side view, in section, along lines III-III in Figure 1; - Figure 23 shows an arrangement of an air guiding device brought into a combustion chamber of a heating installation in a top view, in section, along lines XXIII-XXIII in Figure 24 and, respectively Figure 25; - Figure 24 shows a part of the combustion chamber according to Figure 23 in a front view, in section, along the lines XXIV-XXIV in Figure 23; - Figure 25 shows a part of a combustion chamber in a front view, in section, along the lines XXV-XXV in Figure 23; and - Figure 26 shows another embodiment of a heating installation in a top view, in section, with control devices shown

  schematically and a control device associated therewith

  ci for automatic and, respectively semi-automatic operation of the heating system in one view

simplified schematic.

  FIGS. 1 to 6 show a heating installation 1, in particular for solid fuels,

  such as logs, briquettes or the like.

  The heating installation 1 comprises an oven body 2 which is made partially in a combustion chamber 3 or

  in which such a combustion chamber is arranged 3.

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  The furnace body 2 is closed by a cover plate 4 and a bottom plate 5. Under the combustion chamber 3 a storage space 6 can be provided for the fuels,

especially wood.

  The combustion chamber 3 is delimited by a combustion chamber covering plate 7, a combustion chamber bottom plate 8 and a combustion chamber jacket 9 which is produced in the present case in the form of a prism. hollow, preferably of a cross section

  square and which consists of four side walls 10 -

  13. A loading opening 14 has been made in the side wall 10 which can be closed by a combustion chamber door 15. In the combustion chamber door 15, in this variant embodiment, a plate

  made of transparent glass 16 resistant to high temperatures.

  The combustion chamber 3 is equipped with a supply air distribution device 17 which has a supply air channel 19 which can be supplied in an adjustable manner with ambient air by a supply air regulation device 18, the channel being disposed on an inner side of the side wall 10 facing the combustion chamber 3 above the loading opening 14 and extends roughly over a

  width 20 of the loading opening 14.

  A device for guiding the supplied air 21 is placed and, respectively, bears on the bottom plate of the combustion chamber 8 and is made up of several individual parts, namely for example a base part 22, a partition wall 23, a bottom conductive plate 24 and support rods 25, 26 which are supported by the partition wall 23 on the base portion 22. The bottom conductive plate 24 is also supported on the

  base part 22 or is made in one piece with it

  this. The supplied air guide device 21 can be made in one piece as a molded part or by a welding construction or can be made up of several

individual parts.

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  As best seen in Figures 2 and 3, the partition wall 23 is arranged from an inner side 27 of the side wall 10 oriented towards the latter of the combustion chamber 3 at a distance 28 between 2 cm and 10 cm, preferably between 5 cm and 8 cm, and a longitudinal axis 29 of the base part 22 is oriented approximately parallel to the side wall 10. On the base part 22 are supported at least two rods of support, 26 arranged in the front end zones 30, 31 thereof, roughly parallel to or at an angle to a plane 32 oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 29 and / or are connected to them or well formed on the base part 22 and extend from the base part 22 in the direction of the enclosure cover plate of

combustion 7.

  On these support strips 25, 26, the partition wall 23 is supported and is retained so that a lower edge 33 oriented towards the base portion 22 is at a height distance 34 above a surface of background 35

of the base part 22.

  An inner surface 36 of the partition wall 23 forms with the base part 22 an angle 37 which is less than 90 so that a front edge 38 of the partition wall 23 is at a greater distance 39 than the distance in height 34 between a front edge 40 of the base part 22 and the lower edge 33 of the partition wall 23. In the alternative embodiment shown and described, the bottom conductive plate 24 and, respectively, the front edge 40 of the base portion 22 are located at a greater distance 41 from the inner side 27 of the side wall than the lower edge 33. The bottom conductive plate 24 with an interior surface 42 forms with the base portion 22 also an angle 37 which is smaller than 90. Between an upper edge 43 of the bottom conductive plate 24 and the lower edge 33 of the partition wall 23 is disposed

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  a conductive cover plate 44 which extends

  substantially parallel to the base part 22.

  This covering conductive plate 44 is connected by its longitudinal edges 45, 46 to the lower edge 33 and, respectively to the upper edge 43 of the partition wall 23 and, respectively of the bottom conductive plate 24 or else it is formed thereon. this. Now that there is created between the partition wall 23 and the side wall 10 a duct for guiding the supplied air 47, the covering conductive plate 44 forms with the conductive bottom plate 24 and a partial area of the base part. 22 one channel

transverse distribution 48.

  This transverse distribution channel 48 opens into the front end region 30, 31 of the bottom conductive plate 24, in particular inside the support rods, 26 in passage openings 49, 50 which are provided in the plate. bottom conductor 24 and which are delimited by the cover conductive plate 44, the support strips 25, 26 and the lateral edges 51 of the plate

bottom conductor 24.

  As seen in Figure 2, the side walls, 11, 12 are protected by firebricks placed in front of 52 high temperatures in the combustion chamber 3. It is also possible to have firebricks 52 on the bottom plate d combustion chamber 8, in which we have incorporated herein

  exemplary embodiment of a vibrating grid 53.

  Below the vibrating grate 53 an ash drawer 54 has been arranged, and by openings 55 in the vibrating grate 53 during the actuation of which the ashes 57 produced by the combustion of fuels 56, for example logs of wood can be removed to the drawer

ash 54.

  Between the combustion chamber 3 and the cover plate 4, there is provided a thermal conductivity dome 58 which is covered and protected upwards, as is the cover plate 4, by means of plates.

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  insulators 59 resistant to high temperatures. An interior space 60 of the thermal conductivity dome 58 is connected by an outlet 61 to the flue gas channel 62 which is

  connected to a vent 63, for example to a stove pipe.

  The supply air distribution device 17 is designed so that the supply air 64 conveyed by the supply air regulating device 18 to the combustion chamber 3 is supplied through openings 65 of the supply air channel 19 to a guide channel 66. The flow of the supplied air 64 from the ambient air surrounding the heating installation 1 in the combustion chamber 3 takes place by gravity due to the different weight of the air brought 64 cold relative to the hot flue gases in the combustion chamber 3. The cold and therefore heavier supplied air 64 which flows into the supplied air channel 19 descends through the openings 65 in the guide channel 66 which extends at an angle towards the door 15 of the combustion chamber, so as to produce between the latter and the glass plate 16 placed in the door 15 of the combustion chamber an intake channel 67 with a width of 68 which is

  for example smaller than a width 69 of the openings 65.

  Therefore, the intake channel 67 resembles a flat die which extends continuously over the width 20 at least of the glass plate 16 and, respectively

the loading opening 14.

  Due to the width 68 of the intake channel 67, the supplied air 64 is deflected and directed against an interior surface 70 of the glass plate 16. At the same time, due to the nozzle action in the vicinity of the channel intake 67 there is an accumulation of air brought 64 into the guide channel 66 which allows the formation of a thick air curtain 71 in front of the glass plate 16. This air curtain 71 is formed by a laminar flow with several layers, consisting of layers 72, 73 which prevents the passage of combustion gases and, respectively, of fumes from the combustion chamber 3 on the interior surface 70 of the glass plate 16. During the descent of the curtain air 71 like that

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  is better visible in Figure 2, parts of the layer 73 closer to the combustion chamber 3, due to the vacuum prevailing in the combustion chamber 3 and, respectively by the enlargement of the air volume leads 64 are deflected during heating in the direction of flame tips 74, as indicated by wavy arrows 75. This gives a very dense image of flames which results in good combustion of fuels 56. At the same time, we ensures by the supply of air brought 64 in the regions of the tips of the flames 74 an almost complete combustion and consequently a reduced part of harmful substance. The advantage which results from the air curtain 71, which consists of several layers 72, 73 of the supplied air 64 resides in that the layers 73 closer to the interior space 60 of the combustion chamber 3 serve , over part of the height of the air curtain 71, namely up to the area where it flows in the flame area and, respectively in the area of the flame tips 74, of insulating layers for the layers 72 lying between these and the glass disc 16 so that the layers 72 closer to the glass plate 16 which ultimately descend to the area of the supplied air guide device 21 are not heated too much strongly. This effect is reinforced in that the supplied inflowing air 64, during the descent, heats up and expands at the same time by which the air curtain - looking perpendicular to the side wall - becomes thicker and thus the insulating effect increases further so that the supplied air 64 then used as primary air does not heat up too strongly. It is added to this that due to the enlargement of the volume of the air supplied 64, the risk of a passage of the smoke gases up to the glass plate is avoided. By the effect of insulating the air in the air curtain and by the relatively short duration, during which all the heat of the combustion chamber 3 can act on the layers 72 situated inwards, it is prevented that the

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  temperature of this supplied air 64 rises too quickly to

high values.

  This protective function of the layers located inside 72 against excessive heating of the air supplied 64 and the temperature which is not too high of the air supplied 64 into the layers 73 generally prevents too much sharp increase in the air temperature in the combustion chamber 3 and therefore also these states which promote the formation of NOX. In particular, these layers 72 provide at the same time an excess of air in the combustion chamber 3 which also contributes greatly.

to reduce the formation of NOx.

  On the other hand, however, a sufficiently high temperature is ensured which constitutes a favorable ratio between the chemical resistance during the combustion operation and the physical resistance during the combustion operation. The chemical resistance is obtained in particular by sufficient heating of the supply air flowing 64 into the layers 72, 73, in particular of the supply air 64 of the layers 72 since it passes along the hot surfaces of the guide device of the supplied air 21, while the physical resistance is obtained by the good mixing achieved by the use of the passage openings 49, 50 as well as the influx of the air supplied 64 by the channels for guiding the supplied air 47 and possibly the passage opening, as will be explained in more detail with the aid of the embodiment in FIGS. 12 to 26. In addition, by reducing the cross section, the speed of inflow of the supplied air 64 can be adjusted in a simple way and thus we obtain

a good mix.

  In addition, the supply air supply 64 by the supply air guide device 21 and between the intake channel 67 following the supply channel 66 and the supply air guide device 21 presents the advantage of a two-stage combustion since, by the air guiding device 21, the prior gasification from the fuel 56 and its mixture with

23 2726073

  a corresponding amount of oxygen is encouraged, while post-combustion, due to the supplied air 64 supplied from the layers 73 between the guide channel 66 and the supplied air guide device 21 can take place in a fairly favorably. Because thus it is also ensured that due to the rapid supply of the air supplied 64 in the vicinity of the post-combustion, therefore in the vicinity of the tips of the flames 74, the temperature of the flue gases and, respectively, the temperature of the combustion chamber near the tips of the flames 74 is for example smaller than 900 ° C., which limits

also the formation of NOx.

  This good combustion is also reinforced by the fact that by the arrangement of the insulating plate 59 resistant to high temperatures in the vicinity of the thermal conductivity dome 58, the efflux of the flue gases is additionally slowed down, which makes it possible to maintain the temperature in the combustion chamber 3 at a higher level so that the ignition temperature is very high. Parts of the air supplied 64 in the layers 72 of the laminar flow prevent even in the region of the air supply guide device 21 that the glass plate 16 becomes fogged. The supplied air 64 and, respectively, the layers 72 and parts of the layers 73 are distributed in the vicinity of the supplied air guide device 21, as best seen in FIGS. 4 and 5 and are distributed through the openings passage 49, 50 on the one hand and the air guide channels 47 along the side walls 11, 13 over the entire periphery of the combustion chamber 3 in the vicinity of the bottom plate 8 of the chamber on the other hand on different zones in the interior space 60 of the combustion chamber. So in the area

  fuel 56 in which combustible gas 76 -

  which are represented schematically by small rings -

  are released due to heating by combustion and are immediately ignited due to the presence of oxygen from the supplied air 64 - which is characterized by

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  arrows 77, 78, the formation of nitrogen oxides as much as possible and therefore the stress on the environment during the combustion of fossil fuels, such as logs, can be significantly reduced. This good combustion and / or the release of combustible gases 76 from fuel 56, therefore from wood logs and their early ignition as well as their total combustion is obtained by the uniform distribution of the air brought in the vicinity of the bottom of the enclosure. combustion, as indicated by arrows 77, 78 in Figure 4, on the extent of the jacket of the combustion chamber. This brings in particular to the front sides of the fuel 56, from which most of the combustible gases are released, for the ignition of these sufficient oxygen, in particular when the logs of wood are placed parallel to the air guide device.

  brought 21 into the combustion chamber 3.

  It has been found, in particular, surprisingly that due to the parallel arrangement of the supply air guide channels 47 and the passage openings 49, 50, a cascaded air flow is obtained, and by the air brought 64 passing through the passage openings 49, 50, according to the arrows 78, the area closest to the device for guiding the supplied air 21 of the incandescent heap and, respectively of the fuel 56 is stressed, while the oxygen is supplied by the supply air guide channels 47 with the supply air supplied 64, according to the arrows 77, to areas located further behind, therefore opposite to the supply air guide device 21 of the side wall 12 and cluster

embers or fuel 56.

  Another advantage of this solution lies in that one takes advantage for this air supply of the basic physical laws, namely the higher weight of the cold air supplied 64 compared to the flue gas contained in the combustion chamber 3, but however it is also possible, to ensure controlled combustion of the fuel 56, to use for example in the vicinity of the

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  supply air regulation device 18 and, respectively, supply air channel 19 supply air conveyor device, for example a blower with a corresponding control of the

  number of revolutions or a control of the quantity of air.

  All of the air supplied 64 supplied initially serves as window cleaning air, and by the special embodiment of the air guide device 21 it now becomes possible that without providing additional construction parts, to use the supplied air 64 necessary to hold the glass plates 16 in the enclosure doors

  of clean combustion, at the same time as secondary air.

  This makes it possible to save on a device for supplying clean secondary air, and it is surprisingly possible to allow, without positioning member and movable control members in the combustion chamber 3 and, respectively in the vicinity of the combustion chamber bottom plate 8 a regular distribution of the supplied air 64 flowing in the manner of an air curtain 71 by

laminar layers.

  To ensure an uneventful distribution of this air supplied 64 over the entire extent, in particular of the side walls 11, 13, it is possible in particular in the vicinity of the side walls 11, 13, in the transition zone between these side walls 11, 13 and, respectively, the refractory bricks 52 and the combustion chamber bottom plate 8 and, respectively on the refractory bricks 52 resting on the combustion chamber bottom plate 8, spacers 79 which may be constituted by a rod 80 made of metal or by a corresponding flat profile or the like, curved in the shape of a U by looking at the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber. Of course it is also possible to provide only individual button-shaped elevations projecting from the side walls 11, 13 and, respectively, spacers in the form of

rod.

  By such an arrangement of the spacers 79 it is sought that the fuel 56, in particular logs of

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  wood or charcoal or the like or briquettes of wood do not apply directly to the side walls 11, 13 but that there remains in each case between the side walls 11, 13 and the fuel 56 and, respectively the incandescent cluster a air guide channel 81. This air guide channel 81 as well as the rods 80 which are provided for putting the fuel 56 away from the

  side walls 11, 13 are better visible in FIG. 6.

  We can see that as the gap increases relative to the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber, the rods 80 protrude over a shorter distance 82 on the side walls 11, 13 and,

  respectively, the refractory bricks 52.

  The air guide channel 81 can also be formed by arranging, as shown in FIG. 7 in detail, a perforated or perforated covering piece 83 in the corner area between the side walls 11, 13 and, respectively, the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber. The supplied air 64 - represented by the arrows 77 - routed by the supplied air guide channels 47 then enters the length of the air guide channel 81, in the finely distributed state, into the combustion chamber. 3, through openings 84 formed in the coating part 83 and contributes to regular combustion of the fuel 56 and, respectively of the pile

incandescent.

  FIGS. 8 to 11 show another embodiment of a supply air distribution device 17, and for the heating installation 1 and for the supply air distribution device 17, same parts the same reference numbers as in FIGS. 1 to 7. The heating installation 1, in particular for solid fuels 56, is produced in accordance with the embodiment in FIG. 1 and has in the vicinity of an upper edge 85 of the loading opening 14 on the inner side 27 of the side wall 10, in which the loading opening 14 is formed, the supplied air channel 19

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  which is connected by openings 86, in the present embodiment by a large number of bores which pass through the side wall 10, to the ambient air, therefore the air space surrounding the heating installation 1. The supplied air 64 flowing through the openings 86 can be supplied in accordance with the setting of the supplied air regulation device 18 in a quantity determined in advance by the openings 65 in a bottom plate delimiting the supplied air channel 19, to the interior space 60 of the enclosure of

combustion 3.

  To obtain that this supplied air 64 can flow in the form of a laminar flow in several layers 72, 73 along an interior side 87 oriented towards the combustion chamber 3 of the glass plate 16 in the form of a curtain air 71, in order to prevent the glass plate 16 from fogging up, and to then bring the supplied air 64 used for cleaning the plates to promote the combustion operation to the combustion chamber 3, we have arranged following the openings 65 a guide channel 66 which is produced in the manner of a flat die and which is delimited with respect to the combustion chamber 3 by a conductive sheet 88 extending obliquely relative to the side wall 10 such that it is formed between the front edge thereof 89 and the inner side 87 of the plate

  of glass 16 a slot 90 so of a width 68.

  For the distribution of the supplied air 64, the supply air guide device 21 is disposed in the vicinity of the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber. With this supply air guide device 21, the part the supplied air 64 which descends into the region of the supplied air guide device 21 is distributed uniformly over the extent of the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber and, respectively, of the jacket 9 of the combustion chamber and in particular it prevents the supplied air 64 going downwards, when it strikes the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber, flows centrally from the front into an incandescent cluster 91 and, fuel 56 respectively.

28 2726073

  it has already been explained with the aid of the representation in FIG. 2, part of the supplied air 64 - as indicated by the arrows 75 - flows in from the layers 73, after passing through the outlet slot 90 due to the fact rapid heating from the proximity of the flame tips 74, directly in the interior space 60 of the combustion chamber 3 and encourages the post-combustion of the combustible gases 76 and, respectively, the ignition of the combustible gases 76 which at this time are not yet lit by a sufficient supply of oxygen. This also makes it possible to obtain total combustion of the combustible gases 76 which

come out of the fuel 56.

  However, what is surprising in the solution consisting in using a device for guiding the supplied air 21 is that parts of this supplied air 64 which is usually supplied to the combustion space 3 in the manner of secondary air. , are distributed by the particular deflection in the vicinity of the supplied air guide device 21 so that they act on the one hand as secondary air which ensures the combustion of fuels 56 and coke oven gases and which otherwise act as primary air 92 flow in from below, being distributed over the extent of the incandescent heap 91 and, respectively, basic incandescent coals, which allows ignition from below of the fuel 56 and

  release of combustion products.

  The advantage of supplying a portion of air acting as primary air 92 of the supply air 64 during the established regime allows complete combustion of the fuel layers 56 oriented towards the bottom plate 8 of the enclosure. combustion. This also makes it possible to significantly reduce the charge of the flue gases and at the same time ensure sufficient embers and the maintenance of embers, which considerably improves the degree

  efficiency of such a heating installation 1.

  One can in particular obtain by the combustion air parts arriving by the supplied air 64 by rinsing the glass plates, acting as primary air 92, a good mixture

29 2726073

  between the combustion air and the combustible gases 76 which makes it possible to maintain the physical resistance at a reduced level and to obtain uniform combustion of the fuels 56 also during the established regime. At the same time, by reducing the amount of combustion air which is supplied from the air supplied 64 as secondary air in the area above the embers 91, too much cooling of the flue gases is prevented and, respectively combustible gases 76 in this area so that the chemical resistance during the combustion process does not increase during heating and does not increase either

more to the state of the established regime.

  These advantages are obtained in that the air layers of the laminar air flow which descend from the outlet slit 90 along the glass plate 16 in the region of the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber are distributed in the area surrounding the supply air guide device 21, namely by the transverse distribution channel 48 over the passage openings 49, 50 and, respectively, the supply air guide channels 47, whereby, as shown schematically by the arrows 78, the air supplied 64 passing through the passage openings 49, 50 surrounds the zone oriented towards the glass plate 16 of the vibrating grid 53 and, respectively of the fuel 56 at the heap of embers 91 and enters from the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber in the fuel 56 resting on the embers 91, while the air supplied 64 is deflected according to the arrows 77 by the air guide channels 47 in the rear zone of the walls lateral 11, 13 and, respect ively from the side wall 12 constituting the rear wall, and thus obtaining in the area distributed over the extent of the combustion chamber 3 a regular intake of combustion air, in particular oxygen which, as described before , encourage the

  regular progress of the combustion operation.

  Also in the present exemplary embodiment, the supply air guide device 21 again consists of several individual parts, for example a part

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  base 22 on which is retained, by support rods 25, 26, a partition wall 23 at a certain

  height difference 34 above the base part 22.

  Following the passage openings 49 and 50 following the support strips 25, 26, a bottom conducting plate 24 is placed on the base part 22 which extends from the latter towards the partition wall 23 At the height of the lower edge 33 of the partition wall 23, a covering conductive plate 44 is arranged which connects the partition wall 23 and the bottom conductive plate 24 and which extends roughly horizontally or along a inclination towards the bottom conductive plate 24. Between the partition wall 23 and the bottom conductive plate 24 as well as the base portion 22, a transverse distribution channel 48 is created in which the supplied air 64 is passed arriving through the air curtain 71 towards

passage openings 49, 50.

  The layers of air striking the partition wall 23 are already deflected therefrom in the direction of the air guide channels 47 between the glass plate 16 and, respectively, the door 15 of the combustion chamber and the wall separation 23 so that they can enter from

* there in the interior space 60 of the combustion chamber 3.

  For better guidance of the incoming inflowing air 64, it is also possible, in the vicinity of the passage openings 49, to delimit the zones of lateral walls opposite to the support strips 25, 26 of the passage openings 49, 50 by lateral cheeks. 93 so as to create passage openings 49, 50 in the form of a nozzle which make it possible to improve the orientation of the air supplied 64 passing over the different zones of the fuel 56, for example the front sides thereof. Obviously, in this exemplary embodiment too, as already explained with reference to FIGS. 4, 6 and 7, air guide channels 81 can be arranged at least in the direction of the side walls 11 and 13 and, where appropriate

  also in the vicinity of the side wall 12.

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  In a similar manner to the variant embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 5, in the present exemplary embodiment also, the partition wall 23 is inclined with its internal surface 36 in the direction of the base part 22 at an angle 37 relatively to the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber. This has the advantage that the channel which is formed between the partition wall 23 and the door 15 of the combustion chamber and, respectively of the glass plate 16, thins in the direction of the base part 22, and therefore part of the supplied air 64 is automatically diverted and without additional regulating device directly towards the supply air guide channels 47, therefore in the area of the side walls 11 and 13. In the same way, the plate bottom conductor 24 is also inclined at an angle 37 relative to the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber and can extend approximately parallel to the partition wall 23. However, as shown in the present embodiment in FIG. 10, it is advantageous for a bottom surface 94 of the base part 22 to rise in the direction of the combustion chamber 3 from the door 15 of the combustion chamber, therefore if it rises upwards an angle 95 relative to the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber. Thus, the air supplied passing 64, as indicated in particular by the arrows 78, is deflected by rising upwards so that it crosses the embers 91 from the bottom upwards and thus contributes to the

  combustion and release of combustible gases 76.

  At the same time, the partition wall 23 inclined in the direction of the combustion chamber 3 and the bottom conducting plate 24 prevent a too rapid rise of the supply air flowing 64 in the direction of the flame tips 74 and thus allow a good mixture with combustible gases 76, whereby an easily flammable mixture is obtained which

can burn to a high degree.

32 2726073

  Another alternative embodiment of a supply air guide device 21, for example for a combustion chamber 3 of a circular cross section, is

  shown in Figures 12 to 15.

  The partition wall 23 is again retained by support strips 25, 26 as well as by an additional support strip 96 in the middle between the two support strips 25, 26 at a certain distance above a surface of support 97, which can be constituted for example by the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber. Between the support strips 25 and 26 extends a bottom conductive plate 24 which has a height 98 which is smaller than a gap 99 between the bearing surface 97 and a lower edge 33

of the partition wall 23.

  While the bottom conductive plate 24 is oriented approximately parallel to the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber, a deflector 100 of the partition wall 23 extends at a flat angle 101 in the direction of the chamber. combustion 3. This deflector 100 is connected in the present embodiment in one piece to the partition wall 23 or else it is manufactured by a molded piece made of material. Between the partition wall 23 and the bottom conductive plate 24 there therefore remains a passage opening 102 which extends over a whole width 103 which is delimited by the support rods 25 and 26. Thus, in principle, a flat die is created which extends approximately over the entire width 20 of a loading opening 14 formed in the door 15 of the combustion chamber and

provided with a glass plate 16.

  In addition, as best seen in FIG. 13, there have been formed in the bottom conductive plate 24 passage openings 49 and 50 which extend over part of the height 98 of the bottom conductive plate 24 and which are arranged in the end zone of the air guide device brought 21 to a longitudinal distance 104 relative to the support strips 25 and 26. This longitudinal distance 104 is

33 2726073

  less than half the distance between the sticks

  25 and 26 and the central support strip 96.

  As a result of this embodiment of the supply air guide device 21, there is now advantageously obtained a cascade supply of the supply air 64 flowing in through the air curtain 71 as far as o, through the openings passage 102 - as best seen in Figures 14 and 15 - according to the arrows 105, part of this supplied air 64 flowing through the air curtain 71 is brought into the flame region for the release of combustible gases

fuel.

  Another part of the air supplied 64 arriving through the passage openings 49, 50 is introduced, according to the arrows 106, into the region of the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber, therefore into the support zone. embers 91 and, respectively, fuel 56, which therefore acts as primary air 92 and which encourages the production of combustible gases and, respectively, the ignition thereof in the vicinity of fuel 56. Due to the different height 107 and, respectively 108, to which a large part of the air 64 is supplied, according to arrows 106 and 105, the glass rinsing air can be advantageously used at different heights for different combustion sequences without the need for supply air channels or

  additional control devices or the like.

  The guidance and consequently the height 107 and 108, to which this air 64 flows, is defined on the one hand by the arrangement of the passage openings 49, 50 and on the other hand by the production of the deflectors 100 of the partition wall 23. Obviously it is also possible that in the case of a sufficiently strong supply of supplied air 64, part of the supplied air 64 can also pass suddenly over a front edge 109 of the partition wall 23 , as indicated by arrow 110, in the area of the spikes

flames.

  By a corresponding design of the size in cross section of the passage openings 49, 50 and,

34 2726073

  respectively of the slit width of the passage opening 102, the distribution in the form of a cascade of the air supplied 64 over the different zones of the combustion can be controlled in a simple manner. In addition, there is obtained a supply extending all around combustion air around the embers because in this embodiment, the supply air guide channels 47 are maintained which allow a distribution of the combustion air according to the arrows. 111 in figure 12

around the embers.

  It is shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 another alternative embodiment of a device for guiding the supplied air 21 where an influx of the supplied air 64 is again obtained in several zones in different heights relative to the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber. The embodiment of the supplied air channel 19 and, respectively of the supplied air regulation device 18 corresponds for example again to the embodiment as described with the aid of FIGS. 8 to 11, and the same parts are used same reference numbers. In its basic principle, the construction of the device for guiding the supplied air 21 corresponds to that described with the aid of FIGS. 12 to 15 in detail. The difference lies only in the fact that in this supplied air guide device 21, the base part 22 and a deflection part 112 are produced in the form of independent parts which respectively constitute their own components. Thus it is possible to also realize complicated spatial forms, as in the present case the base part and to obtain by a cross-sectional shape favoring the flow a manufacture at a

advantageous cost.

  This supplied air guide device 21 produced for ovens whose combustion chamber 3 has a square or rectangular cross section is provided with a passage opening 102 which extends over the entire width 103 of the guide device d air 21 between the two support rods 25, 26 housing the partition wall

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  23. The partition wall 23 is produced in the form of a segment of an arc of a circle and extends over a segment angle 113 of between 50 and 80, but which is preferably of, whereby an entry height 114 an inlet opening 115 of the transverse distribution channel 48 which is formed by the interior space delimited by the partition wall 23, the bottom conducting plate 24 and the base part 22, is fairly narrow. From there, the supplied air 64 can flow through the passage openings 49, 50 in the bottom conductive plate 24 or else through the passage opening 102 in the combustion chamber 3. The parts of air which, through the inlet opening 115 does not enter the transverse distribution channel 48 is deflected to the side and enters, as already explained in detail with the aid of the previous embodiments, in the vicinity of the channels for guiding the air supplied 47 respectively into the region of the support rods 25, 26 along the side walls 11 and 13 in the combustion chamber 3. In this embodiment, a cascade distribution of the air is also obtained brought 64 along the height, and by defining in advance the direction of flow on the curvature of the wall 23, the height above the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber, to which this air 64 flows , can be determined. This passage opening 102 also allows sufficient swirling of the combustible gases with the supplied air 64 enriched with oxygen, which causes a reduction in physical resistance during combustion. But at the same time the chemical resistance is also reduced since this air 64 thus supplied, due to its passage along the supplied air guide device 21 and due to the lowering along a side wall of the jacket 9 of the combustion chamber is heated, whereby the combustion operation can be further improved. The parts of the supplied air 64 exiting at different heights are indicated, in accordance with the representation in FIGS. 12 to 15, again diagrammatically by the arrows 105 and

36 2726073

  106 and the parts of the supplied air 64 flushing the combustion chamber 3 in the vicinity of the side walls 11 and 13 by

arrows 77.

  In connection with this exemplary embodiment, where the base part 22 and the deflection part 112 constitute independent parts, attention is also drawn to the fact that obviously the whole of the device for guiding the supplied air 21 or the base part or the deflection part 112 can also be fixed to the side wall 11 to 13 or to the door 15 of the combustion chamber and, respectively to the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber or can be

  made in one piece with it.

  The fixing can take place by normal fixing means such as screws, rivets or the like or by

  hanging or also by welding.

  Obviously, also the supply air guide devices described in the other embodiments can be fixed, connected or produced in one piece entirely or simply by certain parts on the door 15 of the combustion chamber or the side walls 10 to 13 of the heating installation 1 and, respectively of the plate

  bottom 8 of the combustion chamber.

  In the alternative embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 to 21 of the supply air guide device 21, the partition wall 23 is curved when looking at the part of the base 22, a radius of the curvature being significantly greater than 'a depth 116 of the combustion chamber 3. Thus occurs between the partition wall 23 and, respectively the bottom conductive plate 24 connected thereto by a conductive cover plate 44 a transverse distribution channel 48 which widens from a central axis 117 of the device for guiding the air supplied 21 in the direction of the support rods 25, 26 whereby a flow of air to be conveyed to the combustion chamber 3 is avoided, since a cross-sectional area of this

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  transverse distribution channel 48 increases from the median axis

  117 in the direction of the support strips 25, 26.

  To obtain a regular distribution of the air 64 supplied by the air curtain 71 if possible over the entire cross section of the combustion chamber 3 and to thus obtain a distribution between the air 64 which enters according to the arrows shown diagrammatically 106 through the passage openings 49, 50 of the device for guiding the supplied air 21 towards the embers 91 and respectively the fuel 56 and the parts of the supplied air 64 which, according to the arrows 77, enter through the guide channels of air supplied 47 along the side walls 11, 13 in the combustion chamber, the support rods 25, 26 are provided with a step 118, o by a height 119 of these steps 118, the air part feed 64 which can pass exclusively through the passage openings 49, 50 and the part which is brought along the arrows 77 by the air guide channels fed into the combustion chamber 3 can be separated. Because of these steps 118 acting as delivery bars of the support rods 25, 26, it is also possible to maintain a corresponding air pressure and, respectively, a corresponding flow speed of the supplied air 64 because in the case of a reduced quantity of supplied air 64, at the beginning only the part of the supplied air acting as primary air is emitted which flows from below into the heap of embers 91, and only when a greater quantity of air 64 arrives , it is deflected suddenly over the steps 118 in the edge areas, so in

  the areas of the side walls 11 and 13.

  In this embodiment of the supply air guide device 21, the part of the supply air 64 of the air curtain 71 which enters as secondary air in the area of the flame tips 74 and, respectively, of the flames is removed only layers 73 of the air flow forming the air curtain 71 between the front edge 89 of the conductive sheet 88

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  and the front edge 38 of the supply air guide device 21. As further shown in this embodiment, the partition wall 23 and the bottom conductive plate 24 extend in the manner of concentric circles so as to create between the passage openings 49 and 50 a transverse distribution channel 48 with the same cross-sectional area over the entire length of the air guide device 21 while the cross-sectional area between the partition wall 23 and the wall lateral 10 of the heating installation 1 increases towards

support strips 25, 26.

  In addition, the support rods 25, 26 have an extension 120 oriented in the direction of the combustion chamber 3 which projects to a depth 121 beyond the exit cross section of the passage openings 49, 50. This extension 120 acts in the manner of an air-conducting sheet which confers on the flow of air leaving the arrows 106 a direction of flow oriented towards the fuel 56 and, respectively, the heap of embers 91. There is shown in the figures 20 and 21 how the two supply air guide devices 21, according to the representations of FIGS. 18 and 19, can be arranged in the vicinity of a combustion chamber 3 of the installation

  heating 1 according to another alternative embodiment.

  In this exemplary embodiment in which, for example, the door 15 of the combustion chamber is produced in the form of a cast iron body without a glass plate, the devices for guiding the supplied air 21 for distributing the supplied air 64 are arranged at the in the vicinity of the side walls 11 and 13 opposite one another or else they are placed in front of the bricks

  refractory 52 at a distance 28.

  There is thus produced between these side walls 11, 13 and, respectively, these refractory bricks 52 placed in front of and the duct for guiding the supplied air 21 a transverse distribution channel 48 by which the supplied air 64, as can be seen

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  better in FIG. 21, is distributed uniformly over the combustion chamber 3. The air 64 is in this case supplied, for example, as shown in FIG. 21 by the supplied air channels 19 which are similar to the supply channels. supplied air 19 described in the previous exemplary embodiments, the entry of the supplied air into the respective supplied air channel 19 being adjustable by a supplied air regulation device 18,

for example a drawer.

  This supplied air channel 19 is preferably arranged at a distance 122 above the supplied air guide device 21 which is greater than a maximum height 123 of flame tips 74 indicated schematically above the delivery devices. guiding the supplied air 21. It thus becomes possible that the air 64 leaving the layers 73 in the direction of the arrows 75 can enter directly into the flame zone, therefore into the post-combustion zone and thus causes a sufficient supply of oxygen. in the flame zone which prevents the temperature in the combustion chamber from falling below, for example, 900 ° C., which prevents or greatly reduces the production of NOx. The air 64 descending lower in the layers 72 is introduced by the transverse distribution channels 48 through the passage openings 49, 50, as shown diagrammatically by small circles and symbolically by the arrows 78 and 106, and, respectively leaving ducts for guiding the supplied air 47, as indicated by the arrows 77, being distributed along the side wall 10 and, respectively, over the zone of the door 15 of the combustion chamber. This air 64 brought

  following arrows 77 and 78 acts as primary air.

  By the fact that there is disposed in the vicinity of each of the two opposite side walls 11, 13 a device for guiding the supplied air 21, it is possible to obtain a uniform distribution and a good inflow of the supplied air 64 with a good mixture corresponding by a still sufficient speed also in the fuel zone 56. As shown diagrammatically in FIG. 20, it is advantageous for the fuel 56, for example the logs, to be placed

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  in a direction extending perpendicular to the

combustion chamber door.

  This has the advantage that the air brought along arrows 77 and 78 arrives in the region of the front sides 124 of the logs of wood 125. After the greatest quantity of combustible gases 76, during the combustion of the logs of wood, either out of these front sides 124 of the wooden logs - as shown schematically by small circles in the drawing - it occurs due to the intensive supply of oxygen a very early ignition which prevents combustible gases from rising in the higher areas of the combustion chamber 3 without being lit. This ensures cascade combustion of the combustible gases since the pre-combustion is introduced by the air 64 supplied according to arrows 77 and 78, acting as primary air, and the residues can be brought and burned by the supply of the air 64 in the secondary air zone, therefore in the vicinity of the flame points 74, and therefore the proportion of unburned combustible gases or noxious materials can be kept very low. Obviously it is also possible, instead of the supplied air distribution device 17 placed respectively in front of each of the two side walls 11 and 13, to have only one of the side walls 11, 12 or 13 such an air distribution device supply 17 when there is no need for the supply air 64 to rinse a glass plate 16 in the vicinity of the door 15 of the combustion chamber. However, it is also possible to have, alongside a supply air distribution device 17 associated with a combustion chamber door 15 to any other side wall, such another device.

supply air distribution 17.

  This solution also allows for example in the case of ovens in which in fixed surfaces of side walls are arranged glass plates 16, for example in addition to a glass plate 16 in the door 15

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  the combustion chamber, to keep these clean by using the air guide devices 21 conforming

to the invention.

  Regarding the detailed course of the combustion operation and the realization of the supplied air channel 19, it should be noted that these can take place in accordance with the embodiments described in detail before. Any supply air guide device 21 can be used according to one of the variant embodiments described before or

  well a combination of these for this application case.

  Obviously, the guidance of the supply air channels 19 within the framework of the furnace can be determined selectively, and also the inlet openings for the supply of air 64 into the supply air channel 19 can be arranged at the center at the front side of the heating installation 1, and this supplied air 64 can then be distributed inside the heating installation 1 to the different channels of

guide 66.

  Another alternative embodiment of a heating installation 1 has been shown in FIG. 22 which corresponds substantially to the heating installation as shown in FIG. 3. The same are therefore used

  parts also have the same reference numbers.

  These two alternative embodiments are distinguished by the fact that in the supplied air guide device 21 shown in FIG. 22 there is provided a support strip 126 which projects from the partition wall 23 in the direction of the door 15 of the combustion chamber so that the transverse distribution channel 48 is closed in the vicinity of its front ends in which it acts as a supply air guide channel 47. The supply air guide channel 47 is formed in this case by an opening or a passage opening 127, and it is therefore possible, depending on the size of the bore, to fix the amount of air passing through it according to arrows 77 which acts as primary air and which must be deflected towards the side walls 11 and 13 of the heating installation

42 2726073

  1. Preferably, a front edge 128 is disposed at an angle 129 which is 90 to a bearing surface 97 so that the air 64 flowing from the guide channel 66 can flow into the transverse distribution channel 48 which is only open at the top and can exit to the side mainly only through the passage opening 127 in

  direction of the side walls 11, 13.

  Furthermore, it has been indicated in this alternative embodiment that on the support strip 126 on the side facing the transverse distribution channel 48, a regulating flap 130 can be arranged which can be adjusted either manually or fixed by means of a device. stop 131, for example a screw, in the preferred position for the respective heating installation 1 so that the quantity of supplied air 64 leaving the supply air guide channels 47 can thus be adjusted simply and so that it can be adjusted possibly also during the next operation. For the adjustment it is possible to actuate this regulating shutter 130 by rods manually by a handle 132, but one can provide for this purpose, as indicated by dashed lines, also an adjustment device 133, for example an arrangement piston and cylinder or the like to be able to adjust this regulator flap 130 remotely. Figures 23 to 25 show an additional embodiment, how can take place the distribution of air 64 acting as primary air which enters according to the arrows 77 from the side walls 11, 13 in the combustion chamber 3. This distribution can have place so that the supply air guide device 21 is extended as far as the area of the side walls 11, 13 and, respectively directly in front of them and that the intermediate space between the side wall 10, therefore the front wall and the refractory bricks 52 is divided. In this case the ducts for guiding the supplied air 47 open into a zone, for example as in the right half of FIG. 23 in a distribution channel 135 accessible by an opening

43 2726073

  134, which is arranged for example in a convection piece 137 arranged between the side wall 11 and, respectively 13

  and earthenware tiles 136 placed in front.

  However, in order to be able to distribute the part of the air 64 which enters along the arrows 77 through the opening 134 in the distribution channel 135 uniformly along the length of the side wall 11 and 13, the refractory bricks 52 are

  provided with through openings 138.

  As best seen in Figure 25, these openings

  passage 138 can also be arranged one above the other

  above the others in the height direction of the combustion chamber 3 so that the air 64 acting as primary air can be brought to a certain area in height of the heap of embers. In this case it is again advantageous if the logs of wood 125 are arranged parallel to the side wall 12 forming the rear wall of the heating installation 1 because thus in the zones in which the air 64 is brought along the arrows 77 , namely at the front sides 124 of the logs of wood 125, most gases

  combustibles come out and a safe ignition can take place.

  Obviously in this variant embodiment, it is also possible to use, in place of the support strip shown 26, the support strip 126 shown and described in FIG. 22 and to place, if necessary also, in front of the opening of passage planned 127 a

regulator flap 130.

  There is shown in the left half of Figure 23 and in Figure 24 another alternative simple embodiment for the supply of air 64 along the arrows 77 through the passage openings 138 in the refractory bricks 52. In this case we have not disposed in the convection space a clean distribution channel 135, but the refractory bricks 52 are provided at their side 139 away from the combustion chamber 3 of transverse channels 140 extending parallel to the plate bottom 8 of the combustion chamber which interconnect the openings of

44 2726073

  passage 138 arranged one behind the other in the

longitudinal direction.

  In this case also, one can provide in a direction extending perpendicular to the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber several of these transverse channels so that superimposed rows of openings

  flow 138 can be supplied with air 64.

  In the case where the distribution of air supplied according to the arrows 77 takes place through the passage openings 138 in the vicinity of the side walls 11 and / or 13 and / or 12, it is advantageous that the passage openings 49, 50 are arranged closer to a median axis 117 of the device for guiding the supplied air 21. This gives the cascade inflow of the supplied air 64 and, respectively, a better distribution between the zones into which the air 64 enters through the passage openings 49, 50 according to the arrows 78 and the zones into which the air enters through the

  passage openings 138 according to arrows 77.

  It has also been shown schematically in FIG. 26 that for the regulation of the air introduced into the combustion chamber 3, according to arrows 77 and 78, it is possible to have in the distribution channel 135 a regulation device 142 formed by a regulator drawer 141 as well as if necessary another regulating device 143 with a

flap 144.

  The regulator drawer 141 can be arranged in alignment with the passage openings 145 in the side walls 11 and 13 and with the passage openings 138

aligned with these.

  By an adjustment device 46, this regulator drawer 141 can be moved in the longitudinal direction along the double arrow 147 to modify the amount of air

flowing along arrows 77.

  Instead of this or in parallel with this, it is also possible to control the regulating flap 130 by an adjustment device 146 as a function of the state of combustion in the combustion chamber automatically or

2726073

  semi-automatically. To this end, the adjustment device 146 can be interconnected with a control device 148 which is connected for example to measurement sensors 149 projecting into the combustion chamber 3. Depending on the combustion state and / or the quantity of harmful substances or unburnt gases, the temperature or the flow speed, the position of the regulating flap 130 and,

  respectively of the regulator drawer 141 can be modified.

  At the same time it is also possible to also associate with the passage openings 49 and 50 an adjustable regulating drawer 141 which can be moved again by means of an adjustment device 146 which can also be interconnected with the control device 148, in the longitudinal direction of the transverse distribution channel 48, in order to be able to adapt the cross section of the passage openings 48 and 50 to the combustion state or to the state of

respective operation.

  The air guide device 21 as a whole or in part, such as for example the partition wall 23 and / or the support strips 25, 26 and / or the base part 22 and / or the bottom conductive plate 24 can be supported either individually or together on a support surface 97. But of course it is also possible that some or all of these parts are arranged or fixed to the bottom plate 8 of the combustion chamber and, respectively, the door 15 of the combustion chamber or to the side wall 10 adjacent to the door 15 of the combustion chamber and, respectively to the other side walls 11, 12, 13 arranged in front of, or either

  made in one piece with them.

  To represent the essential operation of the heating installation 1 in accordance with the invention, simplified representations have been used and parts which are not essential for operation have been omitted, such as throttle valves and other components including the layout is part of the knowledge of an expert in this field, for example a heating technician. We can

46 2726073

  use for the individual components individual elements of choice known in the prior art, in particular the device for adjusting the supplied air 18, the door 15 of the combustion chamber, the refractory bricks 52 and the supplied air channels 19 Furthermore, it is advantageous when there are at least one recess in the vicinity of the passage openings 49, 50 in the conductive cover plate 44, or when part of the cover conductive plate 44 is preferably removed and the passages between the support strips 25, 26, the partition wall 23 and the base part 22 as well as the passages between the support strips 25, 26, the partition wall 23 and the base part 22 as well as the passages between the partition wall 23, the covering conductive plate 44 and the bottom conducting plate 24 are provided with roundings. It is also possible to have in the vicinity of the passage openings 49, 50, 102, 127 an air guide strip projecting from the base part 22 and that a gap 39 between a front edge 38 of the guide device d supply air 21 and a bearing surface 97 and, respectively, a height of the supply air guide device 21 corresponds at least to the

  height of a heap of embers during the steady state.

  For the correct order, attention is drawn to the fact that all the parts or individual parts of the heating installations 1 and, respectively of the supply air guide devices 21 described before, according to the variant embodiments in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 6; 7; 8 to 11; 12 to 15; 16, 17; 18 to 21; 22; 23 to 25 and 26 can constitute in any combination the object of

own inventive solutions.

47 2726073

Claims (31)

  1. Device for distributing the air supplied for the combustion air of heating installations, in particular solid fuels, such as wood or the like, with a combustion chamber which is constituted by a combustion chamber bottom plate , a combustion chamber cover plate which extend parallel to each other and a combustion chamber jacket formed by a hollow cylinder and, respectively, a hollow prism and with a loading opening for the fuel, which is provided in the jacket of the combustion chamber, and with a combustion chamber door to close if necessary this loading opening and with a flue gas channel which is connected to an interior space of the combustion chamber jacket, and with a supply air guide device, characterized in that the supply air guide device (21) is arranged in the vicinity of a combustion chamber bottom between a wall lateral e (6 to 13) of the combustion chamber (3) and the interior space (60) of the combustion chamber (3) and that it has in a longitudinal direction extending parallel to the bottom plate combustion chamber (8) several passage openings (49, 50, 102, 127, 145) spaced from each other and / or offset in height for the supplied air (64) (FIGS. 1, 12, 22).   2. Device for distributing the air supplied for the combustion air of heating installations, in particular solid fuels, such as wood or the like, with a combustion chamber which is constituted by a combustion chamber bottom plate , a combustion chamber cover plate, which extend parallel to each other and by a combustion chamber jacket formed by a hollow cylinder and, respectively, a hollow prism and with a loading opening for the fuel which is provided in the jacket of the combustion chamber, and a combustion chamber door to close when necessary 48 2726073   this loading opening and with a flue gas channel which is connected to an interior space of the combustion chamber jacket, and with a supplied air guide device, characterized in that the air guide device supplied (21), to deflect the supplied air (64) along the side wall (10 to 13) in the direction of the bottom plate (8) of the combustion space is produced on several zones in the space inside (60) of the combustion chamber (3), arranged in the direction of the periphery of the combustion chamber jacket (9) and / or perpendicular to the combustion chamber bottom plate (8) at Heights different (Figures 1, 12, 22).   3. Device for distributing the air supplied according to one   claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it is   arranged in a direction perpendicular to a bottom plate (8) of the combustion chamber, above and at a certain distance from the supply air guide device (21), a guide channel (66) for distributing the air (64) over a width of the side wall (10 to 13) extending parallel to the bottom plate (8) of the enclosure combustion (Figure 1).   4. Device for distributing the air supplied according to one   claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the device   guide (21) of the supplied air has a transverse distribution channel (48) open towards the cover plate (7) of the combustion chamber which is connected by passage openings (49, 50, 102 127) formed parallel to and / or perpendicular to the bottom plate (8) of the combustion chamber at a distance from the interior space (60) of the combustion chamber combustion (3) (Figures 1, 12, 22).   5. Device for distributing the air supplied according to one   of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a shutter   regulator (130) and, respectively, regulating devices (142, 143) are associated with the passage openings   (49, 50, 102, 127) (Figures 22, 26). 49 2726073   6. Device for distributing the air supplied according to one   claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the flap   regulator (130) and, respectively, the regulating devices (142, 143) are coupled to an adjusting device (133, 146), which are connected to a control device (148), which is possibly connected to the at least one measurement sensor (149) arranged for example in the combustion chamber (3) to detect the temperature and / or the gases   and / or the flow speed (Figure 3).   7. Supply air distribution device, in which the supply air guide device which is arranged or supported in the vicinity of the bottom of the combustion chamber has a partition wall which is located in the vicinity of the bottom plate from the combustion chamber at a distance which can be determined in advance from the side wall and which extends at least over part of a width and, respectively, of a periphery of the side wall and, respectively of the combustion chamber jacket,   according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a   lower edge (33) of the partition wall (23) of the device for guiding the supplied air (21) oriented towards the bottom plate of the combustion chamber extends at a height distance (34) which can be determined in advance above the bottom plate (8) of the combustion chamber and, respectively of the bearing surface (97) and is connected to at least one support rod (25, 26, 96 ) extending transversely, in particular perpendicular to its length which is supported in the combustion chamber and, respectively which is housed thereon and / or the furnace body (2), and in that it is disposed between the support rods (25, 26, 96) a bottom guide plate (24) which extends from the base part (22) or a bearing surface (97) of the device for guiding the supplied air ( 21) to provide support at the bottom of the combustion chamber in the direction of the partition wall (23), and in that, at least in the vicinity of the cold end zones ntales (30, 31) opposite one another of the partition wall (23), 2726073   passage openings (49, 50) are provided in the plate   bottom guide (24) (Figures 1 and 3).   8. Air distribution device supplied according to one   of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rods   support (25, 26, 96) and / or the bottom guide plate (24) bear or are formed on a base part (22) or a bearing surface (97) of the guide device supplied air (21).   9. Air distribution device supplied according to one   claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the device   for guiding the supplied air (21) or parts thereof are supported or formed on a side part (10 to 13) and / or a combustion chamber door (15) and / or a   bottom plate (8) of the combustion chamber.   10. Device for distributing air supplied according to one   of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the wall of   partition (23), in a plane (32) perpendicular to its longitudinal axis (29), is inclined towards the side wall (12) further from the partition wall (23) and forms with the bottom plate (8 ) of the combustion chamber and, respectively, the bearing surface (97) an angle (37) which   is smaller than 90 (Figures 3 and 5).   11. Air distribution device supplied according to one   of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the wall of   separation (23) is curved along its length between the two support rods (25, 26) in particular in a shape convex (Figure 4).   12. Device for distributing air supplied according to one   claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a gap (28)   between an upper front edge (38) of the partition wall (23) and the side wall (10) associated therewith and, respectively, the combustion chamber jacket (9) is greater by a distance between a lower edge (33) of the partition wall (23) oriented towards the bottom plate (8) of the combustion chamber and the side wall (10) and, respectively, the combustion chamber jacket (9) (figure 2). 51 2726073   13. Air distribution device supplied according to one   claims 1 to 12, characterized in that edges   front front of the support rods (25, 26) oriented towards the side wall (10) and, respectively, the door of the combustion chamber (15) as well as the side wall (12) opposite to them and, respectively, the door (15) of the combustion chamber and, where appropriate, the bottom of the combustion chamber delimit a front outlet of a supply air guide channel (47) formed between the supply air guide device ( 21) and the side wall (10) (Figure 4). 14. Device for distributing air supplied according to one   of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the plate   bottom (24), in the vicinity of an upper edge (43) oriented towards the partition wall (23) is connected to a longitudinal edge (45) of a conductive cover plate (44) oriented preferably parallel to the part base (22) and / or at an angle to the bottom conductive plate (24) and projecting towards the lower edge (33) of the partition wall (23) which is connected by its other opposite longitudinal edge (45 ) at the lower edge (33) of the wall separation (23) (Figure 3).   15. Distributed air distribution device according to one   claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the edge   longitudinal (46) connected to the bottom conductive plate (24) of the conductive cover plate (44) protrudes towards the partition wall (23) and on the edge   front (38) of the partition wall (23) (Figure 3).   16. Distributed air distribution device according to one   claims 1 to 15, characterized in that at least one   passage opening (49, 50, 102, 127) on the side facing the bottom conductive plate (24) is delimited by a side cheek (93) oriented roughly parallel to the rods support (25, 26) (Figure 9).   17. Device for distributing air supplied according to one   of claims i to 16, characterized in that it is   arranged in the vicinity of the passage openings (49, 50) in 52 2726073   the conductive cover plate (44) at least one recess, that preferably a part of the conductive cover plate (44) is removed (FIGS. 4, 5, , 11, 19).   18. Air distribution device supplied according to one   claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the cheeks   lateral (93) opposite to each other, being at the greatest distance, extend at least between the conductive cover plate (44) and, respectively in the extension thereof and the upper edge ( 43) remote from the interior space (60) of the bottom conductive plate (24) or cover it (Figure 9).   19. Distributed air distribution device according to one   claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the passages   between the support rods (25, 26), of the partition wall (23) and the base part (22) are provided with roundings. 20. Air distribution device supplied according to one   claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the passages   between the partition wall (23), the cover conductive plate (44) and the bottom conductive plate (24) are provided with rounding.   21. Air distribution device supplied according to one   of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the   support strips (25, 26), the partition wall (23) and the bottom conductive plate (24), in a top view on the base part (22), are arranged inside the   external delimitation thereof.   22. Air distribution device supplied according to one   claims 1 to 21, characterized in that one side   lower passage openings (49, 50) is disposed at   a certain distance above the base part (22).   23. Device for distributing air supplied according to one   of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that it is   disposed in the vicinity of the passage openings (49, 50, 102, 127) an air-conducting rod projecting from the base part (22). 53 2726073   24. Air distribution device supplied according to one   claims 1 to 23, characterized in that a channel   transverse distribution (48) constituted by the base part (22), the bottom conductive plate (24) and the cover conductive plate (44) is delimited in the frontal end zones (30, 31) opposite one to the other by the support rods (25, 26) and that these extend at least over part of the surface in cross section   of this transverse distribution channel.   25. Distributed air distribution device according to one   claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the   passage openings (49, 50) are arranged in a longitudinal distance (104) inside the rods of support (25, 26) (Figure 13).   26. Air distribution device supplied according to one   of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the   passage openings (49, 50) are arranged in the bottom conductive plate (24) and that it is arranged above at least one additional passage opening (102) (figures 12 to 15; 16, 17).   27. Air distribution device supplied according to one   claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the opening   passage (102) is delimited by the longitudinal edge (46), the bottom conductive plate (24) and the lower edge (33)   of the partition wall (23) (Figures 12 to 15; 16, 17).   28. Device for distributing air supplied according to one   claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the opening   passage (102) extends continuously between the two support rods (25, 26) furthest from each other from the supply air guide device (21) and is preferably produced in the form slot (Figures 12 to 15; 16, 17).   29. Device for distributing the air supplied according to one   claims 1 to 28, characterized in that at least the   supply air guide channel (47) and the passage openings (49, 50, 102, 127) are arranged at a distance 54 2726073   different relative to the bottom plate (8) of the enclosure combustion.   30. Distributed air distribution device according to one   of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that a gap (39)   between a front edge (38) of the supply air guide device (21) and a bearing surface (97) and, respectively, a height of the supply air guide device (21) corresponds at least to the height d a heap of embers on the established regime (figure 3).   31. Process for supplying combustion air to heating installations, in particular for solid fuels such as wood or the like, in which a combustion chamber is brought, which is formed by a chamber bottom plate combustion chamber, a combustion chamber cover plate, which extend parallel to each other and by a combustion chamber jacket formed by a hollow cylinder and, respectively, a hollow prism, by a device for distribution of air supplied in adjustable quantities to the fuel of the air supplied as primary air, and between this and a flue gas outlet of the air supplied as secondary air for the post-combustion of the still combustible constituents of the gases smoke, characterized in that an adjustable quantity of air taken from the surrounding air is taken and passed through the combustion chamber in the vicinity of the smoke gas outlet and, respectively, to a member deflection of the flue gases over part of the width of a side wall as a laminar flow in the manner of an air curtain, and in that after the heating and expansion of the air supplied, this is collected in the vicinity of the combustion chamber bottom and is then brought into areas distributed in height and / or around the periphery of the combustion chamber.